Safe power distribution device integrating power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions

Abstract

The utility model discloses a safety power distribution device integrating power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions, which comprises a power-off protection switch, a circuit on-off control switch and an outer shell, the power-off protection switch and the circuit on-off control switch are both arranged in the outer shell and are connected in series, two access ends are arranged on the outer shell, and the two access ends are connected with the circuit on-off control switch. The two access ends are used for accessing a load loop, the power-off protection switch is used for cutting off the load loop with short circuit or abnormal current, and the circuit on-off control switch is used for controlling the load loop to be switched on or switched off; the power-off protection switch adopts a firework type switch; the circuit on-off control switch comprises a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber to perform opening and closing actions. According to the utility model, the power-on and power-off requirements under normal working conditions can be met, the requirements of quick response and accurate breaking circuit under abnormal conditions can be met, the problem of function repetition can be avoided, the installation is simple, and the occupied space is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of safe power distribution devices, in particular to a safe power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions. Background Art

[0002] At present, in new energy electric vehicles, if the vehicle collides, the battery will cause short circuits, overheating and other problems caused by the collision and cause combustion. If it is in a confined space, it is very likely to cause a sudden increase in internal pressure and cause an explosion.

[0003] In response to the above problems, it is necessary to cut off the power supply module from the source at the beginning of the collision. The current solution is generally to install fuses and high-voltage contactors in the circuit where the battery module is located. The fuse is used to protect the high-fold fault short-circuit current, and the high-voltage contactor protects the relatively low-fold overload current. In the actual use of electric vehicles, traditional high-voltage contactors need to be matched with fuses, and high-voltage DC contactors are required to have stronger short-circuit resistance and extreme breaking capabilities. Generally, they are designed by comparing the current tolerance curves of fuses and high-voltage contactors. However, in actual working conditions, high-voltage contactors not only have to bear the high-fold short-circuit current of the fuse response time during a short circuit, but also need to meet the disconnection requirements of forced power-off under abnormal working conditions, resulting in the problem of functional duplication.

[0004] Furthermore, the traditional thermal fuse (which relies on the temperature characteristics of the fuse material for protection) has a large instantaneous impact current under the rapid acceleration of new energy vehicles, so the fuse generally has a margin, which leads to a contradiction between the requirements of short-circuit protection and the extreme working conditions of actual use. In addition, the traditional fuse has a certain number of impact current resistances. As the number of current impacts increases, the life span will decrease, which may easily cause the fuse to be unable to accurately control the disconnection condition, and its response speed may not be timely when facing complex vehicle conditions.

[0005] In addition, the traditional use of fuses and high-voltage contactors requires too many connecting wires and fasteners, making the installation process cumbersome and taking up a lot of space.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the prior art to overcome the defects in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0007] The problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a safe power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art that the safe power distribution module composed of fuses and high-voltage contactors has duplicate functions, is prone to the inability to accurately control the disconnection condition of the fuse, is cumbersome to install and occupies a large space.

[0008] The utility model adopts a technical solution to solve the technical problem: a safe power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions, comprising: a power-off protection switch, a circuit on-off control switch and an outer shell, wherein the power-off protection switch and the circuit on-off control switch are both installed in the outer shell and connected in series with each other, and the outer shell is provided with two access terminals, which are used to connect the series-connected power-off protection switch and the circuit on-off control switch to a load circuit, wherein the power-off protection switch is used to cut off a load circuit with a short circuit or abnormal current, and the circuit on-off control switch is used to control the load circuit to be turned on or off;

[0009] The power-off protection switch is a pyrotechnic switch; the circuit on-off control switch comprises a vacuum interrupter and a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the vacuum interrupter to perform opening and closing actions.

[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, the power-off protection switch is provided with two first electrical connection ends, and the vacuum arc chamber is provided with two second electrical connection ends, one of the first electrical connection ends is connected to one of the second electrical connection ends through a first conductive member, and the other first electrical connection end and the other second electrical connection end are used to connect the load circuit.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, another first electrical connection end and another second electrical connection end are both connected to a second conductive member, and one end of each of the two second conductive members protrudes out of the outer shell, thereby forming two access ends.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first conductive member and the second conductive member are made of copper bars, aluminum bars, copper-aluminum composite bars or cables.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the power-off protection switch and the circuit on-off control switch are both provided as one.

[0014] As a further improvement of the utility model, the power-off protection switch is set to one, the circuit on-off control switches are set to more than two, the power-off protection switch is connected in series with one of the vacuum interrupters, and more than two vacuum interrupters are connected in parallel.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] 1. The utility model provides a safety power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions. The power-off protection switch and the circuit on-off control switch are highly integrated in the outer shell to form a safety power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions. The power-off protection switch and the circuit on-off control switch in the safety power distribution device are connected in series. Under normal working conditions, the on-off of the load circuit is controlled by the circuit on-off control switch. When a short circuit or abnormal current occurs in the load circuit, the power-off protection switch responds quickly to disconnect the load circuit to achieve the protection function, which can meet the power on and off requirements under normal working conditions and the timely power off requirements under abnormal conditions. At the same time, since the power-off protection switch and the circuit on-off control switch are highly integrated in the outer shell, the structure is optimized and the installation process is simple. It is only necessary to connect the two access terminals to the load circuit after the safety power distribution device is fixed, without too many connecting wires and fasteners, and the overall size of the safety power distribution device is small, and it will not take up too much space during installation.

[0017] 2. The power-off protection switch in the utility model adopts a pyrotechnic switch, which has the ability to respond quickly and accurately disconnect the circuit, can achieve better protection function, and can simplify the short-circuit resistance and limit disconnection function requirements of the circuit on-off control switch;

[0018] 3. The circuit on-off control switch in the utility model adopts a vacuum interrupter and is used in conjunction with a pyrotechnic switch. It can not only solve the problem of repeated functions, but also the vacuum interrupter has a single-break structure with only one contact pair and is in a vacuum environment. It is stable throughout its life cycle and has a small contact resistance, which can effectively avoid the problem of excessive temperature rise in the circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of a safety power distribution device integrating power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions.

[0020] Combined with the accompanying drawings, the following description is given:

[0021] 1. Power-off protection switch; 2. Circuit on-off control switch; 201. Vacuum interrupter; 202. Driving mechanism; 3. Outer shell; 4. First conductive member; 5. Second conductive member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] See also Figure 1The utility model provides a safe power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions, including: a power-off protection switch 1, a circuit on-off control switch 2 and an outer shell 3. The power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 are both fixedly installed in the outer shell 3 and connected in series with each other. Two access terminals are arranged on the outer shell 3. The two access terminals are used to connect the series-connected power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 to a load circuit. The power-off protection switch 1 is used to cut off abnormal current in the load circuit that may occur due to a short circuit when an external line fault, improper operation or accident occurs. The circuit on-off control switch 2 is used to control the load circuit to be turned on or off.

[0024] The utility model forms a safety power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions by highly integrating the power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 in the outer shell 3, and the power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 are connected in series in the safety power distribution device. Under normal working conditions, the on-off of the load circuit is controlled by the circuit on-off control switch 2; when a short circuit or abnormal current occurs in the load circuit, the power-off protection switch 1 responds quickly, disconnects the load circuit, and realizes the protection function, which can meet the power on and off requirements under normal working conditions and the timely power off requirements under abnormal conditions. At the same time, because the power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 are highly integrated in the outer shell 3, the structure is optimized, and the installation process is simple. It is only necessary to connect the two access ends to the load circuit after the safety power distribution device is fixed, without too many connecting wires and fasteners, and the overall size of the safety power distribution device is small, and it will not take up too much space during installation.

[0025] It is worth mentioning that the power-off protection switch 1 in the utility model adopts a pyrotechnic switch. The principle of the pyrotechnic switch is: when a fault occurs, the pyrotechnic switch detects a fault such as a vehicle collision, circuit overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, etc., and triggers an ignition signal. The pyrotechnic switch ignites the internal explosive fuel according to the ignition signal. The powerful impact force generated by the explosive fuel drives the piston device to move quickly, cutting off the conductive copper busbar inside the pyrotechnic switch, thereby disconnecting the load circuit. The pyrotechnic switch is triggered by software to cut off the circuit by blasting. It can cut off the load in the event of a current fault (such as a short circuit, overload) or a non-current fault (such as a collision, overheating). It has the ability to quickly respond and accurately disconnect the circuit. The disconnecting current can reach 10KA or even higher, thereby realizing the protection function.

[0026] It should be noted that the specific structure of the pyrotechnic switch is not an improvement of the present application. The pyrotechnic switch is an existing conventional technology and can be purchased directly on the market, such as the pyrotechnic power-off protection switch disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with application number 202220033584.2, or the pyrotechnic power-off protection device disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with application number 201921089785.9, etc. You can choose the appropriate model according to the actual working conditions.

[0027] Since the power-off protection switch 1 of the utility model adopts a pyrotechnic switch, it has the ability to respond quickly and accurately disconnect the circuit, thereby simplifying the short-circuit resistance and limit disconnection function requirements of the circuit on-off control switch 2. Therefore, in the utility model, the circuit on-off control switch 2 only needs to meet the normal load current and short-time overload current functions, and does not need to bear the functions of load disconnection and high short-circuit current.

[0028] The circuit on-off control switch 2 of the present invention specifically comprises a vacuum interrupter 201 and a driving mechanism 202. The driving mechanism 202 is connected to the vacuum interrupter 201 and is used to drive the vacuum interrupter 201 to perform opening and closing actions.

[0029] Among them, the shell of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber 201 is generally made of insulating materials such as ceramics or glass, and its shape can be cylindrical. The interior is a single-break structure, including a static contact and a moving contact. The moving contact is connected to the driving mechanism 202 through a moving conductive rod, and is driven by the driving mechanism 202 to achieve closing and disconnection with the static contact.

[0030] The circuit on-off control switch 2 in the utility model adopts the vacuum interrupter 201, which can not only solve the problem of repeated functions, but also because it is a single-break structure, has only one contact pair, and is in a vacuum environment, its contact resistance is small and stable throughout the life cycle, effectively avoiding the problem of excessive temperature rise in the circuit.

[0031] It should be noted that the specific structures of the vacuum arc chamber 201 and the driving mechanism 202 are not improved in the present application, but are existing conventional technologies and can be directly purchased on the market. For example, the vacuum arc chamber 201 can adopt the vacuum arc chamber recorded in the Chinese invention patent application with application number 201910312627.3, or the vacuum arc chamber recorded in the Chinese invention patent application with application number 201510606225.6, etc. The appropriate model can be selected according to the actual working conditions.

[0032] Furthermore, the power-off protection switch 1, i.e., the pyrotechnic switch, is provided with two first electrical connection terminals, and the vacuum arc chamber 201 is provided with two second electrical connection terminals, one of the first electrical connection terminals is connected to one of the second electrical connection terminals through the first conductive member 4, and the other first electrical connection terminal and the other second electrical connection terminal are used to connect the load circuit.

[0033] The other first electrical connection end and the other second electrical connection end are both connected to a second conductive member 5 , and one end of each of the two second conductive members 5 protrudes out of the outer shell 3 , thereby forming two access ends for access to the load circuit.

[0034] Exemplarily, the first conductive member 4 and the second conductive member 5 are made of copper bars, aluminum bars, copper-aluminum composite bars or cables, etc., preferably copper bars.

[0035] In this embodiment, the power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 are both provided as one.

[0036] Of course, in other embodiments of the utility model, the power-off protection switch 1 can be set to one, and the circuit on-off control switch 2 can be set to more than two. The power-off protection switch 1 is connected in series with one of the vacuum arc chambers 201, and more than two vacuum arc chambers 201 are connected in parallel with each other, which can further reduce the loop resistance and also play a shunt role, thereby reducing the overall heat generation of the device.

[0037] The material and shape of the outer shell 3 in the present invention are not limited. For example, the material can be plastic, and the shape can be determined according to the actual installation space of the safety distribution device.

[0038] In summary, the utility model is a safety power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions, which forms a safety power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions by highly integrating the power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 in the outer shell 3, and the power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 are connected in series in the safety power distribution device, and under normal working conditions, the on-off of the load circuit is controlled by the circuit on-off control switch 2; when a short circuit or abnormal current occurs in the load circuit, the power-off protection switch 1 responds quickly, disconnects the load circuit, and realizes the protection function, which can meet the power on and off requirements under normal working conditions, and can also meet the timely power off requirements under abnormal conditions; at the same time, because the power-off protection switch 1 and the circuit on-off control switch 2 are highly integrated in the outer shell 3, the structure is optimized, the installation process is simple, and only requires After the safety distribution device is fixed, the two access ends can be connected to the load circuit without too many connecting wires and fasteners, and the overall size of the safety distribution device is small, and it will not take up too much space during installation; the power-off protection switch 1 in the utility model adopts a pyrotechnic switch, which has the ability to respond quickly and accurately disconnect the circuit, and the disconnecting current can reach 10KA or even higher, which can achieve better protection functions and simplify the short-circuit resistance and limit disconnection function requirements of the circuit on-off control switch 2; at the same time, the circuit on-off control switch 2 in the utility model adopts a vacuum arc chamber 201, which is used in conjunction with a pyrotechnic switch, which can not only solve the problem of functional duplication, but also the vacuum arc chamber 201 is a single-break structure with only one contact pair, and is in a vacuum environment, its contact resistance is small and stable throughout the life process, effectively avoiding the problem of excessive temperature rise in the circuit.

[0039] In the above description, many specific details are described to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed above. At the same time, any person familiar with the technical field can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safe power distribution device integrating power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions, characterized in that: include: A power-off protection switch (1), a circuit on-off control switch (2) and an outer shell (3), wherein the power-off protection switch (1) and the circuit on-off control switch (2) are both installed in the outer shell (3) and connected in series with each other, and the outer shell (3) is provided with two access terminals, the two access terminals are used to connect the series-connected power-off protection switch (1) and the circuit on-off control switch (2) to a load circuit, the power-off protection switch (1) is used to cut off a load circuit with a short circuit or abnormal current, and the circuit on-off control switch (2) is used to control the on or off of the load circuit; The power-off protection switch (1) is a pyrotechnic switch; the circuit on-off control switch (2) comprises a vacuum interrupter (201) and a drive mechanism (202); the drive mechanism (202) is used to drive the vacuum interrupter (201) to perform an opening and closing action.

2. The safety power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-off protection switch (1) is provided with two first electrical connection ends, and the vacuum interrupter (201) is provided with two second electrical connection ends, wherein one of the first electrical connection ends is connected to one of the second electrical connection ends via a first conductive member (4), and another of the first electrical connection ends and another of the second electrical connection ends are used to connect to a load circuit.

3. The safety power distribution device with integrated power failure protection and circuit on / off control functions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Another first electrical connection end and another second electrical connection end are both connected to a second conductive member (5), and one end of each of the two second conductive members (5) protrudes out of the outer shell (3), thereby forming two access ends.

4. The safety power distribution device with integrated power failure protection and circuit on / off control functions according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first conductive member (4) and the second conductive member (5) are made of copper busbars, aluminum busbars, copper-aluminum composite busbars or cables.

5. The safety power distribution device with integrated power-off protection and circuit on-off control functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-off protection switch (1) and the circuit on-off control switch (2) are both provided as one.

6. The safety power distribution device with integrated power failure protection and circuit on / off control functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-off protection switch (1) is provided as one, the circuit on-off control switches (2) are provided as more than two, the power-off protection switch (1) is connected in series with one of the vacuum interrupter chambers (201), and more than two vacuum interrupter chambers (201) are connected in parallel with each other.

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