MPPT control system
By designing the MPPT control system, the problems of single functions and poor stability of traditional charging controllers are solved, and a more efficient and safe solar charging process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421671077.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-16
AI Technical Summary
The traditional upgraded voltage controller has a single function in solar charging systems, low charging power, and lacks input and output protection and reverse connection protection, resulting in poor charging stability and easy damage.
An MPPT control system was designed. By dividing the system into a charging module, a detection module and a control module, an electronic switch, a voltage control unit and a current control unit, the input and output voltage and current are monitored and adjusted in real time to ensure that the system is at the maximum power point. Work.
It improves the stability and output power of the charging system, ensures the safety and efficiency of the charging process, and avoids system damage.
Smart Images
Figure CN222508874U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to an MPPT control system. Background Art
[0002] With the development of society, people's lives are highly dependent on electricity. Electricity supports the operation of daily equipment, networks, and tools, and the existence of electricity has improved people's lives. With the changes of the times, the demand for energy storage power supplies is increasing, and people's demand for electricity reserves is also increasing. There are many ways to charge energy storage power supplies, among which the most environmentally friendly, economical and widely installed one is solar charging.
[0003] In the related art, a traditional step-up voltage controller is used for charging control. However, the traditional charging controller has a single function, low charging power, no input and output protection and no reverse connection. The reduction of the charging controller current will cause the IC cycle to trigger the IC low voltage protection and fail to charge normally. In addition, the control system is built with a digital power supply, which has poor stability, slow protection response and is easy to be damaged. Utility Model Content
[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide an MPPT control system, aiming to improve stability while maintaining the output power at a maximum value.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model proposes an MPPT control system, including a charging module, a detection module, and a control module:
[0006] The charging module includes a solar panel and a battery pack, the solar panel is electrically connected to the battery pack, and an electronic switch is configured between the solar panel and the battery pack;
[0007] The detection module is electrically connected to both ends of the electronic switch and is equipped with a voltage control unit for real-time monitoring of the input voltage and output voltage of the charging module;
[0008] One terminal of the control module is electrically connected to the electronic switch, and the other terminal is electrically connected to the voltage control unit, so that when a drop in input voltage is detected, the control module sends an input voltage value limiting command to the voltage control unit;
[0009] The detection module is configured with a current control unit, which is electrically connected to the control module and is used to enable the voltage control unit and the current control unit to compensate the control module when the control module collects the input voltage.
[0010] In one embodiment of the present application, the control module includes a DC-DC control chip and an MCU, and the current control unit is configured between the DC-DC control chip and the MUC. The DC-DC control chip bidirectionally conducts the electronic switch for real-time monitoring of the electronic switch state and issuing control commands to the electronic switch.
[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, the voltage control unit is electrically connected to the DC-DC control chip and is bidirectionally electrically connected to the MCU, so that the MCU can collect the input voltage in real time and send a modulation command to the voltage control unit. The voltage control unit receives the modulation command and compensates the DC-DC control chip.
[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the voltage control unit includes an input voltage sampling unit and an output voltage sampling unit, the input voltage sampling unit and the output voltage sampling unit are arranged relative to each other, and the input voltage sampling unit is configured to receive a voltage value limiting command and limit the input voltage value.
[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the current control unit is electrically connected to the DC-DC control chip and is bidirectionally electrically connected to the MCU, so as to enable the MCU to adopt input and output current values in real time. The current control unit receives modulation commands and compensates the DC-DC control chip.
[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the current control unit includes an input current sampling unit and an output current sampling unit, and the input current sampling unit and the output current sampling unit are relatively arranged to adjust and track the maximum power point in real time.
[0015] The technical solution of the utility model divides the entire MPPT control system into a charging module, a detection module, and a control module. The main purpose of the charging module is to use the battery pack to collect and store the electric energy generated by the solar panel. In order to facilitate the control of the entire electric energy transmission process, an electronic switch is provided between the solar panel and the battery pack. The electronic switch is composed of MOSFET. The control module is directly electrically connected to the MOSFET. A detection module is provided at both ends of the electronic switch. The module is composed of a voltage control unit and a current control unit. The voltage control unit and the current control unit are respectively used to collect input voltage, output voltage, input current, and output current. The control module is used to receive the input voltage and can When it decreases, a voltage value limiting command is sent to the voltage control unit. After receiving the command, the voltage control unit will limit the input voltage value to 70%-75% of the initial state to avoid large input fluctuations, which will lead to low tracking efficiency. Similarly, after the control unit receives and collects the input voltage, it gives PWM signals to the voltage control unit and the current control unit so that the voltage control unit and the current control unit compensate the control unit. Because P=UI, after the control unit accurately detects the input voltage at all times, the voltage control unit and the current control unit can accurately adjust the voltage and current. In this way, even if the power changes, the control module can track the maximum power point and maintain power stability, thereby ensuring stable and efficient operation of the charging module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the MPPT control system of this utility model
[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0020] Reference Figure 1In one embodiment of the utility model, an MPPT control system is proposed, including a charging module, a detection module, and a control module. The charging module includes a solar panel and a battery pack. The solar panel is electrically connected to the battery pack, and an electronic switch is configured between the solar panel and the battery pack; the detection module is electrically connected to both ends of the electronic switch, and is configured with a voltage control unit for real-time monitoring of the input voltage and output voltage of the charging module; one terminal of the control module is electrically connected to the electronic switch, and the other terminal is electrically connected to the voltage control unit, and is used to enable the control module to issue an input voltage value limiting command to the voltage control unit when a drop in the input voltage is detected; the detection module is configured with a current control unit, and the current control unit is electrically connected to the control module, and is used to enable the voltage control unit and the current control unit to compensate the control module when the control module collects the input voltage.
[0021] In an MPPT control system of the present application, the MPPT control system is divided into a charging module, a detection module, and a control module. The main purpose of the charging module is to use a battery pack to collect and store the electric energy generated by the solar panel. In order to facilitate the control of the entire electric energy transmission process, an electronic switch is provided between the solar panel and the battery pack. The electronic switch is composed of a MOSFET. The control module is directly electrically connected to the MOSFET. A detection module is provided at both ends of the electronic switch. The module is composed of a voltage control unit and a current control unit. The voltage control unit and the current control unit are respectively used to collect input voltage, output voltage, input current, and output current. The control module is used to receive the input voltage and can When the value drops, a voltage limit command is sent to the voltage control unit. After receiving the command, the voltage control unit will limit the input voltage value to 70%-75% of the initial state to avoid large input fluctuations, which will lead to low tracking efficiency. Similarly, after the control unit receives and collects the input voltage, it gives PWM signals to the voltage control unit and the current control unit so that the voltage control unit and the current control unit compensate the control unit. Because P=UI, after the control unit accurately detects the input voltage at all times, the voltage control unit and the current control unit can accurately adjust the voltage and current. In this way, even if the power changes, the control module can track the maximum power point and maintain power stability, thereby ensuring stable and efficient operation of the charging module.
[0022] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present application, the control module includes a DC-DC control chip and an MCU, the current control unit is configured between the DC-DC control chip and the MUC, the DC-DC control chip bidirectionally conducts the electronic switch, and is used to monitor the state of the electronic switch in real time and issue control commands to the electronic switch.
[0023] In an MPPT control system of the present application, the control module is composed of a DC-DC control chip and an MCU. One pin of the current control unit is connected to the DC-DC control chip, and the other pin is connected to the MCU, so that the MCU can sample the input and output currents in real time, and when the input voltage drops, the current control unit is commanded to increase the current value at the DC-DC control chip, so that the overall output power is more stable. The DC-DC control chip bidirectionally conducts the electronic switch, which can more accurately control the entire power supply system.
[0024] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present application, the voltage control unit is electrically connected to the DC-DC control chip and is bidirectionally electrically connected to the MCU, so that the MCU can collect the input voltage in real time and send a modulation command to the voltage control unit. The voltage control unit receives the modulation command and compensates the DC-DC control chip.
[0025] In an MPPT control system of the present application, a voltage control unit is electrically connected to a DC-DC control chip and is bidirectionally electrically connected to an MCU, which enables the MCU to collect input and output voltage values in real time. When the power in the system needs to be adjusted, a PWM signal is sent to the voltage control unit to compensate the DC-DC control chip and maintain the stability of the system.
[0026] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present application, the voltage control unit includes an input voltage sampling unit and an output voltage sampling unit, the input voltage sampling unit and the output voltage sampling unit are arranged relative to each other, and the input voltage sampling unit is configured to receive a voltage value limiting command and limit the input voltage value.
[0027] In an MPPT control system of the present application, a voltage control unit includes an input voltage sampling unit and an output voltage sampling unit. The input voltage sampling unit is configured to limit the input voltage value when the input voltage value decreases, so that the voltage value is limited to 70-75%, thereby avoiding large input fluctuations and resulting in low tracking efficiency.
[0028] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present application, the current control unit is electrically connected to the DC-DC control chip and is bidirectionally electrically connected to the MCU, so as to enable the MCU to adopt input and output current values in real time. The current control unit receives modulation commands and compensates the DC-DC control chip.
[0029] In an MPPT control system of the present application, a current control unit is electrically connected to a DC-DC control chip and bidirectionally electrically connected to an MCU, and is used to help the MCU collect input and output current values in real time. The control unit is not directly connected to a charging module, and its purpose is to assist the detection module, track changes in input power, and stabilize the input power at a maximum value, thereby making the entire control system more stable and efficient.
[0030] Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present application, the current control unit includes an input current sampling unit and an output current sampling unit, and the input current sampling unit and the output current sampling unit are relatively arranged to adjust and track the maximum power point in real time.
[0031] In an MPPT control system of the present application, the current control unit includes an input current sampling unit and an output current sampling unit. In this embodiment, the input voltage is monitored by the input voltage sampling unit and fed back to the MCU. After the MCU collects the input voltage, it gives a PWM signal to the input voltage sampling unit, the input current sampling unit, and the output current sampling unit so that it can compensate the DC-DC control unit. The input voltage sampling unit can limit the input voltage to 70-75% of the initial value during the decline process to prevent large input fluctuations, which will lead to low tracking efficiency.
[0032] Preferably, the current maximum power can be obtained by changing the compensation values of the input current sampling unit and the output current sampling unit. In this embodiment, by reducing the compensation of the output current acquisition unit, the output current is gradually increased, and the input power is observed at the same time until the input power becomes smaller. At this time, the current maximum input power can be locked; by observing the fluctuation of the input voltage, when the current input voltage increases compared to the voltage sampled at the last time, the change in input power is observed by increasing or decreasing the compensation of the output current sampling unit, so as to track the maximum power point in real time. The above structure can relatively easily control the charging module and make it work stably.
[0033] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of this embodiment correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate an orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0034] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An MPPT control system, characterized in that: include: A charging module, the charging module comprising a solar panel and a battery pack, the solar panel is electrically connected to the battery pack, and an electronic switch is configured between the solar panel and the battery pack; A detection module, the detection module is electrically connected to both ends of the electronic switch and is configured with a voltage control unit for real-time monitoring of the input voltage and output voltage of the charging module; A control module, wherein one terminal of the control module is electrically connected to the electronic switch, and the other terminal is electrically connected to the voltage control unit, and is used to enable the control module to send an input voltage value limiting command to the voltage control unit when a drop in the input voltage is detected; The detection module is configured with a current control unit, which is electrically connected to the control module and is used to enable the voltage control unit and the current control unit to compensate the control module when the control module collects the input voltage.
2. An MPPT control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes a DC-DC control chip and an MCU. The current control unit is configured between the DC-DC control chip and the MUC. The DC-DC control chip bidirectionally conducts the electronic switch for real-time monitoring of the electronic switch state and issuing control commands to the electronic switch.
3. An MPPT control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage control unit is electrically connected to the DC-DC control chip and is bidirectionally electrically connected to the MCU, so that the MCU can collect input voltage in real time and send a modulation command to the voltage control unit. The voltage control unit receives the modulation command and compensates the DC-DC control chip.
4. The MPPT control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage control unit comprises an input voltage sampling unit and an output voltage sampling unit, wherein the input voltage sampling unit and the output voltage sampling unit are arranged opposite to each other, and the input voltage sampling unit is configured to receive a voltage value limiting command and limit the input voltage value.
5. The MPPT control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The current control unit is electrically connected to the DC-DC control chip and bidirectionally electrically connected to the MCU, and is used to enable the MCU to adopt input and output current values in real time. The current control unit receives modulation commands and compensates the DC-DC control chip.
6. The MPPT control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current control unit comprises an input current sampling unit and an output current sampling unit, and the input current sampling unit and the output current sampling unit are arranged relatively to each other and are used for adjusting and tracking the maximum power point in real time.