Biomass pretreatment integrated adding device of European smelting furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses an European smelting furnace biomass pretreatment integrated adding device which comprises a machine frame, a biomass crushing device is arranged on the machine frame, a feeding port is formed in one end of the machine frame, a magnet screening plate is further arranged above the feeding port, cutting blades are further arranged at the top of the biomass crushing device, the rotating speed of the blades is 3000 r / min, and the gap between the blades is 20 mm. The other end of the rack is provided with a powder collector, the discharging end of the powder collector is provided with a feeder, a feeding bin is arranged below an outlet of the feeder, a feeding belt is arranged at a discharging opening in the bottom of the feeding bin, the discharging end of the feeding belt is provided with a dryer, the drying temperature in the dryer is 140 DEG C, and a hot air pipe of the dryer is communicated with a hot air furnace of the European smelting furnace. A discharge port of the dryer is communicated with the granulator, and a discharge port of the granulator is communicated with the European smelting gasifier through a feeding belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an integrated adding device for biomass pretreatment of an Ouye furnace. Background Art

[0002] Forest resources in biomass raw materials include logging residues and wood processing waste, afforestation prunings, and prunings of surrounding trees. Biomass energy is a kind of energy with biomass as the carrier, which is a form of energy that stores solar energy in biological form in the form of chemical energy. Biomass energy comes directly or indirectly from plant photosynthesis, is an important part of the energy system, and is the fourth largest energy source after coal, oil and natural gas. Biomass energy is renewable, carbon-balanced, substitutable and clean, and is increasingly valued by countries around the world. The co-gasification of biomass and coal can solve the seasonal problem of biomass production, which can not only save fossil fuels, but also reduce CO2 emissions.

[0003] As the most advanced non-blast furnace ironmaking smelting reduction device in the world, the Ouye furnace mainly uses coal and coke as solid fuels. According to the structure of the Ouye furnace, its thermal coal consumption accounts for about 70% of solid fuels. A large amount of thermal coal is used as fuel, and carbon emissions are relatively high compared to the blast furnace process. Therefore, it is necessary to add biomass energy to replace the coal powder in the coal-based direct reduction process and the coal-based smelting reduction process, which plays the role of a heating agent and a reducing agent, so that high-quality direct reduced iron and molten iron can be produced more cleanly. However, biomass contains a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and its spatial structure is anisotropic, resulting in different shapes of crushed particles, such as spherical, rod-shaped, and flaky. The shape of the crushed biomass particles has a certain influence on the subsequent stacking, flow and storage. Therefore, an Ouye furnace biomass pretreatment integrated addition device and method is urgently needed to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims to provide an integrated addition device for biomass pretreatment of an Ouye furnace, so as to solve the problem that a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in biomass have anisotropy in spatial structure, resulting in different shapes of crushed particles, which affects the subsequent stacking, flow and storage.

[0005] An integrated adding device for biomass pretreatment of an Ouye furnace comprises a frame, a biomass crushing device is arranged on the frame, a feed port is arranged at one end of the frame, a magnet screening plate is arranged above the feed port, a cutting blade is arranged on the top of the biomass crushing device, the blade speed is 3000r / min, and the blade gap is 20mm, a powder collector is arranged at the other end of the frame, a feeder is arranged at the discharge end of the powder collector, a feeding bin is arranged below the discharge outlet of the feeder, a feeding belt is arranged at the discharge outlet of the bottom of the feeding bin, a dryer is arranged at the discharge end of the feeding belt, the drying temperature in the dryer is 140℃, the hot air pipe of the dryer is connected with the hot air furnace of the Ouye furnace, the discharge port of the dryer is connected with a granulator, and the discharge port of the granulator is connected with the gasification furnace of the Ouye furnace through the feeding belt.

[0006] Biomass pretreatment generally requires three steps: crushing, drying, and molding. Crushing usually goes through two stages: coarse crushing and fine crushing. When drying, the biomass is generally dried using recycled high-temperature flue gas. When briquetting, a computer algorithm is used to create a program so that the biomass crushing parameters (particle size 10-55mm) of the Ouye furnace can be automatically formulated according to the biomass parameters to complete the biomass pretreatment. After pretreatment, the surface area of ​​the biomass is greatly increased, the chemical reaction rate is greatly improved, and it is more space-saving and convenient for transportation.

[0007] The biomass crushing stage mainly adopts chain plate type intelligent feeding, which can automatically adjust the feeding speed according to the load of the main motor. Make the machine run at full load to avoid no-load operation, make feeding smoother, and greatly improve production capacity. The structure is divided into the main machine and auxiliary machine (air flow separator, induced draft fan, powder collector, dust collector) of the biomass material crusher. The powder collector (also known as the centrifugal separator) of the crusher main machine, the powder particles that meet the crushing requirements are tangentially entered into the powder collector with the induced draft fan airflow through the air duct, so that the airflow carrying the powder rotates, and the powder particles are thrown to the cylinder wall and then settle to the discharge port, and enter the powder collection bag by themselves.

[0008] The main machine of the biomass material crusher is mainly composed of a machine base, a feed port, a cutting part and a casing. The cutting part mainly includes a cutter disc, a cutting blade and an electric control. The cutting blade can be adjusted according to needs to produce biomass materials of different specifications and thicknesses. The cutting part uses a high-speed rotating hammer to hit the material, crushing it into small pieces, and then screens out qualified particles through a screen. It is suitable for crushing biomass materials such as nail wood, wooden pallets, waste formwork on construction sites, wooden brackets, stumps, waste furniture, branches, wood, formwork waste, house demolition waste, doors and windows. Soft biomass and hard biomass have different difficulties in crushing. Soft biomass such as straw and wheat straw are prone to entanglement when crushed, while hard biomass such as cotton stalks require greater strength when crushed. Overall, the compressive resistance of biomass is generally weak, so unlike rocks, they are more suitable for shearing and grinding. The finer the biomass particles are, the better, otherwise it will increase energy consumption and bring difficulties to both crushing and screening.

[0009] In addition, the particle size distribution of biomass crushed particles will also have an important impact on its particle properties. Particles with smaller particle sizes tend to aggregate into lumps, which will have a certain impact on the screening process. During the gasification process, when the temperature is not high, the particle size of the biomass particles is inversely proportional to its coke yield. When biomass undergoes pyrolysis, heat is always transferred to its surface first and then to the inside. The particle size and shape will also affect the pyrolysis rate of biomass. Therefore, the morphology and particle size distribution of biomass also need to be considered.

[0010] The induced draft fan is a centrifugal fan, which mainly provides suitable air pressure and air volume for the unit production and plays a role in dust removal. The main body of the dust collector is a box, with a dust door at the bottom of the box. The box should be installed in a vertical frame. The upper body of the vertical frame is covered with filter bags. The dust collector receives dust-containing gas from the centrifugal separator. It enters the box from the box entrance and is discharged into the space outside the machine through the filter bag. The dust removal efficiency of the filter bag dust collector can reach more than 90%.

[0011] In the biomass drying stage, the recycled high-temperature flue gas is used to dry the biomass, so that the high-temperature flue gas is in direct contact with the wet material, and the material is heated by convection heat transfer. The heat energy of the high-temperature flue gas vaporizes the water (or solvent) in the material, and takes away the generated steam, so that the water or solvent contained in it is vaporized and removed. This is a unit operation belonging to the heat and mass transfer process. The purpose of drying is to make the material easy to store, transport and use, or to meet the needs of further processing.

[0012] In the biomass molding stage, the briquetting and pelletizing machine is mainly used to briquette and pelletize the dried and crushed biomass materials. There are two types of pelletizers: flat die and ring die. Flat die pelletizers are suitable for pressing materials with strong adhesion, such as crop straw; ring die pelletizers have strong pressure and are suitable for pressing materials with poor adhesion, such as sawdust. In order to increase production, the two are used in combination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the utility model.

[0014] Markings in the figure: biomass pretreatment feed inlet 1, crushing device 2, magnetic screening plate 3, cutting blade 4, powder collector 5, loader 6, loading bin 7, loading belt 8, dryer 9, hot air furnace 10, dust collector 11, pelletizer 12, discharge port 13, loading belt 14, Ouye furnace gasification furnace 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] An integrated biomass pretreatment device for an Ouye furnace, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a frame, on which a biomass crushing device 2 is arranged, a feed port 1 is arranged at one end of the frame, a magnetic screening plate 3 is also arranged above the feed port, a cutting blade 4 is also arranged on the top of the biomass crushing device, the blade speed is 3000r / min, and the blade gap is 20mm, a powder collector 5 is arranged at the other end of the frame, a feeder 6 is arranged at the discharge end of the powder collector 5, a feed bin 7 is arranged below the outlet of the feeder 6, a feed belt 8 is arranged at the discharge port at the bottom of the feed bin 7, a dryer 9 is arranged at the discharge end of the feed belt 8, the drying temperature in the dryer 9 is 140°C, the hot air pipe of the dryer 9 is connected with the hot air furnace 10 of the Ouye furnace, the discharge port of the dryer 9 is connected with the granulator 12 through the dust collector 11 pipeline and the conveyor belt, and the discharge port 13 of the granulator 12 is connected with the Ouye furnace gasification furnace 15 through the feeding belt 14.

[0016] After the biomass is transported to the pre-processing site, it first enters the crushing device 2 from the biomass pre-processing feed port 1. The magnetic screening plate 3 absorbs the metal substances in the biomass raw materials. The cutting blade 4 continuously cuts the biomass, reducing the large-sized materials such as branches to a certain size. The cut biomass reaches the high-speed rotating hammer to hit the biomass, crushing it into small pieces, and then reaches the crusher main machine powder collector 5. The powder particles that meet the crushing requirements pass through the air duct tangentially with the induced draft fan airflow and pass through the screen to screen out qualified particles. The crushed biomass materials with qualified and similar particle sizes enter the drying part feeder 6, and reach the feeding belt 8 from the feeding bin 7. The belt transports the biomass materials to the dryer 9. The high-temperature flue gas from the hot air furnace 10 enters the dryer 9, directly contacts the wet biomass materials, and heats the biomass materials by convection heat transfer, and the water vapor is taken away by the air flow. In this process, the centrifugal fan will continuously provide appropriate wind pressure and air volume, and enter the dust collector 11. The dried biomass material enters the pelletizer 12 and eventually becomes pre-treated material of uniform shape and size, which is fed into the Ouye furnace gasifier 15 through the discharge port 13 and the feeding belt 14.

Claims

1. An integrated biomass pretreatment device for an Ouye furnace, comprising a frame, characterized in that: A biomass crushing device is arranged on the frame, a feed port is arranged at one end of the frame, a magnetic screening plate is arranged above the feed port, a cutting blade is arranged on the top of the biomass crushing device, the blade speed is 3000r / min, and the blade gap is 20mm, a powder collector is arranged at the other end of the frame, a feeder is arranged at the discharge end of the powder collector, a feeding bin is arranged below the feeder outlet, a feeding belt is arranged at the discharge port at the bottom of the feeding bin, a dryer is arranged at the discharge end of the feeding belt, and the drying temperature in the dryer is 140℃, the hot air pipe of the dryer is connected with the hot air furnace of Ouye furnace, the discharge port of the dryer is connected with the pelletizer, and the discharge port of the pelletizer is connected with the gasification furnace of Ouye furnace through the feeding belt.

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