Saddle ram mechanism of five-axis machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool, which relates to the technical field of machine tools, and particularly comprises a saddle and a ram, the saddle and the ram adopt a concentric-square-shaped symmetrical box-in-box structure, the saddle is in a two-half design, the saddle comprises a main shell and an auxiliary shell, and the main shell and the auxiliary shell are arranged in parallel. The main shell and the auxiliary shell are connected through bolts to form a concentric-square-shaped symmetrical structure, and supporting blocks are arranged at the four corners of the two sides of the sliding saddle. According to the sliding saddle ram mechanism of the five-axis machine tool, through the design of a front and rear double-arm supporting structure of the sliding saddle, compared with a side hanging type structure, the probability that the center of a main shaft deviates can be reduced, and through the box-in-box symmetrical structure of the sliding saddle and the cross beam, the change of the center of the ram caused by thermal deformation due to workshop temperature change is greatly reduced; and the saddle ram also adopts a box-in-box structure of a rectangular-ambulatory-plane symmetrical four-wire-rail, so that the precision retentivity and the shock resistance of the ram reach the optimal state, the influence of temperature change on the center offset of the main shaft is reduced again, and the machining precision of the five-axis machine tool is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tools, and particularly relates to a saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool. Background Technique

[0002] The ram and saddle are necessary spindle basic components of a gantry numerical control machine tool. The structure and movement mode of the ram are as follows: the ram moves telescopically in the saddle to drive the spindle to move, so as to realize the required axis movement. In the prior art, some solutions for five-axis machine tools are disclosed. For example, a five-axis machine tool disclosed in the authorized patent documents with application numbers CN202221814607.X, CN202022204109.0 or CN201822159409.4. The saddle of the five-axis machine tool in these solutions is of a side-hanging structure. Under the influence of gravity, the center of the spindle is prone to shift. When the saddle and ram structure of the above type is used, the saddle cannot limit the part where the ram slides out of the saddle, so that under the action of the cutting force, the ram is prone to deformation. Based on this, the present application proposes a saddle and ram structure of a five-axis machine tool. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model provides a saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool, which solves the problems that when the saddle is of a side-hanging structure, the contact surface between it and the crossbeam is small, and under the influence of gravity, the center of the spindle is prone to shift; the saddle cannot limit the part where the ram slides out of the saddle, so that under the action of the cutting force, the ram is prone to deformation as mentioned in the above background technique.

[0004] The utility model provides the following technical solution: a saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool, including a saddle and a ram. The saddle and the ram adopt a symmetric box-in-box structure in a shape of a Chinese character 'hui'. The saddle is designed in two halves. The saddle includes a main shell and a sub-shell. The main shell and the sub-shell are connected by bolts into a symmetric structure in a shape of a Chinese character 'hui'. Support blocks are arranged at the four corners on both sides of the saddle. A ram is connected in the inner cavity of the saddle through a lead screw. Follow-up plates are movably connected to both sides of the ram. Vacuum suckers are fixed to both sides of the bottom end of the saddle. The follow-up plates are in contact with the vacuum suckers. A support structure is arranged at the bottom of the saddle;

[0005] The support structure includes a first hydraulic telescopic rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the saddle and a support frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the first hydraulic telescopic rod. The support frame is in contact with the bottom of the ram.

[0006] Preferably, a groove is arranged at the bottom of the ram. The support frame is located in the inner cavity of the groove, and the bottom of the support frame is at the same height as the bottom of the ram.

[0007] Preferably, the vacuum suction cup is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main shell, a vacuum tube is fixed to one side of the main shell, one end of the vacuum tube is located outside the main shell, and the other end of the vacuum tube is fixedly connected to the vacuum suction cup.

[0008] Preferably, follower grooves are provided on both sides of the slide, the follower plate is located in the inner cavity of the follower groove and limiting holes are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the follower groove, a limiting block is movably connected in the inner cavity of the limiting hole, the limiting block is fixedly connected to the follower plate, and the bottom of the follower plate is at the same height as the bottom of the slide.

[0009] Preferably, the slide is a hollow structure, and reinforcing ribs are evenly fixed in the inner cavity of the slide.

[0010] Preferably, wiping pads are fixed to the top and bottom of the saddle, and the wiping pads are in contact with the ram.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. The saddle and ram mechanism of the five-axis machine tool can reduce the probability of spindle center deviation compared with the side-mounted structure through the design of the front and rear double-arm support structure of the saddle. The box-in-box symmetrical structure of the saddle and the crossbeam greatly reduces the change of the ram center caused by thermal deformation due to temperature changes in the workshop. The saddle and ram also adopt a box-in-box structure with a symmetrical four-wire rail in the shape of a U-shaped letter "U". The ram's accuracy retention and seismic resistance are in the best state, which further reduces the influence of temperature changes on spindle center deviation and ensures the machining accuracy of the five-axis machine tool.

[0013] 2. The saddle and ram mechanism of the five-axis machine tool can be connected to the vacuum suction cup by negative pressure through the setting of the follower plate and the vacuum suction cup, so that the follower plate can limit the ram and reduce the probability of deformation of the ram during the cutting process; through the setting of the wiping pad, the wiping pad can wipe off impurities adhering to the ram, reduce the friction between the ram and the saddle, and facilitate the movement of the ram in the inner cavity of the saddle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a front view of the structure of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 The utility model structure Figure 1 Back diagram;

[0016] Figure 3 The utility model structure Figure 1 Bottom schematic diagram;

[0017] Figure 4 The utility model structure Figure 1 Explosion diagram;

[0018] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the main housing of the structure of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a sectional view of the ram of the structure of the present utility model.

[0020] In the figure: 1, main housing; 2, auxiliary housing; 3, support block; 4, ram; 5, support frame; 6, lead screw; 7, vacuum tube; 8, follower plate; 9, wiping pad; 10, follower groove; 11, stiffening rib plate; 12, limiting block; 13, vacuum chuck; 14, first hydraulic telescopic rod. Specific embodiments

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] The present utility model provides a saddle and ram mechanism for a five-axis machine tool, including a saddle and a ram 4. The ram 4 is movably connected to the inner cavity of the saddle. The ram 4 is connected to the saddle through a lead screw 6. When the lead screw 6 rotates, the ram 4 moves in the direction where the lead screw 6 is located. Moreover, the saddle and the ram 4 adopt a symmetric box-in-box structure in a rectangular shape, which greatly reduces the change in the center of the ram caused by thermal deformation due to temperature changes in the workshop, and can keep the accuracy of the ram, and the seismic resistance reaches the best state. Moreover, it reduces the influence of temperature changes on the offset of the spindle center again, ensuring the machining accuracy.

[0023] The ram 4 is a hollow structure, and stiffening rib plates 11 are uniformly fixed in the inner cavity of the ram 4. Through the arrangement of the stiffening rib plates 11, the rigidity of the ram 4 can be improved, and the anti-deformation performance of the ram 4 can be improved.

[0024] The saddle is designed in two halves, reducing the machining difficulty and the adjustment of the assembly accuracy. The saddle includes a main housing 1 and an auxiliary housing 2. The main housing 1 and the auxiliary housing 2 are connected by bolts to form a symmetric structure in a rectangular shape. Moreover, support blocks 3 are provided at the four corners of two opposite sides of the saddle. When this mechanism is in use, it is supported and positioned in the cross beam of the symmetric structure in a rectangular shape through the support blocks 3. Compared with the side-mounted structure, the probability of the offset of the spindle center can be reduced, ensuring the machining accuracy.

[0025] Follower grooves 10 are provided on both sides of the ram 4, and a follower plate 8 is provided in the inner cavity of the follower groove 10. Limiting holes are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the follower groove 10. A limiting block 12 is movably connected in the inner cavity of the limiting hole. The limiting block 12 is fixedly connected to the follower plate 8. Through the setting of the limiting block 12, the follower plate 8 can be driven to move when the ram 4 moves. The bottom of the follower plate 8 is at the same height as the bottom of the ram 4, so as to avoid the follower plate 8 from restricting the mechanism and facilitate the fixing of the main shaft on the ram 4.

[0026] Vacuum suction cups 13 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the saddle, and the vacuum suction cups 13 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main shell 1. A vacuum tube 7 is fixed on one side of the main shell 1. One end of the vacuum tube 7 is located outside the main shell 1, and the other end of the vacuum tube 7 is fixedly connected to the vacuum suction cup 13. The follower plate 8 contacts the vacuum suction cup 13. Through the setting of the vacuum suction cup 13, when the vacuum suction cup 13 is externally connected to the vacuum pump in the prior art, the operation of the vacuum pump can make the follower plate 8 and the vacuum suction cup 13 negatively connected. At this time, the follower plate 8 can limit the ram 4, reduce the probability of deformation of the ram 4 during cutting, and ensure the accuracy and stability of the five-axis machine tool during processing. The specification of the vacuum pump can be xd-040.

[0027] A supporting structure is provided at the bottom of the saddle, and the supporting structure includes a hydraulic telescopic rod 14 fixedly connected to the bottom of the saddle and a support frame 5 fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydraulic telescopic rod 14. The support frame 5 contacts the bottom of the ram 4, and a groove is provided at the bottom of the ram 4. The support frame 5 is located in the inner cavity of the groove, and the bottom of the support frame 5 is at the same height as the bottom of the ram 4. Through the setting of the hydraulic telescopic rod 14, the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic rod 14 can change the position of the support frame 5 fixedly connected thereto. When the mechanism is in use, the support frame 5 can support the ram 4, reduce the influence of the ram 4 and its connecting structure on the connection between the screw 6 and the ram 4 under the action of gravity, and reduce the probability of the ram 4 being deformed due to the gravity of the main shaft.

[0028] Wiping pads 9 are fixed on the top and bottom of the saddle, and the wiping pads 9 are in contact with the slide 4. Through the setting of the wiping pads 9, when the slide 4 moves, the wiping pads 9 can wipe off impurities adhering to the surface of the slide 4, thereby reducing the friction between the slide 4 and the saddle and facilitating the movement of the slide 4.

[0029] To sum up: when the saddle and ram mechanism of the five-axis machine tool is in use, the staff uses linear guides to fix the saddle and ram mechanism in the inner cavity of the crossbeam of the five-axis machine tool, and the crossbeam of the five-axis machine tool is an integrated U-shaped symmetrical structure, and the support block 3 is in an active connection with the crossbeam. The saddle and ram adopts a front and rear double-arm support structure, which can reduce the probability of spindle center deviation compared to the side-mounted structure, and the box-in-box symmetrical structure of the saddle and the crossbeam greatly reduces the change of the ram center caused by thermal deformation due to temperature changes in the workshop, and the saddle and ram also adopts a U-shaped symmetrical four-wire box-in-box structure, and the ram accuracy retention and seismic resistance are optimal, which further reduces the influence of temperature changes on spindle center deviation.

[0030] When the mechanism is in use, the motor of model CA6140 in the prior art can be used to drive the screw rod 6 to rotate. When the screw rod 6 rotates, the slide 4 moves in the direction of the screw rod 6, and the support frame 5 can support the slide 4 to reduce the probability of deformation of the slide 4. The follower plate 8 moves with the slide 4. When the spindle fixed on the slide 4 processes the workpiece, the vacuum pump of specification xd-040 connected to the vacuum suction cup 13 works. The working principle of the vacuum pump is the prior art and is not described here. When the vacuum pump is working, the vacuum suction cup 13 is negatively pressure-connected to the follower plate 8 to fix the position of the follower plate 8, so that the follower plate 8 can limit the slide 4, further reducing the probability of deformation of the slide 4 due to cutting force, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the five-axis machine tool during processing. The wiping pad 9 can wipe off impurities splashed onto the slide 4 during the five-axis machine tool processing, reduce the friction between the slide 4 and the saddle, and facilitate the slide 4 to slide in the inner cavity of the saddle.

[0031] The standard parts used in the utility model can be purchased from the market, and the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt the conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt the conventional models in the prior art and will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field. Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it can be understood by ordinary technicians in this field that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A saddle-ram mechanism for a five-axis machine tool, comprising a saddle and a ram (4), characterized in that: The saddle and the ram (4) adopt a symmetrical box-in-box structure in the shape of a Chinese character "U". The saddle is designed in two halves. The saddle comprises a main shell (1) and a secondary shell (2). The main shell (1) and the secondary shell (2) are connected by bolts to form a symmetrical structure in the shape of a Chinese character "U". Support blocks (3) are provided at the four corners of both sides of the saddle. The inner cavity of the saddle is connected to the ram (4) via a screw rod (6). Both sides of the ram (4) are movably connected to a follower plate (8). Both sides of the bottom end of the saddle are fixed with a vacuum suction cup (13). The follower plate (8) is in contact with the vacuum suction cup (13). The bottom of the saddle is provided with a support structure. The support structure comprises a hydraulic telescopic rod (14) fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide saddle and a support frame (5) fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydraulic telescopic rod (14), and the support frame (5) is in contact with the bottom of the slide bolster (4).

2. The saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the ram (4) is provided with a groove, the support frame (5) is located in the inner cavity of the groove, and the bottom of the support frame (5) is at the same height as the bottom of the ram (4).

3. The saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum suction cup (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main shell (1); a vacuum tube (7) is fixed to one side of the main shell (1); one end of the vacuum tube (7) is located outside the main shell (1); and the other end of the vacuum tube (7) is fixedly connected to the vacuum suction cup (13).

4. The saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the ram (4) are provided with follower grooves (10), the follower plate (8) is located in the inner cavity of the follower groove, and both sides of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the follower groove (10) are provided with limit holes, and the inner cavity of the limit hole is movably connected with a limit block (12), the limit block (12) is fixedly connected to the follower plate (8), and the bottom of the follower plate (8) is at the same height as the bottom of the ram (4).

5. The saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ram (4) is a hollow structure, and reinforcing rib plates (11) are evenly fixed in the inner cavity of the ram (4).

6. The saddle and ram mechanism of a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wiping pad (9) is fixed to the top and bottom of the saddle, and the wiping pad (9) is in contact with the ram (4).

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