Axial dust collection integrated electric spindle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an axial dust collection integrated motorized spindle which comprises a motorized spindle body, the motorized spindle body is provided with a dust collection structure, a fan structure and an automatic tool changing structure, the fan structure comprises a brushless motor and a centrifugal blade assembly, the brushless motor drives the centrifugal blade assembly to rotate to form airflow, and wood chips and dust are sucked and discharged from the dust collection structure; the automatic tool changing structure comprises a lifting air cylinder, the dust collection structure comprises a dust collection cover, and the lifting air cylinder drives the dust collection cover to move axially when the motorized spindle changes tools. The motorized spindle integrates dust collection, cooling and automatic tool changing functions, and the problems that in the prior art, the dust collection effect is poor, energy consumption is high, the occupied space is large, and cost is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric spindle technology, and in particular to an axial dust extraction integrated electric spindle. Background Technology

[0002] In modern machining, especially in CNC machine tools and precision machining, electric spindles, as high-precision mechatronic devices integrating motors and spindles, have become an indispensable component. With technological advancements, the functions of electric spindles have gradually expanded, particularly in woodworking engraving machines, where air-cooled electric spindles have gradually replaced traditional cooling methods. Air-cooled electric spindles integrate a fan inside the spindle, generating axial airflow during operation to remove heat from the motor surface, effectively cooling the motor. However, despite the good performance of existing air-cooled electric spindle technology in motor cooling, the woodworking engraving machine field still faces a series of unresolved problems. In particular, the generation of sawdust and dust during processing is unavoidable. This sawdust and dust not only affects the surface quality of the workpiece, potentially causing scratches and breakage, but also adversely impacts machining accuracy and tool life. Especially fine sawdust and dust, when exposed to air for extended periods, pose health risks to operators. While traditional dust extraction devices can solve some dust problems, they still have significant shortcomings in terms of efficiency and convenience.

[0003] Existing air-cooled electric spindles typically require a separate dust collection hood, which is usually connected to an external negative pressure fan via a flexible hose. While this structure can accomplish some dust collection tasks, it has several drawbacks. First, the connection between the dust collection hood and the processing area requires a long flexible hose, and the pressure loss caused by the long pipe leads to poor dust collection. Second, the overall efficiency of the vacuum cleaner is low, requiring a high-powered fan to ensure effective dust collection. This not only increases energy consumption but also occupies a significant amount of equipment space, reducing space utilization. Furthermore, the separate vacuum cleaner configuration greatly increases the material and production costs of the equipment.

[0004] Furthermore, although some electric spindles currently use axial flow fans connected to the motor spindle to remove sawdust and dust generated during machining via axial airflow when the spindle is running, the rear-mounted cylinder design of automatic tool changer spindles makes it impossible to obtain suitable assembly space for the axial flow fans. This prevents the axial flow fans from being implemented on automatic tool changer spindles. Additionally, the synchronous rotation of the axial flow fans with the motor spindle limits their speed, making it impossible to adjust the fan speed according to different working conditions. Moreover, the fans can only be activated when the spindle is running, meaning that dust cannot be cleaned from the worktable when the spindle is not in operation. Furthermore, the operation of the axial flow fans consumes the rated torque of the motor, affecting the spindle's power output. The high manufacturing precision required increases the product's manufacturing cost, and at high speeds, they are prone to significant vibration and noise, thus affecting machining accuracy and production efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies need a further improved solution to increase dust collection efficiency, reduce energy consumption, reduce space occupation, while being compatible with automatic blade changing functions and solving the vibration and noise problems in existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an axial suction integrated electric spindle. This electric spindle effectively solves the problems of poor suction effect, high energy consumption, large space occupation, and high cost of existing air-cooled electric spindles, while also being compatible with automatic tool changing functionality. Specifically, this invention aims to improve the combination of the suction structure and the automatic tool changing structure, optimize the fan structure, increase suction efficiency, reduce energy consumption, reduce equipment space occupation, and effectively reduce vibration and noise, thereby meeting the high-efficiency working requirements under different operating conditions.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: an axial dust-collecting integrated electric spindle, including an electric spindle, the electric spindle is provided with a dust-collecting structure, a fan structure, and an automatic tool changing structure. The fan structure includes a brushless motor and a centrifugal blade assembly. The brushless motor drives the centrifugal blade assembly to rotate and form an airflow, which sucks in wood chips and dust from the dust-collecting structure and discharges them. The automatic tool changing structure includes a lifting cylinder, and the dust-collecting structure includes a dust-collecting hood. The lifting cylinder is used to drive the dust-collecting hood to move axially when the electric spindle changes tools.

[0008] Furthermore, the dust collection structure also includes a corrugated hose, a guide hood, a housing, an air duct, a fan hood, and a rectifier hood. The corrugated hose is connected to the dust collection hood, the guide hood is disposed between the dust collection hood and the air duct, the air duct is machined on the housing, and the rectifier hood is disposed at the end of the electric spindle to receive the high-speed airflow agitated by the centrifugal blade assembly and to discharge the airflow mixed with wood chips and dust.

[0009] Furthermore, when the electric spindle performs automatic tool change, the lifting cylinder retracts axially from the dust collection hood. After the electric spindle reaches the predetermined tool change position, the cylinder extends to release the tool holder. After the tool change is completed, the cylinder retracts and re-clamps the tool holder, the lifting cylinder extends axially from the dust collection hood, and the electric spindle returns to the machining position.

[0010] Furthermore, the centrifugal blade assembly can be a centrifugal moving blade and a centrifugal stationary blade. The centrifugal moving blade is driven by a brushless motor to generate high-speed airflow, and the centrifugal stationary blade is used for diffusion and rectification of airflow.

[0011] Furthermore, the brushless motor is independently controlled to start and stop by the drive system according to the working state of the electric spindle.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] This invention effectively improves the dust collection effect: by integrating a brushless motor and centrifugal blade assembly into the electric spindle, a strong airflow can be generated to suck in wood chips and dust from the dust collection hood and effectively discharge them, ensuring efficient cleaning of wood chips and dust during the processing.

[0014] This invention reduces energy consumption: it adopts an independently controlled brushless motor, which can independently control the start and stop according to the working status of the electric spindle. It can adjust the speed according to the actual working conditions, avoiding the high energy consumption of traditional vacuum cleaners, improving overall efficiency and reducing energy waste.

[0015] This invention saves space: by integrating the vacuuming function with the electric spindle structure, it avoids the space occupied by a separate vacuum cleaner and a long hose, making the equipment more compact and effectively utilizing the space inside the machine tool.

[0016] This invention reduces production costs: since additional vacuum cleaners and long hoses are no longer needed, equipment material costs and assembly costs are reduced, thereby lowering the overall production cost of the machine.

[0017] This invention improves the compatibility of the automatic tool change function: the connection design between the lifting cylinder and the dust collection hood ensures that the dust collection hood can move axially during the automatic tool change process, so as not to affect the dust collection function during tool change, and ensures the efficient collaborative work of the two.

[0018] This invention reduces vibration and noise: by optimizing the design of the fan and centrifugal blades, it reduces vibration and noise at the same rotational speed as traditional axial flow fan blades, ensuring processing accuracy and improving the comfort of the working environment.

[0019] This invention improves the working efficiency of the equipment: by closely integrating the dust collection function with the electric spindle, the cleaning of wood chips and dust can be carried out simultaneously with the spindle processing, avoiding the tedious steps that previously required manual cleaning and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the structure of the axial dust collection integrated electric spindle of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of another embodiment of the axial dust-collecting integrated electric spindle of this utility model;

[0022] In the diagram: 1-Dust hood; 2-Waveform hose; 3-Guide hood; 4-Lifting cylinder; 5-Casing; 6-Air duct; 7-Cylinder; 8-Fan hood; 9-Centrifugal stationary blade; 10-Brushless motor; 11-Centrifugal moving blade; 12-Rectifier hood; 13-Centrifugal fixed blade; 14-Fan. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is an exploded view of the axial dust extraction integrated electric spindle of this invention, illustrating the various components of the electric spindle and their interconnections. This electric spindle includes a dust extraction structure, a fan structure, and an automatic tool changer; these three components work together to ensure excellent dust extraction and cooling during efficient machining.

[0025] In this embodiment, the dust hood 1 is located at the front end of the electric spindle and is used to collect sawdust and dust generated during processing. In actual production, an independent blowing device can also be configured, which can blow fine sawdust and particles from the worktable to ensure these particles are sucked in promptly. The sucked-in air, along with the sawdust and dust, flows to the air duct 6 through the corrugated hose 2. To improve dust collection efficiency, a guide hood 3 is placed between the dust hood 1 and the air duct 6 to guide the airflow and reduce pressure loss. The fan structure consists of a centrifugal moving blade 11, a centrifugal stationary blade 9, and a brushless motor 10. The brushless motor drives the centrifugal moving blade 11 to rotate, generating a strong airflow that sucks the sawdust and dust into the dust hood 1. The housing 5 has an air duct 6 machined on it. After passing through the air duct 6, the airflow is further diffused and rectified by the centrifugal stationary blade 9, and finally, the airflow carrying sawdust and dust is discharged through the rectifier hood 12. The end of the rectifier hood 12 delivers the airflow to an external dust bag through a hose, thus completing the dust collection process. Both the shroud 12 and the fan shroud 8 are provided with holes to eliminate noise at specific frequencies. In addition, the start and stop of the brushless motor 10 are not controlled by the electric spindle motor, but by an independent driver. This driver can be built into the motor or placed outside the electric spindle housing 5, ensuring that the brushless motor can be flexibly adjusted according to the working state, without being directly affected by the start and stop of the electric spindle motor.

[0026] Furthermore, the automatic tool changer in the diagram includes a lifting cylinder 4 and a cylinder 7. When the electric spindle performs an automatic tool change, the lifting cylinder 4 drives the dust collection hood 1 to retract axially. After the electric spindle reaches the predetermined tool change position, the cylinder 7 extends to release the tool holder. After the tool change is completed, the cylinder 7 retracts and re-clamps the tool holder, the lifting cylinder 4 connects to the dust collection hood 1 and extends axially, and the electric spindle returns to the machining position. This ensures that the dust collection hood 1 can work synchronously with the tool change action of the electric spindle during tool change, without affecting the dust collection effect.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, in another embodiment of this utility model, in Figure 1 The difference between this implementation method and the previous one lies in the change of the fan structure. Figure 1 The centrifugal moving blade 11 and centrifugal stationary blade 9 used in the embodiments are different in combination. Figure 2 This embodiment employs a combination of centrifugal stator 13 and fan 14. The fan consists of a brushless motor 10 and centrifugal fan blades 11. The brushless motor drives the centrifugal fan blades to rotate, generating a strong airflow. The airflow carries away the wood chips and dust drawn in by the dust hood 1, and finally discharges them through the air duct 6 and the rectifier hood 12. The centrifugal stator 13 stabilizes the airflow, helping to improve airflow efficiency, thus making the entire dust collection process more efficient. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the rectifier hood 12 and the fan hood 8 have no openings to eliminate noise at specific frequencies, adapting to different working environments.

[0028] It should be noted that in actual production, the number of fans can be adjusted according to actual usage needs. There can be one, two, or more fans to meet the dust collection requirements under different working conditions. In the case of multiple fans, they can be connected in parallel or series to optimize airflow organization and improve dust collection efficiency and wind pressure stability. The number and arrangement of the fans do not affect the basic working principle of this utility model and remain within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0029] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it. They should not be used to limit the protection scope of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An axial suction integrated electric spindle, comprising an electric spindle, characterized in that: The electric spindle is equipped with a dust collection structure, a fan structure, and an automatic tool changer. The fan structure includes a brushless motor and a centrifugal blade assembly. The brushless motor drives the centrifugal blade assembly to rotate and generate airflow, which draws in wood chips and dust from the dust collection structure and discharges them. The automatic tool changer includes a lifting cylinder, and the dust collection structure includes a dust collection hood. The lifting cylinder drives the dust collection hood to move axially when the electric spindle changes tools.

2. The axial dust collection integrated electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection structure also includes a corrugated hose, a guide hood, a housing, an air duct, a fan hood, and a rectifier hood. The corrugated hose is connected to the dust collection hood, the guide hood is located between the dust collection hood and the air duct, and the air duct is machined on the housing. The rectifier hood is located at the end of the electric spindle, receives the high-speed airflow agitated by the centrifugal blade assembly, and discharges the airflow mixed with wood chips and dust.

3. The axial dust collection integrated electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic tool changer also includes a cylinder. When the electric spindle performs automatic tool change, the lifting cylinder is connected to the dust collection hood and retracts axially. After the electric spindle reaches the predetermined tool change position, the cylinder extends to release the tool holder. After the tool change is completed, the cylinder retracts and re-clamps the tool holder. The lifting cylinder is connected to the dust collection hood and extends axially, and the electric spindle returns to the machining position.

4. The axial dust collection integrated electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifugal blade assembly can be a centrifugal moving blade and a centrifugal stationary blade. The centrifugal moving blade is driven by a brushless motor to generate high-speed airflow, and the centrifugal stationary blade is used for diffusion and rectification of airflow.

5. The axial dust collection integrated electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor is started and stopped independently by the drive system according to the working status of the electric spindle.

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