Anti-grading silo based on pneumatic valve

Abstract

An anti-grading silo based on pneumatic valves comprises a silo body, a silo top and an anti-grading feeding system. The silo top is of a steel-concrete structure or a steel frame film-covered structure; a main feeding hole is formed in the central position of the bin top; the feeding system comprises an equipment platform, a blanking hopper, an articulated chute, a distribution bin and a plurality of chutes; a through hole is formed in the equipment platform, the articulated chute penetrates through the through hole, and the blanking hopper is connected to the upper end of the articulated chute; the material distribution bin is connected to the lower end of the articulated chute; the main feeding port is circular, an annular groove is formed in the edge of the main feeding port, and an opening of the annular groove faces upwards; an annular rib is arranged on the bottom surface of the equipment platform; the equipment platform covers the main feeding hole; a branch bin bracket is connected in the hollow part of the main feeding hole, and the two ends of the branch bin bracket are respectively connected with the side wall of the annular groove; the top of the material distribution bin is connected to the material distribution bin bracket; each material distribution outlet of the material distribution bin is connected with a chute; a plurality of blanking ports are formed in the bottom surface of the chute along the axis direction of the chute; and pneumatic valves are mounted at all the material distribution outlets and all the material falling openings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of grain machinery, in particular to an anti-grading silo based on a pneumatic valve. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, grain grading is a very common phenomenon in grain storage. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the feed port of the grain silo is usually located at the top. During the feeding process, the grain will accumulate into a cone shape, and the subsequent feeding will slide from the top of the cone to the bottom of the cone. During the sliding process of the grain, the smaller particles are distributed at the bottom of the cone, close to the side wall of the silo, and the more complete particles are mostly concentrated at a position far away from the side wall of the silo.

[0003] In previous studies, the main ideas for solving this problem are: using a rotating chute to spread the grain from the material drop port on the grain loading surface (such as the "silo rotary anti-grading drop device" with announcement number CN211393103U); using multiple evenly distributed chutes to spread the grain on the grain loading surface (such as the "unpowered automatic material distribution anti-grading device" with announcement number CN210537566U). These drop devices require adding more structural parts to the drop mechanism, such as ring rails + trolleys, multiple chutes, etc., and the overall structure weight is very large. The silo roof of a large-diameter silo is generally a cone-shell silo roof structure. These newly added structural parts are mainly connected to the silo roof, and the main function of the silo roof is rainproof and sealing. Generally, it does not have the bearing function of other structures. Its structural strength is not large, but the requirements for airtightness and waterproofness are high. The additional structural weight of the drop device due to the anti-grading function is applied to the silo roof, and the silo roof structure is prone to deformation, which in turn affects the original design of the airtight and waterproof structure of the silo roof.

[0004] Therefore, in actual use, in order to reduce the force exerted by the blanking device and the material on the silo top when entering the silo, the anti-grading structure of the blanking device can only be simplified to reduce its structural weight, and at the same time, the silo flow rate can be reduced during the silo operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model proposes a new anti-grading silo based on a pneumatic valve, comprising a silo body, a silo roof and an anti-grading feeding system; the silo roof is connected to the upper part of the silo body, and the feeding system is connected to the silo roof through a feeding system connecting mechanism;

[0006] The silo roof is a steel-concrete structure or a steel frame covered structure (a stainless steel membrane plate is installed outside the framework formed by the steel frame, and an insulation layer can also be attached to the inside of the membrane plate, etc.).

[0007] Through these two structures, the structural strength of the silo roof is greatly improved. Especially in the steel-concrete structure and steel frame membrane structure, the skeleton made of steel bars or steel pipes / profiles can be pre-processed with connection structures for installing the feeding system, etc., so that these auxiliary structures can be reliably connected to the silo roof.

[0008] A main feed port for connecting to the drop port of a belt conveyor (belt conveyor or air cushion conveyor) is provided in the center of the silo roof.

[0009] Large silos are mainly used for large-scale grain storage warehouses. In the warehouse area, grain is transported in and out of the warehouse through a centralized conveying system composed of large ordinary belt conveyors or air cushion conveyors. The feeding port of the conveyor is above the feeding port on the top of the silo, and the grain falls into the silo by its own gravity. In this way, hoppers, valves, etc. need to be built at the feeding port of the silo. The weight of these structures is applied to the top of the silo, which places higher requirements on the structural strength of the silo top.

[0010] The feeding system includes an equipment platform, a material discharge hopper, a chute, a distribution bin and multiple chutes; the distribution bin has multiple distribution outlets, each of which is connected to a chute; the main body of the chute is connected to the bin top through a connector; the bottom surface of the chute is provided with multiple material discharge ports along the axial direction of the chute; each distribution outlet and each material discharge port is installed with a pneumatic valve.

[0011] The material is discharged from multiple chutes through the sub-bin, which reduces the grain classification problem caused by the concentration of discharge points. And the discharge amount can be adjusted by the pneumatic valve switch in this process.

[0012] A through hole is opened on the equipment platform, a chute passes through the through hole, a drop hopper is connected to the upper end of the chute and is above the equipment platform; a distribution bin is connected to the lower end of the chute and is below the equipment platform.

[0013] An equipment platform is used to install the chute and support the equipment above the chute (such as the material delivery mechanism of the conveyor above the silo, etc.), which structurally separates the external equipment from the equipment inside the silo to facilitate separate maintenance and design of sealing mechanisms.

[0014] The main feed inlet is circular, and an annular groove is built on the edge of the main feed inlet, with the opening of the annular groove facing upward; the bottom surface of the equipment platform has an annular ridge; the equipment platform covers the main feed inlet, the annular ridge is embedded in the annular groove, and the space between the annular ridge and the annular groove is filled with sealing material.

[0015] Through the specific ring groove sealing connection structure, the equipment platform is also used as the "cover" of the warehouse roof to achieve better rain protection effect. In particular, the bottom surface of the equipment platform has a ring ridge on the inner side of the edge of the equipment platform. Even if it rains, the rainwater forms a rain eaves structure on the edge of the equipment platform instead of flowing into the ring groove.

[0016] A distribution bin bracket is connected in the hollow of the main feed port, and both ends of the distribution bin bracket are respectively connected to the side walls of the annular groove; the top of the distribution bin is connected to the distribution bin bracket.

[0017] Under this structure, the force exerted on the distribution silo is on the silo roof rather than on the equipment platform, which reduces the structural strength requirements of the equipment platform and the possibility of poor sealing caused by deformation of the equipment platform.

[0018] Furthermore, the chute is composed of multiple short chute sections that are detachably connected in sequence; each short chute section has a connecting piece connected to the top of the bin; and a material drop opening is opened on the bottom surface of each short chute section. The pneumatic valve installed on the material drop opening is a switchable door on the material drop opening, and the door is connected to the short chute body through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to a piston rod of a cylinder.

[0019] Specifically, each section of the short chute can be connected by a flange structure. By splicing multiple sections of short chutes, the construction and maintenance difficulties are reduced, and it can be applied to silos with various inner diameters. Each section of the short chute is connected to the reserved connection structure on the silo top through a connector (such as a steel lock), which disperses the force of the chute on the silo top.

[0020] Furthermore, the pneumatic valve installed on the material distribution outlet is a switchable door on the material distribution outlet, the door is connected to the material distribution bin through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the door of the material distribution bin is connected to the piston rod of a cylinder.

[0021] The material discharge port and material distribution outlet of the short chute are equipped with closable doors, which are convenient for adjusting the opening and closing of each material distribution outlet according to the flatness of the material surface.

[0022] Using pneumatic opening and closing doors instead of electric opening and closing doors reduces fire hazards, because electric devices may generate electric sparks when working, and the grain dust concentration in the silo is high, which poses a risk of explosion.

[0023] Furthermore, the end of the chute is connected to a short terminal chute, and a feeding port is provided at the end of the short terminal chute. The end face of the feeding port forms an acute angle with the horizontal plane, and a switchable door panel is connected to the end face of the feeding port. The top edge of the door panel is connected to the short terminal chute through a rotating shaft, and the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane. The door panel freely covers the end face of the feeding port by its own gravity.

[0024] The door at the end of the chute uses its own gravity switch. The grain flow in the chute impacts the door, causing it to open, and the grain flow can be controlled by the door switch on the short chute.

[0025] Furthermore, a sealing structure is provided between the slide pipe and the through hole of the equipment platform.

[0026] The first structure: a support bin with a belt conveyor drop port is connected above the equipment platform; the upper end of the chute is in the support bin; the main body of the drop hopper is connected to the top of the support bin, and the upper end of the drop hopper is above the top of the support bin.

[0027] This structure is mainly suitable for large-scale ordinary belt conveyors, which have one discharge port and directly enter the chute through the drop hopper. The support bin is mainly used to support the structure of the belt conveyor discharge port, such as the roller motor, head structure, etc. The support bin also plays a role in rain protection for the chute.

[0028] The second structure: there are two chutes, and the through holes on the equipment platform and the drop hopper each have two corresponding ones; each chute passes through a through hole, and the upper end of each chute is connected to a drop hopper; the lower ends of the two chute pipes are connected to the distribution bin through a three-way pipe.

[0029] The structure is mainly suitable for air cushion conveyors. The conveyors can have discharge ports on both sides of the main body. The two discharge ports are connected to the chute through the drop of materials.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can realize the anti-grading of large-flow falling materials, and is specially designed in terms of silo sealing and adaptation to large-scale conveying equipment, thereby meeting the requirements of large-scale silos. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1;

[0032] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 2;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the platform part of the equipment;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the chute;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the components of a short chute (open / closed);

[0036] Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the sub-silo;

[0037] In the figure: silo body 1, silo roof 2, main feed port 3, equipment platform 4, drop hopper 5, chute 6, distribution silo 7, chute 8, annular groove 9, annular ridge 10, sealing material 11, distribution silo bracket 12, distribution outlet 13, connecting piece 14, drop port 15, short chute 16, door 17, cylinder 18, piston rod 19, end short chute 20, door panel 21, sealing structure 22, belt conveyor 23, support silo 24, air cushion conveyor 25, three-way pipe 26. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 to Figure 3 A new anti-classification silo based on a pneumatic valve comprises a silo body 1, a silo roof 2 and an anti-classification feeding system; the silo roof is connected to the upper part of the silo body, and the feeding system is connected to the silo roof through a feeding system connecting mechanism;

[0040] The silo roof is a steel-concrete structure or a steel frame membrane structure;

[0041] A main feed port 3 for connecting to a belt conveyor feed port is provided at the center of the silo top 1;

[0042] The feeding system includes an equipment platform 4, a material drop hopper 5, a chute 6, a material distribution bin 7 and a plurality of chutes 8; a through hole is opened on the equipment platform, the chute 6 passes through the through hole, the material drop hopper 5 is connected to the upper end of the chute and is above the equipment platform; the material distribution bin 7 is connected to the lower end of the chute and is below the equipment platform;

[0043] The main feed inlet 3 is circular, and an annular groove 8 is built on the edge of the main feed inlet, and the opening of the annular groove faces upward; the bottom surface of the equipment platform 3 has an annular ridge 10; the equipment platform covers the main feed inlet, the annular ridge is embedded in the annular groove, and the space between the annular ridge and the annular groove is filled with sealing material 11 (may be masonry glue);

[0044] A material bin support 12 is connected to the hollow of the main feed port, and both ends of the material bin support are connected to the side walls of the annular groove respectively; the top of the material bin 7 is connected to the material bin support 12;

[0045] The material distribution bin 7 has a plurality of material distribution outlets 13, each of which is connected to a chute 8; the main body of the chute 8 is connected to the bin top 2 through a connector 14; and a plurality of material drop openings 15 are formed on the bottom surface of the chute along the axial direction of the chute.

[0046] Further references Figure 4-5 :

[0047] The chute is composed of multiple short chute sections 16 which are detachably connected in sequence; each short chute section has a connecting piece 14 connected to the top of the bin; a material drop opening 15 is opened on the bottom surface of each short chute section, and a door 17 which can be opened and closed is provided on the material drop opening. The door of the short chute is connected to the main body of the short chute through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to a piston rod 19 of a cylinder 18.

[0048] The end of the chute is also connected to a terminal short chute 20, and a blanking port 15 is opened at the end of the terminal short chute. The end face of the blanking port forms an acute angle with the horizontal plane, and a switchable door panel 21 is connected to the end face of the blanking port. The top edge of the door panel is connected to the terminal short chute through a rotating shaft, and the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane. The door panel freely covers the end face of the blanking port by its own gravity.

[0049] Further references Figure 6 :

[0050] Each material distribution outlet 13 of the material distribution bin 7 is connected with a switchable door 17. The door of the material distribution bin is connected to the material distribution bin through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the door of the material distribution bin is connected to a piston rod 19 of a cylinder 18.

[0051] There is a sealing structure 22 between the slide pipe and the through hole of the equipment platform (generally, a sealing rubber ring can meet the requirements).

[0052] Further references Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the first embodiment, a support bin 24 with a material drop opening of a belt conveyor 23 is connected above the equipment platform; the upper end of the chute 6 is in the support bin; the main body of the drop hopper 5 is connected to the top of the support bin, and the upper end of the drop hopper is above the top of the support bin.

[0053] Further references Figure 2 In the second embodiment, there are two chutes 6, and the through hole of the equipment platform and the drop hopper each have two corresponding ones; each chute passes through a through hole, and the upper end of each chute is connected to a drop hopper 5; the lower ends of the two chute pipes are connected to the distribution bin 7 through a three-way pipe 26.

[0054] During project implementation:

[0055] The material distribution bin support is made of channel steel or I-beam.

[0056] If the silo roof is a steel-concrete structure, a connecting steel plate for connecting the distribution silo bracket is pre-buried in the annular groove position.

[0057] If the silo roof is a steel frame covered structure (the steel frame forms a skeleton, and the steel membrane plate is covered on the skeleton); the distribution silo bracket is connected to the steel frame at the position of the annular groove.

[0058] The equipment platform is made of steel plates or steel-concrete structures.

[0059] This set of silos is suitable for the working condition of inflow flow = 300t / h. This set of anti-grading silos is mainly used for storing bulk goods such as soybeans and corn.

[0060] This set of anti-grading silo realizes the grain entry operation by opening and closing the doors of the material bin and the material outlet. Multiple scattered drop-out ports form drop-out points on the grain surface. By changing the drop-out sequence and the drop-out amount, the impurity gathering area is spatially distributed to prevent grading, effectively improve the ventilation performance of the grain pile, eliminate the large-scale heating and compaction of the grain pile, improve the grain storage quality, and at the same time improve the safety of grain out-of-warehouse operations.

[0061] During installation and construction, each chute is arranged at an angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal direction. Each chute is suspended on the top of the silo by a hanger or a steel cable. The spiral buckles of the hanger or the steel cable make the chute branches smoothly connected without bending or twisting, and the bottom surface of the chute is in the same plane.

Claims

1. An anti-grading silo based on a pneumatic valve, comprising a silo body, a silo roof and an anti-grading feeding system; the silo roof is connected to the upper part of the silo body, and the feeding system is connected to the silo roof through a feeding system connecting mechanism; Its characteristics are The silo roof is a steel-concrete structure or a steel frame membrane structure; A main feed port for connecting to the belt conveyor drop port is opened in the center of the silo roof; The feeding system includes an equipment platform, a material drop hopper, a chute, a material distribution bin and a plurality of chutes; a through hole is opened on the equipment platform, the chute passes through the through hole, the material drop hopper is connected to the upper end of the chute and is above the equipment platform; the material distribution bin is connected to the lower end of the chute and is below the equipment platform; The main feed inlet is circular, and an annular groove is built on the edge of the main feed inlet, and the opening of the annular groove faces upward; the bottom surface of the equipment platform has an annular convex ridge; the equipment platform covers the main feed inlet, the annular convex ridge is embedded in the annular groove, and the space between the annular convex ridge and the annular groove is filled with sealing material; A material distribution bin support is connected in the hollow of the main feed port, and both ends of the material distribution bin support are respectively connected to the side walls of the annular groove; the top of the material distribution bin is connected to the material distribution bin support; The material distribution bin has multiple material distribution outlets, each of which is connected to a chute; the main body of the chute is connected to the bin top through a connector; the bottom surface of the chute is provided with multiple material drop openings along the axial direction of the chute; each material distribution outlet and each material drop opening is installed with a pneumatic valve.

2. The anti-classification silo based on pneumatic valve according to claim 1 is characterized by The chute is composed of multiple short chute sections that are detachably connected in sequence; each short chute section has a connecting piece connected to the top of the silo; and a material drop opening is provided on the bottom surface of each short chute section; The pneumatic valve installed on the blanking port is a switchable door on the blanking port. The door is connected to the short chute body through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the piston rod of a cylinder.

3. The anti-classification silo based on pneumatic valve according to claim 1 is characterized by The pneumatic valve installed on the material distribution outlet is a door on the material distribution outlet that can be opened and closed. The door is connected to the material distribution bin through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the door of the material distribution bin is connected to the piston rod of a cylinder.

4. The pneumatic valve-based anti-grading silo according to claim 1 is characterized by The end of the chute is also connected to a terminal short chute, and a blanking port is opened at the end of the terminal short chute. The end face of the blanking port forms an acute angle with the horizontal plane, and a switchable door panel is connected to the end face of the blanking port. The top edge of the door panel is connected to the terminal short chute through a rotating shaft, and the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane. The door panel relies on its own gravity to freely cover the end face of the blanking port.

5. The pneumatic valve-based anti-grading silo according to claim 1 is characterized by There is a sealing structure between the slide pipe and the through hole of the equipment platform.

6. The pneumatic valve-based anti-grading silo according to claim 1 is characterized by A support bin of a belt conveyor drop port is connected above the equipment platform; the upper end of the chute is in the support bin; the main body of the drop hopper is connected to the top of the support bin, and the upper end of the drop hopper is above the top of the support bin.

7. The pneumatic valve-based anti-grading silo according to claim 1 is characterized by There are two chutes, and the through holes on the equipment platform and the drop hopper each have two corresponding ones; each chute passes through a through hole, and the upper end of each chute is connected to a drop hopper; the lower ends of the two chute pipes are connected to the distribution bin through a three-way pipe.

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