Partition plate circular polarizer and transceiver all-in-one machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a separator circular polarizer and a transceiver, the separator circular polarizer comprises a square waveguide tube and a separator, the square waveguide tube is internally provided with a cavity used for transmitting electromagnetic energy, and a first end of the cavity forms a square waveguide; the partition plate is arranged in the cavity, seven steps or nine steps are arranged on the partition plate, the height of each step is gradually increased in the direction from the first end to the second end of the cavity, and the partition plate is used for partitioning the square waveguide to form two rectangular waveguides with the same size at the second end of the square waveguide tube. According to the partition plate circular polarizer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the feed source of the transceiver can adapt to the field to select left and right rotation directions, circularly polarized waves in different rotation directions are generated, new satellite communication requirements are met, and the technical problem that a traditional circular polarizer in the prior art can only generate circularly polarized waves in one rotation direction is solved. Moreover, the size of the clapboard circular polarizer provided by the embodiment is small, so that the whole transceiver is simpler and more compact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of feed sources, in particular to a partition circular polarizer and a transceiver integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of satellite communications, in order to adapt to more and more communication, monitoring, remote sensing and other application requirements, satellite communication antennas need to achieve dual polarization, such as vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, or left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization. Among them, circular polarizers are key components to achieve the above functions. Compared with other polarizers, the main feature of the partition polarizer is that it can simultaneously achieve the separation of left and right circular polarization without the need for an external orthogonal mode coupler, and the relatively wide bandwidth. Its electrical properties, such as axial ratio, port isolation, voltage standing wave ratio, insertion loss, power resistance, etc., are easy to meet the high requirements of technical indicators.

[0003] However, traditional circular polarizers can only generate circularly polarized waves with one rotation direction, which cannot meet the new satellite communication requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a partition circular polarizer and a transceiver integrated machine, which are used to solve the technical problem that the traditional circular polarizer in the prior art can only generate circular polarized waves of one rotation direction.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a baffle circular polarizer, comprising a square waveguide and a baffle:

[0006] A cavity for transmitting electromagnetic energy is arranged inside the square waveguide tube, and a first end of the cavity forms a square waveguide;

[0007] The partition is arranged in the cavity, and is used to separate the square waveguide to form two rectangular waveguides of the same size at the second end of the square waveguide tube, and seven steps or nine steps are arranged on the partition, and the height of each step increases successively from the first end to the second end of the cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the partition is centrally arranged at the second end of the square waveguide.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the partition is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0010] Preferably, when the number of steps is seven, the lengths of the first step to the seventh step are respectively: 2.05mm, 1.79mm, 3.84mm, 3.58mm, 3.33mm, 0.96mm and 1.23mm.

[0011] Preferably, the heights of the first step to the seventh step are 0.51 mm, 0.26 mm, 1.15 mm, 1.28 mm, 1.41 mm, 1.41 mm and 2.04 mm, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the main mode corresponding to the square waveguide is the TE10 mode, and the side length of the square waveguide corresponds to the working band of the partition circular polarizer.

[0013] Preferably, the operating band of the baffle circular polarizer is the Ka band, and the side length of the square waveguide is greater than 8.475 mm.

[0014] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a transceiver, comprising a circular waveguide and the baffle circular polarizer described in the first aspect, wherein the square waveguide is connected to the circular waveguide.

[0015] Preferably, the side length of the square waveguide is 9.42 mm, and the diameter of the circular waveguide is 12 mm or 11.5 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the side length of the square waveguide is 9.3 mm, and the diameter of the circular waveguide is 11.5 mm.

[0017] As described above, the utility model provides a baffle circular polarizer and a transceiver. The baffle circular polarizer provided in this embodiment enables the transceiver feed source to adapt to the selection of left and right rotation directions on site, generate circular polarized waves of different rotation directions, meet new satellite communication requirements, and solve the technical problem that the traditional circular polarizer in the prior art can only generate circular polarized waves of one rotation direction. In addition, the baffle circular polarizer provided in this embodiment is small in size, making the transceiver as a whole more concise and compact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The utility model provides a schematic structural diagram of a partition circular polarizer.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the dimensions of a baffle circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is one of the product schematic diagrams of a partition circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 The second product schematic diagram of a partition circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams of simulation results of a baffle circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0023] Figure 6The second schematic diagram of the simulation results of a partition circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0024] Figure 7 The third schematic diagram of the simulation results of a baffle circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a fourth schematic diagram of simulation results of a baffle circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0026] Fig. 9 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the simulation results of a baffle circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0027] Fig.10 The sixth schematic diagram of the simulation results of a baffle circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0028] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation results of a baffle circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0029] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the port phase difference simulation results of a partition circular polarizer provided by the utility model.

[0030] Fig.13 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a transceiver integrated machine provided by the present invention.

[0031] Fig.14 The utility model provides an exploded view of a transceiver integrated machine.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] Partition circular polarizer 1, square waveguide tube 2, partition 3, circular waveguide 4, transceiver 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical problems solved by the utility model, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model are further described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] The embodiment of the utility model provides a baffle circular polarizer 1, comprising a square waveguide 2 and a baffle 3.

[0038] A cavity for transmitting electromagnetic energy is arranged inside the square waveguide tube 2, and a first end of the cavity forms a square waveguide.

[0039] The partition circular polarizer 1 of this embodiment includes a square waveguide tube 2, wherein the square waveguide tube 2 is a hollow metal tube for transmitting electromagnetic energy, and a cavity for transmitting electromagnetic energy is arranged inside the square waveguide tube 2, and the cavity is usually made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity, such as copper or aluminum. A dielectric layer can also be arranged on the inner surface of the cavity, wherein the dielectric layer is used to prevent electromagnetic waves from reflecting on the surface of the inner conductor, and the dielectric layer is usually made of a material with a high dielectric constant, such as aluminum oxide or polyethylene. In this embodiment, the first end of the cavity forms a square waveguide, wherein the square waveguide refers to a waveguide with a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the cross-sectional dimensions (i.e., width and height) of the square waveguide and the frequency of the transmitted electromagnetic wave determine the transmission characteristics of the waveguide.

[0040] The partition 3 is arranged in the cavity, and is provided with seven steps or nine steps. The height of each step increases successively from the first end to the second end of the cavity. The partition 3 is used to separate the square waveguide to form two rectangular waveguides of the same size at the second end of the square waveguide tube 2.

[0041] In the present embodiment, a partition 3 is further provided in the cavity of the square waveguide tube 2, and the partition 3 is stepped. Specifically, the reason why the partition 3 adopts a stepped design is to achieve the generation of circularly polarized waves. By adjusting the length and height of the partition 3, the incident electromagnetic wave generates the required circularly polarized electromagnetic wave after passing through the entire partition 3. The partition 3 can divide the square waveguide into two parts, and generate two equal-amplitude orthogonal mode components TE10 mode and TE01 mode, forming two rectangular waveguides. The partition 3 can be regarded as a fin-shaped or ridge-shaped waveguide, and its propagation constant is related to the height and length of the steps of the partition 3. In the present embodiment, the number of steps of the partition 3 is set to seven steps or nine steps. For example, when the number of steps of the partition 3 is seven steps, the structural schematic diagram of the partition circular polarizer 1 is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 In actual use, the partition circular polarizer 1 provided in this embodiment can adapt to the on-site switching of left and right rotation directions of transmission and reception by rotating 180 degrees, thereby generating circularly polarized waves with different rotation directions.

[0042] On the basis of the above embodiment, the partition plate 3 is centrally arranged at the second end of the square waveguide 2 .

[0043] In this embodiment, the partition 3 is centrally arranged in the second end of the square waveguide tube 2, so that the partition circular polarizer 1 is arranged in a central symmetric manner as a whole, so as to ensure that the square waveguide is divided into two rectangular waveguides of the same size.

[0044] Based on the above embodiment, the thickness of the partition 3 is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0045] Generally speaking, the requirement for the thickness of the partition 3 is less than 0.6mm. The advantage of a thin partition 3 is that the insertion loss will be slightly smaller, but the mechanical strength and temperature resistance of the partition 3 will deteriorate, and it will be very easy to deform when encountering high temperature or during processing. Therefore, in this embodiment, the thickness of the partition 3 is thickened, and the thickness of the partition 3 is increased to 1mm to improve the mechanical strength and temperature resistance. However, the increase in the thickness of the partition 3 will inevitably cause changes in other performance indicators. Therefore, during the simulation of the partition circular polarizer 1, it is necessary to set the thickness of the partition 3 to 1mm, and change the size of the rest of the partition accordingly, so as to determine the better performance indicators of the partition circular polarizer 1, achieve the dual requirements for performance indicators and mechanical strength, and better apply it to actual engineering applications.

[0046] On the basis of the above embodiment, when the number of steps is seven, the lengths of the first step to the seventh step are 2.05mm, 1.79mm, 3.84mm, 3.58mm, 3.33mm, 0.96mm and 1.23mm, respectively. The seven steps are distributed from high to low. The lengths of the first step to the seventh step in the partition 3 are 0.51mm, 0.26mm, 1.15mm, 1.28mm, 1.41mm, 1.41mm and 2.04mm, respectively. The specific size structure is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0047] On the basis of the above embodiment, the main mode corresponding to the square waveguide is the TE10 mode, and the side length of the square waveguide corresponds to the working band of the partition circular polarizer 1.

[0048] In this embodiment, the main mode corresponding to the square waveguide is the TE10 mode. The main mode being the TE10 mode means that in the square waveguide, the main mode of electromagnetic wave propagation is the TE10 mode. Specifically, the TE10 mode is an electromagnetic field distribution mode in a rectangular waveguide, where "TE" stands for "transverse electric field", that is, the electric field component only exists on the cross section perpendicular to the waveguide propagation direction, while the magnetic field component exists in the waveguide propagation direction and the direction perpendicular to the waveguide cross section. The number "10" represents the number of half cycles of the electric field or magnetic field change in the x and y directions. Specifically, when at the cutoff frequency, the number of oscillations of the electric field or magnetic field in the x direction is 1, and the number of oscillations in the y direction is 0. The TE10 mode is the lowest mode in the square waveguide, also called the main mode, and has the lowest cutoff frequency. Because it can maintain low-loss transmission at the operating frequency, has a relatively wide bandwidth and high energy transmission efficiency, it is widely used in rectangular waveguide transmission lines. At the same cutoff frequency, the wide side size of the rectangular waveguide required to transmit the TE10 mode is the smallest, which helps save materials and reduce weight.

[0049] In addition, the side length of the square waveguide in this embodiment corresponds to the working band of the partition circular polarizer 1. The relationship between the side length of the square waveguide and its application and working band in the partition circular polarizer 1 mainly involves the cutoff frequency and transmission characteristics of the waveguide. Specifically, the side length of the square waveguide determines its cutoff frequency, which is the lowest frequency that the waveguide can transmit. When the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is lower than the cutoff frequency, the electromagnetic wave cannot propagate in the waveguide. For a square waveguide, its cutoff frequency is related to the size of the wide side and narrow side of the waveguide. For example, in the TE10 mode, the cutoff frequency is inversely proportional to the size of the wide side of the waveguide. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to select a suitable waveguide size (i.e., side length) according to the required working band. By adjusting the side length of the waveguide, its cutoff frequency and transmission characteristics can be controlled to meet the requirements of the partition circular polarizer 1 in the working frequency band. In one embodiment, the working band of the partition circular polarizer 1 is the Ka band, and the side length of the square waveguide is greater than 8.475 mm. Specifically, according to waveguide theory, a square waveguide with a side length of a works at the cutoff wavelength λ of the main mode TE10 c =2a, for the Ka band (17.7-21.2 / 27.5-31GHz), the corresponding operating wavelength is: 9.677<operating wavelength<16.95mm. Substituting into the above formula, we have

[0050] a≥0.5×(30017.7)mm=8.475mm.

[0051] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the square waveguide can be 9.42 mm. When the 1 mm partition 3 is centrally distributed, the 9.42 mm square waveguide is divided into two 9.42 x 4.21 mm rectangular waveguides, which correspond to the receiving and transmitting waveguides of the transceiver. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the partition circular polarizer product at different angles when it is applied to a transceiver.

[0052] In one embodiment, when the number of steps of the partition 3 of the partition circular polarizer 1 is 9, the simulation results of the partition circular polarizer 1 are as follows: Figure 5-10 As shown, after the partition circular polarizer 1 is actually measured, the test results of the receiving axis ratio of the lower port in different transmitting frequency bands are shown in the following Table 1.

[0053] Frequency GHz 27.5 28 29 29.5 30 30.5 31 Axis Ratio 1.05 1.05 1.08 0.81 0.96 0.86 0.89

[0054] Table 1

[0055] The test results of the receiving axis ratio of the lower port in different receiving frequency bands are shown in Table 2 below.

[0056] Frequency GHz 17.7 18.2 18.7 19.2 20.2 20.7 21.2 Axis Ratio 0.46 0.66 0.88 0.96 1.4 1.84 1.62

[0057] Table 2

[0058] Note: Due to misalignment and uneven rotation during open testing, the data in Tables 1 and 2 have been deducted for a test error of 0.15dB.

[0059] In another embodiment, when the number of steps of the partition 3 of the partition circular polarizer 1 is 7, after simulating the partition circular polarizer, the S parameter simulation result of the partition circular polarizer 1 is as follows: Fig.11 As shown in Figure 2, the port phase difference simulation results are as follows: Fig.12 shown.

[0060] As described above, the utility model provides a partition circular polarizer. The partition circular polarizer provided in this embodiment can make the feed source of the transceiver adapt to the selection of left and right rotation directions on site, generate circular polarized waves of different rotation directions, meet the new satellite communication requirements, and solve the technical problem that the traditional circular polarizer in the prior art can only generate circular polarized waves of one rotation direction. In addition, the partition circular polarizer provided in this embodiment is small in size, making the transceiver as a whole more concise and compact.

[0061] The present utility model embodiment also provides a transceiver 5, such as Fig.13 As shown, Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transceiver 5 provided in an embodiment of the utility model, and an exploded diagram of the transceiver 5 are shown in FIG. Fig.14 As shown, the transceiver 5 includes a circular waveguide 4 and the above-mentioned partition circular polarizer 1, and the square waveguide is connected to the circular waveguide 4. When the square waveguide is directly connected to the circular waveguide 4, it is necessary to determine the size of the square waveguide and the circular waveguide 4 so that the reflection at the connection between the square waveguide and the circular waveguide 4 is as small as possible. Specifically, the side length a of the square waveguide (TE10) can be calculated using the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] The radius R of the circular waveguide 4 (TE11) can be calculated using the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] Where pi is the circumference of a circle, and Z(01) and Z(02) are impedances.

[0066] Reflection coefficient = [Z(01)-Z(02)] / [Z(01)+Z(02)]

[0067] Standing wave ratio = (1 + reflection coefficient) / (1-reflection coefficient)

[0068] On the basis of the above embodiment, the side length of the square waveguide is 9.42 mm, and the diameter of the circular waveguide 4 is 12 mm or 11.5 mm.

[0069] When the size of the square waveguide of the partition circular polarizer 1 is 9.42×9.42 mm and the diameter of the circular waveguide 4 is 12 mm, then Z(01)=489.02, Z(02)=465.311, and the standing wave ratio is 1.05. When the size of the square waveguide of the partition circular polarizer 1 is 9.42×9.42 mm and the diameter of the circular waveguide 4 is 11.5 mm, then Z(01)=489.02, Z(02)=476.69, and the standing wave ratio is 1.02586, and the standing wave ratios are all within an acceptable range.

[0070] On the basis of the above embodiment, the side length of the square waveguide is 9.3 mm, and the diameter of the circular waveguide 4 is 11.5 mm.

[0071] In another embodiment, when the size of the square waveguide is 9.3×9.3 mm and the diameter of the circular waveguide 4 is 11.5 mm, Z(01)=486.245, Z(02)=486.245, and the standing wave ratio=1.02, which is also within an acceptable range.

[0072] As described above, the utility model provides a transceiver, including a circular waveguide and a baffle circular polarizer. The baffle circular polarizer provided in this embodiment enables the feed source of the transceiver to adapt to the selection of left and right rotation directions on site, generate circular polarized waves of different rotation directions, meet new satellite communication requirements, and solve the technical problem that the traditional circular polarizer in the prior art can only generate circular polarized waves of one rotation direction. In addition, the baffle circular polarizer provided in this embodiment is small in size, making the transceiver as a whole more concise and compact.

[0073] The above specific embodiments further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the utility model and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the utility model. It is particularly pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A partition circular polarizer, characterized in that: Includes square waveguide and spacer: A cavity for transmitting electromagnetic energy is arranged inside the square waveguide tube, and a first end of the cavity forms a square waveguide; The partition is arranged in the cavity, and is provided with seven steps or nine steps, and the height of each step increases successively from the first end to the second end of the cavity. The partition is used to separate the square waveguide to form two rectangular waveguides of the same size at the second end of the square waveguide tube.

2. A partition circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition is centrally disposed at the second end of the square waveguide.

3. A partition circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the partition is less than or equal to 1 mm.

4. A partition circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of steps is seven, the lengths of the first step to the seventh step are respectively: 2.05mm, 1.79mm, 3.84mm, 3.58mm, 3.33mm, 0.96mm and 1.23mm.

5. A partition circular polarizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heights of the first step to the seventh step are 0.51 mm, 0.26 mm, 1.15 mm, 1.28 mm, 1.41 mm, 1.41 mm and 2.04 mm, respectively.

6. A partition circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main mode corresponding to the square waveguide is the TE10 mode, and the side length of the square waveguide corresponds to the working band of the partition circular polarizer.

7. A partition circular polarizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The operating band of the partition circular polarizer is the Ka band, and the side length of the square waveguide is greater than 8.475 mm.

8. A transceiver, characterized in that: It comprises a circular waveguide and the baffle circular polarizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the square waveguide is connected to the circular waveguide.

9. The transceiver according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side length of the square waveguide is 9.42 mm, and the diameter of the circular waveguide is 12 mm or 11.5 mm.

10. The transceiver according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side length of the square waveguide is 9.3 mm, and the diameter of the circular waveguide is 11.5 mm.

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