Surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor and surrounding rock gap measurement system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel safety construction monitoring, and provides a surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor which comprises a shell body, an accompanying device, a sealing piston, an elastic component and a measuring rod. When the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body is reduced, the accompanying device moves towards the interior of the shell body to compress the elastic component; when the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body is increased, the accompanying device moves towards the surrounding rock under the action of the elastic force of the elastic component so as to keep in contact with the measured surrounding rock. The movement of the accompanying device brings the movement of the displacement magnetic ring, so that the relative position of the displacement magnetic ring and the measuring rod is changed, and the change of the magnetic induction line is generated. The change of the magnetic induction line generates the change of the current, the current change is converted into a digital signal to reflect the change of the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body, and finally the displacement information of the measured surrounding rock is obtained. The utility model further provides a surrounding rock gap measuring system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel safety construction monitoring, in particular to a surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor and a surrounding rock gap measurement system. Background Art

[0002] With the accelerated construction of urban underground roads and high-speed transportation networks, tunnel construction technology is widely used in underground transportation projects. Due to the complex geological conditions in my country, engineering accidents caused by geological disasters often occur during tunnel construction, and deformation monitoring of surrounding rock is an important means of predicting disasters. However, due to the complex and changeable geological conditions of underground space, water and mud often occur during tunnel excavation, making non-contact displacement sensors easily damaged during tunnel construction. How to provide a corrosion-resistant, waterproof and dustproof high-load protective displacement sensor has become a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the problems and shortcomings existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor and a surrounding rock gap measurement system. By setting a sealing piston, the sealing performance of the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor is improved to prevent external impurities such as mud and water from entering the interior of the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor, thereby achieving the dustproof and waterproof performance requirements of the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor.

[0004] Specifically, the utility model provides a surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor, the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor comprising:

[0005] A shell body, wherein the shell body is hollow inside and a first through hole is provided at the bottom of the shell;

[0006] An accompanying device, wherein the accompanying device is sleeved inside the shell body, the accompanying device can move along the axial direction of the shell body, and the accompanying device and the shell body enclose a first cavity, and a displacement magnetic ring is provided on the inner wall of the accompanying device;

[0007] A sealing piston, the sealing piston being arranged in a gap formed between the interior of the housing body and the inner wall of the accompanying device;

[0008] An elastic component, wherein the elastic component is disposed in the first cavity, one end of the elastic component is connected to the bottom wall of the shell body, and the other end of the elastic component is connected to the accompanying device;

[0009] A measuring rod, one end of which is coupled to the shell body, and the measuring rod enters the first cavity through the first through hole; when the accompanying device moves, the displacement magnetic ring is driven to move, so that the measuring rod obtains the displacement information of the accompanying device and the measured surrounding rock.

[0010] Optionally, the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor further includes a sensor electronic compartment, which cooperates with the measuring rod, is connected to an external working voltage, and outputs a signal.

[0011] Optionally, the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor also includes an aviation plug, which realizes the connection between the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor and a wireless node; a power supply is provided in the wireless node to provide the power required for the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor to work.

[0012] Optionally, the accompanying device includes:

[0013] A sensor top rod, the sensor top rod is axially movably sleeved inside the housing body, one end of the sensor top rod is connected to the elastic member, and the other end of the sensor top rod is provided with a first groove body;

[0014] A pulley is installed in the first groove body and can rotate along the axis of the pulley in the first groove body.

[0015] Optionally, the accompanying device further includes a first bolt and a bearing;

[0016] The sensor top rod is provided with a second through hole, and the bearing passes through the through hole so that the sensor top rod and the pulley are connected;

[0017] The bearing is fixed to the sensor top rod by the first bolt.

[0018] Optionally, a flange is provided on the shell body, and a threaded hole is provided on the flange, so that the shell body is fixed to the tunnel boring machine shield by a second bolt.

[0019] Optionally, the flange is processed integrally with the shell body.

[0020] Optionally, the surface roughness of the shell body is 0.6-0.9, so as to improve the sealing performance between the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor and the shield body when it is fixedly installed.

[0021] Optionally, the elastic member is a compression spring.

[0022] Furthermore, the utility model also provides a surrounding rock gap measurement system, wherein the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor described in any one of the above surrounding rock gap measurement systems further comprises:

[0023] A wireless node, wherein the wireless node is used to realize wireless transmission of signals;

[0024] A gateway, the gateway is used to receive the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless node;

[0025] A computer terminal is used to display displacement monitoring information.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) According to the gap between the shield and the surrounding rock, the accompanying device moves along the axial direction of the shell body. The movement of the accompanying device drives the movement of the displacement magnetic ring, and the magnetic induction line changes, so that the measuring rod obtains the displacement information of the measured surrounding rock. The displacement sensor for measuring the gap between the surrounding rock has a simple structure and strong practicality.

[0028] (2) A sealing piston is provided between the interior of the housing body and the outer wall of the accompanying device to achieve dynamic sealing between the accompanying device and the housing body, and the displacement sensor for measuring the gap between the surrounding rock has high waterproof and dustproof performance. Based on the detailed description of the specific embodiments of the utility model in combination with the accompanying drawings below, those skilled in the art will be more aware of the above and other purposes, advantages and features of the utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Hereinafter, some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in an exemplary and non-limiting manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 is a top view according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] In the figure: 1-surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor, 10-housing body, 11-flange, 12-threaded hole, 13-second bolt, 20-accompanying device, 21-sensor top rod, 22-pulley, 23-first groove body, 24-first bolt, 25-bearing, 27-displacement magnetic ring, 30-sealing piston, 40-elastic member, 50-measuring rod, 60-sensor electronic compartment, 70-aviation plug, 81-wireless node, 82-gateway, 83-computer terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 4 To describe a surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor and a surrounding rock gap measurement system of an embodiment of the utility model. In the description of this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features, that is, include one or more of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. When a feature "includes or contains" one or some of the features it covers, unless otherwise specifically described, this indicates that other features are not excluded and other features may be further included.

[0036] In the description of the present embodiment, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a displacement sensor for measuring gaps in surrounding rocks according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 As shown, combined with Figures 2 to 4 The utility model provides a displacement sensor for measuring the gap between surrounding rocks. The displacement sensor 1 for measuring the gap between surrounding rocks includes a shell body 10, an accompanying device 20, a sealing piston, an elastic member and a measuring rod. The shell body 10 is hollow inside and can partially accommodate the accompanying device 20 and other components. The accompanying device 20 is sleeved inside the shell body 10. The accompanying device 20 can move along the axial direction of the shell body 10. No matter how the accompanying device 20 moves, part of the accompanying device 20 is always exposed from the shell body 10; the accompanying device 20 and the shell body 10 enclose a first cavity, and a displacement magnetic ring 27 is arranged on the inner wall of the accompanying device 20. The sealing piston 30 is arranged in the gap formed by the inside of the shell body 10 and the inner wall of the accompanying device 20. The elastic member 40 is arranged in the first cavity, one end of the elastic member 40 is connected to the bottom wall of the shell body 10, and the other end of the elastic member 40 is connected to the accompanying device 20. A first through hole is arranged at the bottom of the shell body 10, so that part of the measuring rod 50 passes through the first through hole and enters the first cavity. The bottom of the measuring rod 50 is coupled to the housing body 10 .

[0038] Specifically, during the operation of the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 in the utility model, when the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body decreases, the accompanying device 20 moves toward the inside of the shell body 10 to compress the elastic component 40; when the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body increases, under the elastic force of the elastic component 40, the accompanying device 20 moves toward the surrounding rock to maintain contact with the measured surrounding rock. In other words, the accompanying device 20 and the measured surrounding rock always maintain contact. The movement of the accompanying device 20 brings about the movement of the displacement magnetic ring 27, that is, the movement of the accompanying device 20 will cause the relative position of the displacement magnetic ring 27 and the measuring rod 50 to change, thereby generating a change in the magnetic induction line, and the change in the magnetic induction line generates a change in the current, which is converted into a digital signal to reflect the change in the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body, and finally obtain the displacement information of the measured surrounding rock.

[0039] It should be particularly pointed out that, in the present invention, the sealing piston 30 is disposed in a gap formed between the interior of the housing body 10 and the inner wall of the accompanying device 20 , forming a dynamic seal between the housing body 10 and the accompanying device 20 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the accompanying device 20 drives the displacement magnetic ring 27 and the measuring rod 50 to move relative to each other, and obtains the unique information of the measured surrounding rock through the change of the magnetic induction line. The overall structure is simple and has strong practicality. The sealing piston 30 is provided to realize the dynamic sealing of the housing body 10 and the accompanying device 20, so as to prevent external impurities such as water and dust from entering the interior of the displacement sensor 1 for measuring the gap between the surrounding rock, thereby improving the waterproof and dustproof performance of the displacement sensor 1 for measuring the gap between the surrounding rock.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 further includes a sensor electronic compartment 60, which cooperates with the measuring rod 50, is connected to an external working voltage, and outputs a signal.

[0042] In the present invention, the sensor electronic compartment 60 is connected to an external working voltage to provide an external power supply required for the sensor to work. At the same time, the sensor electronic compartment 60 cooperates with the measuring rod 50 to transmit the information of the change of the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body detected by the measuring rod 50 to the tunnel boring machine.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the measuring rod 50 and the sensor electronic compartment 60 are connected by welding and sealing.

[0044] In this embodiment, the connection between the measuring rod 50 and the sensor electronic compartment 60 is achieved by welding, thereby achieving a seal between the two and effectively preventing external moisture from entering the sensor electronic compartment 60 .

[0045] In some embodiments of the utility model, the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 also includes an aviation plug 70, which realizes the connection between the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 and the wireless node 81; a power supply is provided in the wireless node 81 to provide the power required for the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 to work.

[0046] Specifically, the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 has an aviation plug 70, and the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 is connected to the wireless node 81 through the aviation plug 70. A power supply is provided in the wireless node 81, and the power supply in the wireless node 81 provides the electric energy required for the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor to work.

[0047] In some embodiments of the utility model, the accompanying device 20 includes a sensor top rod 21 and a pulley 22. The sensor top rod 21 is axially movably sleeved inside the housing body 10, one end of the sensor top rod 21 is connected to the elastic member 40, and the other end of the sensor top rod 21 is provided with a first groove body 23. The pulley 22 is installed in the first groove body 23 and can rotate along the axis of the pulley 22 in the first groove body 23.

[0048] In this embodiment, the accompanying device 20 includes a sensor top rod 21 and a pulley 22. One end of the sensor top rod 21 is connected to the elastic member 40. When the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body decreases, the sensor top rod 21 moves toward the inside of the shell body 10 to compress the elastic member 40. When the gap between the measured surrounding rock and the shield body increases, the sensor top rod 21 moves toward the surrounding rock under the elastic force of the elastic member 40. A first groove body 23 is provided at one end of the sensor top rod 21 away from the elastic member 40. The pulley 22 is rotatably mounted in the first groove body 23, and part of the pulley 22 protrudes from the first groove body 23. That is to say, the pulley 22 is not entirely in the first groove body 23, and the pulley 22 can rotate around its own axis. It should be emphasized that the pulley 22 is a rigid material, preferably stainless steel.

[0049] In this embodiment, a pulley 22 is provided at the top of the accompanying device 20, so that the accompanying device 20 slides relative to the measured surrounding rock during the excavator's forward movement. When an object slides on the contact surface, the friction generated is much smaller than the rolling friction, thereby reducing the friction between the pulley 22 and the measured surrounding rock, thereby reducing the wear of the pulley 22. Reducing the wear of the pulley 22 means reducing the change in the length of the accompanying device 20, thereby avoiding measurement errors and improving the accuracy of the measurement.

[0050] In some embodiments of the utility model, a protrusion is provided on the axis of the pulley 22, and a corresponding concave hole is provided on the side wall of the first groove body 23, and the protrusion of the pulley 22 is placed in the corresponding concave hole so that the pulley 22 can rotate. In this embodiment, the protrusion is provided and the corresponding concave hole is pre-supported, and the connection between the pulley 22 and the sensor top rod 21 can be achieved without introducing extra components, which is simple to manufacture.

[0051] In some other embodiments of the utility model, the accompanying device 20 further includes a first bolt 24 and a bearing 25. A second through hole is provided on the sensor top rod 21, and the bearing 25 passes through the through hole to connect the sensor top rod 21 and the pulley 22. The bearing 25 is fixed to the sensor top rod 21 by the first bolt 24.

[0052] Specifically, the sensor top rod 21 is provided with a second through hole at one end of the first groove body 23, and the second through hole vertically passes through the first groove body 23. A through hole corresponding to the second through hole is provided at the axis of the pulley 22. The bearing 25 passes through the second through hole and the through hole on the pulley 22, and finally the bearing 25 is fixed to the sensor top rod 21 by the first bolt 24.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first bolt 24 is selected for fixing, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0054] In a further embodiment of the utility model, the first bolt 24 is a hexagon socket bolt. In this embodiment, the hexagon socket bolt is selected to fix the bearing 25, which can withstand a large load, is easy to install and can be hidden, and can maintain the flatness and aesthetics of the workpiece surface.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, a flange 11 is provided on the housing body 10 , and a threaded hole 12 is provided on the flange 11 , so that the housing body 10 is fixed to the shield of the tunnel boring machine through a second bolt 13 .

[0056] In this embodiment, a flange 11 is provided on the housing body 10, and a threaded hole 12 is provided on the flange 11. The threaded hole 12 on the flange 11 and the threaded hole 12 on the tunnel boring machine shield are arranged correspondingly. The second bolt 13 passes through the threaded hole 12 on the flange 11 and the threaded hole 12 on the tunnel boring machine shield to fix the flange 11 and the tunnel boring machine shield together, thereby fixing the housing body 10 to the tunnel boring machine shield.

[0057] In this embodiment, the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 is fixed to the shield of the tunnel boring machine by using the second bolt 13, and the bolt connection is convenient for installation and removal.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the threaded holes 12 are evenly distributed around the flange 11. In this embodiment, the threaded holes 12 are evenly distributed, and the flange 11 is evenly stressed when the second bolts 13 are connected.

[0059] In a further embodiment of the present utility model, the second bolt 13 connecting the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 and the tunnel boring machine shield is a high-strength bolt.

[0060] In some embodiments of the utility model, the flange 11 is integrally processed with the housing body 10. In this embodiment, the flange 11 and the housing body 10 of the sensor are integrally processed and formed, and the integrity is good.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the surface roughness of the shell body 10 is 0.6-0.9, so as to improve the sealing performance between the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 and the shield body when it is fixedly installed.

[0062] Surface roughness refers to the unevenness of the machined surface with small spacing and tiny peaks and valleys. Surface roughness affects the stability and sealing of the fit. For clearance fit, the rougher the surface, the easier it is to wear, causing the gap to gradually increase during the working process; for interference fit, since the microscopic convex peaks are squeezed flat during assembly, the actual effective interference is reduced, reducing the connection strength. Rough surfaces cannot fit tightly together, and gas or liquid leaks through the gaps between the contact surfaces.

[0063] In this embodiment, in order to improve the stability of the matching between the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 and the shield body when fixedly installed, and the sealing performance between the outer surface of the shell body 10 and the shield body, the surface roughness of the shell body 10 of the sensor is designed to be 0.6~0.9. That is to say, the surface roughness of the shell body 10 of the sensor can be any value between 0.6~0.9, such as 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.8, 0.83, 0.9, etc., and preferably, the surface roughness of the shell body 10 of the sensor can be 0.8.

[0064] In this embodiment, a suitable surface roughness is designed to improve the sealing performance between the outer surface of the sensor housing body 10 and the shield body.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic member 40 is a compression spring. In this embodiment, the compression spring is selected as the elastic member 40, which is convenient for material selection and is conducive to cost saving.

[0066] Furthermore, the utility model also provides a surrounding rock gap measurement system, including the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor 1 in any of the above embodiments, and also including a wireless node 81, a gateway 82 and a computer terminal 83. The wireless node 81 is used to realize wireless transmission of signals. The gateway 82 is used to receive the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless node 81. The computer terminal 83 is used to display displacement monitoring information.

[0067] Unless otherwise specified, the device elements involved in the above embodiments are all conventional device elements, and the structural settings, working modes or control modes involved are all conventional settings, working modes or control modes in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0068] At this point, those skilled in the art should recognize that, although multiple exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications that conform to the principles of the present invention can still be directly determined or derived from the contents disclosed in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A displacement sensor for measuring gaps in surrounding rocks, characterized in that: include: A shell body, wherein the shell body is hollow inside and a first through hole is provided at the bottom of the shell; An accompanying device, wherein the accompanying device is sleeved inside the shell body, the accompanying device can move along the axial direction of the shell body, and the accompanying device and the shell body enclose a first cavity, and a displacement magnetic ring is provided on the inner wall of the accompanying device; A sealing piston, the sealing piston being arranged in a gap formed between the interior of the housing body and the inner wall of the accompanying device; An elastic component, wherein the elastic component is disposed in the first cavity, one end of the elastic component is connected to the bottom wall of the shell body, and the other end of the elastic component is connected to the accompanying device; A measuring rod, one end of which is coupled to the shell body, and the measuring rod enters the first cavity through the first through hole; when the accompanying device moves, the displacement magnetic ring is driven to move, so that the measuring rod obtains the displacement information of the accompanying device and the measured surrounding rock.

2. The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor electronic compartment, which cooperates with the measuring rod, is connected to an external working voltage, and outputs a signal.

3. The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an aviation plug, which realizes the connection between the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor and the wireless node; the wireless node is provided with a power supply to provide the power required for the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor to work.

4. The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The accompanying device comprises: A sensor top rod, the sensor top rod is axially movably sleeved inside the housing body, one end of the sensor top rod is connected to the elastic member, and the other end of the sensor top rod is provided with a first groove body; A pulley is installed in the first groove body and can rotate along the axis of the pulley in the first groove body.

5. The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The accompanying device also includes a first bolt and a bearing; The sensor top rod is provided with a second through hole, and the bearing passes through the through hole so that the sensor top rod and the pulley are connected; The bearing is fixed to the sensor top rod by the first bolt.

6. The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The shell body is provided with a flange plate, and the flange plate is provided with a threaded hole, so that the shell body is fixed to the tunnel boring machine shield body through a second bolt.

7. The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flange is processed integrally with the shell body.

8. The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface roughness of the shell body is 0.6-0.9, so as to improve the sealing performance between the surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor and the shield body when it is fixedly installed.

9. The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The elastic component is a compression spring.

10. A surrounding rock gap measurement system, characterized in that: The surrounding rock gap measurement displacement sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: A wireless node, wherein the wireless node is used to realize wireless transmission of signals; A gateway, the gateway is used to receive the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless node; A computer terminal is used to display displacement monitoring information.

Images