Reamer with cutting function

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a reamer with a cutting function, which comprises an outer sleeve, a blade component and an adjusting component. The outer sleeve is in a hollow cylinder shape; the blade assembly comprises a head blade, a first side blade and a second side blade, and the head blade is fixedly arranged at the front end of the outer sleeve; the first side blade and the second side blade can be contracted in the outer sleeve and can extend out of the peripheral wall of the outer sleeve; the adjusting assembly controls the contracting and stretching degree of the first side blade and the second side blade. By the adoption of the reamer with the cutting function, the reamer cuts the skin through the first side blade and the second side blade of the reamer, the stretching degree of the first side blade and the stretching degree of the second side blade are controlled, and an opening with the needed size can be cut in the skin at a time; in the operation process, a scalpel or other puncture tools do not need to be used for expanding the opening in the skin step by step, and the operation efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a reamer with a cutting function. Background Art

[0002] The reamer is a basic tool in orthopedic surgery, which is used to expand the opening to expose the target position to facilitate the operation. Before using the reamer, the skin needs to be cut to form an opening. Since the existing reamer usually only includes a tool for reaming, during the reaming process, it is necessary to use a scalpel or other puncture tools to cut the skin multiple times to achieve step-by-step expansion, which is cumbersome and has low surgical efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to improve the problem of complicated existing hole expansion operation, the utility model provides a hole expander with a cutting function. The hole expander uses a retractable first side blade and a second side blade to cut an opening on the skin at one time, and the operation is simple.

[0004] The embodiment of the utility model provides a reamer with a cutting function, comprising:

[0005] The outer sleeve is hollow and cylindrical;

[0006] A blade assembly, comprising a head blade, a first side blade and a second side blade, wherein the head blade is fixedly arranged at the front end of the outer sleeve; the first side blade and the second side blade can be retracted in the outer sleeve and can be extended out of the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve;

[0007] The adjusting component controls the degree of contraction and extension of the first side blade and the second side blade.

[0008] In some embodiments, the head blade is triangular in shape and is fixed to the front end of the outer sleeve through a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a pressure plate for clamping the head blade and a connecting sleeve connecting the pressure plate and the outer sleeve. The connecting sleeve is provided with a pin to fix the pressure plate and the head blade.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first side blade and the second side blade are in the shape of strips, and the front ends of the first side blade and the second side blade are hinged, and the first side blade and the second side blade can rotate along the hinge, so that the first side blade and the second side blade can extend outward through the through hole on the outer sleeve.

[0010] In some embodiments, the adjustment assembly includes a pressing rod, a return spring and a linkage member, wherein the pressing rod is inserted into the outer sleeve and can move axially along the outer sleeve, and the rear end of the pressing rod extends out of the outer sleeve; the linkage member is fixed at the front end of the pressing rod, and the linkage member is used to drive the first side blade and the second side blade to extend and retract; the return spring acts on the pressing rod or the linkage member or the first side blade and the second side blade, so that the first side blade and the second side blade remain in a retracted state.

[0011] In some embodiments, strip holes are provided on the first side blade and the second side blade, and the strip holes are inclined from front to back toward the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve; the linkage is T-shaped, including a transverse portion and a vertical portion; pins are provided at both ends of the transverse portion, and the pins can be movably inserted into the corresponding strip holes; the vertical portion is connected to the pressing rod.

[0012] In some embodiments, the return spring is disposed between the connecting assembly and the linkage member, and the return spring pushes the pressing rod to extend out of the outer sleeve through the linkage member.

[0013] In some embodiments, a guide structure is further provided between the linkage member and the outer sleeve, and the guide structure includes a boss formed on the linkage member and a slide groove formed axially on the outer sleeve, the boss is formed on both sides of the linkage member, and the slide groove is opened on the inner circumferential wall of the outer sleeve.

[0014] In some embodiments, an annular groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve near the rear end, and the annular groove is used to install the optical tracking component.

[0015] In some embodiments, a limiting ring is protruded from the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve, and the limiting ring is located in front of the annular groove.

[0016] In some embodiments, a positioning sleeve is sleeved on the outer sleeve, and the first side blade and the second side blade extend out of the outer peripheral wall of the positioning sleeve in an extended state.

[0017] The reamer with cutting function of the utility model cuts the skin with the first side blade and the second cutting blade. By controlling the extension degree of the first side blade and the second side blade, an opening of a desired size can be cut on the skin at one time. During the operation, there is no need to use a scalpel or other puncture tools to gradually expand the opening on the skin. The operation is simpler and the operation efficiency can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the reamer of this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the blade assembly of this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first side blade and the second side blade of this embodiment.

[0022] In the figure: outer sleeve 10; through hole 11; limit ring 12; annular groove 13; slide groove 14; blade assembly 20; head blade 21; first side blade 22; second side blade 23; strip hole 24; connecting assembly 30; connecting sleeve 31; pressure plate 32; pressing rod 40; pressing cap 41; return spring 42; linkage member 43; horizontal portion 44; middle vertical portion 45; boss 46. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0024] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0025] The directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "radial", "circumferential" and the like in this specification are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] like Figure 1-3As shown, this embodiment provides a reamer with a cutting function, including an outer sleeve 10, a blade assembly 20 and an adjustment assembly. The outer sleeve 10 is in a hollow cylindrical shape, and a through hole 11 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10 near the front end. The blade assembly 20 is arranged at the front end of the outer sleeve 10, and specifically includes a head blade 21, a first side blade 22 and a second side blade 23. The head blade 21 is fixedly arranged, and the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 can extend out of the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10.

[0027] See Figure 2-3 The head blade 21 of this embodiment is triangular in shape, and the front end and both sides of the head blade 21 are sharp corners, specifically including the front end sharp corner and the two side sharp corners, and the two side sharp corners of the head blade 21 do not exceed the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10. The head blade 21 of this embodiment is fixed to the outer sleeve 10 through a connecting assembly 30, and the connecting assembly 30 preferably includes a connecting sleeve 31 and two pressing plates 32. The head blade 21 is sandwiched between the two pressing plates 32, and the connecting sleeve 31 is sleeved on the two pressing plates 32 and fixedly connected to the front end of the outer sleeve 10. The two pressing plates 32 of this embodiment are preferably triangular in shape, which can better fit the two sides of the head blade 21 and make the front end sharp corners and the two side sharp corners of the head blade 21 exposed; pins are pierced through the connecting sleeve 31 to fix the two pressing plates 32 and the head blade 21.

[0028] See Figure 2-3 In this embodiment, the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 are in strip shape, and the front ends of the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 are both hingedly arranged, and the blades of the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 are located on the side facing outward, and the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 can rotate along the hinge, so that the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 can be retracted inside the outer sleeve 10, and can also extend out of the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10 through the through hole 11 on the outer sleeve 10. In this embodiment, the front ends of the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 are preferably hinged on the connecting assembly 30, and some embodiments can also choose to hinge them on the outer sleeve 10 or the head blade 21 according to needs.

[0029] In the present embodiment, strip holes 24 are preferably provided on both the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23, and the strip holes 24 are inclined from front to back toward the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10, that is, the strip holes 24 on the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 form an "eight" shape, so that the adjustment component controls the extension and contraction of the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 through the strip holes 24.

[0030] See Figure 1 , 34, the adjustment assembly of this embodiment includes a pressing rod 40, a return spring 42 and a linkage member 43, the pressing rod 40 is inserted into the outer sleeve 10 and can move along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 10, the front end of the pressing rod 40 is fixedly connected to the linkage member 43, and the rear end of the pressing rod 40 extends out of the outer sleeve 10. In some embodiments, a pressing cap 41 can be optionally provided at the rear end of the pressing rod 40 to facilitate applying pressure to the pressing rod 40.

[0031] The linkage member 43 of this embodiment is connected to the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 to drive the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 to extend and retract; the return spring 42 acts on the pressing rod 40 or the linkage member 43 or the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 to keep the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 in a retracted state.

[0032] The linkage member 43 of this embodiment is preferably T-shaped, including a transverse portion 44 connected to the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 and a mid-vertical portion 45 connected to the pressing rod 40; both ends of the transverse portion 44 are provided with a pin shaft, and the pin shaft is movably inserted into the strip hole 24 of the corresponding side blade. Since the strip hole 24 on the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 is inclined, when the pin shaft moves to the rear of the strip hole 24, the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 will rotate toward the inside of the outer sleeve 10 with the hinge position of the front end as the origin, so that the rear ends of the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 are close to each other and then shrink into the inside of the outer sleeve 10; when the pin shaft moves to the front of the strip hole 24, the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 will rotate toward the outside of the outer sleeve 10 with the hinge position of the front end as the origin, so that the rear ends of the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 are separated from each other and then extend out of the outer sleeve 10. By controlling the moving distance of the linkage member 43, the extension degree of the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 can be adjusted, so that openings of different sizes can be cut on the skin at one time.

[0033] See Figure 4 In this embodiment, a guide structure is further provided between the linkage member 43 and the outer sleeve 10. The guide structure preferably includes a boss 46 formed on the linkage member 43 and a slide groove 14 formed on the outer sleeve 10 along the axial direction. The boss 46 is formed on both sides of the linkage member 43, and the slide groove 14 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10. The boss 46 on the linkage member 43 can be guided by the slide groove 14 on the outer sleeve 10, which not only helps to improve the stability of the movement process of the linkage member 43, but also can limit the movement distance of the linkage member 43, and prevent the pressing rod 40 behind the linkage member 43 from being separated from the outer sleeve 10. It should be noted that some embodiments may also adopt other conventional guide structures, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0034] The return spring 42 of this embodiment is preferably arranged between the connecting assembly 30 and the linkage member 43, and the return spring 42 pushes the pressing rod 40 to extend out of the outer sleeve 10 through the linkage member 43. In some embodiments, the return spring 42 can also act directly on the pressing rod 40 or on the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 according to needs.

[0035] The outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10 near the rear end of this embodiment is provided with an annular groove 13, and the annular groove 13 is used to install an optical tracking component (not shown in the figure), which helps to improve the accuracy of the operation. A limit ring 12 is also protruded on the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10, and the limit ring 12 is located in front of the annular groove 13. The limit ring 12 can not only limit the optical tracking component, but also provide a point of force when applying pressure to the pressing rod 40, so as to facilitate the application of pressure to the pressing rod 40 with one hand. It should be noted that the optical tracking component specifically includes a sleeve-shaped mounting bracket, an optical bracket and a reflective ball. When installing the optical tracking component, the mounting bracket is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10, and the rearward end face of the limit ring 12 can cooperate with the annular groove 13 to limit the optical tracking component. The installation and navigation principle of the optical tracking component are prior art and will not be repeated in this embodiment. When applying pressure to the pressing rod 40 with one hand, one finger is selected to press the rear end of the pressing rod 40 , and the front end surface of the limiting ring 12 can provide support for the remaining fingers.

[0036] The reamer of the present embodiment can be used in conjunction with a positioning sleeve (not shown in the figure). When the positioning sleeve is set on the outer side of the reamer, the extended first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 extend out of the outer peripheral wall of the positioning sleeve to ensure that the opening cut by the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 can be entered by the positioning sleeve. The method of using the reamer includes: firstly installing the positioning sleeve and the optical tracking assembly on the reamer, and finding the target position by using the optical navigation technology; then applying pressure to the pressing rod 40 to make the pressing rod 40 move forward relative to the outer sleeve 10 along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 10, and the linkage 43 at the front end of the pressing rod 40 overcomes the force of the reset spring 42 and follows the pressing rod 40 moves forward synchronously, so that the pin shaft on the linkage member 43 moves to the front of the strip hole 24, thereby controlling the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 to extend out of the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 10 to cut the skin to the target position; next, the pressure applied to the pressing rod 40 is released, and the reset spring 42 pushes the linkage member 43 to move backward along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 10 relative to the outer sleeve 10, so that the pin shaft on the linkage member 43 moves to the rear of the strip hole 24, thereby controlling the first side blade 22 and the second side blade 23 to shrink into the inside of the outer sleeve 10; finally, the positioning sleeve is retained in the body and the reamer is taken out, and the inner side of the retained positioning sleeve forms a working channel to facilitate the operation.

[0037] It should be noted that, since the positioning sleeve is a prior art, the specific structure and function thereof will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0038] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0039] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A reamer with cutting function, characterized in that: include: An outer sleeve (10) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder; A blade assembly (20), comprising a head blade (21), a first side blade (22) and a second side blade (23), wherein the head blade (21) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the outer sleeve (10); the first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23) can be retracted in the outer sleeve (10) and can be extended out of the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve (10); The adjusting component controls the degree of contraction and extension of the first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23).

2. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head blade (21) is triangular in shape and is fixed to the front end of the outer sleeve (10) via a connecting assembly (30). The connecting assembly (30) comprises a pressing plate (32) for clamping the head blade (21) and a connecting sleeve (31) connecting the pressing plate (32) and the outer sleeve (10). A pin is provided on the connecting sleeve (31) to fix the pressing plate (32) and the head blade (21).

3. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23) are strip-shaped, and the front ends of the first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23) are hinged. The first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23) can rotate along the hinge, so that the first side blade (22) and the second side blade can extend outward through the through hole (11) on the outer sleeve (10).

4. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly comprises a pressing rod (40), a return spring (42) and a linkage member (43); the pressing rod (40) is inserted into the outer sleeve (10) and can move axially along the outer sleeve (10); the rear end of the pressing rod (40) extends out of the outer sleeve (10); the linkage member (43) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the pressing rod (40), and the linkage member (43) is used to drive the first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23) to extend and retract; the return spring (42) acts on the pressing rod (40) or the linkage member (43) or the first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23), so that the first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23) remain in a retracted state.

5. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23) are both provided with strip holes (24), and the strip holes (24) are inclined from front to back toward the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve (10); the linkage member (43) is T-shaped, including a transverse portion (44) and a central vertical portion (45); pins are provided at both ends of the transverse portion (44), and the pins can be movably inserted into the corresponding strip holes (24); the central vertical portion (45) is connected to the pressing rod (40).

6. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The return spring (42) is arranged between the connecting assembly (30) and the linkage member (43), and the return spring (42) pushes the pressing rod (40) to extend out of the outer sleeve (10) through the linkage member (43).

7. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide structure is also provided between the linkage member (43) and the outer sleeve (10), and the guide structure includes a boss (46) formed on the linkage member (43) and a slide groove (14) formed axially on the outer sleeve (10), wherein the boss (46) is formed on both sides of the linkage member (43), and the slide groove (14) is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the outer sleeve (10).

8. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove (13) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve (10) near the rear end, and the annular groove (13) is used to install the optical tracking component.

9. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limiting ring (12) is also protruded from the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve (10), and the limiting ring (12) is located in front of the annular groove (13).

10. The reamer with cutting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning sleeve is sleeved on the outer sleeve (10), and the first side blade (22) and the second side blade (23) extend out of the outer peripheral wall of the positioning sleeve in an extended state.

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