Quenching coupling ultrasonic vibration double-magnetic-field auxiliary electric arc material increasing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quenching coupling ultrasonic vibration double magnetic field auxiliary electric arc material adding device which comprises a control system, a mechanical arm and a material adding unit fixed at the tail end of the mechanical arm, the material adding unit comprises a base plate and a welding gun, and the material adding unit further comprises a liquid nitrogen spray gun, a longitudinal magnetic field device, a temperature sensor, a transverse magnetic field device and an ultrasonic vibration instrument. The liquid nitrogen spray gun is arranged above the substrate; the transverse magnetic field device is arranged on the side edge of the welding gun and used for controlling the electric arc through a generated magnetic field so as to adjust gas flow and the molten pool form in the material adding process. The longitudinal magnetic field device is arranged around the welding gun and used for controlling molten pool flowing and component homogenization through a generated magnetic field so as to improve the additive forming quality and performance; and the ultrasonic vibration meter is arranged below the substrate. According to the utility model, the mixing and uniformity of components in the molten pool can be promoted, the segregation defect is avoided, and further refining of crystal grains is realized, so that the additive forming quality and performance are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an arc material adding device, in particular to a double magnetic field assisted arc material adding device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration. Background Art

[0002] Additive manufacturing technology is a revolutionary manufacturing method that achieves efficient manufacturing of three-dimensional objects by stacking materials layer by layer. Rapid cooling with liquid nitrogen can effectively reduce the heat in the additive process, prevent overheating and dendrite coarsening in the molten pool area, reduce cracking tendency, reduce deformation and residual stress in the heat-affected zone, and thus improve product quality and performance. However, rapid cooling conditions can easily cause poor fluidity and uneven composition of the molten pool, forming serious segregation defects. Magnetic field stirring the molten pool can improve the fluidity and uniformity of the molten pool, thereby improving the quality and formability of additives. The transverse magnetic field can improve the stability of the arc, reduce the drift and diffusion of the arc, and make the arc more stable in the additive area, while the longitudinal magnetic field will increase the heat input of the arc, accelerate the melting and heat transfer in the additive area, and help improve the efficiency of additives. Single magnetic field stirring has limited effect on improving the fluidity and uniformity of the molten pool. Applying ultrasonic vibration during the additive process can significantly improve segregation defects.

[0003] CN113798516A describes a device and method for strengthening arc additive components using cryogenic impact deformation. The low temperature of the liquid nitrogen pool is directly transferred to the substrate through a refrigeration plate. At the same time, the formation of the arc deposition layer is completed in the cryogenic box. There is no need to transfer the arc deposition layer between different devices. However, the rapid cooling conditions can easily cause uneven solidification components in the molten pool and form segregation defects, and no corresponding measures have been taken to improve this. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of the utility model: The purpose of the utility model is to provide a dual magnetic field assisted arc additive device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration, which can improve the quality and performance of additive forming.

[0005] Technical solution: The dual magnetic field assisted arc additive device with rapid cooling coupled with ultrasonic vibration described in the utility model includes a control system, a robotic arm, and an additive unit fixed at the end of the robotic arm. The additive unit includes a base plate fixed above a workbench and a welding gun located above the base plate. The additive unit also includes a liquid nitrogen spray gun, a longitudinal magnetic field device, a temperature sensor, a transverse magnetic field device and an ultrasonic vibrator. The liquid nitrogen spray gun is arranged above the base plate to achieve rapid cooling of the molten pool by releasing liquid nitrogen; the transverse magnetic field device is arranged on the side of the welding gun to control the arc through the generated magnetic field to adjust the gas flow and the molten pool morphology during the additive process; the longitudinal magnetic field device is arranged around the welding gun to control the flow and composition homogenization of the molten pool through the generated magnetic field to improve the quality and performance of additive forming; the ultrasonic vibrator is arranged below the base plate to vibrate and stir the molten pool to promote the mixing and uniformity of the components inside the molten pool.

[0006] Wherein, the longitudinal magnetic field device is a first coil which is transversely wound around the welding gun and connected to the excitation power supply.

[0007] The transverse magnetic field device comprises an iron core transversely fixed on both sides of the welding gun and a second coil wound around the iron core and connected to an excitation power supply.

[0008] The temperature sensor is fixed on the front side of the welding gun to monitor the temperature changes in front of the welding gun during the additive process in real time.

[0009] Wherein, the liquid nitrogen spray gun is located at the rear side of the welding gun's moving direction.

[0010] Wherein, the liquid nitrogen spray gun is connected to the liquid nitrogen supply system to realize the supply and spraying of liquid nitrogen.

[0011] Among them, a set of cables of the transverse magnetic field device is connected to the control system to realize the control of the electromagnetic field intensity and direction.

[0012] The longitudinal magnetic field device is a coil wound around the welding gun, and is connected to a control system to adjust the flow of the molten pool components.

[0013] The ultrasonic vibrator is connected to an ultrasonic controller, and the ultrasonic controller is connected to a control system to realize the start and stop of the ultrasonic vibrator and the adjustment of the vibration frequency.

[0014] Wherein, the robotic arm is connected to a control system for realizing control of the robotic arm.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following significant effects: through the liquid nitrogen spray gun, the molten pool can be quickly cooled during the additive process, and the molten pool morphology and grain refinement can be effectively controlled, thereby improving the performance and quality of the workpiece. However, liquid nitrogen rapid cooling can easily cause uneven composition and segregation defects in the molten pool. In this regard, the longitudinal magnetic field device and the transverse magnetic field device enable the utility model to have dual magnetic field control capabilities at the same time, which can effectively improve the flow of the molten pool and promote the homogenization of the composition. In addition, the ultrasonic vibrator can vibrate and stir the molten pool during the additive process, promote the mixing and uniformity of the internal components of the molten pool, avoid segregation defects, and also achieve a grain crushing effect, and further refine the grains, thereby improving the additive forming quality and performance. The utility model device has significant advantages in the field of metal arc additive manufacturing, which can not only improve manufacturing efficiency, but also improve the performance and forming quality of additive workpieces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is an overall diagram of the arc material adding device of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the additive unit of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a left view of the additive unit of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a front view of the additive unit of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the utility model provides a dual magnetic field assisted arc additive device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration, including a control system (not shown in the figure), a robotic arm 1, and an additive unit fixed at the end of the robotic arm 1, the additive unit including a substrate 4, a welding gun 5, a liquid nitrogen spray gun 6, a longitudinal magnetic field device 7, a temperature sensor 8, a transverse magnetic field device 9 and an ultrasonic vibrator 10. The substrate 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the workbench 3 and is used to place the additive workpiece 11; the welding gun 5 is fixed to the end of the robot arm 1 and is located above the substrate 4, the welding gun 5 is electrically connected to the welding machine 12, and the welding machine 12 is connected to the argon gas bottle 14; the liquid nitrogen spray gun 6 is fixed to the rear side of the movement direction of the welding gun 5, and the molten pool is quickly cooled by releasing liquid nitrogen; the liquid nitrogen spray gun 6 is connected to the liquid nitrogen supply system 2 through a hose 20, which is used to release liquid nitrogen in time for cooling during the additive process; the longitudinal magnetic field device 7 is fixed around the welding gun 5; the transverse magnetic field device 9 is respectively fixed on both sides of the welding gun 5; the workbench 3 is located below the substrate 4 and is provided with an ultrasonic vibrator 10, the ultrasonic vibrator 10 is connected to the ultrasonic controller 13, and the ultrasonic vibrator 10 is used to vibrate and stir the molten pool to promote the mixing and uniformity of the components inside the molten pool.

[0022] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the longitudinal magnetic field device 7 is fixed around the welding gun 5. The longitudinal magnetic field device 7 of this embodiment is a first coil (not shown in the figure) wound around the welding gun 5. A protective cover 16 is arranged on the outside of the first coil. The first coil is connected to the excitation power supply through the protective cover 16 and the wire connection port 17; since the welding gun is an iron welding gun, the first coil is transversely wound around the welding gun. After power is turned on, a longitudinal magnetic field can be generated; the longitudinal magnetic field device 7 is used to control the flow and composition homogenization of the molten pool through the generated magnetic field to improve the quality and performance of additive forming; a group of transverse magnetic field devices 9 are respectively fixed on both sides of the welding gun 5, and are used to control the arc through the generated magnetic field to adjust the gas flow and molten pool morphology in the additive process. The transverse magnetic field device 9 of this embodiment is an iron core 18 and a second coil 19 wound on the iron core 18, and the second coil 19 is connected to the excitation power supply; the temperature sensor 8 is installed on the front side of the movement direction of the welding gun 5, and the signal line is connected to the control system through a connector to ensure that the temperature change of the additive area can be monitored in a timely and accurate manner.

[0023] The additive unit is tightly fixed at the end of the robot arm 1, and it can operate the manufacturing workpiece as the robot arm 1 moves. The welding gun 5 is connected to the end of the robot arm 1 using a special joint or a clamp to ensure that the welding gun 5 is tightly connected to the end of the robot arm 1. At the same time, the cable inside the welding gun 5 should be connected to the control system through a connector to achieve precise control of the additive process. The welding gun 5, temperature sensor 8, liquid nitrogen spray gun 6, transverse magnetic field device 9, and longitudinal magnetic field device 7 of this embodiment are installed at the end of the robot arm 1 through a cross fixing frame 15 to ensure that their relative positions remain stable and are not affected by external interference. As the main working component, the welding gun 5 is firmly connected to the robot arm 1 and the angle is correct so as to accurately operate the additive area.

[0024] The installation of the liquid nitrogen spray gun 6, the transverse magnetic field device 9 and the longitudinal magnetic field device 7 requires careful consideration of their positions and angles to ensure that they function properly and can effectively participate in the additive process. The connection of the transverse magnetic field device 9 and the longitudinal magnetic field device 7 needs to ensure that they are connected to the control system through a connector to achieve precise control of the arc and the molten pool morphology. In addition, the connection of the cross-fixing frame needs to ensure that the relative positions of the components are stable.

[0025] The control system can control the movement of the robot arm 1 and the operation of the additive unit. The control system can receive feedback information from sensors and actuators such as the temperature sensor 8, the liquid nitrogen spray gun 6, and the magnetic field control device to achieve real-time monitoring and adjustment of the additive process. Specifically, the control system can adjust the working state of the liquid nitrogen spray gun 6 according to the temperature change of the additive area monitored by the temperature sensor 8 to achieve rapid cooling of the molten pool; at the same time, the shape of the arc and the molten pool can be adjusted according to the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field control device to ensure the stability and consistency of the additive process. This control method can be implemented by existing technologies.

[0026] Specific operation process:

[0027] Preparation: Before starting the additive process, check and prepare the robot arm 1 and the additive unit. Ensure that the robot arm 1 has an unobstructed motion path, that all components are firmly installed, and that the power supply to the additive unit is normal. Adjust the additive path and parameters as needed, and pre-program them in the control system to ensure a smooth additive process. Check the connection of the liquid nitrogen supply system and the argon cylinder 14 to ensure that the liquid nitrogen and argon supply are sufficient to ensure cooling and protection during the additive process.

[0028] Additive Process:

[0029] The robot arm 1 moves according to a pre-planned path, and the welding gun 5 releases an arc to melt and deposit the metal material. Parameters such as the angle, speed and arc intensity of the welding gun 5 are controlled according to preset values. At the same time, the temperature sensor 8 monitors the temperature changes in the additive area in real time, and the control system adjusts the additive parameters according to the data fed back by the sensor to ensure temperature control and stability during the additive process. The liquid nitrogen spray gun 6 releases liquid nitrogen for rapid cooling to control the morphology and grain growth of the molten pool and improve the performance and quality of the workpiece. The transverse magnetic field device 9 controls the morphology of the arc and the molten pool through the magnetic field generated, and the longitudinal magnetic field device 7 controls the flow of the molten pool components to ensure the stability and consistency of the additive process. The ultrasonic vibrator 10 stirs the molten pool to promote the mixing and uniformity of the components inside the molten pool and improve the quality and strength of the additive.

[0030] Post-weld optimization:

[0031] After the additive process is completed, the additive workpiece 11 is inspected and evaluated. The quality, density and surface finish of the weld are checked to ensure that the design requirements and standards are met. If necessary, post-weld processing can be performed, such as removing additive residues, heat treatment or surface treatment, to further improve the performance and appearance quality of the workpiece. The data during the additive process is recorded and analyzed, and experience is summarized to provide reference and improvement direction for future additive work.

Claims

1. A dual magnetic field assisted arc material adding device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration, comprising a control system, a mechanical arm (1), and a material adding unit fixed to the end of the mechanical arm (1), wherein the material adding unit comprises a base plate (4) fixed above a workbench (3), and a welding gun (5) located above the base plate (4), characterized in that: The additive unit further comprises a liquid nitrogen spray gun (6), a longitudinal magnetic field device (7), a temperature sensor (8), a transverse magnetic field device (9) and an ultrasonic vibrator (10); the liquid nitrogen spray gun (6) is arranged above the substrate and is used to quickly cool the molten pool by releasing liquid nitrogen; the transverse magnetic field device (9) is arranged on the side of the welding gun (5) and is used to control the arc by generating a magnetic field, thereby adjusting the gas flow and the molten pool morphology during the additive process; the longitudinal magnetic field device (7) is arranged around the welding gun (5) and is used to control the flow and composition homogenization of the molten pool by generating a magnetic field, thereby improving the additive forming quality and performance; the ultrasonic vibrator (10) is arranged below the substrate (4) and is used to vibrate and stir the molten pool to promote the mixing and uniformity of the components inside the molten pool.

2. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The longitudinal magnetic field device (7) is a first coil which is transversely wound around the welding gun (5) and connected to an excitation power source.

3. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transverse magnetic field device (9) comprises an iron core (18) transversely fixed to both sides of the welding gun (5) and a second coil (19) wound around the iron core (18) and connected to an excitation power source.

4. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature sensor (8) is fixed to the front side of the welding gun (5) and is used to monitor the temperature change in front of the welding gun (5) in real time during the material addition process.

5. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen spray gun (6) is located at the rear side of the moving direction of the welding gun (5).

6. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of transverse magnetic field devices (9) are respectively arranged on both sides of the welding gun (5).

7. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The longitudinal magnetic field device (7) is connected to the control system for adjusting the flow of the molten pool components; the transverse magnetic field device (9) is connected to the control system for controlling the intensity and direction of the electromagnetic field.

8. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen spray gun (6) is connected to the liquid nitrogen supply system (2) to realize the supply and spraying of liquid nitrogen.

9. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic vibrator (10) is connected to an ultrasonic controller (13), and the ultrasonic controller (13) is connected to a control system to achieve start and stop of the ultrasonic vibrator (10) and regulation of the vibration frequency.

10. The double magnetic field assisted arc material addition device with rapid cooling coupled ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical arm (1) is connected to a control system for realizing control of the mechanical arm (1).

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