Voltage acquisition circuit and detection equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a voltage acquisition circuit. The voltage acquisition circuit comprises a voltage conversion circuit, an acquisition interface, a microprocessor and a serial port interface. The voltage acquisition circuit is used for receiving an external input voltage and reducing the external input voltage to obtain a reduced voltage, so that the working voltage of the voltage acquisition circuit is the reduced voltage. The acquisition interface is electrically connected with an external to-be-detected circuit and is used for acquiring the voltage of the external to-be-detected circuit to obtain an acquired voltage. The microprocessor comprises a digital-to-analog converter, the microprocessor is electrically connected with the acquisition interface and is used for receiving the acquisition voltage transmitted by the acquisition interface, and the digital-to-analog converter is used for converting the acquisition voltage to obtain voltage data. The serial port interfaces are electrically connected with the microprocessor, and the microprocessor is in communication connection with an external processing device through the serial port interfaces and used for transmitting the voltage data to the external processing device. In addition, the utility model also provides a detection device using the voltage acquisition circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a voltage acquisition circuit and a detection device using the voltage acquisition circuit. Background Art

[0002] Testing equipment, such as PCBA board testing equipment, or long-term monitoring equipment such as water level detection, road surface detection, and sewage detection, generally use voltage acquisition circuits to achieve corresponding detection functions. However, existing voltage acquisition circuits generally use professional digital-to-analog converter chips, which are relatively expensive. In addition, professional digital-to-analog converter chips are only suitable for specific testing equipment, such as digital-to-analog converter chips for testing equipment dedicated to PCBA boards and testing equipment dedicated to water level monitoring. Therefore, the scope of application is relatively small. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a universal voltage acquisition circuit and detection equipment, which can be applied to a variety of scenarios. In the first aspect, the utility model provides a voltage acquisition circuit, the voltage acquisition circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit, an acquisition interface, a microprocessor and a serial port interface. The voltage acquisition circuit is used to receive an external input voltage and step down the external input voltage to obtain a step-down voltage, so that the working voltage of the voltage acquisition circuit is a step-down voltage. The acquisition interface is electrically connected to the external circuit to be detected, and is used to collect the voltage of the external circuit to be detected to obtain the acquisition voltage. The microprocessor includes a digital-to-analog converter, the microprocessor is electrically connected to the acquisition interface, and is used to receive the acquisition voltage transmitted by the acquisition interface, and the digital-to-analog converter is used to convert the acquisition voltage to obtain voltage data. The serial port interface is electrically connected to the microprocessor respectively, wherein the microprocessor is connected to the external processing device through the serial port interface for communication, and is used to transmit the voltage data to the external processing device. Further, the acquisition interface includes an acquisition pin, a voltage regulator and a voltage divider, and the voltage regulator and the voltage divider are electrically connected to the acquisition pin at the same time. Further, the acquisition interface includes a plurality of acquisition pins, each of which is connected to a voltage regulator and a voltage divider. Further, the number of the plurality of acquisition pins is eight. Further, the voltage regulator is a voltage regulator diode, the voltage divider is a voltage divider resistor, the positive electrode of each voltage regulator diode is connected to the step-down voltage, the negative electrode is electrically connected to the corresponding pin, one end of each voltage divider resistor is electrically connected to the corresponding pin, and the other end of the voltage divider resistor is grounded. Further, the acquisition interface also includes a clamping diode, one end of the clamping diode is connected to the step-down voltage, and the other end of the clamping diode is grounded. Further, the serial port interface includes a sending pin, a receiving pin and two light-emitting diodes, the positive electrodes of the two light-emitting diodes are respectively connected to the step-down voltage, and the negative electrodes of the two light-emitting diodes are respectively electrically connected to the sending pin and the receiving pin. Further, the input voltage is 5.5V, and the step-down voltage is 3.3V. Further, the acquisition circuit also includes the USB interface, the USB interface is electrically connected to the microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is also connected to the external processing device through the USB interface for communication, and is used to transmit the voltage data to the external processing device. The voltage acquisition circuit, firstly, communicates with an external device through the serial port interface 30, so it has universality and a wider range of applications; secondly, it adopts LDO for power supply, which is convenient; thirdly, the voltage acquisition circuit 1 works at a low voltage of 3.3V, which has lower power consumption. Fourthly, in addition to the serial port interface 30, a USB interface 80 is also connected as a communication interface, which has wider universality. Communicating with an external device through the serial port interface, so it has universality and a wider range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0004] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work. Figure 1 It is a functional module diagram of the voltage acquisition circuit. Figure 2 It is a functional circuit principle diagram of the voltage acquisition circuit. Figure 3 The purpose of this application, its functional features and advantages will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0005] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar planning objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate. In other words, the described embodiments are implemented according to a sequence other than the content illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations may also include other content, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to only those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. It should be noted that the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1: is a functional module diagram of a voltage acquisition circuit. The voltage acquisition circuit 1 includes a voltage conversion circuit 10, a microcontroller (MCU) 20, a serial port interface 30, an acquisition interface 40, a reset control circuit 50, an anti-interference filter circuit 60, a burning interface circuit 70, a USB interface 80, and a serial port circuit 90. Among them, the microprocessor 20 is electrically connected to the serial port interface 30, the acquisition interface 40, the reset control circuit 50, the burning interface circuit 70, the USB interface 80, and the serial port circuit 90. The anti-interference filter circuit 60 is electrically connected to the voltage conversion circuit 10. The voltage conversion circuit 10 is used to receive an external input voltage and step down the input voltage to obtain a step-down voltage and output it. Among them, the input voltage is 5V and the step-down voltage is 3.3V. That is, the voltage conversion circuit 10 converts the input voltage of 5V into an input voltage of 3.3V, so that the voltage acquisition circuit 1 can collect and work under the condition that the working voltage is 3.3V. In this embodiment, the voltage conversion circuit 10 is implemented by a low dropout linear regulator (Low Dropout Regulaor, LDO), so that it is more convenient to power the voltage acquisition circuit 1. The acquisition interface 40 is connected to the circuit to be detected 200 (such as Figure 2 200 is connected to the microprocessor 20. The circuit to be detected 200 is an external circuit of the voltage acquisition circuit 1. The microprocessor 20 includes a digital-to-analog conversion module (ADC) 21, and the digital-to-analog converter 21 is used to convert the detected voltage into analog-to-digital voltage data, and send it to an external device through a serial port interface 30. The external device is an external device that needs to use voltage data. For example, a detection device that needs to calculate and analyze the voltage data to obtain a monitoring result. Further, the microprocessor 20 can also send the voltage data to an external device through a USB interface 80. In other words, the voltage acquisition circuit 1 has a variety of communication interfaces and has good compatibility. In addition, the serial port interface 30 is a communication interface with versatility and a wider range of applications. The voltage conversion circuit 10 also performs filtering and anti-interference through an anti-interference filter circuit 60, thereby increasing the detection accuracy. The burning interface circuit 70 is used to burn the required program control instructions to the MCU 20. In this way, the MCU 20 can add or modify the corresponding functions. The reset control circuit 50 is used to prevent the MCU from accidentally resetting. The serial port circuit 90 is also electrically connected to the USB interface 30, and is used to reserve a portion for external communication. The above-mentioned voltage acquisition circuit 1 has the following advantages. First, it communicates with external devices through the serial port interface 30, so it has universality and a wider range of applications; second, it uses LDO for power supply, which is more convenient; third, it allows the voltage acquisition circuit 1 to work at a low voltage of 3.3V, with lower power consumption. Fourth, in addition to the serial port interface 30, the USB interface 80 is also connected as a communication interface, which has wider versatility. Please refer to Figure 2 ， Figure 2It is a circuit schematic diagram of the voltage acquisition circuit 1. In this embodiment, the microprocessor 20 is a STM32F072 chip. The microprocessor (MCU) 20 is electrically connected to the power supply of the voltage conversion circuit 10 and operates under the operating voltage provided by the voltage conversion circuit 10. The microprocessor 20 includes a collection wiring pin 22, a serial port wiring pin 23, a USB port wiring pin 24, and a reserved serial port wiring pin 25. In this embodiment, the collection wiring pin 22 includes eight wiring pins P12-P19, which are used to communicate with the acquisition interface 40. The serial port wiring pin 23 includes two wiring pins P41-P42, the USB port wiring pin 24 includes a wiring pin DP, and the reserved serial port wiring pin 25 includes a wiring pin DN. The microprocessor 20 is respectively connected to the acquisition interface 10, the serial port interface 30, the USB interface 80, and the reserved serial port interface circuit 90 through the collection wiring pin 22, the serial port wiring pin 23, the USB port wiring pin 24, and the reserved serial port wiring pin 25. The acquisition interface 40 includes an interface J4, eight acquisition pins N1-N8 electrically connected to the interface J4, eight voltage dividers R1-R8, and eight voltage regulators D1-D8, wherein each pin is electrically connected to a voltage divider and a voltage regulator. For example, the acquisition pin N1 is electrically connected to the voltage divider R1 and the voltage regulator D1, and the pin N2 is electrically connected to the voltage divider R2 and the voltage regulator D2, and so on. The acquisition interface 40 is electrically connected to the circuit to be detected 200 through the interface J4, and is connected to the eight acquisition connection pins P12-P19 of the microprocessor 2 in a one-to-one correspondence through the eight acquisition pins N1-N8. Therefore, the acquisition interface 40 collects the voltage of the external circuit to be detected 200 through the interface J4, and transmits the collected voltage to the microprocessor 20 in a one-to-one correspondence through the eight acquisition pins N1-N8, and the digital-to-analog converter 21 converts the collected voltage into a number to realize voltage value collection. In other words, the voltage acquisition circuit 1 has eight channels and twelve-bit accuracy. The acquisition pins N1-N8 are respectively connected to the voltage regulator D0-D7, so that when the acquisition voltage is higher than the working voltage (3.3V), the voltage is stabilized, so that the corresponding pins P12-P19 of the microprocessor 20 are not damaged by the high voltage. In this embodiment, the voltage regulator D0-D7 is a voltage regulator diode D0-D7, wherein the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode D0-D7 is electrically connected to the corresponding acquisition pin, and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode D0-D7 is connected to the 3.3V power supply, that is, it is electrically connected to the output end of the voltage conversion circuit 10. The acquisition interface 40 is also connected to the clamping diode D8, and when the acquisition voltage is higher than 3.3V, it can be guided to the ground through the clamping diode D8. Among them, one end of the clamping diode D8 is connected to the 3.3V power supply and is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode D0-D7, and the other end is grounded, so as to prevent the wiring pins P12-P19 on the MCU 20 from being damaged by the sudden high voltage.For example, when the voltage on the acquisition pins N1-N8 is higher than 3.3V, the diodes D1-D8 are turned on, thereby guiding the voltage higher than 3.3V to the ground. The acquisition pins N1-N8 are connected to the voltage divider R respectively. 0- R7, so that the voltage higher than 3.3V can be divided to below 3.3V before entering MCU 20, so that the measurement is accurate. 0- R7 is the voltage divider resistor R 0- R7. Among them, each voltage divider resistor R 0- One end of R7 is electrically connected to the acquisition pins N1-N8 one by one, and the other end is grounded. For example, when the voltage on the acquisition pins N1-N8 is higher than 3.3V, the diodes D1-D8 are turned on, so that the voltage divider resistor R connected to each acquisition pin N1-N8 0- The resistance of R7 and the clamping diode D8 divides the voltage of each acquisition pin N1-N8. Therefore, the voltage higher than 3.3V can be divided to below 3.3V before entering the MCU 20. The serial port interface 30 receives the voltage through a pair of receiving pins R X and the sending pin T X The two serial port connection pins P41-P42 of MCU 20 are electrically connected to MCU 20, wherein the receiving pin R X and the sending pin T X Two LED lights D1-D2 are also connected to the receiving pin R X and the sending pin T X The voltage is pulled up, so that the serial port interface 30 has a sufficiently large voltage to drive. At the same time, when the serial port interface 30 is exchanging data, the LED lights D1-D2 flash to indicate. Specifically, the positive poles of the LED lights D1-D2 are electrically connected to the 3.3V power supply, and the negative pole of the LED light D1 is electrically connected to the receiving pin R X Electrical connection, the negative terminal of D2 and the receiving pin R TElectrical connection. In some other embodiments, the voltage acquisition circuit also includes a test point G connected to the negative pole of the power supply, which is used to test the voltage and conveniently ground it. The embodiment of the present application also provides a detection device 100, which includes a voltage acquisition circuit 1 and a data processing device 2. The data acquisition circuit 1 is described in the previous description and will not be repeated here. The data processing device 2 and the voltage acquisition circuit 1 are connected for communication via a serial port interface. Since the detection device 100 includes the voltage acquisition circuit 1, it also has the above-mentioned technical effects brought by the voltage acquisition circuit 1. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present application belong to the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these changes and variations. The above-listed are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and of course they cannot be used to limit the scope of the rights of the present application. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still belong to the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A voltage acquisition circuit comprising: A voltage conversion circuit, used for receiving an external input voltage and stepping down the external input voltage to obtain a stepped-down voltage, so that the working voltage of the voltage acquisition circuit is the stepped-down voltage; A collection interface, electrically connected to an external circuit to be detected, and used to collect the voltage of the external circuit to be detected to obtain a collection voltage; A microprocessor, including a digital-to-analog converter, the microprocessor is electrically connected to the acquisition interface and is used to receive the acquisition voltage transmitted by the acquisition interface, and the digital-to-analog converter is used to convert the acquisition voltage to obtain voltage data; as well as The serial port interfaces are electrically connected to the microprocessors respectively, wherein the microprocessors are communicatively connected to the external processing devices via the serial port interfaces, and are used to transmit the voltage data to the external processing devices.

2. The voltage acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition interface includes an acquisition pin, a voltage regulator and a voltage divider, and the voltage regulator and the voltage divider are electrically connected to the acquisition pin at the same time.

3. The voltage acquisition circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition interface includes a plurality of acquisition pins, and each acquisition pin is respectively connected to a voltage regulator and a voltage divider.

4. The voltage acquisition circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the plurality of acquisition pins is eight.

5. The voltage acquisition circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage regulator is a voltage regulator diode, and the voltage divider is a voltage divider resistor. The positive electrode of each voltage regulator diode is connected to the step-down voltage, and the negative electrode is electrically connected to the corresponding pin. One end of each voltage divider resistor is electrically connected to the corresponding pin, and the other end of the voltage divider resistor is grounded.

6. The voltage acquisition circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The acquisition interface further includes a clamping diode, one end of which is connected to the step-down voltage and electrically connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator diode, and the other end of which is grounded.

7. The voltage acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The serial port interface includes a sending pin, a receiving pin and two light emitting diodes, the anodes of the two light emitting diodes are respectively connected to the step-down voltage, and the cathodes of the two light emitting diodes are respectively electrically connected to the sending pin and the receiving pin.

8. The voltage acquisition circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The input voltage is 5.5V, and the step-down voltage is 3.3V.

9. The voltage acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition circuit also includes a USB interface, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is also communicatively connected to an external processing device through the USB interface for transmitting the voltage data to the external processing device.

10. A detection device, characterized in that: The detection equipment comprises: The voltage acquisition circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9; and A data processing device is communicatively connected with the voltage acquisition circuit.

Images