Reverse connection protection circuit and electronic device

Abstract

A reverse connection protection circuit and an electronic device are characterized in that the reverse connection protection circuit comprises a first driving module and a signal output module; one end of the first driving module is electrically connected with the first switch tube, the signal output module comprises a first switch element and a second switch element, the first switch element is electrically connected with the first driving module, and the second switch element is electrically connected with the MCU; if the power supply is reversely connected, the first switch element is used for outputting a first driving signal to the first driving module, and the second switch element is used for outputting a second driving signal to the MCU; the first driving module is configured to control the first switching tube to be switched off when receiving the first driving signal. According to the utility model, through mutual cooperation of the first switch element, the second switch element, the first driving module and the second driving module, when the charger is reversely connected, the circuit turn-off speed can be increased, and the battery or the charger is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and more specifically to a reverse connection protection circuit and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of green new energy industry in recent years, power supplies are increasingly used by people. However, there is a problem both at the power production end and at the power use end. When the positive and negative poles of the power charger are reversely connected in the power system, the life of the power supply will be seriously affected, and some components of the test or power charging system will be damaged.

[0003] DC charging must ensure that the positive and negative poles of the charger are correctly connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply, that is, the positive pole of the charger is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the negative pole of the charger is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. When the charger interface is reversely inserted into the power charging port, the power supply and the charger may be connected in series. This situation is very dangerous and will cause damage to the charger and power cell, especially in high-power electrical appliances such as electric vehicles. In severe cases, it may even cause a fire, resulting in huge economic losses and casualties. Therefore, the hazards caused by the reverse connection of the charger must be considered when designing a power management system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problem. According to one aspect of the present application, a reverse connection protection circuit is provided, which includes: a first driving module, one end of which is electrically connected to a first switch tube, and a signal output module, which includes a first switch element and a second switch element, the first switch element is electrically connected to the first driving module, and the second switch element is electrically connected to the MCU. If the power supply is reversed, the first switch element is used to output a first drive signal to the first driving module, and the second switch element is used to output a second drive signal to the MCU. The first driving module is configured to control the first switch tube to disconnect when the first drive signal is received.

[0005] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the reverse connection protection circuit also includes a second driving module, one end of the second driving module is electrically connected to the second switch tube, and the other end of the second driving module is electrically connected to the AFE. If the power supply is reversed, the second switch element outputs a second drive signal to the MCU, and the MCU outputs a third drive signal to the AFE. The AFE is used to output a fourth drive signal to the second driving module, and the second driving module is configured to control the second switch tube to disconnect when receiving the fourth drive signal.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the reverse connection protection circuit also includes: an alarm module, the alarm module is electrically connected to the MCU, the MCU outputs a fifth drive signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module is configured to output an alarm signal when receiving the fifth drive signal.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the first end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the first driving module, the second end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the negative pole of the charger plug terminal, and the third end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply; the first end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the second driving module, the second end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the second end of the first switch tube, and the third end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the negative pole of the charger plug terminal.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the first switch element includes an optocoupler or a relay, and the second switch element includes an optocoupler or a relay.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the signal output module also includes: a first diode, the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the second pin of the second switching element, and the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply; a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the third pin of the first switching element, and the other end of the first resistor is grounded; a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the second switching element, and the other end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the MCU; a third resistor, one end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the second switching element, and the other end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first power supply signal.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the first driving module includes: a third switch tube, a first end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the second power supply signal, a second end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and a third end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube; a fourth switch tube, a first end of the fourth switch tube is grounded, a second end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and a third end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch; a second diode, an anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the second power supply signal, and a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube; a third diode, an anode of the third diode is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and a cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the AFE.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the second driving module includes: a fifth switch tube, a first end of the fifth switch tube is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube, a second end of the fifth switch tube is grounded, and a third end of the fifth switch tube is electrically connected to the AFE; a sixth switch tube, a first end of the sixth switch tube is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube, and the third end of the sixth switch tube is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube; a seventh switch tube, a first end of the seventh switch tube is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube, a second end of the seventh switch tube is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube, and the third end of the seventh switch tube is electrically connected to the second end of the sixth switch tube; a fourth diode, a positive electrode of the fourth diode is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube, and a negative electrode of the fourth diode is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the signal output module also includes: a fifth diode, the anode of the fifth diode is electrically connected to the second pin of the first switching element, and the cathode of the fifth diode is electrically connected to the first pin of the first switching element; a sixth diode, the anode of the sixth diode is electrically connected to the second pin of the second switching element, and the cathode of the sixth diode is electrically connected to the first pin of the second switching element.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the first driving module also includes: an eighth resistor, one end of the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the third end of the third switch tube, and the other end of the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube; a ninth resistor, one end of the ninth resistor is electrically connected to the third end of the fourth switch tube, and the other end of the ninth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube; a tenth resistor, one end of the tenth resistor is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and the other end of the tenth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube; an eleventh resistor, one end of the eleventh resistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the second diode, and the other end of the eleventh resistor is electrically connected to the second power supply signal; a twelfth resistor, one end of the twelfth resistor is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and the other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the second driving module also includes: a seventh diode, the anode of the seventh diode is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth switch tube, and the cathode of the seventh diode is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube; an eighth diode, the anode of the eighth diode is electrically connected to the second end of the seventh switch tube, and the cathode of the eighth diode is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the signal output module also includes: a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first pin of the first switching element, one end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the third end of the second switching tube, and the other end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the other end of the fifth resistor; a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor, one end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the first diode, one end of the seventh resistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the other end of the seventh resistor.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the second driving module also includes: a thirteenth resistor, one end of the thirteenth resistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the eighth diode, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube; a fourteenth resistor, one end of the fourteenth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube; a fifteenth resistor, one end of the fifteenth resistor is electrically connected to the AFE, and the other end of the fifteenth resistor is grounded; a sixteenth resistor, one end of the sixteenth resistor is electrically connected to the AFE, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor is electrically connected to the third end of the fifth switch tube; a seventeenth resistor, one end of the seventeenth resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth switch tube, and the other end of the seventeenth resistor is grounded.

[0017] On the other hand, the present application provides an electronic device, including a power supply, a charger module, and any one of the reverse connection protection circuits mentioned above, wherein the reverse connection protection circuit is electrically connected to the power supply and the charger module.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the first driving module 10 is electrically connected to the first switch tube 11, the other end of the first driving module 10 is electrically connected to the signal output module 30, and the other end of the signal output module 30 is electrically connected to the MCU; the signal output module 30 includes a first switch element 310 and a second switch element 320, the first switch element 310 is electrically connected to the first driving module 10, if the power supply 50 is reversed, the first switch element 310 is used to output a first driving signal to the first driving module 10, the second switch element 320 is electrically connected to the MCU, and the second switch element 320 is used to output a second driving signal to the MCU, and the first driving module 10 is configured to control the first switch tube 11 to disconnect when receiving the first driving signal.

[0019] Optional, such as Figure 2As shown, the reverse connection protection circuit also includes a second driving module 20, one end of the second driving module 20 is electrically connected to the second switch tube 21, and the other end of the second driving module 20 is electrically connected to the AFE. If the power supply 50 is reversed, the second switch element 320 outputs a second driving signal to the MCU, and the MCU outputs a third driving signal to the AFE. The AFE is used to output a fourth driving signal to the second driving module 20. The second driving module 20 is configured to control the second switch tube 21 to disconnect when receiving the fourth driving signal.

[0020] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, the reverse connection protection circuit also includes an alarm module 40, the alarm module 40 is electrically connected to the MCU, the MCU outputs a fifth drive signal to the alarm module 40, and the alarm module 40 is configured to output an alarm signal when receiving the fifth drive signal. The first drive signal, the second drive signal, the third drive signal, the fourth drive signal, and the fifth drive signal are signals of the same type and are all generated under the condition that the power supply 50 is reversely connected.

[0021] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first end of the first switch tube 11 is electrically connected to the first driving module 10, the second end of the first switch tube 11 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the charger plug terminal, and the third end of the first switch tube 11 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply 50; the first end of the second switch tube 21 is electrically connected to the second driving module 20, the second end of the second switch tube 21 is electrically connected to the second end of the first switch tube 11, and the third end of the second switch tube 21 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the charger plug terminal.

[0022] Optional, such as Figure 5As shown, the specific circuit structure of the signal output module 30 is shown in the figure. Taking the first switch element 310 and the second switch element 320 as an optical coupler as an example, the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second pin of the second switch element 320, the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the anode of the power supply 50, one end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the third pin of the first switch element 310, the other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded, one end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the second switch element 320, the other end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the MCU, one end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the second switch element 320, the other end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the first power signal, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is electrically connected to the second pin of the first switch element 310, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the anode of the first power supply 50. The cathode of the fifth diode D5 is electrically connected to the first pin of the first switching element 310, the anode of the sixth diode D6 is electrically connected to the second pin of the second switching element 320, the cathode of the sixth diode D6 is electrically connected to the first pin of the second switching element 320, one end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the first pin of the first switching element 310, one end of the fifth resistor R5 is electrically connected to the third end of the second switching tube 21, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the other end of the fifth resistor R5, one end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, one end of the seventh resistor R7 is electrically connected to the anode of the power supply 50, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the other end of the seventh resistor R7.

[0023] Optional, such as Figure 6As shown, the specific circuit structure of the first driving module 10 is shown in the figure. The first end of the third switch tube 103 is electrically connected to the second power supply signal, the second end of the third switch tube 103 is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element 310, the third end of the third switch tube 103 is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube 11, the first end of the fourth switch tube 104 is grounded, the second end of the fourth switch tube 104 is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element 310, the third end of the fourth switch tube 104 is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube 11, the anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second power supply signal, the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube 103, the anode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element 310, the cathode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the AFE, and the eighth One end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected to the third end of the third switch tube 103, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube 11, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to the third end of the fourth switch tube 104, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube 11, one end of the tenth resistor R10 is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element 310, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube 103, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is electrically connected to the anode of the second diode D2, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is electrically connected to the second power supply signal, one end of the twelfth resistor R12 is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element 310, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is grounded.

[0024] Optional, such as Figure 7As shown, the specific circuit structure of the second driving module 20 is shown in the figure. The first end of the fifth switch tube 205 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube 21, the second end of the fifth switch tube 205 is grounded, the third end of the fifth switch tube 205 is electrically connected to the AFE, the first end of the sixth switch tube 206 is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube 21, the third end of the sixth switch tube 206 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube 21, the first end of the seventh switch tube 207 is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube 21, the second end of the seventh switch tube 207 is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube 21, the third end of the seventh switch tube 207 is electrically connected to the second end of the sixth switch tube 206, the anode of the fourth diode D4 is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube 21, the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube 21, the anode of the seventh diode D7 is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth switch tube 205, and the cathode of the seventh diode D7 is electrically connected to the second switch tube 21. A first end of the second switch tube 21 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube 21, an anode of the eighth diode D8 is electrically connected to the second end of the seventh switch tube 207, a cathode of the eighth diode D8 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube 21, one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is electrically connected to the cathode of the eighth diode D8, the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube 21, one end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube 21, the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube 21, one end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is electrically connected to the AFE, the other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is grounded, one end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is electrically connected to the AFE, the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is electrically connected to the third end of the fifth switch tube 205, one end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth switch tube 205, and the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is grounded.

[0025] A reverse connection protection circuit and an electronic device according to the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: the utility model can improve the circuit shutdown speed when the charger is reversely connected by cooperating with the first switch element, the second switch element, the first drive module and the second drive module, thereby avoiding damage to the battery or charger caused by the series connection of the charger and the battery, and improving the circuit safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural block diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit according to a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural block diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit according to another specific embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural block diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit according to another specific embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural block diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit according to another specific embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a circuit diagram of a signal output module according to a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a circuit diagram of a first driving module according to a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a circuit of a second driving module according to a specific embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present application. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present application, some technical features well known in the art are not described.

[0034] It should be understood that the present application can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments presented herein. On the contrary, providing these embodiments will make the disclosure thorough and complete and fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. In the accompanying drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity. The same reference numerals throughout represent the same elements.

[0035] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as "on ...", "adjacent to ...", "connected to" or "coupled to" other elements or layers, it can be directly on, adjacent to, connected to or coupled to other elements or layers, or there can be intervening elements or layers. On the contrary, when an element is referred to as "directly on ...", "directly adjacent to ...", "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" other elements or layers, there are no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or parts, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or part from another element, component, region, layer or part. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the present application, the first element, component, region, layer or part discussed below can be represented as a second element, component, region, layer or part.

[0036] Spatially relative terms such as "under," "below," "below," "under," "above," "above," etc., may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relationship of an element or feature shown in the figures to other elements or features. It should be understood that in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, the spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is flipped, then the elements or features described as "under other elements" or "under" or "under" will be oriented as "on" the other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" may include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatial descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0037] Some implementation methods of the present utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the reverse connection protection circuit is composed of a signal output module 30 , a first driving module 10 , a first switch tube 11 , a second switch tube 21 , an MCU, an AFE, a second driving module 20 , and an alarm module 40 .

[0039] The signal output module 30 includes a first switch element 310, a second switch element 320, a first diode D1 to prevent reverse connection, a fifth diode D5 to protect the first switch element 310, a sixth diode D6 to protect the second switch element 320, a fourth current-limiting resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a seventh resistor R8 with a current-limiting function, a third resistor R3 as a pull-up resistor, a first resistor R1 as a pull-down resistor, and a second resistor R2 as an impedance matching resistor. The fourth pin of the first switch element 310 outputs a reverse connection signal to the first driving module 10 when the charger is reversely connected, and performs a fast shutdown action. The fourth pin of the first switch element 310 is connected to the base of the third switch tube 103 and the fourth switch tube 104 in the first driving module 10, and is used for the fourth switch tube 104 to turn on and the third switch tube 103 to turn off when the charger is reversely connected, so as to accelerate the shutdown of the first switch tube 11. The reverse voltage of the first diode D1, the fifth diode D5, and the sixth diode D6 must be greater than the output voltage of the charger and the discharge voltage of the power supply 50. The selection of the above-mentioned current limiting resistor needs to be based on the charger output voltage Vout, the light-emitting diode conduction voltage Vc in the optocoupler, the conduction voltage VD1 of the first diode D1 and the rated current I of the optocoupler. The specific selection method is:

[0040] (R4+R5+R6+R7)=(Vout-2Vc-VD1) / I

[0041] The reverse breakdown voltage of the first diode D1 needs to be greater than the output voltage of the charger.

[0042] The above resistance values, diode current and withstand voltage values ​​can be changed according to the circuit conditions.

[0043] The first driving module 10 is composed of a third switch tube 103, a fourth switch tube 104, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a second diode D2, and a third diode D3. The third switch tube 103 is an NPN transistor, and the fourth switch tube 104 is a PNP transistor. The common end of the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the gate of the first switch tube 11, which is used to control the first switch tube 11 to be turned on and off.

[0044] The second driving module 20 is composed of a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18, a nineteenth resistor R19, a fifth switch tube 205 which are all PNP type transistors, a sixth switch tube 206, a seventh switch tube 207, a seventh diode D7 which is a Schottky diode, an eighth diode D8, and a fourth diode D4 which is a voltage zener diode; the fifteenth resistor R15, the sixteenth resistor R16, and the seventeenth resistor R17 form a voltage divider circuit, and the voltage divided by the fifteenth resistor R15 provides a conduction voltage for the fifth switch tube 205. When the AFE output is a high level signal, the collector and emitter of the fifth switch tube 205 are turned on, and the current The current flows to the gate of the second switch tube 21, making the gate of the second switch tube 21 high level, and the second switch tube 21 is turned on; when the AFE output is a low level signal, the fifth switch tube 205 is not turned on, and the gate charge of the second switch tube 21 is quickly discharged through the thirteenth resistor R13, the sixth switch tube 206, and the seventh switch tube 207, so as to quickly turn off the second switch tube 21; the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fourth diode D4 are connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the second switch tube 21, so as to stabilize the voltage and protect the second switch tube 21; when the charger is reversely connected, the MCU will receive the alarm signal of the second switch element 320, and the MCU will send a signal to the AFE, and the AFE will control the second driving module 20 to turn off the second switch tube 21.

[0045] The functions of the important components in the reverse connection protection circuit are as follows: the first switch element 310 cooperates with the first resistor R1 to provide a disconnect signal DIS_PR to the first switch tube 11 when the charger is reversely connected; the second switch element 320 cooperates with the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 to provide a reverse connection signal DIS_CHG to the MCU; the first diode D1 is an anti-reverse diode. When the charger is normally connected, the voltage of the charger is reversely applied to the first diode D1, and the first diode D1 cannot be turned on; the first driving module 10 is used to quickly drive the first switch tube 11.

[0046] The circuit working principle of the reverse connection protection circuit is as follows: when the charger is normally connected to the charger interface of the power supply 50, that is, the positive pole of the charger is connected to the positive pole of the power supply 50, and the negative pole of the charger is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 50, the AFE detects that the charger is connected, and controls the first switch tube 11 and the second switch tube 21 to turn on. At this time, the first diode D1 is in a reverse connection state and cannot be turned on. At the same time, the light-emitting diodes of the first switch element 310 and the second switch element 320 are also in a reverse connection state and do not emit light. The phototransistor of the second switch element 320 is cut off, and the second resistor R2 outputs a high voltage signal to the MCU, and the MCU defaults to normal charging. At the same time, the output state of the first drive module 10 is controlled by the AFE discharge signal and is not affected by the first switch element 310. When the charger is reversely connected to the charger interface of the power supply 50, that is, the negative pole of the charger is connected to the positive pole of the power supply 50, and the positive pole of the charger is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 50, the light-emitting diodes and the first diode D1 in the first switch element 310 and the second switch element 320 are turned on, so that the phototransistor in the first switch element 310 is turned on, the third switch tube 103 is turned off, and the fourth switch tube 104 is turned on, and then the gate of the first switch tube 11 is discharged, and the first switch tube 11 is turned off, that is, the series connection between the charger and the power supply 50 is disconnected. At the same time, the phototransistor in the second switch element 320 is turned on, and the second resistor R2 sends a low voltage signal to the MCU, indicating that the charger is reversely connected. The MCU makes corresponding control actions and gives prompts and alarm signals.

[0047] The fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 in the reverse connection protection circuit can be replaced by a resistor with a resistance value equal to the sum of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 can also be replaced by a resistor with a resistance value equal to the sum of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7.

[0048] The utility model can solve the problem that when the charger is reversely connected, the charger and the battery are connected in series, causing damage to the battery or the charger. The utility model adopts a dual optical coupler design, the quick disconnection of the first switch tube is controlled by the first switch element, and the signal to the MCU is provided by the second switch element, which has a dual protection function and realizes the isolation of high voltage and low voltage at the same time; at the same time, the circuit is designed with protection diodes, the fifth diode and the sixth diode, which are respectively used to protect the first switch element and the second switch element to avoid the first switch element and the second switch element from being burned by overvoltage; when the charger is reversely connected, the first drive module also improves the shutdown speed.

[0049] Although example embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above example embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application to this. Those of ordinary skill in the art may make various changes and modifications therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. All these changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as required by the appended claims.

[0050] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present application and help understand one or more of the various application aspects, in the description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the various features of the present application are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the method of the present application should not be interpreted as reflecting the following intention: the claimed application requires more features than the features clearly stated in each claim. More specifically, as reflected in the corresponding claims, the application point is that the corresponding technical problem can be solved with less than all the features of a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the specific embodiment are hereby explicitly incorporated into the specific embodiment, wherein each claim itself serves as a separate embodiment of the present application.

[0051] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments is meant to be within the scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0052] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate rather than limit the present application, and that those skilled in the art may devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference symbol between brackets should not be construed as a limitation to the claims. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. A reverse connection protection circuit, characterized in that: The reverse connection protection circuit comprises: A first driving module, one end of which is electrically connected to the first switch tube; A signal output module, the signal output module comprising a first switch element and a second switch element, the first switch element is electrically connected to the first driving module, and the second switch element is electrically connected to the MCU; If the power supply is reversely connected, the first switch element is used to output a first drive signal to the first drive module, and the second switch element is used to output a second drive signal to the MCU; The first driving module is configured to control the first switch tube to be turned off when receiving the first driving signal.

2. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse connection protection circuit also includes: A second driving module, one end of the second driving module is electrically connected to the second switch tube, and the other end of the second driving module is electrically connected to the AFE; If the power supply is reversely connected, the second switch element outputs a second drive signal to the MCU, the MCU outputs a third drive signal to the AFE, and the AFE is used to output a fourth drive signal to the second drive module; The second driving module is configured to control the second switch tube to be turned off when receiving the fourth driving signal.

3. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse connection protection circuit also includes: An alarm module is electrically connected to the MCU, the MCU outputs a fifth driving signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module is configured to output an alarm signal when receiving the fifth driving signal.

4. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that , The first end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the first driving module, the second end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the charger plug-in terminal, and the third end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply; The first end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the second driving module, the second end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the second end of the first switch tube, and the third end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the charger plug-in terminal.

5. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch element includes a photocoupler or a relay, and the second switch element includes a photocoupler or a relay.

6. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal output module also includes: a first diode, wherein an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the second pin of the second switch element, and a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply; a first resistor, one end of the first resistor being electrically connected to the third pin of the first switch element, and the other end of the first resistor being grounded; a second resistor, one end of the second resistor being electrically connected to the fourth pin of the second switch element, and the other end of the second resistor being electrically connected to the MCU; A third resistor, one end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the second switch element, and the other end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first power signal.

7. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first driving module comprises: a third switch tube, wherein a first end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the second power supply signal, a second end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and a third end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube; a fourth switch tube, wherein a first end of the fourth switch tube is grounded, a second end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to a fourth pin of the first switch element, and a third end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to a first end of the first switch tube; a second diode, wherein an anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the second power supply signal, and a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to a first end of the third switch tube; A third diode, wherein an anode of the third diode is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and a cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the AFE.

8. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second driving module comprises: a fifth switch tube, wherein a first end of the fifth switch tube is electrically connected to a first end of the second switch tube, a second end of the fifth switch tube is grounded, and a third end of the fifth switch tube is electrically connected to the AFE; a sixth switch tube, wherein a first end of the sixth switch tube is electrically connected to a third end of the second switch tube, and a third end of the sixth switch tube is electrically connected to a first end of the second switch tube; a seventh switch tube, wherein a first end of the seventh switch tube is electrically connected to a third end of the second switch tube, a second end of the seventh switch tube is electrically connected to a third end of the second switch tube, and a third end of the seventh switch tube is electrically connected to a second end of the sixth switch tube; A fourth diode, wherein an anode of the fourth diode is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube, and a cathode of the fourth diode is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube.

9. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal output module also includes: a fifth diode, wherein an anode of the fifth diode is electrically connected to the second pin of the first switch element, and a cathode of the fifth diode is electrically connected to the first pin of the first switch element; A sixth diode, wherein an anode of the sixth diode is electrically connected to the second pin of the second switch element, and a cathode of the sixth diode is electrically connected to the first pin of the second switch element.

10. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first driving module further includes: an eighth resistor, one end of the eighth resistor being electrically connected to the third end of the third switch tube, and the other end of the eighth resistor being electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube; a ninth resistor, one end of the ninth resistor being electrically connected to the third end of the fourth switch tube, and the other end of the ninth resistor being electrically connected to the first end of the first switch tube; a tenth resistor, one end of the tenth resistor being electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and the other end of the tenth resistor being electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube; an eleventh resistor, one end of the eleventh resistor being electrically connected to the anode of the second diode, and the other end of the eleventh resistor being electrically connected to the second power signal; A twelfth resistor, one end of the twelfth resistor is electrically connected to the fourth pin of the first switch element, and the other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded.

11. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second driving module further includes: a seventh diode, wherein an anode of the seventh diode is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth switch tube, and a cathode of the seventh diode is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube; An eighth diode, wherein an anode of the eighth diode is electrically connected to the second end of the seventh switch tube, and a cathode of the eighth diode is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube.

12. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The signal output module also includes: a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein one end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first pin of the first switch element, one end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube, and the other end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the other end of the fifth resistor; A sixth resistor and a seventh resistor, one end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode, one end of the seventh resistor is electrically connected to the anode of the power supply, and the other end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the other end of the seventh resistor.

13. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The second driving module further includes: a thirteenth resistor, one end of the thirteenth resistor being electrically connected to the cathode of the eighth diode, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor being electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube; a fourteenth resistor, one end of the fourteenth resistor being electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor being electrically connected to the third end of the second switch tube; a fifteenth resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the AFE, and the other end of which is grounded; a sixteenth resistor, one end of the sixteenth resistor being electrically connected to the AFE, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor being electrically connected to the third end of the fifth switch tube; A seventeenth resistor, one end of the seventeenth resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth switch tube, and the other end of the seventeenth resistor is grounded.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device comprises a power module, a charger module, and a reverse connection protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the reverse connection protection circuit is electrically connected to the power module and the charger module.

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