Portable railway vehicle taper hole measuring instrument

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of taper hole measurement, and particularly relates to a portable railway vehicle taper hole measuring instrument. The device mainly comprises two dial gauges which are respectively installed on a T-shaped workpiece, the T-shaped workpiece comprises a first installation rod and a second installation rod, and the dial gauges can be installed on a long-dimension section or a short-dimension section through fastening bolts and are used for measuring standard long and short taper holes. Besides, the first mounting rod comprises a fixed sleeve and a movable rod, and the movable rod can be inserted into the fixed sleeve and locked through a limiting knob so as to adapt to measurement of taper holes with different lengths. In order to meet the measurement requirements of different apertures, an extension rod can be installed on the measuring rod of the dial indicator. According to the utility model, the selected dial indicator has a Bluetooth wireless transmission function, so that manual intervention is reduced, and a worker can more intuitively know the measurement result of the taper hole. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, high measurement precision and the like, and is suitable for on-site rapid measurement of railway vehicle taper holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of cone hole measurement, and in particular relates to a portable railway vehicle cone hole measuring instrument. Background Art

[0002] In the railway vehicle equipment manufacturing industry, the dimensional accuracy and taper of tapered holes have an important impact on the performance and safety of railway vehicles. However, with the continuous development of modern railway vehicle technology, the requirements for the aperture size and taper of tapered holes are becoming higher and higher, and traditional measurement methods can no longer meet the needs of modern railway vehicle equipment manufacturing.

[0003] At present, the main challenge of measuring the tapered hole of railway vehicles lies in the accuracy and efficiency of measuring large taper apertures. For example, the measuring aperture range is (100-200) mm, the tolerance grade is H7, the taper reaches 15:100 or more, and the measurement accuracy can be controlled within 5μm. Commonly used tapered hole measurement methods include the comparison method, which is to process a tapered gauge made with the maximum and minimum limit sizes, and one pass and one stop are qualified. Although this measurement method is efficient, it can only judge whether it is qualified, and cannot provide specific measurement values, which is not conducive to quality control and refined management in the production process.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a measuring instrument with simple structure, easy operation and low personnel requirements, which can measure large taper apertures, measure a wide range of apertures, and have accurate tolerance levels, while the measurement accuracy can reach the micron level. This measuring instrument can not only improve the production efficiency and product quality of the railway vehicle equipment manufacturing industry, but also provide more accurate data support for the production process, thereby promoting the technological progress and development of the entire industry. Utility Model Content

[0005] Aiming at the shortcomings of the commonly used tapered hole measurement methods such as the comparison method in the background technology, the utility model uses two micrometers respectively installed on the T-shaped workpiece, and uses the measured values ​​to calculate the large end diameter and the cone angle of the tapered hole to achieve the calibration of the tapered hole of the workpiece to be measured, so that quality control and refined management can be achieved in the production process, meeting the needs of modern railway vehicle equipment manufacturing. Based on this, the utility model provides a convenient railway vehicle tapered hole measuring instrument.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a portable railway vehicle cone hole measuring instrument, including two micrometers of the same specification, the micrometer including a dial and sleeves symmetrically arranged on both sides thereof, measuring rods movably arranged on the two sleeves, the two micrometers are respectively installed on a T-shaped workpiece, the T-shaped workpiece includes a first mounting rod and a second mounting rod, the second mounting rod is vertically fixed on the first mounting rod, and both are provided with an insertion hole and a screw hole connected thereto, the sleeve is inserted in the insertion hole, and a fastening bolt is screwed into the screw hole to contact the sleeve, so that the micrometer is fixed on the first mounting rod or the second mounting rod, the two dials are installed side by side on the first mounting rod or the second mounting rod, and the center line of the two coincides with the axis of the cone hole of the workpiece to be measured.

[0007] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, the first mounting rod divides the second mounting rod into two parts, a long size segment and a short size segment, through a connection point, and two insertion holes and two screw holes are provided on both, and the two micrometers are respectively installed on the long size segment or the short size segment through the fastening bolts, and are respectively used to measure the standard long and short tapered holes.

[0008] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, the first mounting rod includes two parts, a fixed sleeve and a movable rod, both of which are provided with an insertion hole and a screw hole. The movable rod is inserted into the fixed sleeve, and a limit knob is provided on the fixed sleeve. The movable rod is locked in the fixed sleeve by the limit knob, and the two micrometers are respectively installed on the fixed sleeve and the movable rod by the fastening bolts.

[0009] As a further supplement to the above technical solution, extension rods are respectively installed on the two measuring rods of the micrometer through locking nuts to increase the aperture measurement range of the workpiece to be measured.

[0010] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, the extension rod includes a hollow rod and an externally threaded tube matching the locking nut is arranged on its end, and a plurality of cracks are radially arranged on the externally threaded tube. The measuring rod is inserted into the hollow rod and fixed by rotating the locking nut to press and fit the plurality of cracks on the externally threaded tube.

[0011] As a further supplement to the above technical solution, the micrometer is equipped with a built-in Bluetooth transmitter for transmitting the measured data to the measurement system of the host computer in a wireless manner.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] 1. The utility model adopts two micrometers of the same specification, which are respectively installed on the long size section and the short size section of the T-shaped workpiece, so that the measuring instrument can easily adapt to the measurement needs of tapered holes of different sizes. This design not only improves the measurement efficiency, but also reduces the difficulty of operation, and is particularly suitable for on-site rapid measurement.

[0014] 2. The utility model provides a movable rod and a limit knob on the first mounting rod, so that the micrometer can be flexibly adjusted between the fixed sleeve and the movable rod, further improving the accuracy and flexibility of measurement. This design is particularly suitable for measuring tapered holes with different tapers or inclination angles.

[0015] 3. The utility model can conveniently expand the measuring range of the micrometer by introducing the design of the extension rod, so that it can adapt to the measurement of tapered holes with larger apertures. The extension rod adopts a combination structure of a hollow rod and an externally threaded tube, and is fixed by rotating the locking nut, with a simple structure and convenient operation.

[0016] 4. The measuring principle of the cone hole measuring instrument of the utility model adopts the comparative measurement method. By measuring the diameters of two fixed height sections after calibration, the large end diameter of the cone hole, the cone angle and other parameters can be accurately calculated. This measurement method has the advantages of high precision and high reliability, and is particularly suitable for the field of railway vehicle manufacturing and maintenance with high requirements for cone hole quality.

[0017] 5. The micrometer selected by the utility model has a built-in Bluetooth transmitter and a Bluetooth wireless transmission function, which can realize the wireless transmission of the measured data to the measurement system of the host computer. Therefore, the measurement process of the utility model can reduce manual intervention, not only making the operation process of the railway vehicle cone hole measurement more concise and efficient, but also allowing the staff to understand the measurement results of the cone hole more intuitively.

[0018] 6. Compared with the traditional measurement method, the advantages of the utility model in measuring the cone hole of railway vehicles are reflected in improving work efficiency, measurement accuracy, degree of automation, data processing capability, easy integration and expansion, and improved safety. These advantages can not only meet the needs of modern railway vehicle cone hole measurement, but also provide strong support for the sustainable development of the railway industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the cone hole measuring instrument of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the structural diagram of the T-shaped workpiece in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is an assembly diagram of the extension rod of the utility model using a locking nut and a micrometer;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the extension rod in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 The figure is the principle diagram of the cone hole measuring instrument of the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: T-shaped workpiece is 1, micrometer is 2, dial is 201, sleeve is 202, measuring rod is 203, extension rod is 3, hollow rod is 301, external threaded pipe is 302, crack is 303, locking nut is 4, fastening bolt is 5

[0025] Among them, the T-shaped workpiece includes: a first mounting rod 101, a fixed sleeve 1011, a movable rod 1012, a limit knob 1013, a second mounting rod 102, a long size segment 1021, a short size segment 1022, an insertion hole 103, and a screw hole 104. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to further illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, the following Figures 1 to 5 According to the assembly and specific measuring operation process of the cone hole measuring instrument, we further illustrate the utility model through three embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0027] As attached Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a portable railway vehicle cone hole measuring instrument includes two micrometers 2 of the same specification, the micrometer 2 includes a dial 201 and sleeves 202 symmetrically arranged on both sides thereof, and measuring rods 203 are movably arranged on the two sleeves 202, and the two micrometers 2 are respectively installed on a T-shaped workpiece 1, and the T-shaped workpiece 1 includes a first mounting rod 101 and a second mounting rod 102. The second mounting rod 102 is vertically fixed on the first mounting rod 101, and the first mounting rod 101 divides the second mounting rod 102 into a long size segment 1021 and a short size segment 1022 through a connection point, and two insertion holes 103 and two screw holes 104 are arranged on both, and the two micrometers 2 are respectively installed on the long size segment 1021 or the short size segment 1022 through the fastening bolts 5, and are used to measure standard long and short cone holes respectively. The first mounting rod 101 includes two parts, a fixed sleeve 1011 and a movable rod 1012, both of which are provided with an insertion hole 103 and a screw hole 104. The movable rod 1012 is inserted into the fixed sleeve 1011, and a limit knob 1013 is provided on the fixed sleeve 1011. The movable rod 1012 is locked in the fixed sleeve 1011 by the limit knob 1013. The two micrometers 2 are respectively installed on the fixed sleeve 1011 and the movable rod 1012 by the fastening bolts 5.

[0028] In this embodiment, the micrometer and the T-shaped workpiece are assembled as follows: We select the specific installation position of the micrometer 2 according to the size of the tapered hole of the workpiece to be measured. During installation, the sleeves 202 on one side of the two micrometers 2 are respectively inserted into the corresponding insertion holes 103, and the fastening bolts 5 are screwed into the contact sleeves 202 through the screw holes 104, so that the micrometer 2 is fixed on the first mounting rod 101 or the second mounting rod 102, ensuring that the center line of the two dials 201 coincides with the axis of the tapered hole of the workpiece to be measured. Embodiment 2

[0029] In order to meet the measurement requirements of different workpiece taper holes, especially the measurement of taper holes with larger apertures. Figure 3 and 4 As shown, we install extension rods 3 on the two measuring rods 203 of the micrometer 2 through locking nuts 4, so as to increase the aperture measurement range of the workpiece to be measured. Embodiment 3

[0030] The micrometer 2 we selected has a built-in Bluetooth transmitter and Bluetooth wireless transmission function, which can transmit the measured data to the upper computer's measurement system wirelessly. This method not only greatly reduces the need for on-site inspection personnel to read the data manually and improves work efficiency, but also can automatically back up the measurement data of the workpiece to be measured, increasing the security and reliability of the data. This improvement not only improves the degree of automation of the measurement process, but also brings great convenience to data storage and management.

[0031] The specific measurement implementation method is as follows: the extension rod 3 includes a hollow rod 301 and an externally threaded tube 302 matching the locking nut 4 is arranged on its end, and a plurality of cracks 303 are radially arranged on the externally threaded tube 302. The measuring rod 203 is inserted into the hollow rod 301 and the locking nut 4 is rotated to press and fit the plurality of cracks 303 on the externally threaded tube 302 to achieve fixation.

[0032] The measurement principle is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the measurement principle is the same as that of the traditional internal diameter gauge. Both use the comparative measurement method. The measuring tool needs to be calibrated before use. The workpiece that has been accurately measured must be used as the standard material. This calibration method can avoid the error caused by the positioning height of the measuring tool. After the calibration is completed, the measurement is carried out. During the measurement, one end is fixed and remains stationary, and the other end slides along the circumferential direction. The change of the micrometer is observed. The maximum value is the inner hole measurement value. According to this method, the diameter measurement of two fixed height sections is completed, and the large end or small end diameter of the inner hole, the cone angle, etc. are obtained by calculation.

[0033] The calculation formula of the large end diameter is:

[0034]

[0035] Cone angle calculation formula:

[0036]

[0037] In the above calculation formula: D1 is the diameter of the measuring point at the large end of the tapered hole, D2 is the diameter of the measuring point at the small end of the tapered hole, L1 is the distance between the end face of the large end of the tapered hole and the measuring point at the large end, and L2 is the distance between the end face of the large end of the tapered hole and the measuring point at the small end.

[0038] The above shows and describes the main features and advantages of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the specific implementation of the utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the creative ideas and design ideas of the utility model can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the utility model, which should be equivalent to the protection scope disclosed in the technical solution of the utility model. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the utility model is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the utility model.

[0039] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A portable railway vehicle cone bore measuring instrument, comprising two micrometers (2) of the same specification, the micrometers (2) comprising a dial (201) and sleeves (202) symmetrically arranged on both sides thereof, and measuring rods (203) movably arranged on the two sleeves (202), characterized in that: The two micrometers (2) are respectively mounted on a T-shaped workpiece (1). The T-shaped workpiece (1) comprises a first mounting rod (101) and a second mounting rod (102). The second mounting rod (102) is vertically fixed on the first mounting rod (101). Both of the second mounting rods are provided with an insertion hole (103) and a screw hole (104) connected thereto. The sleeve (202) is inserted into the insertion hole (103). The fastening bolt (5) is screwed into the sleeve (202) through the screw hole (104) to contact the sleeve (202), so that the micrometer (2) is fixed on the first mounting rod (101) or the second mounting rod (102). The two dials (201) are mounted side by side on the first mounting rod (101) or the second mounting rod (102), and the center line of the two coincides with the axis of the tapered hole of the workpiece to be measured.

2. A portable railway vehicle cone hole measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mounting rod (101) is used to divide the second mounting rod (102) into two parts, a long-size section (1021) and a short-size section (1022), through a connection point. Two insertion holes (103) and two screw holes (104) are provided on both parts. The two micrometers (2) are respectively installed on the long-size section (1021) or the short-size section (1022) through the fastening bolts (5) to measure standard long and short tapered holes.

3. A portable railway vehicle cone hole measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mounting rod (101) comprises a fixed sleeve (1011) and a movable rod (1012), both of which are provided with an insertion hole (103) and a screw hole (104); the movable rod (1012) is inserted into the fixed sleeve (1011); a limit knob (1013) is provided on the fixed sleeve (1011); the movable rod (1012) is locked in the fixed sleeve (1011) by the limit knob (1013); and the two micrometers (2) are respectively mounted on the fixed sleeve (1011) and the movable rod (1012) by the fastening bolts (5).

4. A portable railway vehicle cone hole measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Extension rods (3) are respectively mounted on the two measuring rods (203) of the micrometer (2) via locking nuts (4) to increase the aperture measurement range of the workpiece to be measured.

5. A portable railway vehicle cone hole measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extension rod (3) comprises a hollow rod (301) and an externally threaded tube (302) matched with the locking nut (4) is arranged at the end thereof, a plurality of cracks (303) are radially arranged on the externally threaded tube (302), and the measuring rod (203) is inserted into the hollow rod (301) and fixed by pressing and fitting the plurality of cracks (303) on the externally threaded tube (302) by rotating the locking nut (4).

6. A portable railway vehicle cone hole measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 5, characterized in that: The micrometer (2) is equipped with a built-in Bluetooth transmitter for transmitting the measured data to a measurement system of a host computer in a wireless manner.

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