Farmland soil surface runoff collecting device
By designing a runoff collector including a semi-cylindrical solid body and a semi-circular filter, and combining a farmland soil surface runoff collection device with a collection container and a sampling pipeline, the problems of cumbersome operation, low collection efficiency and insufficient collection accuracy in the prior art are solved, and convenient, efficient and accurate runoff water sample collection is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420957971.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-06
AI Technical Summary
The existing farmland soil surface runoff collection device requires frequent excavation and burial, which is cumbersome to operate, has low collection efficiency, and cannot effectively collect runoff water immersed in the soil surface, which affects the collection accuracy.
A farmland soil surface runoff collection device including a runoff collector, a collection container and a sampling pipeline is designed. The runoff collector consists of a semi-cylindrical solid body and a semi-circular filter. The filter is located on the side of the soil surface runoff water in the direction of the soil surface runoff, and the sampling pipeline extends into the bottom of the collection container to facilitate water sampling.
There is no need for frequent excavation and burial, which facilitates the collection of runoff water samples, improves the collection efficiency of runoff water samples and the accuracy of water volume collection, and comprehensively collects runoff water on the surface and immersed in the soil surface.
Smart Images
Figure CN222599282U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of surface runoff collection, in particular to a farmland soil surface runoff collection device. Background Art
[0002] As we all know, farmland surface runoff is an important part of farmland water cycle and is of great significance to farmland soil environmental protection, soil and water conservation, water resources management and agricultural science research.
[0003] For example, a Chinese utility model patent discloses an experimental device for collecting surface runoff and underground leaching water from farmland (publication (announcement) number CN215218204U), which includes a soil column pipe, a runoff collection box, a rain cover and a leaching collection box. The upper end of the soil column pipe passes through the runoff collection box, the top of the runoff collection box is open, the top of the soil column pipe is lower than the top of the runoff collection box, a runoff sampling valve is provided on the side wall of the runoff collection box, the rain cover is sleeved over the runoff collection box, the rain cover is provided with a through hole corresponding to the soil column pipe, the lower end of the soil column pipe is connected to the leaching collection box, a dense hole partition is provided between the soil column pipe and the leaching collection box, the bottom of the leaching collection box is connected to a base, at least two depth sampling valves are provided on the side wall of the soil column pipe, and a leaching sampling valve is provided on the side wall of the leaching collection box. It is convenient for collecting runoff water samples, runoff water volume, leaching water volume, and also convenient for collecting leaching water samples at different depths. Through the study of the above water samples and water volume, it is convenient to study the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland.
[0004] However, when the inventor implemented this device, he found the following defects: the existing collection device needs to be buried underground, and then the collection device needs to be taken out by excavation, and then the runoff water samples need to be collected. The operation is cumbersome and the collection efficiency is low, which cannot meet the actual application needs; it can only collect flowing water on the surface of the ground, but part of the runoff water will penetrate into the surface of the soil and flow. This part of the runoff water sample is difficult to collect, affecting the collection accuracy of the soil sample surface runoff water sample; therefore, it is particularly important to develop a farmland soil surface runoff collection device with a simple structure, convenient sampling, high collection efficiency, and more accurate water sample collection. Utility Model Content
[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved
[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a farmland soil surface runoff collection device which does not require frequent excavation and burial of the collection device, facilitates the collection of runoff water samples, and improves the runoff water sample collection efficiency and the water volume collection accuracy.
[0007] (II) Technical solution
[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a farmland soil surface runoff collection device, comprising a runoff collector, a collecting container and a sampling pipe, the runoff collector is installed on the top of the collecting container, the runoff collector comprises a semi-cylindrical solid body and a semi-circular filter screen, the semi-cylindrical solid body and the semi-circular filter screen are enclosed in a cylindrical shape, the semi-circular filter screen is located on one side of the soil surface runoff water direction, one end of the sampling pipe extends into the bottom of the collecting container, and the other end of the sampling pipe extends from the soil surface.
[0009] Preferably, a flow meter is installed at the outlet end of the runoff collector; further, the flow meter is a conventionally known product on the market, and its specific principle and model are not further limited here. The flow meter may preferably be a remote flow meter for remote data transmission.
[0010] Preferably, an inner bottom wall of the collecting container is provided with an inclined ramp, and the inclined ramp is inclined toward the side where the sampling pipe extends into the collecting container.
[0011] Preferably, the space enclosed by the semi-cylindrical solid body and the semi-circular filter screen is filled with filter material; further, the filter material is preferably pebbles or expanded clay; the filter material may also be other equivalent materials that have a filtering effect on particulate matter.
[0012] Preferably, the top of the runoff collection container is 30 cm higher than the top of the collection container, and the top of the runoff collection container is flush with the soil surface.
[0013] Preferably, it also includes a connecting tube, one end of which is connected to the top of the collecting container, and the other end of which is connected to the sampling pipeline.
[0014] Preferably, a curved pipe with a port facing downward is provided on the top of the sampling pipeline.
[0015] Preferably, there is a height difference of at least 50 cm between the top of the curved pipe and the soil surface.
[0016] Preferably, it also includes a sampling hose, which extends into the collection container through the elbow and the sampling pipeline.
[0017] Preferably, the runoff collector is detachably connected to the collection container; further, the runoff collector is threadedly connected to the collection container or the runoff collector is detachably connected to the collection container via a flange, bolts, or the like.
[0018] (III) Beneficial effects
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a farmland soil surface runoff collection device, which has the following beneficial effects: the farmland soil surface runoff collection device, by burying the collection device underground, with the semicircular filter screen facing the side of the soil surface runoff water direction, the surface runoff directly enters the runoff collector through the upper port of the runoff collector and then falls into the collection container, while part of the water flow that penetrates into the soil surface enters the runoff collector through the semicircular filter screen, and the runoff on the soil surface and penetrated into the soil surface layer is comprehensively collected. When sampling is required, the water sample in the collection container can be directly taken through the sampling pipe, and there is no need to frequently excavate and bury the collection device, which facilitates the collection of runoff water samples and improves the runoff water sample collection efficiency and water volume collection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top plan structure of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 The utility model Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at AA in the middle;
[0023] Figure 4 The utility model Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at BB in the middle;
[0024] Markings in the attached figure: 1. runoff collector; 2. collecting container; 3. sampling pipe; 4. semi-cylindrical solid body; 5. semi-circular filter screen; 6. flow meter; 7. inclined ramp; 8. filter material; 9. connecting pipe; 10. elbow; 11. sampling hose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0026] See also Figure 1-4The utility model is a farmland soil surface runoff collection device, comprising a runoff collector 1, a collection container 2 and a sampling pipe 3. The runoff collector 1 is installed on the top of the collection container 2. The runoff collector 1 comprises a semi-cylindrical solid body 4 and a semi-circular filter screen 5. The semi-cylindrical solid body 4 and the semi-circular filter screen 5 are enclosed in a cylindrical shape. The semi-circular filter screen 5 is located on one side of the soil surface runoff water direction. One end of the sampling pipe 3 extends into the bottom of the collection container 2, and the other end of the sampling pipe 3 extends from the soil surface. The collector is preferably a cylindrical barrel with a diameter of 40 cm and a height of 70 cm. The runoff collector 1 is designed in a manner that half is a semi-cylindrical solid body 4 and the other half is a semi-circular filter screen 5. In this case, the runoff water can only enter the runoff collector 1 through one side of the semicircular filter 5, while the semi-cylindrical solid body 4 does not allow water to pass through. At this time, the collection area of the runoff water only needs to calculate the cross-sectional area of the semicircular filter 5, which is convenient for the subsequent calculation and processing of the runoff data (in theory, surface runoff can only migrate from upstream to downstream, so the collection surface only needs to open in the direction of the water flow; at the same time, in order to facilitate the accurate calculation of the collection area of the runoff water, the collection area is the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical body facing the direction of the incoming water, that is, 20cm*30cm=0.06㎡. With the collection area, the flow rate of surface runoff in the entire field or the entire study area can be reversed later).
[0027] For details, please refer to Figure 3 A flow meter 6 is installed at the outlet end of the runoff collector 1; further, the flow meter 6 is a conventionally known product on the market, and its specific principle and model are not further limited here. The flow meter 6 preferably has a remote flow meter for remote data transmission; the flow meter 6 can monitor the amount of water entering the collection container 2 through the runoff collector 1 in real time, and the operator can read and record the real-time water volume data, thereby improving the real-time and accuracy of data collection; and providing important data for farmland soil and water conservation and water resources management.
[0028] For details, please refer to Figure 3 The inner bottom wall of the collecting container 2 is provided with an inclined ramp 7, and the inclined ramp 7 is inclined toward the side where the sampling pipe 3 extends into the collecting container 2; through the above arrangement, the water collected in the collecting container 2 can flow toward the side of the sampling pipe 3, so that the water in the collecting container 2 can be completely and smoothly extracted through the sampling pipe 3, reducing the residual water sample in the collecting container 2 and avoiding the residual water sample from interfering with the accuracy of the next water sample collection.
[0029] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4The space enclosed between the semi-cylindrical solid body 4 and the semi-circular filter screen 5 is filled with filter material 8; further, the filter material 8 is preferably pebbles or expanded clay; the filter material 8 can also be made of other equivalent materials that have a filtering effect on particulate matter; the semi-circular filter screen 5 can remove most of the large particles in the runoff, and the filter material 8 can further filter the runoff to reduce the entry of fine particles in the water sample into the collection container 2.
[0030] For details, please refer to Figure 3 The top of the runoff collecting container 2 is 30 cm higher than the top of the collecting container 2, and the top of the runoff collecting container 2 is flush with the soil surface; the inner diameter of the runoff collector is preferably 20 cm, the depth of the soil surface runoff penetrating into the soil is generally less than 30 cm, and the depth of the runoff collecting container 2 buried in the soil is 30 cm, which can meet the sampling requirements of the part of the water flow of the soil runoff penetrating into the soil, and will not cause a waste of the height of the runoff collecting container 2.
[0031] For details, please refer to Figure 3 , and also includes a connecting pipe 9, one end of which is connected to the top of the collecting container 2, and the other end of the connecting pipe 9 is connected to the sampling pipe 3; through the connecting pipe 9, the bottom of the collecting container 2 can be connected with the external atmosphere. When the runoff flows into the collecting container 2, the volume of the collecting container 2 gradually decreases, and the internal pressure increases, thereby affecting the flow of the runoff into the collecting container 2. The connecting pipe 9 realizes the connection between the air pressure in the collecting container 2 and the external air pressure, thereby eliminating the factors affecting the runoff flow rate entering the collecting container 2 due to the air pressure in the collecting container 2, and further provides a guarantee for the accuracy of the runoff data collection.
[0032] Specifically, a curved pipe 10 with a port facing downward is provided at the top of the sampling pipe 3; a height difference of at least 50 cm is left between the top of the curved pipe 10 and the soil surface; the setting of the curved pipe 10 can prevent water from directly entering the collecting container 2 through the port of the sampling pipe 3 during rain or other water flows; the depth of surface runoff is generally less than 50 cm, and the top of the curved pipe 10 is 50 cm from the ground, which can effectively prevent surface runoff from directly entering the collecting container 2 through the curved pipe 10 and the sampling pipe 3, avoiding contamination of the water sample in the collecting container 2 or errors in the water volume in the collecting container 2, so as to ensure the accuracy of water sample collection in the collecting container 2.
[0033] Specifically, it also includes a sampling hose 11, which extends into the collection container 2 through the bent pipe 10 and the sampling pipe 3; the sampling hose 11 is extended into the collection container 2, and the sampling hose 11 can be directly connected to an external water pump so as to extract the water sample in the collection container 2, further improving the convenience of sampling the water sample in the collection container 2; when sampling is not needed, the sampling hose 11 can be removed from the sampling pipe 3.
[0034] Specifically, the runoff collector 1 is detachably connected to the collecting container 2; further, the runoff collector 1 is threadedly connected to the collecting container 2 or the runoff collector 1 is detachably connected to the collecting container 2 by flanges, bolts, etc.; when the inside of the collecting container 2 needs to be cleaned, the runoff collector 1 and the collecting container 2 can be disassembled, and the inside of the collecting container 2 can be cleaned through the installation port of the runoff collector 1 at the collecting container 2, so as to improve the convenience of maintenance of the inside of the collecting container 2.
[0035] When in use, the runoff collection device is buried in the soil surface to ensure that the top inlet of the runoff collector 1 is flush with the soil surface; when runoff is generated on the surface, the runoff water enters the device through the runoff collector 1, passes through the semicircular filter 5, the filter material 8 and the flow meter 6, and finally flows into the collection container 2. By reading the data of the flow meter 6, the flow of runoff can be monitored in real time, providing important data for farmland soil and water conservation and water resources management. By extending the sampling hose 11 through the sampling pipe 3 to the bottom of the collection container 2, the water sample is extracted, and the extracted water sample in the collection container 2 can be used for subsequent scientific research and analysis.
[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. A farmland soil surface runoff collection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a runoff collector (1), a collection container (2) and a sampling pipe (3), wherein the runoff collector (1) is installed on the top of the collection container (2), the runoff collector (1) comprises a semi-cylindrical solid body (4) and a semi-circular filter screen (5), the semi-cylindrical solid body (4) and the semi-circular filter screen (5) are enclosed in a cylindrical shape, the semi-circular filter screen (5) is located on one side of the soil surface runoff water direction, one end of the sampling pipe (3) extends into the bottom of the collection container (2), and the other end of the sampling pipe (3) extends from the soil surface.
2. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow meter (6) is installed at the outflow end of the runoff collector (1).
3. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the collection container (2) is provided with an inclined ramp (7), and the inclined ramp (7) is inclined toward the side where the sampling pipe (3) extends into the collection container (2).
4. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The space enclosed between the semi-cylindrical solid body (4) and the semi-circular filter screen (5) is filled with filter material (8).
5. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the runoff collection container (2) is 30 cm higher than the top of the collection container (2), and the top of the runoff collection container (2) is flush with the soil surface.
6. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a connecting pipe (9), one end of which is connected to the top of the collecting container (2), and the other end of which is connected to the sampling pipe (3).
7. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A curved pipe (10) with a port facing downward is provided on the top of the sampling pipeline (3).
8. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: There is a height difference of at least 50 cm between the top of the curved pipe (10) and the soil surface.
9. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a sampling hose (11), wherein the sampling hose (11) extends into the collecting container (2) through the elbow (10) and the sampling pipeline (3).
10. The farmland soil surface runoff collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The runoff collector (1) is detachably connected to the collection container (2).