Handheld electronic meteorological instrument

Abstract

The utility model provides a hand-held electronic meteorological instrument. The hand-held electronic meteorological instrument comprises a master control module, a clock module, a temperature and humidity detection module, a positioning module, a wind speed detection module, a setting storage and vibration module, a display module and a pressure detection module. The clock module is electrically connected with the main control module and is used for recording a time signal; the temperature and humidity detection module is electrically connected with the main control module and is used for measuring environment temperature and environment humidity; the positioning module is electrically connected with the main control module and is used for acquiring geographic position information and direction data; the wind speed detection module is electrically connected with the main control module and is used for measuring the wind speed; the setting storage and vibration module is electrically connected with the main control module and is used for data storage, vibration feedback and user setting; the display module is electrically connected with the main control module and is used for displaying meteorological data and system information; and the pressure detection module is electrically connected with the main control module and is used for measuring ambient air pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of outdoor emergency rescue, in particular to a handheld electronic meteorological instrument. Background Art

[0002] Meteorological instruments can be divided into two types: fixed and mobile. Currently, mobile electronic meteorological instruments generally need to measure temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric pressure, altitude and other indicators. In order to measure these parameters, most manufacturers currently make the equipment very large and have many accessories. The problem with this type of equipment is that in order to meet the measurement of multiple meteorological parameters, the system has many accessories, is inconvenient to carry, and has no system integration, miniaturization, or multifunctional design. At the same time, the wind speed is relatively direct when measured through wired contact measurement and direct detection by sensors, and the accuracy is average.

[0003] The Chinese patent with the announcement number CN219162412U discloses a portable handheld meteorological instrument, which protects the main body of the handheld meteorological instrument by setting a protective cover to prevent damage to the test structure caused by collision when taking and putting. However, the specific circuit structure of the meteorological instrument is not disclosed, and it does not have a positioning function, so it cannot be guaranteed to be safe when performing rescue outdoors. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model proposes a handheld electronic meteorological instrument, which collects air pressure and environmental data through a pressure detection module, and collects and outputs the user's location information in real time through a positioning module, so as to solve the problem that the user's own safety is not guaranteed when performing outdoor emergency rescue and the environmental data collection accuracy is low.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows: a handheld electronic meteorological instrument, including a main control module, a clock module, a temperature and humidity detection module, a positioning module, a wind speed detection module, a setting storage and vibration module, a display module and a pressure detection module;

[0006] The clock module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to record the time signal;

[0007] The temperature and humidity detection module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to measure the ambient temperature and humidity;

[0008] The positioning module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to obtain geographic location information and direction data;

[0009] The wind speed detection module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to measure the wind speed;

[0010] The setting storage and vibration module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used for storing data, vibration feedback and performing user settings;

[0011] The display module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to display meteorological data and system information;

[0012] The pressure detection module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to measure the ambient air pressure.

[0013] Preferably, the main control module includes a main control chip U3, resistors R26, R27, R29, R32, R35, R36, R37, R39, R40, R97, capacitors C22, C24, C25, C26, C27, C28;

[0014] Pin 1 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R26, and the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to the VCC_RTC voltage. Pin 5 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R27, and pin 6 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R27. Pins 10, 13, 19, 32, 48, and 64 of the main control chip U3 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage. Pins 12, 18, and 63 of the main control chip U3 are grounded. Pin 28 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R35. Pin 31 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C22, and the other end of the capacitor C22 is grounded to the other end of the resistor R35. Pin 33 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R40, and pin 12 of the main control chip U3 is grounded. Pin 34 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R39, pin 36 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R37, pin 37 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R36, pin 47 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R32, and the other end of resistor R32 is grounded, pin 55 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R97, pin 60 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R29, and the other end of resistor R29 is grounded, one end of capacitor C24, one end of capacitor C25, one end of capacitor C26, one end of capacitor C27 and one end of capacitor C28 are connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of capacitor C24, the other end of capacitor C25, the other end of capacitor C26, the other end of capacitor C27 and the other end of capacitor C28 are grounded.

[0015] Preferably, the clock module includes an active crystal oscillator U9, resistors R28, R42, R51, R81, R90, R91, R92, capacitors C23, C32, and a photodiode D7;

[0016] Pin 1 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R92, pin 2 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is grounded, pin 3 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R51, the other end of the resistor R51 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C32 and pin 3 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the capacitor C32 is grounded, pin 4 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R92, one end of the resistor R90 and one end of the resistor R91, the other end of the resistor R90 is connected to the VCC_RTC voltage, the other end of the resistor R91 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, one end of the resistor R42 is electrically connected to pin 25 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the resistor R42 is connected to the photosensitive The cathode of diode D7 is electrically connected, the anode of photodiode D7 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, one end of resistor R25 is connected to VCC_BAT voltage, the other end of resistor R25 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R28 and pin 9 of main control chip U3, one end of resistor R80 is connected to VCC_USB voltage, the other end of resistor R80 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R81 and pin 8 of main control chip U3, one end of resistor R33 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of resistor R33 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C23 and pin 7 of main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R28, the other end of resistor R81 and the other end of capacitor C23 are grounded.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature and humidity detection module includes resistors R41, R66, R67, R68, R69, capacitors C29, C42;

[0018] One end of resistor R41 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of resistor R41 is electrically connected to pin 11 of the main control chip U3 and one end of capacitor C29, the other end of capacitor C29 is grounded, one end of resistor R66 is electrically connected to pin 57 of the main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R66 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R67, the other end of resistor R67 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R68 and one end of resistor R69, the other end of resistor R69 is electrically connected to pin 56 of the main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R68 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C42 and pin 17 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of capacitor C42 is grounded.

[0019] Preferably, the positioning module includes a Bluetooth connector J5, a geomagnetic chip U13, a geomagnetic sensor chip U12, resistors R74, R75, capacitors C45, C48;

[0020] Pin 1A of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the capacitor C45 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 1B of the geomagnetic chip U13 and the other end of the capacitor C45 are grounded, pin 3A of the geomagnetic chip U13 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C48, the other end of the capacitor C48 is grounded, pin 3B of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the resistor R75 are electrically connected to pin 27 of the main control chip U3, pin 3C of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the resistor R74 are electrically connected to pin 26 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the resistor R74 and the other end of the resistor R75 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage , pin A1 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is grounded, pin A2 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is electrically connected to pin 27 of the main control chip U3, pin B1 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin B2 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is electrically connected to pin 26 of the main control chip U3, pin 1 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 2 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is electrically connected to pin 14 of the main control chip U3, pin 3 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is electrically connected to pin 15 of the main control chip U3, and pin 4 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is grounded.

[0021] Preferably, the wind speed detection module includes an impeller FAN, an operational amplifier chip U7, resistors R55, R56, R57, R61, R62, capacitors C34, C35, C37, C38, C39, and an inductor L4;

[0022] Pin 1 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R56, one end of the capacitor C34, and one end of the resistor R55. The other end of the resistor R55 is electrically connected to pin 16 of the main control chip U3. Pin 2 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is grounded. Pin 3 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C37, one end of the resistor R57, one end of the resistor R61, and one end of the inductor L4. The other end of the capacitor C37 and the other end of the resistor R61 are grounded. The other end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C35. The other end of capacitor C35 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R56, the other end of capacitor C34, one end of capacitor C38 and one end of resistor R62. The other end of capacitor C38 is grounded, the other end of resistor R62 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of capacitor C39, the positive electrode of capacitor C39 is electrically connected to the other end of inductor L4, pin 5 of operational amplifier chip U7 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the impeller FAN is coupled to inductor L4.

[0023] Preferably, the setting storage and vibration module includes a FLASH flash memory storage U5, a MOS tube Q5, a transistor Q6, a connector J6, switches SW2, SW3, resistors R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48, R70, R71, R72, R73, R82, R83, R84, capacitors C30, C43, C44;

[0024] Pin 1 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R47 and pin 20 of the main control chip U3, pin 2 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R45 and pin 22 of the main control chip U3, pin 3 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R45, and the other end of the resistor R47 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 4 and pin 9 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 are grounded, and the FLASH flash memory Pin 5 of the storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R44 and pin 23 of the main control chip U3, pin 6 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R46 and pin 21 of the main control chip U3, pin 7 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R48, pin 8 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R48, the other end of the resistor R46, the other end of the resistor R44, and one end of the capacitor C30 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C30 is grounded;

[0025] One end of the resistor R84 is electrically connected to the pin 59 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the resistor R84 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R85 and the base of the transistor Q6, the other end of the resistor R85 and the emitter of the transistor Q6 are grounded, the collector of the transistor Q6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R82 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q5, the other end of the resistor R82 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q5 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the source of the MOS transistor Q5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R83 and the pin 2 of the connector J6, the pin 1 of the connector J6 and the other end of the resistor R83 are grounded, and the pins 3 and 4 of the connector J6 are grounded;

[0026] One end of the switch SW2 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of the switch SW2 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C43, one end of the resistor R70 and one end of the resistor R71, the other end of the resistor R70 is electrically connected to the pin 41 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the capacitor C43 and the other end of the resistor R71 are grounded, one end of the switch SW3 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of the switch SW3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C44, one end of the resistor R72 and one end of the resistor R73, the other end of the resistor R72 is electrically connected to the pin 40 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the capacitor C44 and the other end of the resistor R73 are grounded.

[0027] Preferably, the display module includes a USB to serial port chip U8, a connector J4, a transistor Q4, resistors R58, R59, R60, R63, R64, R65, capacitors C36, C40, C41;

[0028] Pin 3 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is grounded, pin 5 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C41 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 6 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R65, the other end of the resistor R65 is electrically connected to pin 45 of the main control chip U3, pin 7 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R64, the other end of the resistor R64 is electrically connected to pin 44 of the main control chip U3, pin 8 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C40 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C40 and the other end of the capacitor C41 are grounded;

[0029] Pins 2, 5, 13, 15 and 16 of connector J4 are grounded, pin 4 of connector J4 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, pins 10 and 11 of connector J4 and one end of capacitor C36 are connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 13 of connector J4 and the other end of capacitor C36 are grounded, pin 6 of connector J4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R63 and pin 38 of main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R63 is grounded, pin 7 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R36, and pin 10 of connector J4 and one end of capacitor C36 are connected to VCC_3.3V voltage. Pin 8 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R37, pin 9 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R39, pin 12 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R40, pin 3 of connector J4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R58, the other end of resistor R58 is electrically connected to the collector of transistor Q4, the base of transistor Q4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R59 and one end of resistor R60, the other end of resistor R59 is electrically connected to pin 35 of main control chip U3, and the emitter of transistor Q4 and the other end of resistor R60 are grounded.

[0030] Preferably, the pressure detection module includes an RS485 transceiver chip U11, an air pressure sensor chip U6, resistors R52, R53, R54, R86, R87, R88, capacitors C33, C46, ​​C47;

[0031] Pin 1 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to pin 43 of the main control chip U3, pin 2 and pin 3 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 are electrically connected to pin 51 of the main control chip U3, pin 4 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to pin 42 of the main control chip U3, pin 5 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is grounded, pin 6 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to one end of a resistor R87, one end of a resistor R88, and one end of a capacitor C47, and the other end of the resistor R88 is connected to a VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 7 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R87, one end of the resistor R86, and one end of the capacitor C46, ​​the other end of the resistor R86 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C46 and the other end of the capacitor C47 are grounded, and pin 8 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is connected to a VCC_3.3V voltage;

[0032] Pin 1 and pin 7 of the pressure sensor chip U6 are grounded, pin 2 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R52, pin 3 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R53 and pin 62 of the main control chip U3, pin 4 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R54 and pin 61 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the resistor R52, the other end of the resistor R53 and the other end of the resistor R54 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 5, pin 6 and pin 8 of the pressure sensor chip U6 and one end of the capacitor C33 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C33 is grounded.

[0033] Preferably, the main control chip U3 adopts a microcontroller chip of model GD32F405RET6.

[0034] The handheld electronic meteorological instrument provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0035] (1) The main control module realizes the coordinated work and data processing of various modules, so that the meteorological instrument can comprehensively and accurately measure and record various meteorological parameters of the environment, and display the measurement results in real time through the display module. The storage and vibration modules are set according to the needs to make personalized settings, and the historical meteorological data can be stored for a long time. Vibration feedback is sent according to the meteorological data to remind rescuers, and the location information is obtained and sent through the positioning module to ensure the safety of rescuers.

[0036] (2) The temperature and humidity data of the environment are obtained through the temperature and humidity detection module, which provides important parameter basis for environmental monitoring and control;

[0037] (3) The positioning module measures the strength and direction of the Earth's magnetic field to obtain the location and direction information of the device, providing support for applications such as navigation, tracking, and location services;

[0038] (4) The wind speed detection module uses the electromechanical conversion principle of the impeller and the inductor to convert the wind speed signal into an electrical signal, and achieves accurate wind speed measurement through technical means such as signal amplification, shaping, zero point calibration and digital processing. The module has a simple structure, good linearity, and is easy to integrate and digitally process. It can provide reliable wind speed measurement functions for meteorological monitoring, environmental control, wind power generation and other fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a handheld electronic meteorological instrument of the utility model;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a wiring diagram of a main control module of a handheld electronic meteorological instrument of the utility model;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a wiring diagram of a clock module of a handheld electronic weather instrument of the utility model;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a wiring diagram of a temperature and humidity detection module of a handheld electronic meteorological instrument of the utility model;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a wiring diagram of a positioning module of a handheld electronic meteorological instrument of the utility model;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a wiring diagram of a wind speed detection module of a handheld electronic meteorological instrument of the utility model;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a wiring diagram of the storage and vibration modules of a handheld electronic meteorological instrument of the utility model;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a wiring diagram of a display module of a handheld electronic weather instrument of the utility model;

[0048] Fig. 9 The utility model discloses a wiring diagram of a pressure detection module of a handheld electronic meteorological instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the implementation of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the implementation of the utility model. Obviously, the described implementation is only a part of the implementation of the utility model, not all of the implementations. Based on the implementation of the utility model, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0050] This embodiment provides a handheld electronic weather instrument, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a main control module 1, a clock module 2, a temperature and humidity detection module 3, a positioning module 4, a wind speed detection module 5, a setting storage and vibration module 6, a display module 7 and a pressure detection module 8;

[0051] The clock module 2 is electrically connected to the main control module 1 and is used to record the time signal;

[0052] The temperature and humidity detection module 3 is electrically connected to the main control module 1 and is used to measure the ambient temperature and humidity;

[0053] The positioning module 4 is electrically connected to the main control module 1 and is used to obtain geographic location information and direction data;

[0054] The wind speed detection module 5 is electrically connected to the main control module 1 and is used to measure the wind speed;

[0055] The setting storage and vibration module 6 is electrically connected to the main control module 1 and is used for storing data, vibration feedback and performing user settings;

[0056] The display module 7 is electrically connected to the main control module 1 and is used to display meteorological data and system information;

[0057] The pressure detection module 8 is electrically connected to the main control module 1 and is used to measure the ambient air pressure.

[0058] It should be noted that:

[0059] A handheld electronic weather meter in this embodiment integrates a high-precision air pressure sensor and RS485 communication protocol to achieve accurate measurement of ambient air pressure and stable long-distance transmission of data, ensuring high reliability and accuracy under various environmental conditions. At the same time, through optimized power management and signal shaping design, the device can effectively filter out noise and provide long-term stable operation, and with an intuitive user interface, it provides users with a convenient and accurate weather monitoring experience. These technical means jointly improve the overall performance of the handheld electronic weather meter, making it a highly efficient tool for outdoor rescue.

[0060] The handheld electronic meteorological instrument integrates multiple sensor modules such as clock, temperature and humidity, positioning, wind speed, air pressure, etc., and realizes the coordinated work and data processing of each module through the main control module 1. This design enables the meteorological instrument to comprehensively and accurately measure and record various meteorological parameters of the environment, and display the measurement results in real time through the display module 7. At the same time, the addition of the storage and vibration module 8 allows users to make personalized settings according to their needs and save historical meteorological data for a long time. Overall, the handheld electronic meteorological instrument realizes the functions of portable multi-parameter measurement, data storage and real-time display of meteorological parameters, greatly improving the flexibility, convenience and data availability of meteorological monitoring. It is a powerful and easy-to-use meteorological monitoring device.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the main control module 1 includes a main control chip U3, resistors R26, R27, R29, R32, R35, R36, R37, R39, R40, R97, capacitors C22, C24, C25, C26, C27, C28;

[0062] Pin 1 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R26, and the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to the VCC_RTC voltage. Pin 5 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R27, and pin 6 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R27. Pins 10, 13, 19, 32, 48, and 64 of the main control chip U3 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage. Pins 12, 18, and 63 of the main control chip U3 are grounded. Pin 28 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R35. Pin 31 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C22, and the other end of the capacitor C22 is grounded to the other end of the resistor R35. Pin 33 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R40, and pin 12 of the main control chip U3 is grounded. Pin 34 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R39, pin 36 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R37, pin 37 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R36, pin 47 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R32, and the other end of resistor R32 is grounded, pin 55 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R97, pin 60 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R29, and the other end of resistor R29 is grounded, one end of capacitor C24, one end of capacitor C25, one end of capacitor C26, one end of capacitor C27 and one end of capacitor C28 are connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of capacitor C24, the other end of capacitor C25, the other end of capacitor C26, the other end of capacitor C27 and the other end of capacitor C28 are grounded.

[0063] It should be noted that:

[0064] The main control chip U3 adopts a microcontroller chip of model GD32F405RET6.

[0065] The main control module 1 of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] Core control: The main control chip U3 is the core of the main control module. It is connected to the components of other modules through its multiple pins to realize the control and data processing functions of the entire meteorological instrument.

[0067] Power supply filtering: The connection between capacitors C24, C25, C26, C27 and C28 and the VCC_3.3V voltage and ground forms a power supply filtering circuit. This helps reduce power supply noise, provide a stable operating voltage, and ensure the reliable operation of the main control chip.

[0068] Pull-up resistor: Resistor R26 is connected between pin 1 of the main control chip and the VCC_RTC voltage, and acts as a pull-up resistor to ensure that the level state of pin 1 is stable and prevent interference caused by floating.

[0069] Grounding and decoupling: Multiple pins (such as pin 12, pin 18, and pin 63) of the main control chip U3 are grounded to provide a stable reference potential. Resistors R32 and R29 are connected between pin 47 and pin 60 of the main control chip and ground, respectively, to play a role in decoupling or current limiting.

[0070] Clock and reset: Resistor R35 and capacitor C22 form an RC reset circuit, which is connected to pins 28 and 31 of the main control chip to provide a reset signal when powered on to ensure that the main control chip starts normally.

[0071] External interface: Pin 33, pin 34, pin 36, pin 37 and pin 55 of the main control chip U3 are connected through resistors R40, R39, R37, R36 and R97 for communication or signal transmission with other modules or external devices.

[0072] In summary, the main control module 1 realizes the core control, power management, signal conditioning, clock reset and external interface functions of the meteorological instrument through reasonable circuit design and component selection, providing a reliable foundation for the stable operation and data processing of the entire system.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, the clock module 2 includes an active crystal oscillator U9, resistors R28, R42, R51, R81, R90, R91, R92, capacitors C23, C32, and a photosensitive diode D7;

[0074] Pin 1 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R92, pin 2 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is grounded, pin 3 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R51, the other end of the resistor R51 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C32 and pin 3 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the capacitor C32 is grounded, pin 4 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R92, one end of the resistor R90 and one end of the resistor R91, the other end of the resistor R90 is connected to the VCC_RTC voltage, the other end of the resistor R91 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, one end of the resistor R42 is electrically connected to pin 25 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the resistor R42 is connected to the photosensitive The cathode of diode D7 is electrically connected, the anode of photodiode D7 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, one end of resistor R25 is connected to VCC_BAT voltage, the other end of resistor R25 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R28 and pin 9 of main control chip U3, one end of resistor R80 is connected to VCC_USB voltage, the other end of resistor R80 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R81 and pin 8 of main control chip U3, one end of resistor R33 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of resistor R33 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C23 and pin 7 of main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R28, the other end of resistor R81 and the other end of capacitor C23 are grounded.

[0075] It should be noted that:

[0076] The clock module 2 of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0077] Clock source: The active crystal oscillator U9 provides a stable clock signal as the clock source for the entire system. Pin 1 and pin 4 are connected through resistor R92 for the bias or feedback circuit of the active crystal oscillator.

[0078] Clock signal conditioning: Pin 3 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is connected to pin 3 of the main control chip U3 through resistor R51 and capacitor C32, forming an RC filter circuit. This helps reduce the ripple and noise of the clock signal and provide a stable clock signal to the main control chip.

[0079] Power management: Pin 4 of the active crystal oscillator is connected to VCC_RTC and VCC_3.3V voltages through resistors R90 and R91 respectively, which are used to provide different operating voltages for the active crystal oscillator to meet its specific power requirements.

[0080] Light-sensitive measurement: The photodiode D7 is connected to the resistor R42 and the pin 25 of the main control chip U3 to sense changes in ambient light intensity. When the light intensity changes, the resistance value of the photodiode will change accordingly, thereby affecting the level state of pin 25 and realizing the light-sensitive measurement function.

[0081] Battery voltage monitoring: Resistor R25 is connected between the VCC_BAT voltage and pin 9 of the main control chip U3, allowing the main control chip to monitor the battery voltage status for low battery prompts or other power management operations.

[0082] USB voltage monitoring: Resistors R80 and R81 are connected between the VCC_USB voltage and pin 8 of the main control chip U3, allowing the main control chip U3 to monitor the status of USB power supply for corresponding power management or charging control.

[0083] Reference voltage filtering: Resistor R33 and capacitor C23 form an RC filter circuit, which is connected between the VCC_3.3V voltage and pin 7 of the main control chip U3. This helps to provide a stable reference voltage for the main control chip U3 and reduce the impact of power supply noise.

[0084] In summary, clock module 2 provides a stable clock signal through an active crystal oscillator, and realizes functions such as clock signal conditioning, power management, light sensitivity measurement, battery voltage monitoring, USB voltage monitoring and reference voltage filtering through reasonable circuit design, providing important support for the time keeping, environmental perception and power management of the entire system.

[0085] like Figure 4 As shown, the temperature and humidity detection module 3 includes resistors R41, R66, R67, R68, R69, capacitors C29, C42;

[0086] One end of resistor R41 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of resistor R41 is electrically connected to pin 11 of the main control chip U3 and one end of capacitor C29, the other end of capacitor C29 is grounded, one end of resistor R66 is electrically connected to pin 57 of the main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R66 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R67, the other end of resistor R67 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R68 and one end of resistor R69, the other end of resistor R69 is electrically connected to pin 56 of the main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R68 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C42 and pin 17 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of capacitor C42 is grounded.

[0087] It should be noted that:

[0088] The temperature and humidity detection module 3 of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0089] Power supply filtering: Resistor R41 and capacitor C29 form an RC filter circuit, which is connected between the VCC_3.3V voltage and pin 11 of the main control chip U3. This helps to provide a stable power supply voltage for the temperature and humidity sensor and reduce the impact of power supply noise on sensor measurement.

[0090] Temperature measurement: Resistors R66, R67, R68 and R69 form a voltage divider circuit, which is connected between pins 56, 57 and 17 of the main control chip U3. This voltage divider circuit is connected to a temperature sensor (such as an NTC thermistor). By measuring the voltage change at the voltage divider point, the temperature change can be calculated. The ADC (analog-to-digital converter) of the main control chip can read the voltage value at the voltage divider point and calculate the actual temperature value based on the voltage-temperature correspondence.

[0091] Humidity measurement: Capacitor C42 is connected between pin 17 of the main control chip U3 and ground, and is connected to a humidity sensor (such as a capacitive humidity sensor). The capacitance value of the humidity sensor will change with the change of ambient humidity. The main control chip can calculate the change of ambient humidity by measuring the change of the charge and discharge time or frequency of capacitor C42.

[0092] Signal conditioning: Resistor R68 and capacitor C42 form an RC filter circuit, which is connected between the output of the temperature sensor and pin 17 of the main control chip U3. This RC filter circuit can filter out high-frequency noise in the output signal of the temperature sensor and improve the stability and reliability of the measurement.

[0093] In summary, the temperature and humidity detection module 3 realizes the measurement of ambient temperature and humidity through reasonable circuit design; the power filter circuit provides a stable working voltage, the temperature measurement circuit and the humidity measurement circuit are respectively connected to the corresponding sensors, and the changes in the voltage divider circuit and the capacitance measurement circuit can be used to infer the changes in temperature and humidity; the signal conditioning circuit further improves the stability and reliability of the measurement. The main control chip reads the voltage or capacitance changes of the relevant pins, and performs corresponding calculations and conversions to finally obtain the temperature and humidity data of the environment, providing an important parameter basis for environmental monitoring and control.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown, the positioning module 4 includes a Bluetooth connector J5, a geomagnetic chip U13, a geomagnetic sensor chip U12, resistors R74, R75, and capacitors C45, C48;

[0095] Pin 1A of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the capacitor C45 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 1B of the geomagnetic chip U13 and the other end of the capacitor C45 are grounded, pin 3A of the geomagnetic chip U13 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C48, the other end of the capacitor C48 is grounded, pin 3B of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the resistor R75 are electrically connected to pin 27 of the main control chip U3, pin 3C of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the resistor R74 are electrically connected to pin 26 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the resistor R74 and the other end of the resistor R75 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage , pin A1 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is grounded, pin A2 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is electrically connected to pin 27 of the main control chip U3, pin B1 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin B2 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is electrically connected to pin 26 of the main control chip U3, pin 1 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 2 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is electrically connected to pin 14 of the main control chip U3, pin 3 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is electrically connected to pin 15 of the main control chip U3, and pin 4 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is grounded.

[0096] It should be noted that:

[0097] The positioning module 4 of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0098] Bluetooth communication: The Bluetooth connector J5 is connected to pins 14 and 15 of the main control chip U3 to realize Bluetooth wireless communication function. The main control chip can exchange data with other Bluetooth devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, etc.) through the Bluetooth connector to realize functions such as positioning data transmission and remote control.

[0099] Geomagnetic field measurement: Geomagnetic sensor chip U12 and geomagnetic chip U13 are used to measure the strength and direction of the earth's magnetic field. Pins A2 and B2 of geomagnetic sensor chip U12 are connected to pins 27 and 26 of main control chip U3, respectively, and the measured geomagnetic field signal can be transmitted to the main control chip for processing. Pins 3B and 3C of geomagnetic chip U13 are also connected to pins 27 and 26 of the main control chip, respectively, for control or data transmission of geomagnetic field measurement.

[0100] Power management: Pins 1A and 1B of the geomagnetic chip U13 and capacitor C45 form a power filter circuit, which helps to provide a stable operating voltage for the geomagnetic chip and reduce the impact of power supply noise on the measurement. Pin B1 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 and pin 1 of the Bluetooth connector J5 are also connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage to provide them with working power.

[0101] Signal conditioning: Pin 3A of the geomagnetic chip U13 and capacitor C48 form a filter circuit, which can filter out high-frequency noise in the geomagnetic field measurement signal and improve the stability and reliability of the measurement. Resistors R74 and R75 are respectively connected between pins 3C and 3B of the geomagnetic chip U13 and the VCC_3.3V voltage for pull-up or current limiting protection.

[0102] In summary, the positioning module realizes the collection, processing and transmission of positioning data through technical means such as Bluetooth communication, geomagnetic field measurement, power management and signal conditioning. The Bluetooth connector allows the positioning module to communicate wirelessly with other devices, facilitating data interaction and remote control. The geomagnetic sensor chip and geomagnetic chip measure the strength and direction of the earth's magnetic field, providing important input data for the positioning algorithm. The power management circuit and signal conditioning circuit ensure the stability and reliability of the measurement. The main control chip can implement the positioning algorithm by reading the data of the geomagnetic sensor and combining the data of other sensors (such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.), calculate the location and direction information of the device, and provide support for applications such as navigation, tracking and location services.

[0103] like Figure 6 As shown, the wind speed detection module 5 includes an impeller FAN, an operational amplifier chip U7, resistors R55, R56, R57, R61, R62, capacitors C34, C35, C37, C38, C39, and an inductor L4;

[0104] Pin 1 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R56, one end of the capacitor C34, and one end of the resistor R55. The other end of the resistor R55 is electrically connected to pin 16 of the main control chip U3. Pin 2 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is grounded. Pin 3 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C37, one end of the resistor R57, one end of the resistor R61, and one end of the inductor L4. The other end of the capacitor C37 and the other end of the resistor R61 are grounded. The other end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C35. The other end of capacitor C35 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R56, the other end of capacitor C34, one end of capacitor C38 and one end of resistor R62. The other end of capacitor C38 is grounded, the other end of resistor R62 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of capacitor C39, the positive electrode of capacitor C39 is electrically connected to the other end of inductor L4, pin 5 of operational amplifier chip U7 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the impeller FAN is coupled to inductor L4.

[0105] It should be noted that:

[0106] The principle of wind speed detection module 5 is: the impeller FAN with a magnet inside, its blades rotate under the drive of wind energy, and the periodically changing magnetic field generates an induced electromotive force at both ends of the inductor L4, outputting a sine wave signal with a very small amplitude. Under the action of the signal amplification and shaping circuit composed of the operational amplifier chip U7, R56, R62 and C39, the output end of the operational amplifier chip U7 outputs a square wave signal Wind Speed, whose frequency is the same as the sine wave signal generated by L4, and the amplitude is 3.3V, which is convenient for the single-chip microcomputer to perform AD acquisition detection processing.

[0107] R57 and R61 form a voltage divider circuit, which makes the output square wave signal Wind Speed ​​output a DC voltage of 1.65V when there is no wind speed and the wind wheel is not rotating.

[0108] Within a certain range, the wind speed is proportional to the rotation speed of the wind rotor blades, and the rotation speed of the blades is also proportional to the frequency of the sinusoidal wave signal generated by the inductor coil, and further proportional to the frequency of the final square wave signal.

[0109] After the single-chip AD samples the signal output by the operational amplifier U7, it removes the clutter signal through calculation and filtering, and finally performs a proportional conversion to detect the wind speed.

[0110] Therefore, the wind speed detection module 5 of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0111] Wind speed sensing: The impeller FAN with a magnet inside rotates under the drive of wind energy, and its speed is proportional to the wind speed. The rotation of the impeller generates a periodically changing magnetic field, which generates an induced electromotive force at both ends of the inductor L4 and outputs a sine wave signal with a very small amplitude. This electromechanical conversion method can effectively convert the wind speed signal into an electrical signal, providing a basis for subsequent signal processing and wind speed measurement.

[0112] Signal amplification and shaping: The signal amplification and shaping circuit composed of operational amplifier chip U7, resistors R56, R62 and capacitor C39 amplifies the weak sine wave signal generated by inductor L4 and converts it into a square wave signal Wind Speed. The frequency of the square wave signal is the same as that of the sine wave signal, and the amplitude is 3.3V, which is convenient for the microcontroller to perform AD acquisition and processing. This signal conditioning circuit can improve the quality and measurability of the wind speed signal and simplify the subsequent signal processing process.

[0113] Zero wind speed calibration: Resistors R57 and R61 form a voltage divider circuit, which makes the output square wave signal Wind Speed ​​output a DC voltage of 1.65V when there is no wind speed and the wind wheel is not rotating. This voltage is used as the zero wind speed reference voltage to eliminate the deviation introduced by environmental factors and device characteristics during the wind speed measurement process, thereby improving the accuracy of wind speed measurement.

[0114] Linear relationship between wind speed and frequency: within a certain range, wind speed is proportional to the rotation speed of the wind rotor blades, and the rotation speed of the blades is also proportional to the frequency of the sine wave signal generated by the inductor, and then proportional to the frequency of the final square wave signal. This linear relationship provides a simple and reliable theoretical basis for wind speed measurement. By measuring the frequency of the square wave signal, after appropriate calibration and conversion, the wind speed can be obtained.

[0115] Digital processing: The main control chip (single-chip microcomputer) samples the square wave signal output by the operational amplifier U7 through AD, and then removes the clutter signal through calculation and filtering, and finally performs proportional conversion to obtain the digital value of wind speed. The digital wind speed measurement results are easy to store, display and transmit, and can be easily integrated with other sensor data to achieve more advanced functions.

[0116] In summary, the wind speed detection module uses the electromechanical conversion principle of the impeller and the inductor coil to convert the wind speed signal into an electrical signal, and realizes accurate measurement of wind speed through technical means such as signal amplification, shaping, zero point calibration and digital processing. The module has a simple structure, good linearity, easy integration and digital processing, and can provide reliable wind speed measurement functions for meteorological monitoring, environmental control, wind power generation and other fields.

[0117] like Figure 7 As shown, the setting storage and vibration module 6 includes a FLASH flash memory storage U5, a MOS tube Q5, a transistor Q6, a connector J6, switches SW2, SW3, resistors R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48, R70, R71, R72, R73, R82, R83, R84, capacitors C30, C43, C44;

[0118] Pin 1 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R47 and pin 20 of the main control chip U3, pin 2 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R45 and pin 22 of the main control chip U3, pin 3 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R45, and the other end of the resistor R47 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 4 and pin 9 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 are grounded, and the FLASH flash memory Pin 5 of the storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R44 and pin 23 of the main control chip U3, pin 6 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R46 and pin 21 of the main control chip U3, pin 7 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R48, pin 8 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R48, the other end of the resistor R46, the other end of the resistor R44, and one end of the capacitor C30 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C30 is grounded;

[0119] One end of the resistor R84 is electrically connected to the pin 59 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the resistor R84 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R85 and the base of the transistor Q6, the other end of the resistor R85 and the emitter of the transistor Q6 are grounded, the collector of the transistor Q6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R82 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q5, the other end of the resistor R82 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q5 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the source of the MOS transistor Q5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R83 and the pin 2 of the connector J6, the pin 1 of the connector J6 and the other end of the resistor R83 are grounded, and the pins 3 and 4 of the connector J6 are grounded;

[0120] One end of the switch SW2 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of the switch SW2 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C43, one end of the resistor R70 and one end of the resistor R71, the other end of the resistor R70 is electrically connected to the pin 41 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the capacitor C43 and the other end of the resistor R71 are grounded, one end of the switch SW3 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of the switch SW3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C44, one end of the resistor R72 and one end of the resistor R73, the other end of the resistor R72 is electrically connected to the pin 40 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the capacitor C44 and the other end of the resistor R73 are grounded.

[0121] It should be noted that:

[0122] The storage and vibration module 6 of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0123] Data storage: FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to multiple pins of the main control chip U3 and communicates with the main control chip through SPI (serial peripheral interface). FLASH flash memory can be used to store important information such as system configuration parameters, historical data, calibration coefficients, etc., and can ensure data persistence and reliability even in the event of a power outage.

[0124] External device connection: MOS tube Q5, transistor Q6, resistors R82, R83, R84 and connector J6 form an external device control circuit. Pin 59 of the main control chip U3 controls the conduction state of MOS tube Q5 through resistor R84 and transistor Q6, and then controls the level of pin 2 of connector J6. This circuit structure can realize the main control chip to control the switch of external devices, such as controlling external indicator lights, buzzers, relays and other devices.

[0125] Key input: Switches SW2 and SW3 are electrically connected to pins 41 and 40 of the main control chip U3, respectively, and simple key de-jitter and level adaptation functions are implemented through resistors R70, R71 and R72, R73. When the switch is closed, the corresponding pin will be pulled up to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the main control chip can determine the state of the key by detecting the pin level change. This key input circuit can be used for user interaction, mode switching, parameter setting and other functions.

[0126] Power supply filtering: Capacitor C30 is connected between the VCC pin of the FLASH flash memory U5 and the ground, which plays the role of power supply filtering and decoupling, can suppress power supply noise and improve the working stability of the FLASH flash memory. Similarly, capacitors C43 and C44 are connected to the output ends of switches SW2 and SW3 respectively, which also play the role of filtering and de-jittering, and can improve the reliability of key signals.

[0127] Level conversion and current limiting protection: Resistors R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, and R48 are connected between the pins of the FLASH flash memory storage device U5 and the VCC_3.3V power supply, which play a role in current limiting protection and can prevent the device from being damaged due to excessive current. At the same time, these resistors form a voltage divider circuit with the pins connected to the main control chip U3, which can realize the conversion and matching between different levels, ensuring the communication compatibility between the main control chip and the FLASH flash memory.

[0128] One end of the resistors R82, R83, R84, and R85 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q6, the other end of the resistor R85 and the emitter of the transistor Q6 are grounded, the collector of the transistor Q6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R82 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q5, the other end of the resistor R82 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q5 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the source of the MOS transistor Q5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R83 and the pin 2 of the connector J6, the pin 1 of the connector J6 and the other end of the resistor R83 are grounded, and the pins 3 and 4 of the connector J6 are grounded;

[0129] In summary, the storage and vibration module uses FLASH flash memory to achieve persistent data storage, and realizes user interaction and peripheral control functions through external device control circuits and key input circuits. It also uses power filtering, level conversion, and current limiting protection to improve the reliability and stability of the system. It also has a built-in micro vibration motor that gives the operator a vibration feedback when abnormal weather is detected. The module provides flexible data storage, user settings, and peripheral expansion functions for the main control chip, enhancing the adaptability and scalability of the system.

[0130] like Figure 8 As shown, the display module 7 includes a USB to serial port chip U8, a connector J4, a transistor Q4, resistors R58, R59, R60, R63, R64, R65, and capacitors C36, C40, and C41;

[0131] Pin 3 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is grounded, pin 5 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C41 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 6 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R65, the other end of the resistor R65 is electrically connected to pin 45 of the main control chip U3, pin 7 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R64, the other end of the resistor R64 is electrically connected to pin 44 of the main control chip U3, pin 8 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C40 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C40 and the other end of the capacitor C41 are grounded;

[0132] Pins 2, 5, 13, 15 and 16 of connector J4 are grounded, pin 4 of connector J4 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, pins 10 and 11 of connector J4 and one end of capacitor C36 are connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 13 of connector J4 and the other end of capacitor C36 are grounded, pin 6 of connector J4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R63 and pin 38 of main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R63 is grounded, pin 7 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R36, and pin 10 of connector J4 and one end of capacitor C36 are connected to VCC_3.3V voltage. Pin 8 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R37, pin 9 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R39, pin 12 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R40, pin 3 of connector J4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R58, the other end of resistor R58 is electrically connected to the collector of transistor Q4, the base of transistor Q4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R59 and one end of resistor R60, the other end of resistor R59 is electrically connected to pin 35 of main control chip U3, and the emitter of transistor Q4 and the other end of resistor R60 are grounded.

[0133] It should be noted that:

[0134] The display module 7 of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0135] USB to serial communication: USB to serial chip U8 is electrically connected to pins 44 and 45 of the main control chip U3, and level conversion and current limiting protection are achieved through resistors R64 and R65. This connection method allows the main control chip to communicate with external devices via the USB interface, expanding the communication capabilities of the system. The USB to serial chip converts the USB interface into a standard serial interface (such as UART), which facilitates data interaction between the main control chip and other devices.

[0136] Display device connection: Connector J4 is used to connect external display devices, such as LCD display screens, OLED display modules, etc. The connector provides multiple pins, including power pins (pin 4 and pins 10, 11), ground pins (pins 2, 5, 13, 15, 16), and data pins (pins 6, 7, 8, 9, 12). Among them, pin 6 is electrically connected to pin 38 of the main control chip U3 and can be used for chip selection or enable signals of the display device. Pins 7, 8, 9, 12 can be used to transmit display data or control signals, depending on the interface protocol of the display device used.

[0137] Backlight control: Transistor Q4, resistors R58, R59, and R60 form a backlight control circuit. Pin 35 of the main control chip U3 controls the conduction state of transistor Q4 through resistor R59, and then controls the level of pin 3 of connector J4. This circuit structure can realize the on-off control of the backlight of the display device by the main control chip, and optimize the display effect and save power consumption by adjusting the backlight brightness.

[0138] Power filtering and decoupling: Capacitors C40 and C41 are connected between the VCC pin and ground of the USB-to-serial port chip U8, which play the role of power filtering and decoupling, suppressing power noise and improving the working stability of the chip. Similarly, capacitor C36 is connected between the power pin and ground of connector J4, which also plays the role of filtering and voltage stabilization, ensuring the power quality of the display device.

[0139] Level conversion and current limiting protection: Resistor R63 is connected between pin 6 of connector J4 and ground, and plays a role of current limiting protection, which can prevent damage to the display device or main control chip due to excessive current. Resistors R36, R37, R39, and R40 are connected between the data pin of connector J4 and other circuits, and can play a role of level conversion or current limiting protection, depending on the interface requirements and electrical characteristics of the display device.

[0140] In summary, the display module realizes serial communication with external devices through the USB to serial port chip, provides an interface with the display device through the connector, and adopts backlight control, power filtering, level conversion and current limiting protection to optimize the display effect and ensure the stability of the system. The module provides flexible display control and data transmission functions for the main control chip, expanding the system's human-computer interaction and information display capabilities.

[0141] like Fig. 9 As shown, the pressure detection module 8 includes an RS485 transceiver chip U11, an air pressure sensor chip U6, resistors R52, R53, R54, R86, R87, R88, and capacitors C33, C46, ​​and C47;

[0142] Pin 1 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to pin 43 of the main control chip U3, pin 2 and pin 3 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 are electrically connected to pin 51 of the main control chip U3, pin 4 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to pin 42 of the main control chip U3, pin 5 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is grounded, pin 6 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to one end of a resistor R87, one end of a resistor R88, and one end of a capacitor C47, and the other end of the resistor R88 is connected to a VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 7 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R87, one end of the resistor R86, and one end of the capacitor C46, ​​the other end of the resistor R86 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C46 and the other end of the capacitor C47 are grounded, and pin 8 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is connected to a VCC_3.3V voltage;

[0143] Pin 1 and pin 7 of the pressure sensor chip U6 are grounded, pin 2 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R52, pin 3 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R53 and pin 62 of the main control chip U3, pin 4 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R54 and pin 61 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the resistor R52, the other end of the resistor R53 and the other end of the resistor R54 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 5, pin 6 and pin 8 of the pressure sensor chip U6 and one end of the capacitor C33 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C33 is grounded.

[0144] It should be noted that:

[0145] The pressure detection module 8 of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0146] RS485 communication interface: RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to pins 42, 43, and 51 of the main control chip U3, realizing the RS485 communication interface. RS485 is a serial communication standard widely used in the field of industrial control, with advantages such as strong anti-interference ability and long transmission distance. Through the RS485 interface, the main control chip can communicate data reliably with other devices, expanding the communication range and interconnection capabilities of the system.

[0147] Air pressure sensor: The air pressure sensor chip U6 is used to measure the ambient air pressure. Pins 2, 3, and 4 of the chip are connected to resistors R52, R53, and R54 respectively, and are electrically connected to pins 61 and 62 of the main control chip U3. This connection method allows the main control chip to exchange data with the air pressure sensor through communication protocols such as I2C or SPI to obtain air pressure measurements. The air pressure sensor can provide accurate air pressure data for application scenarios such as environmental monitoring, altitude measurement, and weather forecasting.

[0148] Power filtering and decoupling: Capacitor C33 is connected between the power pins (pins 5, 6, 8) of the pressure sensor chip U6 and the ground, which plays the role of power filtering and decoupling, suppressing power noise and improving the measurement accuracy and stability of the sensor. Similarly, capacitors C46 and C47 are connected between pins 6, 7 and the ground of the RS485 transceiver chip U11, which also play the role of filtering and decoupling, ensuring the integrity of the communication signal.

[0149] Level conversion and matching: Resistors R86, R87, and R88 are connected between pins 6 and 7 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 to form a resistor divider network. The function of this resistor network is to perform level conversion and matching to ensure that the signal amplitude and impedance on the RS485 bus meet the standard requirements and prevent signal reflection and distortion. The appropriate selection of resistance values ​​can optimize communication performance and reliability.

[0150] Pull-up resistor: One end of resistor R52, R53, and R54 is connected to pins 2, 3, and 4 of the pressure sensor chip U6, and the other end is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, which plays the role of pull-up resistor. The pull-up resistor ensures that the sensor's signal line maintains a stable high level in the idle state, preventing signal drift and interference. The appropriate pull-up resistor value can balance power consumption and signal integrity.

[0151] In summary, the pressure detection module achieves reliable communication with other devices through the RS485 transceiver chip, obtains accurate air pressure data through the air pressure sensor chip, and adopts power filtering, level conversion, pull-up resistors and other measures to optimize measurement performance and communication reliability. The module provides the main control chip with the functions of ambient air pressure monitoring and data transmission, expands the system's perception ability and data collection range, and has broad application prospects in environmental monitoring, altitude measurement, weather forecasting and other fields.

[0152] A handheld electronic meteorological instrument of the present embodiment can acquire and display comprehensive meteorological parameter information in real time by integrating multiple sensors and functional modules such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, and direction. During outdoor rescue, rescuers can prevent the impact of extreme weather on rescue by analyzing temperature and humidity data, predict the arrival of bad weather by analyzing the trend of air pressure changes, and optimize rescue routes and equipment use through wind speed and direction data. When abnormal weather is detected, the vibration motor will give rescuers vibration feedback to remind them to take countermeasures. The real-time display of the LCD display makes it easy for rescuers to view and analyze meteorological data at any time. In summary, the meteorological instrument provides comprehensive meteorological information support for outdoor rescue through the collaborative work of various modules, thereby improving rescue efficiency and safety.

[0153] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A handheld electronic weather instrument, characterized in that: It comprises a main control module (1), a clock module (2), a temperature and humidity detection module (3), a positioning module (4), a wind speed detection module (5), a setting storage and vibration module (6), a display module (7) and a pressure detection module (8); The clock module (2) is electrically connected to the main control module (1) and is used to record a time signal; The temperature and humidity detection module (3) is electrically connected to the main control module (1) and is used to measure ambient temperature and ambient humidity; The positioning module (4) is electrically connected to the main control module (1) and is used to obtain geographical location information and direction data; The wind speed detection module (5) is electrically connected to the main control module (1) and is used to measure the wind speed; The setting storage and vibration module (6) is electrically connected to the main control module (1) and is used for storing data, vibration feedback and performing user settings; The display module (7) is electrically connected to the main control module (1) and is used to display meteorological data and system information; The pressure detection module (8) is electrically connected to the main control module (1) and is used to measure the ambient air pressure; The main control module (1) comprises a main control chip U3, resistors R26, R27, R29, R32, R35, R36, R37, R39, R40, R97, capacitors C22, C24, C25, C26, C27, C28; Pin 1 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R26, and the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to the VCC_RTC voltage. Pin 5 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R27, and pin 6 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R27. Pins 10, 13, 19, 32, 48, and 64 of the main control chip U3 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage. Pins 12, 18, and 63 of the main control chip U3 are grounded. Pin 28 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R35. Pin 31 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C22, and the other end of the capacitor C22 is grounded to the other end of the resistor R35. Pin 33 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R40, and pin 12 of the main control chip U3 is grounded. 34 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R39, the pin 36 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R37, the pin 37 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R36, the pin 47 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R32, the other end of the resistor R32 is grounded, the pin 55 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R97, the pin 60 of the main control chip U3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R29 is grounded, one end of the capacitor C24, one end of the capacitor C25, one end of the capacitor C26, one end of the capacitor C27 and one end of the capacitor C28 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other ends of the capacitor C24, the other end of the capacitor C25, the other end of the capacitor C26, the other end of the capacitor C27 and the other end of the capacitor C28 are grounded; The positioning module (4) comprises a Bluetooth connector J5, a geomagnetic chip U13, a geomagnetic sensor chip U12, resistors R74, R75, and capacitors C45, C48; Pin 1A of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the capacitor C45 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 1B of the geomagnetic chip U13 and the other end of the capacitor C45 are grounded, pin 3A of the geomagnetic chip U13 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C48, the other end of the capacitor C48 is grounded, pin 3B of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the resistor R75 are electrically connected to pin 27 of the main control chip U3, pin 3C of the geomagnetic chip U13 and one end of the resistor R74 are electrically connected to pin 26 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the resistor R74 and the other end of the resistor R75 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage , pin A1 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is grounded, pin A2 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is electrically connected to pin 27 of the main control chip U3, pin B1 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin B2 of the geomagnetic sensor chip U12 is electrically connected to pin 26 of the main control chip U3, pin 1 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 2 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is electrically connected to pin 14 of the main control chip U3, pin 3 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is electrically connected to pin 15 of the main control chip U3, and pin 4 of the Bluetooth connector J5 is grounded.

2. A handheld electronic weather instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The clock module (2) comprises an active crystal oscillator U9, resistors R28, R42, R51, R81, R90, R91, R92, capacitors C23, C32, and a photosensitive diode D7; Pin 1 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R92, pin 2 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is grounded, pin 3 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R51, the other end of the resistor R51 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C32 and pin 3 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the capacitor C32 is grounded, pin 4 of the active crystal oscillator U9 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R92, one end of the resistor R90 and one end of the resistor R91, the other end of the resistor R90 is connected to the VCC_RTC voltage, the other end of the resistor R91 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, one end of the resistor R42 is electrically connected to pin 25 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the resistor R42 is connected to the photosensitive The cathode of diode D7 is electrically connected, the anode of photodiode D7 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, one end of resistor R25 is connected to VCC_BAT voltage, the other end of resistor R25 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R28 and pin 9 of main control chip U3, one end of resistor R80 is connected to VCC_USB voltage, the other end of resistor R80 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R81 and pin 8 of main control chip U3, one end of resistor R33 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of resistor R33 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C23 and pin 7 of main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R28, the other end of resistor R81 and the other end of capacitor C23 are grounded.

3. A handheld electronic weather instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity detection module (3) comprises resistors R41, R66, R67, R68, R69, and capacitors C29 and C42; One end of resistor R41 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of resistor R41 is electrically connected to pin 11 of the main control chip U3 and one end of capacitor C29, the other end of capacitor C29 is grounded, one end of resistor R66 is electrically connected to pin 57 of the main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R66 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R67, the other end of resistor R67 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R68 and one end of resistor R69, the other end of resistor R69 is electrically connected to pin 56 of the main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R68 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C42 and pin 17 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of capacitor C42 is grounded.

4. A handheld electronic weather instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The wind speed detection module (5) comprises an impeller FAN, an operational amplifier chip U7, resistors R55, R56, R57, R61, R62, capacitors C34, C35, C37, C38, C39, and an inductor L4; Pin 1 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R56, one end of the capacitor C34, and one end of the resistor R55. The other end of the resistor R55 is electrically connected to pin 16 of the main control chip U3. Pin 2 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is grounded. Pin 3 of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C37, one end of the resistor R57, one end of the resistor R61, and one end of the inductor L4. The other end of the capacitor C37 and the other end of the resistor R61 are grounded. The other end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C35. The other end of capacitor C35 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the operational amplifier chip U7 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R56, the other end of capacitor C34, one end of capacitor C38 and one end of resistor R62. The other end of capacitor C38 is grounded, the other end of resistor R62 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of capacitor C39, the positive electrode of capacitor C39 is electrically connected to the other end of inductor L4, pin 5 of operational amplifier chip U7 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, and the impeller FAN is coupled to inductor L4.

5. A handheld electronic weather instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The setting storage and vibration module (6) includes a FLASH flash memory storage U5, a MOS tube Q5, a transistor Q6, a connector J6, switches SW2, SW3, resistors R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48, R70, R71, R72, R73, R82, R83, R84, capacitors C30, C43, C44; Pin 1 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R47 and pin 20 of the main control chip U3, pin 2 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R45 and pin 22 of the main control chip U3, pin 3 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R45, and the other end of the resistor R47 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 4 and pin 9 of the FLASH flash memory storage U5 are grounded, and the FLASH flash memory Pin 5 of the storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R44 and pin 23 of the main control chip U3, pin 6 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R46 and pin 21 of the main control chip U3, pin 7 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R48, pin 8 of the FLASH flash storage device U5 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R48, the other end of the resistor R46, the other end of the resistor R44, and one end of the capacitor C30 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C30 is grounded; One end of the resistor R84 is electrically connected to the pin 59 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the resistor R84 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R85 and the base of the transistor Q6, the other end of the resistor R85 and the emitter of the transistor Q6 are grounded, the collector of the transistor Q6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R82 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q5, the other end of the resistor R82 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q5 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the source of the MOS transistor Q5 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R83 and the pin 2 of the connector J6, the pin 1 of the connector J6 and the other end of the resistor R83 are grounded, and the pins 3 and 4 of the connector J6 are grounded; One end of the switch SW2 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of the switch SW2 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C43, one end of the resistor R70 and one end of the resistor R71, the other end of the resistor R70 is electrically connected to the pin 41 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the capacitor C43 and the other end of the resistor R71 are grounded, one end of the switch SW3 is connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, the other end of the switch SW3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C44, one end of the resistor R72 and one end of the resistor R73, the other end of the resistor R72 is electrically connected to the pin 40 of the main control chip U3, and the other end of the capacitor C44 and the other end of the resistor R73 are grounded.

6. A handheld electronic weather instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The display module (7) comprises a USB to serial port chip U8, a connector J4, a transistor Q4, resistors R58, R59, R60, R63, R64, R65, and capacitors C36, C40, and C41; Pin 3 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is grounded, pin 5 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C41 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 6 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R65, the other end of the resistor R65 is electrically connected to pin 45 of the main control chip U3, pin 7 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R64, the other end of the resistor R64 is electrically connected to pin 44 of the main control chip U3, pin 8 of the USB-to-serial port chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C40 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C40 and the other end of the capacitor C41 are grounded; Pins 2, 5, 13, 15 and 16 of connector J4 are grounded, pin 4 of connector J4 is connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, pins 10 and 11 of connector J4 and one end of capacitor C36 are connected to VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 13 of connector J4 and the other end of capacitor C36 are grounded, pin 6 of connector J4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R63 and pin 38 of main control chip U3, the other end of resistor R63 is grounded, pin 7 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R36, and pin 10 of connector J4 and one end of capacitor C36 are connected to VCC_3.3V voltage. Pin 8 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R37, pin 9 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R39, pin 12 of connector J4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R40, pin 3 of connector J4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R58, the other end of resistor R58 is electrically connected to the collector of transistor Q4, the base of transistor Q4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R59 and one end of resistor R60, the other end of resistor R59 is electrically connected to pin 35 of main control chip U3, and the emitter of transistor Q4 and the other end of resistor R60 are grounded.

7. A handheld electronic weather instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure detection module (8) comprises an RS485 transceiver chip U11, an air pressure sensor chip U6, resistors R52, R53, R54, R86, R87, R88, and capacitors C33, C46, ​​and C47; Pin 1 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to pin 43 of the main control chip U3, pin 2 and pin 3 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 are electrically connected to pin 51 of the main control chip U3, pin 4 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to pin 42 of the main control chip U3, pin 5 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is grounded, pin 6 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to one end of a resistor R87, one end of a resistor R88, and one end of a capacitor C47, and the other end of the resistor R88 is connected to a VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 7 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R87, one end of the resistor R86, and one end of the capacitor C46, ​​the other end of the resistor R86 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C46 and the other end of the capacitor C47 are grounded, and pin 8 of the RS485 transceiver chip U11 is connected to a VCC_3.3V voltage; Pin 1 and pin 7 of the pressure sensor chip U6 are grounded, pin 2 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R52, pin 3 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R53 and pin 62 of the main control chip U3, pin 4 of the pressure sensor chip U6 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R54 and pin 61 of the main control chip U3, the other end of the resistor R52, the other end of the resistor R53 and the other end of the resistor R54 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, pin 5, pin 6 and pin 8 of the pressure sensor chip U6 and one end of the capacitor C33 are connected to the VCC_3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C33 is grounded.

8. A handheld electronic weather instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main control chip U3 adopts a microcontroller chip of model GD32F405RET6.

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