Single battery shell component, single battery and high-capacity battery

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a single battery shell component, a single battery and a high-capacity battery. The problem that the sharing effect of an existing large-capacity battery is easily influenced by the size of a through hole of a single battery is solved, and meanwhile, the risk that an electrode assembly is damaged in the through hole forming process can be avoided on the premise that the sharing reliability is guaranteed. The single battery shell component comprises a cylinder body and an end plate assembly fixed at any open end of the cylinder body in a sealing manner; and under the action of external electrolyte, the end plate assembly can fall off from the barrel, or an opening penetrating through the inner cavity of the barrel is formed in the end plate assembly. According to the utility model, the end plate assembly is used for replacing a lower cover plate of the existing single battery shell, and when the end plate assembly completely falls off, the whole bottom of the single battery is communicated with the electrolyte sharing cavity, so that a better sharing effect is achieved. Meanwhile, when the single battery is prepared, the preparation of the single battery shell component can be completed firstly, then the electrode assembly is installed in the single battery shell component, and finally the upper cover plate is installed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, in particular to a single cell housing component, a single cell and a large-capacity battery. Background Art

[0002] Currently, many single cells are connected in parallel or in series on the market to form large-capacity batteries (also called battery modules or battery packs).

[0003] However, the individual cells in existing large-capacity batteries are different from each other. Due to the existence of the barrel effect, they are often affected by the cell with the worst performance, which greatly limits the capacity limit and cycle times of the entire large-capacity battery. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of each cell in a large-capacity battery has become the focus and difficulty of research in this field.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, Chinese patent CN220324596U discloses a large-capacity battery, the structure of which is as follows Figure 1 As shown, this type of large-capacity battery includes a housing 01 and multiple single cells 001, which are connected in parallel in sequence and arranged in the inner cavity of the housing 01; the housing 01 is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 02, which is connected to the inner cavities of each single cell. The electrolytes in the inner cavities of each single cell are connected through the electrolyte sharing chamber, so that the electrolytes of all single cells are in the same system, reducing the differences between the single cells, and improving the consistency between the single cells to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0005] Usually, the electrolyte sharing chamber can be connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells by opening the sealing assembly sealed at the through hole of the lower cover plate of the single cell, wherein the sealing assembly can be a sealing film disclosed in Chinese patent CN218525645U.

[0006] The above patent only sets one through hole on the lower cover of the single cell, and the electrolyte sharing chamber is connected to the inner cavity of all single cells through the through hole. When the through hole is small, it is difficult to fully mix the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell and the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber, which makes it difficult to ensure that the electrolyte environment of the single cell is consistent with that of the other single cells, affecting the sharing effect and ultimately affecting the performance of the large-capacity battery. In addition, in the preparation of the above single cell, it is first necessary to open a through hole on the lower cover of the single cell, and then install the sealing assembly on the lower cover to seal the through hole; in the process of opening the through hole, there is a risk that the hole-opening tool will damage the electrode assembly inside the shell. If you are not careful, the entire single cell may be scrapped due to damage to the electrode assembly. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a single cell shell component, a single cell and a large-capacity battery, which overcomes the problem that the existing large-capacity battery sharing effect is easily affected by the size of the single cell through hole, and at the same time can avoid the risk of damaging the electrode assembly during the through hole opening process while ensuring the sharing reliability.

[0008] The utility model firstly provides a single cell housing component, comprising a cylinder and an end plate assembly sealed and fixed at any open end of the cylinder; through the action of external electrolyte, the end plate assembly can fall off from the cylinder, or an opening penetrating the inner cavity of the cylinder can be formed in the end plate assembly.

[0009] The utility model utilizes an end plate assembly to replace the lower cover plate of the existing single cell battery housing. When the end plate assembly of the utility model is completely detached, the entire bottom of the single cell battery and the electrolyte sharing chamber are connected. Compared with a structure that shares only through one through hole, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell battery can be fully mixed with the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber, thereby achieving a better sharing effect.

[0010] At the same time, the utility model does not need to open a through hole in the single cell shell, and the preparation process has no effect on the electrode assembly. When preparing a single cell, the preparation of the above-mentioned single cell shell component can be completed first, and then the electrode assembly can be installed into the single cell shell component, and finally the cover plate can be installed.

[0011] The present invention can adopt dissolving components with different structures, and the following two schemes are taken as examples:

[0012] Solution 1: The end plate assembly includes a first dissolving layer in a sheet shape and a first protective layer attached to the inner surface of the first dissolving layer, and the inner surface of the first dissolving layer is a surface located in the inner cavity of the cylinder;

[0013] The first protective layer is used to isolate the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell from the first dissolution layer;

[0014] The area of ​​the first dissolving layer to which the first protective layer is not attached is sealed and fixed to the open end of the cylinder;

[0015] The material of the first dissolving layer is a material soluble in the electrolyte, and the material of the first protective layer is a material insoluble in the electrolyte.

[0016] Furthermore, the first dissolving layer cooperates with the stopper on the open end of the cylinder, which can improve the degree of integration between the entire end plate assembly and the cylinder.

[0017] Solution 2: The end plate assembly includes a second protective layer and a second dissolving layer;

[0018] The second protective layer is in sheet form and covers any open end of the cylinder; the second dissolving layer is in annular form, the inner edge of which is sealed and fixed to the outer surface of the second protective layer, and the outer edge of which is sealed and fixed to the outer surface of the open end of the cylinder; wherein the outer surface of the second protective layer is the surface of the second protective layer located outside the inner cavity of the cylinder;

[0019] The material of the second dissolving layer is a material soluble in the electrolyte, and the material of the second protective layer is a material insoluble in the electrolyte.

[0020] In this scheme, the second protective layer is fixed on the open end of the cylinder by using an annular second dissolving layer, and the second dissolving layer can well seal the gap between the second protective layer and the open end of the cylinder; at the same time, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell shell is in direct contact with the second protective layer, but cannot contact the second dissolving layer, so during the assembly process of the large-capacity battery (before unpacking), the bottom of each single cell has good sealing; during the unpacking process, the electrolyte is injected into the electrolyte shared chamber, and under the action of the electrolyte, the second dissolving layer dissolves, and the second protective layer falls off from the single cell shell, thereby connecting the inner cavity of each single cell shell with the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber. Because the utility model adopts an annular second dissolving layer, under the condition of the same outer diameter, the annular second dissolving layer has a smaller area than the sheet-shaped first dissolving layer (the first dissolving layer in scheme one), so compared with the first dissolving layer in scheme one, the dissolution time of this scheme is shorter, which can shorten the preparation time of large-capacity batteries and improve production efficiency. In addition, in this solution, the second dissolving layer serves as a sealing component and a fixing mechanism at the same time, and there is no need to introduce an additional fixing mechanism of the end plate assembly, so that the overall structure of the end plate assembly is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.

[0021] Furthermore, the second dissolving layer is fixed on the outer surface of the second protective layer and the outer surface of the open end of the cylinder by casting. Generally, a hot-melt slurry soluble in electrolyte can be cast on the edge of the second protective layer and the outer surface of the open end of the cylinder. After cooling, the second dissolving layer can be formed, and the second protective layer can be fixed on the cylinder while achieving sealing.

[0022] Furthermore, a second step structure is provided at the edge of the second protective layer along its circumference; thereby, the second dissolving layer can be fixed thereto by means of stopper cooperation, which can enhance the bonding strength between the two and further enhance the sealing reliability of this part.

[0023] A first step structure is provided on the open end surface of the cylinder along its circumference; the inner surface edge of the second protective layer contacts the step surface of the first step structure, and a second dissolving layer installation space is formed between the second step structure and the step surface and vertical surface of the first step structure; the second dissolving layer is fixed in the second dissolving layer installation space. By such an arrangement, the bottom of the single cell can be made relatively flat, the structural regularity of the single cell can be improved, and the storage and transportation of the single cell can be facilitated.

[0024] Furthermore, a plurality of blind holes are provided along the circumference of the step surface area of ​​the first step structure located in the second dissolving layer installation space. When the hot melt slurry is poured into the second dissolving layer installation space, a column can be formed in the blind hole, thereby improving the bonding strength between the second dissolving film and the cylinder, and further enhancing the bonding strength between the entire end plate assembly and the cylinder.

[0025] The second aspect of the utility model provides a single cell battery, which is special in that it includes a shell and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located in the shell. The shell is composed of the above-mentioned single cell shell component and an upper cover plate sealed and fixed to the open end of the single cell shell component.

[0026] The third aspect of the utility model provides a large-capacity battery, which is special in that it includes a shell and a plurality of single battery components arranged in the shell;

[0027] An electrolyte sharing chamber is provided between the bottom of each single cell component and the bottom plate of the housing;

[0028] The single cell component is a component in which the end plate assembly of the single cell falls off from the cylinder or a hole is formed in the end plate assembly through the inner cavity of the cylinder. When the end plate assembly of the single cell is completely fallen off from the cylinder, the entire bottom of the single cell component is connected to the electrolyte sharing chamber. Compared with the structure that shares only through one through hole, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell component can be fully mixed with the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber, which has a better sharing effect.

[0029] Furthermore, a avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the large-capacity battery housing corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery component; the polarity terminal of each single battery component extends out of the avoidance hole, and the housing top plate area corresponding to the avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the upper cover plate of the single battery component; a heat transfer pipe clamping portion is provided at the position where each polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole;

[0030] The heat transfer tube is fixed on the heat transfer tube clamping part of each polarity terminal.

[0031] The utility model fixes a heat transfer tube at the position where the polarity terminal of each single battery component extends out of the avoidance hole. The heat transfer tube is in direct contact with each single battery component. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the heat is promptly discharged by passing a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature into the heat transfer tube. This heat dissipation method realizes balanced heat dissipation of each single battery in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the use of the large-capacity battery. In addition, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by passing a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature into the heat transfer tube; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at a normal operating temperature.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0033] The utility model utilizes an end plate assembly to replace the lower cover plate of the existing single cell housing; when the end plate assembly is completely detached, the entire bottom of the single cell is connected to the electrolyte sharing chamber. Compared with the structure in the background technology that only shares through one through hole, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell can be fully mixed with the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber, thereby achieving a better sharing effect.

[0034] At the same time, the utility model does not need to open a through hole in the single cell shell, and the preparation process has no effect on the electrode assembly. When preparing a single cell, the preparation of the above-mentioned single cell shell component can be completed first, and then the electrode assembly can be installed into the single cell shell component, and finally the cover plate can be installed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background technology;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell housing component in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a single cell housing component in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the housing member of the single cell in Example 1 Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of the housing member of the single cell in Example 1 Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of the housing member of the single cell in Example 1 Figure 3 ;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell cylinder in Example 1;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of another single cell cylinder in Example 1;

[0043] Fig. 9 A partial cross-sectional view of a single cell cylinder in Example 1;

[0044] Fig.10 A partial cross-sectional view of another single cell cylinder in Example 1;

[0045] Fig.11 A partial cross-sectional view of a single cell housing member in Example 1;

[0046] Fig.12 An exploded view of a single cell housing component in Example 1;

[0047] Fig.13 An exploded view of a single cell in Example 1;

[0048] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 1;

[0049] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0050] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0051] Fig.17 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell housing component in Example 2;

[0052] Fig.18 is an exploded view of a single cell housing member in Example 2;

[0053] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylinder in Example 2;

[0054] Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder in Example 2;

[0055] Fig.21 is a cross-sectional view of another cylinder in Example 2;

[0056] Fig. 22 A partial cross-sectional view of a single cell housing member in Example 2;

[0057] Fig.23 is a partial cross-sectional view of another single cell housing member in Example 2;

[0058] Fig.24 is an exploded view of a single cell housing member in Example 2;

[0059] Fig.25 Schematic diagram of the assembly process of the single cell housing member in Example 2;

[0060] Fig.26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 2;

[0061] The accompanying drawings in the figure are marked as follows:

[0062] 01. Shell; 001. Single cell; 02. Shared electrolyte chamber;

[0063] 1. Cylinder; 11. First step structure; 111. Step surface of the first step structure; 12. Annular groove; 2. End plate assembly; 21. First protective layer; 22. First dissolving layer; 221. Annular protrusion; 23. Second protective layer; 24. Second dissolving layer; 3. U-shaped sealing ring; 4. Battery cell assembly; 51. Single cell polarity terminal; 6. Casing; 61. Casing bottom plate; 62. Casing top plate; 7. End plate; 8. Heat exchange tube; 9. Electrolyte shared chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0065] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "top, bottom" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0067] The utility model provides a single battery shell component, comprising a barrel and an end plate assembly sealed and fixed at any open end of the barrel; the end plate assembly can fall off from the barrel through external electrolyte or form an opening penetrating the barrel cavity in the end plate assembly.

[0068] It should be noted here that:

[0069] 1. The above-mentioned single battery is a square shell battery, which includes a shell and a battery cell assembly and an electrolyte located in the shell; the battery cell assembly herein may be referred to as an electrode assembly, which is sequentially arranged by a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode and is assembled by a lamination or winding process;

[0070] 2. The above-mentioned shell member is a part of the shell of the single cell, including a cylinder with two open ends and an end plate assembly sealed and fixed to any open end of the cylinder, and the end plate assembly is used as the lower cover of the single cell;

[0071] 3. The above-mentioned external electrolyte refers to the electrolyte located outside the single cell shell, rather than the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell. That is to say, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell cannot cause the above-mentioned end plate assembly to fall off from the cylinder or form an opening through the inner cavity of the cylinder in the end plate assembly.

[0072] The utility model can adopt end plate assemblies of various different structures, for example, the dissolution mechanism disclosed in Chinese patent CN217823012U can be adopted as the end plate assembly; an end plate assembly including a first dissolution layer in sheet form and a first protective layer attached to the inner surface of the first dissolution layer can also be adopted; an end plate assembly including a sheet-shaped second protective layer and an annular second dissolution layer; the inner edge of the annular second dissolution layer is sealed and fixed to the outer surface of the second protective layer can also be adopted. In the following embodiments, the monomer battery housing components are mainly described in detail in combination with the latter two end plate assemblies.

[0073] The utility model also provides a single cell battery, comprising a shell and an electrode assembly and electrolyte located in the shell. The shell is composed of the above-mentioned single cell shell component and an upper cover plate sealed and fixed to the open end of the single cell shell component.

[0074] Such single cells are mainly used to construct large-capacity batteries (also called battery packs or battery modules). Such large-capacity batteries include a housing and a plurality of single cell components arranged in the housing, and an electrolyte sharing chamber is provided between the bottom of each single cell component and the bottom plate of the housing;

[0075] The single cell component here is a component after the end plate assembly of the above-mentioned single cell falls off from the cylinder or an opening is formed in the end plate assembly through the inner cavity of the cylinder. Specifically, it can be formed by injecting electrolyte into the electrolyte sharing chamber to make the end plate assembly of the above-mentioned single cell fall off from the cylinder or an opening is formed in the end plate assembly through the inner cavity of the cylinder.

[0076] In this large-capacity battery, the inner cavity of each single cell component and the electrolyte shared chamber are connected, so that the electrolytes of all single cells are in the same system, reducing the differences between the electrolytes of each single cell, improving the consistency between each single cell to a certain extent, and thus improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0077] When the end plate assembly of the above-mentioned single cell is completely detached from the cylinder, the entire bottom of the single cell component and the electrolyte sharing chamber are connected. Compared with the structure that shares only through one through hole, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell component can be fully mixed with the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber, which has a better sharing effect.

[0078] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell housing component of this embodiment, includes a cylinder 1 with open ends at both ends and an end plate assembly 2 fixed to any open end of the cylinder 1 .

[0081] The end plate assembly 2 is directly used as the lower cover plate of such single cell 001 before the single cell 001 is unpacked (before the end plate assembly 2 is opened). During the unpacking process, the end plate assembly 2 can fall off from the cylinder 1 or an opening penetrating the inner cavity of the cylinder 1 can be formed in the end plate assembly 2 through the action of the external electrolyte.

[0082] from Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the end plate assembly 2 of this embodiment includes a first dissolving layer 22 and a first protective layer 21. The first dissolving layer 22 and the first protective layer 21 are both in sheet form. The sheet form here can also be understood as a plate form. The first protective layer 21 is attached to the inner surface of the first dissolving layer 22. The inner surface of the first dissolving layer 22 is the surface of the first dissolving layer 22 located in the inner cavity of the cylinder 1.

[0083] The main function of the first protective layer 21 is to isolate the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single battery 001 from the first dissolving layer 22, so as to prevent the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single battery 001 from contacting with the first dissolving layer 22 before the single battery 001 is unpacked, thereby destroying the integrity of the first dissolving layer 22, causing the end plate assembly 2 to fail and the single battery 001 to be scrapped. Therefore, in this embodiment, the material of the first protective layer 21 is an electrolyte insoluble material, and its shape is adapted to the shape of the open end of the cylinder 1, and its area is not less than the area of ​​the open end ( Figure 4 The area of ​​the first protective layer 21 is equal to the open end area of ​​the cylinder 1. Figure 5 The area of ​​the first protective layer 21 is slightly larger than the open end area of ​​the cylinder 1 to ensure that the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single battery 001 is completely isolated from the first dissolving layer 22.

[0084] The material of the first protection layer 21 is aluminum, copper, zinc, nickel, silver, epoxy resin, PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), polytetrafluoroethylene or EPDM rubber.

[0085] The first dissolving layer 22 mainly has the following two functions:

[0086] 1. Before unpacking the single battery 001, the end plate assembly 2 and the open end of the cylinder 1 are sealed and fixed based on the first dissolving layer 22;

[0087] 2. When the single cell 001 is unpacked, it is dissolved under the action of the external electrolyte, and the end plate assembly 2 is opened;

[0088] Based on the above two functions, this embodiment uses an electrolyte-soluble material to prepare the first dissolving layer 22, and the area of ​​the first dissolving layer 22 not attached to the first protective layer 21 is sealed and fixed to the open end of the cylinder 1; when the area of ​​the first dissolving layer 22 not attached to the first protective layer 21 contacts the electrolyte and dissolves, because the first protective layer 21 and the cylinder 1 are not fixed in any way, after the area of ​​the first dissolving layer 22 not attached to the first protective layer 21 dissolves, the entire end plate assembly 2 will fall off the cylinder 1.

[0089] The material of the first dissolving layer 22 is PS (polystyrene), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), SMMA (styrene dimethyl methacrylate copolymer), TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane), ABS (acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer), POM (polyoxymethylene), PA6 (nylon 6), PA12 (nylon 12) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride).

[0090] It should be noted that, since the end plate assembly 2 acts as the lower cover before unpacking, and needs to be opened when unpacking, the end plate assembly 2 needs to meet the following conditions:

[0091] 1. Such end plate assembly 2 should also have a certain strength, because the sealing and fixation between the end plate assembly 2 and the open end of the cylinder 1 is achieved based on the first dissolving layer 22. Therefore, the strength of the first dissolving layer 22 should be ensured to avoid the problem of single battery 001 being scrapped due to poor strength before opening the end plate assembly 2. The strength can be improved by selecting materials and increasing the thickness of the first dissolving layer 22. However, the thickness of the first dissolving layer 22 should not be too thick to avoid the unpacking process taking too long and reducing the production efficiency of large-capacity batteries.

[0092] 2. The connection strength between the first dissolving layer 22 and the open end of the cylinder 1 should be ensured to avoid cracking of the connection part due to poor connection strength under the pressure of the electrode assembly and the electrolyte before opening the end plate assembly 2, or even the detachment of the end plate assembly 2, which may lead to the scrapping of the single cell 001. Such problems can be improved by designing the connection structure between the two.

[0093] In this embodiment, in order to improve the connection strength between the first dissolving layer 22 and the open end of the cylinder 1, Figures 7 to 10 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a first step structure 11 is provided on the open end surface of the cylinder 1 along its circumference.

[0094] When the thickness of the cylinder wall is relatively thin, an annular plate parallel to the xy plane may be provided along the circumference of the open end of the cylinder body 1; a first step structure 11 may be provided on the annular plate, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown;

[0095] When the thickness of the cylinder wall is relatively thick, the first step structure 11 can be directly provided. Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 shown.

[0096] A step structure matching with the first step structure 11 is provided on the outer circumference of the first dissolving layer, and the first dissolving layer 22 is fixed to the open end of the cylinder 1 in a stop-matching manner. In addition, an annular groove 12 can be provided along the circumference of the vertical wall of the first step structure 11, and an annular protrusion 221 matching with the annular groove 12 is provided on the outer circumference of the first dissolving layer, and the annular protrusion 221 is embedded in the annular groove 12 to further improve the connection strength between the first dissolving layer 22 and the open end of the cylinder 1.

[0097] In order to further improve the sealing performance of the end plate assembly 2 to the open end of the cylinder 1, Figure 5 In the structure shown in the figure, the present embodiment can also add a U-shaped sealing ring 3 between the end plate assembly and the open end of the cylinder, wherein the U-shaped sealing ring 3 refers to a sealing ring with a U-shaped cross section, and the inner edge of the annular plate is embedded in the U-shaped sealing ring 3, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 and Fig.12 shown.

[0098] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell 001 of this embodiment, including the above-mentioned single cell shell component, a cell assembly 4 located inside the single cell shell component, an electrolyte, and an upper cover plate sealed and fixed to the open end of the single cell shell component.

[0099] The single cell 001 in this embodiment can be prepared by the following process:

[0100] When preparing the single battery 001, the single battery shell component can be prepared first, and then the battery cell assembly 4 is installed into the single battery shell component, and finally the cover plate is installed.

[0101] In this embodiment, there is no need to open the shell of the single battery 001, which can avoid the risk of damaging the electrode assembly during the opening process.

[0102] like Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, a large-capacity battery constructed using the above-mentioned single cell 001 includes a housing 6 and a plurality of single cells 001 arranged in the housing 6; an electrolyte sharing chamber 9 is provided between the bottom of each single cell 001 and the housing bottom plate 61;

[0103] The electrolyte sharing chamber 9 described here is a liquid channel extending along the length direction (x direction) of the shell 6 between the shell bottom plate 61 and each single cell 001. The liquid channel can be integrally formed with the shell bottom plate 61, or formed by setting a support between the lower cover plate of the single cell 001 and the shell bottom plate 61.

[0104] In the process of constructing the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, each single cell 001 can be unpacked through the following process (each single cell 001 is unpacked to form a single cell 001 component):

[0105] After the assembly of the large-capacity battery is completed (the individual single batteries 001 are not unpacked), the first dissolving layer 22 can be automatically dissolved from the outside after the electrolyte is injected into the electrolyte sharing chamber 9; because the first protective layer 21 and the cylinder 1 are not fixed in any way, when the first dissolving layer 22 and the part fixed to the cylinder 1 are dissolved, the first protective layer 21 falls off with the first dissolving layer 22, thereby making the electrolyte sharing chamber 9 and the inner cavity of the single battery 001 connected, so that the electrolytes of all the single batteries 001 are in the same system, achieving the electrolyte sharing effect.

[0106] In addition, in order to improve the heat dissipation performance of such large-capacity batteries, an avoidance hole can be opened on the outer shell top plate 62 to allow the polarity terminal 51 of each single cell to extend out; each single cell polarity terminal 51 extends out of the avoidance hole and the outer shell top plate 62 area around the avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell 001.

[0107] It should be noted that the polarity terminal of the single cell battery 001 component described here can be the single cell battery 001 pole. In order to avoid the single cell battery 001 pole from being unable to smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole as a polarity terminal, a pole adapter can also be connected to the single cell battery 001 pole, and the overall structure of the single cell battery 001 pole and the pole adapter can be used as the single cell battery polarity terminal 51.

[0108] In order to further improve the heat dissipation performance of the large-capacity battery in the above embodiment, the large-capacity battery in this embodiment further includes a heat transfer tube.

[0109] In this embodiment, a heat transfer tube clamping part is provided at the part where the polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole, and the heat transfer tube is fixed in the heat transfer tube clamping part, so that the heat transfer tube is directly connected to the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery, and the heat on the polarity terminal where the heat is relatively concentrated can be timely conducted out, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the large-capacity battery. In addition, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by passing a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature into the heat transfer tube; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at a normal operating temperature.

[0110] Example 2

[0111] like Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, unlike the embodiment 1, this embodiment adopts a different end plate assembly 2 .

[0112] Combination Figures 19 to 21 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a first step structure 11 is also provided on the open end surface of the cylinder 1 along its circumferential direction.

[0113] When the thickness of the cylinder wall is relatively thin, an annular plate parallel to the xy plane may be provided along the circumference of the open end of the cylinder body 1; a first step structure 11 may be provided on the annular plate, such as Fig. 20 As shown;

[0114] When the thickness of the cylinder wall is relatively thick, the first step structure 11 can be directly provided. Fig.21 shown.

[0115] The step surface 111 of the first step structure serves as the mounting surface of the end plate assembly 2. When the end plate assembly 2 is fixed on the step surface 111 of the first step structure, the flatness of the lower cover plate of the single cell 001 can be ensured by adjusting the overall thickness of the end plate assembly 2.

[0116] In order to improve the connection strength between the end plate assembly 2 and the cylinder 1, the present embodiment further provides a plurality of fastening structures on the step surface 111 of the first step structure, through which the end plate assembly 2 can be firmly fixed on the cylinder 1. The fastening structures of the present embodiment are a plurality of blind holes provided on the step surface, and the plurality of blind holes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the step surface. In some other embodiments, an annular groove can be provided on the step surface along its circumference as a fastening structure.

[0117] like Fig. 22 , Fig.23 and Fig.24 As shown, the end plate assembly 2 of this embodiment includes a second protective layer 23 and a second dissolving layer 24 .

[0118] The second protective layer 23 is a sheet structure, and its shape is adapted to the shape of the open end of the cylinder 1 , and is rectangular. The edge is fixed on the step surface 111 of the first step structure through the second dissolving layer 24 to seal the open end of the cylinder 1 .

[0119] The material of the second protective layer 23 is a material that is insoluble in electrolyte and has a certain strength to prevent the second protective layer 23 from being damaged due to the pressure of the electrolyte inside the single battery 001 before the end plate assembly 2 at the open end of the cylinder 1 is opened, thereby causing the single battery 001 to be scrapped. Generally, aluminum, copper, zinc, nickel, silver, epoxy resin, PE, PP, polytetrafluoroethylene or EPDM rubber and other materials can be selected.

[0120] In order to improve the bonding strength between the second dissolving layer 24 and the second protective layer 23, Fig. 22 and Fig.23 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a second step structure is provided at the edge of the second protective layer 23 along the circumference thereof, and an installation space for the second dissolving layer 24 is formed between the second step structure, the step surface 111 of the first step structure and the vertical surface.

[0121] In this embodiment, the second dissolving layer 24 is annular and fixed in the second dissolving layer 24 installation space, with its inner edge pressed onto the second step structure of the second protective layer 23 and its outer edge fixed onto the cylinder 1, thereby fixing the second protective layer 23 onto the step surface 111 of the first step structure.

[0122] In this embodiment, the second dissolving layer 24 is fixed in the installation space of the second dissolving layer 24 by casting. Generally, a hot-melt slurry soluble in electrolyte can be cast in the installation space of the second dissolving layer 24, and after cooling, the second dissolving layer 24 can be formed, and the second protective layer 23 can be fixed on the cylinder 1 while achieving sealing. The material of the second dissolving layer 24 is at least one of PS, PMMA, SMMA, TPU, ABS, POM, PA6, PA12, and PVC.

[0123] In some other embodiments, a sealant that is soluble in the electrolyte may be poured into the installation space of the second dissolvable layer 24, and after solidification, the second dissolvable layer 24 may be formed.

[0124] Reference Fig.25 In this embodiment, the end plate assembly 2 can be fixed on the cylinder 1 by the following process:

[0125] First, the second protective layer 23 is covered on the open end of the cylinder 1;

[0126] Secondly, hot melt material is poured into the installation space of the second dissolving layer 24 . After the hot melt material is cooled, the second dissolving layer 24 is formed, and the second protective layer 23 is fixed on the cylinder 1 while achieving sealing.

[0127] like Fig.26 The structure diagram of the single cell 001 of this embodiment is shown, which includes the above-mentioned single cell shell component, the battery cell assembly 4 located in the single cell shell component, the electrolyte and the upper cover plate sealed and fixed to the open end of the single cell shell component.

[0128] The above-mentioned single cell 001 is used to construct a large-capacity battery, including a housing 6 and a plurality of single cell 001 components arranged in the housing 6; an electrolyte sharing chamber 9 is provided between the bottom of each single cell 001 component and the housing bottom plate 61, for details, please refer to Fig.15 and Fig.16 .

[0129] The electrolyte sharing chamber 9 described here is a liquid channel extending along the length direction (x direction) of the shell 6 between the shell bottom plate 61 and each single cell 001. The liquid channel can be integrally formed with the shell bottom plate 61, or formed by setting a support between the lower cover plate of the single cell 001 and the shell bottom plate 61.

[0130] In the process of constructing the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, each single battery 001 can be unpacked through the following process (each single battery 001 is unpacked to form the above-mentioned single battery 001 component):

[0131] After the assembly of the large-capacity battery is completed (the individual single cells 001 are not unpacked), the electrolyte is injected into the electrolyte sharing chamber 9 to allow the second dissolving layer 24 to automatically dissolve from the outside. Since the second protective layer 23 and the cylinder 1 are not fixed in any way, when the second dissolving layer 24 is dissolved, the second protective layer 23 will automatically fall off from the cylinder 1, thereby allowing the electrolyte sharing chamber 9 to communicate with the inner cavity of the single cell 001, thereby achieving the effect that the electrolytes of all single cells 001 are in the same system.

[0132] This embodiment uses an annular second dissolving layer 24 instead of the solid sheet-shaped first dissolving layer 22 used in Example 1, which has at least the following advantages:

[0133] 1. The end plate assembly 2 has high installation reliability;

[0134] The utility model utilizes the annular second dissolving layer 24 to fix the second protective layer 23 on the battery shell. The annular second dissolving layer 24 can make the edge of the second protective layer 23 firmly bonded to the shell of the single battery 001. Before the second dissolving layer 24 is dissolved, the second protective layer 23 is not easy to fall off, so that the installation reliability of the entire end plate assembly 2 is higher.

[0135] 2. The end plate assembly 2 has good sealing performance;

[0136] The second dissolving layer 24 can well seal the gap between the second protective layer 23 and the shell area around the opening. At the same time, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the shell of the single battery 001 is in direct contact with the second protective layer 23, but cannot contact the second dissolving layer 24 located on the outer surface of the shell. Therefore, during the assembly process of the large-capacity battery (before unpacking), the opening part of each single battery 001 has good sealing performance.

[0137] 3. The end plate assembly 2 is easy to open;

[0138] During the unpacking process, electrolyte is injected into the shared pipeline assembly. Under the action of the electrolyte, the second dissolving layer 24 is dissolved, and the second protective layer 23 falls off from the shell of the single battery 001, thereby connecting the inner cavity of the shell of each single battery 001 with the inner cavity of the shared pipeline assembly. Because the utility model adopts an annular second dissolving layer 24, when the outer diameter is the same, the annular second dissolving layer 24 has a smaller area than the solid dissolving film (sealing film in Example 1). Therefore, compared with Example 1, the dissolution time of the utility model is shorter, and the second protective layer 23 can fall off in a short time, which can shorten the preparation time of large-capacity batteries and improve production efficiency.

Claims

1. A single cell battery housing component, characterized in that: It includes a cylinder and an end plate assembly sealed and fixed at any open end of the cylinder; through the action of external electrolyte, the end plate assembly can fall off from the cylinder, or an opening penetrating the inner cavity of the cylinder is formed in the end plate assembly.

2. The single cell housing member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end plate assembly comprises a first dissolving layer in the form of a sheet and a first protective layer attached to the inner surface of the first dissolving layer, wherein the inner surface of the first dissolving layer is a surface located in the inner cavity of the cylinder; The first protective layer is used to isolate the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the single cell from the first dissolution layer; The area of ​​the first dissolving layer to which the first protective layer is not attached is sealed and fixed to the open end of the cylinder; The material of the first dissolving layer is a material soluble in the electrolyte, and the material of the first protective layer is a material insoluble in the electrolyte.

3. The single cell housing member according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first dissolving layer cooperates with the stopper on the end surface of the open end of the cylinder.

4. The single cell housing member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end plate assembly includes a second protective layer and a second dissolving layer; The second protective layer is in sheet form and covers any open end of the cylinder; the second dissolving layer is in annular form, the inner edge is sealed and fixed to the outer surface of the second protective layer, and the outer edge is sealed and fixed to the outer surface of the open end of the cylinder; wherein the outer surface of the second protective layer is the surface of the second protective layer located outside the inner cavity of the cylinder; The material of the second dissolving layer is a material soluble in the electrolyte, and the material of the second protective layer is a material insoluble in the electrolyte.

5. The single cell housing member according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second dissolving layer is sealed and fixed on the outer surface of the second protective layer and the outer surface of the open end of the cylinder body by casting.

6. The single cell housing member according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first step structure is provided on the open end surface of the cylinder along its circumference; A second step structure is provided at the edge of the second protective layer along the circumference thereof; The inner surface edge of the second protective layer contacts the step surface of the first step structure, and a second dissolving layer installation space is formed between the second step structure and the step surface and the vertical surface of the first step structure; The second dissolving layer is fixed in the second dissolving layer installation space.

7. The single cell housing member according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of blind holes are arranged along the circumference of the step surface area of ​​the first step structure located in the second dissolving layer installation space.

8. A single cell battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte in the shell, wherein the shell is composed of the single cell shell component according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and an upper cover plate sealed and fixed to the open end of the single cell shell component.

9. A large capacity battery, characterized in that: It includes a housing and a plurality of single battery components arranged in the housing; An electrolyte sharing chamber is provided between the bottom of each single cell component and the bottom plate of the housing; The single cell component is a component in which the end plate assembly of the single cell in claim 8 is detached from the cylinder or an opening is formed in the end plate assembly that passes through the inner cavity of the cylinder.

10. The large-capacity battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top plate of the large-capacity battery shell is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery component; the polarity terminals of each single battery component extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the upper cover plate of the single battery component; the part where each polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance holes is provided with a heat transfer pipe clamping part; The heat transfer tube is fixed on the heat transfer tube clamping part of each polarity terminal.

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