Crushing device for preparing organic fertilizer from forestry and agricultural residues

Abstract

According to the smashing device for preparing the organic fertilizer from the forestry and agricultural residues, when the forestry and agricultural residues are smashed, the forestry and agricultural residues are put into a feeding channel and slide to a feeding opening, and a cutting blade on a rotating cutter head is driven by a rotating motor to rotate at a high speed to conduct primary cutting on the forestry and agricultural residues at the feeding opening; cut agricultural and forestry waste fragments fall into the crushing cylinder, due to the fact that a driving gear is meshed with a driven gear, a rotating motor drives a main shaft and a rotating shaft to rotate, and then crushing blades on the rotating shaft are driven to rotate at a high speed, and the agricultural and forestry waste fragments are subjected to secondary crushing through the crushing blades; high-speed air flow is conveyed to the connecting pipe and the annular air conveying pipe through the air blower and sprayed out to the screen through the air spraying pipe, crushed agricultural and forestry waste meeting the particle size requirement is blown into the collecting barrel from screen holes of the screen and discharged through a discharging port of the collecting barrel, and in the crushing process, the agricultural and forestry waste is crushed twice, so that the particle size of the agricultural and forestry waste is reduced. And the crushing effect of the agricultural and forestry waste is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural and forestry waste pulverizing equipment, and specifically to a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural and forestry waste refers to various types of waste materials generated during the agricultural and forestry production process that cannot be directly used or are no longer needed. Agricultural residues refer to crop straw, corn straw, wheat straw, bean straw, etc. remaining in farmland. These wastes are usually cut off during agricultural production and are not directly used; in addition, remaining agricultural products, such as peels, cores, and pomace, are also part of agricultural and forestry waste; in forestry, waste from wood processing, branches and leaves, and bark generated by forest land clearing also constitute part of agricultural and forestry waste. In the process of preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste, agricultural and forestry waste needs to be processed. During the processing, the agricultural and forestry waste needs to be crushed first. However, the existing agricultural and forestry waste crushing device usually only has one set of crushing knives for crushing, which results in poor crushing effect of the crushing device. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry wastes, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present application, a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste comprises a pulverizing drum, a collecting drum, a feeding channel, a rotating motor, a rotating cutter disc, a transmission case and pulverizing blades, wherein a collecting drum is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pulverizing drum, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the collecting drum, a support frame is fixedly provided on the outer side of the bottom of the collecting drum, a feeding port is provided at the top of the pulverizing drum, a feeding channel is fixedly provided on the outer top surface of the pulverizing drum at the position of the feeding port, a rotating motor is fixedly installed at the center position of the outer top surface of the pulverizing drum, an output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the main shaft, and the main shaft passes through the top of the pulverizing drum and extends vertically downward, and a rotating cutter disc is horizontally fixed on the main shaft located inside the pulverizing drum, a plurality of cutting blades are fixedly installed on the rotating cutter disc along its circumference, and the cutting blades are correspondingly arranged at the position of the feeding port, a partition is provided at the bottom of the pulverizing drum, and a plurality of rotating shafts are provided on the top of the partition to rotate along its circumference, each The upper end of each of the rotating shafts is fixedly provided with a plurality of crushing blades along its circumference, and a transmission box is installed at the bottom of the partition, and the lower ends of the plurality of rotating shafts vertically penetrate the partition and the transmission box downward, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the partition and the transmission box, and the main shaft penetrates the middle of the partition and the transmission box, and the upper, middle and lower sections of the main shaft are rotatably connected with the top of the crushing cylinder, the partition and the transmission box respectively, and the main shaft and the plurality of rotating shafts located in the transmission box are transmission-connected by a transmission member, and a screen is provided on the partition at the circumference of the position of each of the rotating shafts, and the screen holes on the plurality of screens penetrate and connect the crushing cylinder and the inside of the collecting cylinder, an annular air supply pipe is fixedly provided on the outer circumference of the crushing cylinder, and a plurality of jet pipes are connected along its circumference on the annular air supply pipe, and the plurality of jet pipes penetrate the side wall of the crushing cylinder and are arranged toward the screen on the partition, and the annular air supply pipe is connected to the blower through a connecting pipe.

[0005] Preferably, a wear-resistant plate is fixedly provided on the inner top surface of the crushing cylinder, and openings with the same size and shape as the feed port are provided on the wear-resistant plate at positions corresponding to the feed port, the rotating cutter disc is located below the wear-resistant plate and the rotating cutter disc is slidably connected to the wear-resistant plate.

[0006] Preferably, the rotating cutter disc is provided with a plurality of mounting notches along its circumference, and the cutting blade is installed at each mounting notch, and the cutting edge of the cutting blade is flush with the top surface of the mounting notch and is arranged corresponding to the feed port.

[0007] Preferably, the center portion of the partition plate protrudes upward to form a guide slope, and the crushing blades on the plurality of rotating shafts are all arranged on the outer peripheral side of the guide slope of the partition plate.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission parts in the transmission case are a driving gear and multiple driven gears, the main shaft located in the transmission case is fixedly connected to the driving gear, the multiple rotating shafts located in the transmission case are respectively fixedly connected to multiple driven gears, and the driving gear is meshingly connected to the multiple driven gears.

[0009] Preferably, two feed openings are symmetrically provided on the outer top surface of the pulverizing cylinder, the two feed channels are symmetrically arranged, and the feed channels are obliquely arranged.

[0010] Preferably, the lower portion of the collecting cylinder is a folded structure.

[0011] The advantages of the present application over the prior art are as follows: a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry wastes of the present application, by means of a rotating cutter disc arranged at the feed inlet in the pulverizing barrel and a plurality of pulverizing blades arranged at the screen, when pulverizing the agricultural and forestry wastes, the agricultural and forestry wastes are put into the feed channel and slide to the feed inlet, the rotating motor drives the plurality of cutting blades on the rotating cutter disc to rotate at high speed to perform primary cutting and pulverizing on the agricultural and forestry wastes at the feed inlet, and then the agricultural and forestry wastes fragments cut for the primary cutting fall into the pulverizing barrel, the rotating motor drives the main shaft to rotate, and then drives the driving gear to rotate , which in turn drives multiple driven gears to rotate, which in turn drives the crushing blades on multiple rotating shafts to rotate at high speed, so that the agricultural and forestry waste fragments that fall into the crushing barrel are crushed for the second time by the high-speed rotating crushing blades, and then the high-speed airflow is transported to the connecting pipe and the annular air pipe through the blower and sprayed out through the jet pipe to the screen on the partition in the crushing barrel, and the agricultural and forestry waste crushed materials that meet the particle size requirements are blown from the screen holes of the screen into the collecting barrel, and then discharged through the discharge port at the bottom of the collecting barrel. In this crushing process, the agricultural and forestry waste is crushed twice, thereby improving the crushing effect of the agricultural and forestry waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a crushing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a main cross-sectional view of a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a sectional stereoscopic diagram of a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a pulverizing cylinder of a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a bottom structural diagram of a pulverizing drum of a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a bottom structural diagram of a pulverizing cylinder without a transmission case of a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rotating cutter disc of a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure numerals: 1. crushing cylinder; 2. collecting cylinder; 3. feeding channel; 4. rotating motor; 5. rotating cutter disc; 6. transmission box; 7. crushing blade; 8. discharge port; 9. support frame; 10. feeding port; 11. main shaft; 12. cutting blade; 13. partition; 14. rotating shaft; 15. screen; 16. annular air pipe; 17. jet pipe; 18. connecting pipe; 19. blower; 20. wear-resistant plate; 21. installation notch; 22. driving gear; 23. driven gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the content of this application easier to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the words "inside" and "outside" refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0021] like Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, a pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry wastes comprises a pulverizing cylinder 1, a collecting cylinder 2, a feeding channel 3, a rotating motor 4, a rotating cutter disc 5, a transmission box 6 and a pulverizing blade 7, and Figure 1 and Figure 2 A collecting cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the crushing cylinder 1, a discharge port 8 is provided at the bottom of the collecting cylinder 2, a support frame 9 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the bottom of the collecting cylinder 2, and the lower part of the collecting cylinder 2 is a folding structure, so as to collect the crushed agricultural and forestry wastes in a centralized manner; Figure 2 , two feed ports 10 are symmetrically provided on the external top surface of the crushing cylinder 1, and a feed channel 3 is fixedly provided at each feed port 10 on the external top surface of the crushing cylinder 1, and the two feed channels 3 are symmetrically arranged, and the feed channels 3 are obliquely arranged so that the agricultural and forestry waste placed in the feed channels 3 can slide to the feed port 10; combined with 2 and Figure 3A rotating motor 4 is fixedly installed at the center of the outer top surface of the grinding cylinder 1, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the main shaft 11, and the main shaft 11 passes through the top of the grinding cylinder 1 and extends vertically downward. A rotating cutter head 5 is horizontally fixed on the main shaft 11 inside the grinding cylinder 1, and a plurality of mounting notches 21 are opened on the rotating cutter head 5 along its circumference. A cutting blade 12 is installed at each mounting notch 21, and the blade of the cutting blade 12 is flush with the top surface of the mounting notch 21, and the cutting blade 12 is correspondingly arranged at the position of the feed port 10 (such as Figure 7 As shown), the high-speed rotating cutting blade 12 can cut and crush the agricultural and forestry waste at the feed port 10; in addition, a wear-resistant plate 20 is fixedly provided on the top surface of the inner part of the crushing cylinder 1, and an opening with the same size and shape as the feed port 10 is provided on the wear-resistant plate 20 at the position corresponding to the feed port 10, and the rotating cutter disc 5 is located below the wear-resistant plate 20 and the rotating cutter disc 5 is slidably connected to the wear-resistant plate 20. This arrangement makes it possible for there to be no gap between the rotating cutter disc 5 and the wear-resistant plate 20, thereby preventing agricultural and forestry waste from being stuck in the gap, so that the cutting blade 12 on the rotating cutter disc 5 can better cut and crush the agricultural and forestry waste at the feed port 10; combined with Figure 2 to Figure 4 A partition 13 is provided at the bottom of the crushing cylinder 1, and the center of the partition 13 is convex upward to form a guiding inclined surface. A plurality of rotating shafts 14 are provided on the top of the partition 13 to rotate along its circumference. A plurality of crushing blades 7 are fixedly provided on the upper end of each rotating shaft 14 along its circumference, and the crushing blades 7 on the plurality of rotating shafts 14 are all arranged on the outer peripheral side of the guiding inclined surface of the partition 13. The guiding inclined surface can guide the cut agricultural and forestry waste fragments to the high-speed rotating crushing blades 7 arranged on the peripheral side, so as to facilitate the secondary crushing of the agricultural and forestry waste fragments; combined with Figure 3 to Figure 6 A transmission box 6 is installed at the bottom of the partition 13, and the lower ends of multiple rotating shafts 14 vertically penetrate the partition 13 and the transmission box 6 downward, and the rotating shafts 14 are rotatably connected with the partition 13 and the transmission box 6. The main shaft 11 penetrates the middle part of the partition 13 and the transmission box 6, and the upper, middle and lower sections of the main shaft 11 are rotatably connected with the top of the crushing tube 1, the partition 13 and the transmission box 6 respectively. The main shaft 11 located in the transmission box 6 is fixedly connected with the driving gear 22, and the multiple rotating shafts 14 located in the transmission box 6 are respectively fixedly connected with the multiple driven gears 23, and the driving gear 22 is meshed and connected with the multiple driven gears 23, so that the rotating motor 4 can drive the main shaft 11 to rotate, and then drive the driving gear 22 and the driven gear 23 to rotate, and then can drive the rotating cutter disc 5 and the crushing blade 7 to rotate at high speed through the main shaft 11 and the rotating shaft 14; combined with Figure 3 to Figure 5 , a screen 15 is arranged on the partition 13 at the circumferential side of each rotating shaft 14, and the screen holes on the plurality of screens 15 penetrate and connect the inside of the crushing cylinder 1 and the collecting cylinder 2. In addition, the screen 15 is mounted on the partition 13 by screws, and the screen 15 can be replaced with screens 15 of different screen hole diameters according to actual conditions; Figure 1and Figure 2 An annular air pipe 16 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral side of the grinding cylinder 1, and a plurality of air injection pipes 17 are connected along the circumference of the annular air pipe 16, and the plurality of air injection pipes 17 all penetrate the side wall of the grinding cylinder 1 and are arranged toward the screen 15 on the partition 13. The annular air pipe 16 is connected to the blower 19 through a connecting pipe 18.

[0022] In this design, by providing a rotating cutter disc 5 at the feed inlet 10 in the pulverizing barrel 1 and a plurality of pulverizing blades 7 at the screen 15, when the agricultural and forestry waste is pulverized, the agricultural and forestry waste is put into the feed channel 3 and slides to the feed inlet 10, and the rotating motor 4 drives the plurality of cutting blades 12 on the rotating cutter disc 5 to rotate at high speed to perform primary cutting and pulverizing on the agricultural and forestry waste at the feed inlet 10, and then the agricultural and forestry waste fragments that are initially cut fall into the pulverizing barrel 1, and the rotating motor 4 drives the main shaft 11 to rotate, thereby driving the driving gear 22 to rotate, and then driving the plurality of driven gears 23 to rotate .... The pulverizing blades 7 on the multiple rotating shafts 14 are driven to rotate at a high speed, so that the agricultural and forestry waste fragments that fall into the pulverizing barrel 1 are secondary pulverized by the high-speed rotating pulverizing blades 7, and then the high-speed airflow is transported to the connecting pipe 18 and the annular air pipe 16 by the blower 19 and sprayed through the jet pipe 17 to the screen 15 on the partition 13 in the pulverizing barrel 1, and the agricultural and forestry waste crushed materials that meet the particle size requirements are blown from the sieve holes of the screen 15 into the collecting barrel 2, and then discharged through the discharge port 8 at the bottom of the collecting barrel 2. In this pulverizing process, the agricultural and forestry waste is pulverized twice, thereby improving the pulverizing effect of the agricultural and forestry waste.

[0023] Working principle: When crushing agricultural and forestry waste, the agricultural and forestry waste is put into the feeding channel 3 and slides to the feeding port 10. The rotating motor 4 drives the multiple cutting blades 12 on the rotating cutter disc 5 to rotate at high speed to perform the initial cutting and crushing on the agricultural and forestry waste at the feeding port 10, and then the initially cut agricultural and forestry waste fragments fall into the crushing barrel 1, and the rotating motor 4 drives the main shaft 11 to rotate, and then drives the driving gear 22 to rotate, and then drives the multiple driven gears 23 to rotate, and then drives the crushing blades 7 on the multiple rotating shafts 14 to rotate at high speed, so that the agricultural and forestry waste fragments that fall into the crushing barrel 1 are crushed for the second time by the high-speed rotating crushing blades 7, and then the high-speed airflow is transported to the connecting pipe 18 and the annular air supply pipe 16 by the blower 19, and sprayed to the screen 15 on the partition 13 in the crushing barrel 1 through the jet pipe 17, and the agricultural and forestry waste crushed materials that meet the particle size requirements are blown from the sieve holes of the sieve 15 into the collecting barrel 2, and then discharged through the discharge port 8 at the bottom of the collecting barrel 2.

[0024] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present application are described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents, without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry wastes, comprising a pulverizing cylinder (1), a collecting cylinder (2), a feeding channel (3), a rotating motor (4), a rotating cutter disc (5), a transmission housing (6) and a pulverizing blade (7), characterized in that: A collecting cylinder (2) is fixedly connected below the pulverizing cylinder (1), a discharge port (8) is provided at the bottom of the collecting cylinder (2), a support frame (9) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the bottom of the collecting cylinder (2), a feed port (10) is provided at the top of the pulverizing cylinder (1), a feed channel (3) is fixedly provided on the external top surface of the pulverizing cylinder (1) at the position of the feed port (10), a rotating motor (4) is fixedly installed at the center position of the external top surface of the pulverizing cylinder (1), an output shaft of the rotating motor (4) is fixedly connected to the upper end of a main shaft (11), and the main shaft (11) passes through the top of the pulverizing cylinder (1) and A rotating cutter disc (5) is horizontally fixedly arranged on the main shaft (11) extending vertically downward and located inside the pulverizing cylinder (1), a plurality of cutting blades (12) are fixedly installed on the rotating cutter disc (5) along its circumference, and the cutting blades (12) are arranged at the position of the feed inlet (10) correspondingly, a partition plate (13) is arranged at the bottom of the pulverizing cylinder (1), a plurality of rotating shafts (14) are rotatably arranged at the top of the partition plate (13) along its circumference, a plurality of pulverizing blades (7) are fixedly arranged at the upper end of each rotating shaft (14) along its circumference, a transmission box (6) is installed at the bottom of the partition plate (13), and a plurality of rotating shafts (14) are arranged at the bottom of the partition plate (13). The lower ends of the rotating shafts (14) vertically penetrate the partition (13) and the transmission box (6) downward, and the rotating shafts (14) are rotatably connected to the partition (13) and the transmission box (6). The main shaft (11) penetrates the middle of the partition (13) and the transmission box (6), and the upper, middle and lower sections of the main shaft (11) are rotatably connected to the top of the crushing tube (1), the partition (13) and the transmission box (6) respectively. The main shaft (11) and the plurality of rotating shafts (14) located in the transmission box (6) are connected by transmission parts. The partition (13) A screen (15) is arranged on the circumferential side of each of the rotating shafts (14); a plurality of screen holes on the screen (15) penetrate and communicate with the inside of the pulverizing cylinder (1) and the collecting cylinder (2); an annular air supply pipe (16) is fixedly arranged on the outer circumferential side of the pulverizing cylinder (1); a plurality of air injection pipes (17) are arranged on the annular air supply pipe (16) along its circumferential direction; and the plurality of air injection pipes (17) penetrate the side wall of the pulverizing cylinder (1) and are arranged toward the screen (15) on the partition (13); the annular air supply pipe (16) is connected to a blower (19) via a connecting pipe (18).

2. A pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wear-resistant plate (20) is fixedly provided on the inner top surface of the pulverizing cylinder (1), and an opening having a size and shape consistent with the feed port (10) is provided on the wear-resistant plate (20) at a position corresponding to the feed port (10), and the rotating cutter disc (5) is located below the wear-resistant plate (20) and the rotating cutter disc (5) is slidably connected to the wear-resistant plate (20).

3. A pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating cutter disc (5) is provided with a plurality of mounting notches (21) along its circumference, and each mounting notch (21) is provided with a cutting blade (12), and the cutting edge of the cutting blade (12) is flush with the top surface of the mounting notch (21) and is arranged corresponding to the feed port (10).

4. The pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center portion of the partition plate (13) protrudes upward to form a guide slope, and the crushing blades (7) on the plurality of rotating shafts (14) are all arranged on the outer peripheral side of the guide slope of the partition plate (13).

5. The pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission parts in the transmission housing (6) are a driving gear (22) and a plurality of driven gears (23); the main shaft (11) located in the transmission housing (6) is fixedly connected to the driving gear (22); the plurality of rotating shafts (14) located in the transmission housing (6) are respectively fixedly connected to the plurality of driven gears (23); the driving gear (22) is meshedly connected to the plurality of driven gears (23).

6. The pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer top surface of the pulverizing cylinder (1) is symmetrically provided with two feed openings (10), the two feed channels (3) are symmetrically arranged, and the feed channels (3) are obliquely arranged.

7. The pulverizing device for preparing organic fertilizer from agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the collecting cylinder (2) is a folding structure.

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