Automatic yaw system of tidal current energy unit

Abstract

An automatic yaw system of a tidal current energy unit is characterized by comprising a yaw driving device and a frequency converter multi-transmission system, the yaw driving device comprises a large gear, the large gear is meshed with a plurality of small gears, the small gears are connected with a yaw motor through a speed reducer, the motor drives the small gears through the speed reducer, and the small gears are in meshed transmission with the large gear. The water flow direction can be quickly and stably aligned, and the maximum tidal current energy is obtained; the frequency converter multi-transmission system comprises a rectifier and a plurality of inverters, the rectifier receives electric energy output by the yaw motor, the plurality of inverters convert direct current output by the rectifier into alternating current to respectively drive the yaw motor to operate, and synchronous control is realized through the bus main control PLC system; according to the system, the water flow direction is quickly and stably aligned, and the operation efficiency of the generator set is improved; a frequency converter multi-transmission system adopts a common bus design, a built-in algorithm prevents a tooth beating phenomenon, synchronous control is realized through a bus, and balanced load distribution is ensured; and the reliability of the system is improved by the dual-rectification redundancy design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of generators, in particular to an automatic yaw system for a tidal energy unit. Background Art

[0002] In the field of generator technology, the yaw system is an important component of the generator set, which is mainly used to adjust the axis of the nacelle so that it can quickly and smoothly align with the water flow direction to obtain the maximum tidal energy. However, there are some problems with the existing yaw system, such as frequent tooth-breaking, unstable synchronous control, and long downtime due to failures, which affect the operating efficiency and reliability of the generator set.

[0003] At present, there are also related technologies available. For example, CN114576076A discloses a tidal power generation device and its yaw device and yaw method. The yaw device includes a yaw main shaft, a yaw motor, a brake, a flow direction sensor, a yaw dial, a yaw pointer, an encoder and a controller. At least one horizontal axis hydro-turbine generator is fixed on the yaw main shaft. The yaw motor drives the yaw main shaft to rotate to drive the horizontal axis hydro-turbine generator to change direction. The encoder reads the rotation angle of the horizontal axis hydro-turbine generator through the yaw pointer and the yaw dial. The controller receives and analyzes the flow direction signal from the flow direction sensor and the rotation angle signal sent by the encoder to determine whether the horizontal axis hydro-turbine generator needs to yaw. If yaw is required, the angle at which the horizontal axis hydro-turbine generator needs to yaw is calculated to control the operation of the yaw motor. When the horizontal axis hydro-turbine generator rotates to the required yaw angle, the controller controls the brake to work; however, the device and method have the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1) When the yaw braking is completed, the yaw motor will lose power immediately, and the yaw motor will instantly drop from high speed to zero. This is because the gear ring of the yaw main shaft is locked by the brake when not yawed. The high speed of the yaw motor after power failure cannot rotate, and the yaw main shaft is forced to drop to zero at high speed, resulting in gear knocking. If this continues for a long time, it will cause fatigue failure, motor jamming and other problems;

[0005] 2) When multiple units are placed, the wake effect generated by the rotation of the turbine is not considered. When the flow rate is too high, the water-facing surface of the impeller will be perpendicular to the direction of the water flow. No device to avoid large water flow is considered or designed, resulting in poor stability.

[0006] 3) When it is detected that the unit needs to yaw, the yaw motor drives the yaw main shaft to rotate without considering the twisting angle of the unit cable. The cable will be damaged due to twisting, which has poor safety.

[0007] Moreover, the device and method have complex structures, complicated control procedures, poor sensitivity, low stability, low efficiency and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an automatic yaw system for a tidal energy unit, so as to solve the problems of frequent tooth hitting, unstable synchronous control and long fault downtime in the existing yaw system, and to improve the operating efficiency and reliability of the generator set.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an automatic yaw system of a tidal energy unit, including a yaw drive device and a frequency converter multi-transmission system, wherein the yaw drive device includes a large gear, the large gear is meshed with a plurality of small gears, the small gears are connected to the yaw motor through a reduction device, the yaw motor drives the small gear through the reduction device, the small gears are meshed with the large gears for transmission, so as to quickly and smoothly align the water flow direction and obtain the maximum tidal energy; the frequency converter multi-transmission system includes a rectifier and a plurality of inverters, the rectifier receives the electric energy output by the yaw motor, the plurality of inverters convert the direct current output by the rectifier into alternating current, respectively drive the yaw motor to operate, and realize synchronous control through the bus master PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) to ensure balanced load distribution of each yaw motor.

[0010] In a preferred solution, the yaw motor is an asynchronous motor, the reduction device is a reduction box, and the reduction box adopts a four-stage transmission structure.

[0011] In a preferred solution, the yaw drive device includes a plurality of yaw motors, each of which is independently controlled by each inverter in the inverter multi-transmission system to meet the needs of generator sets with different power requirements.

[0012] In a preferred solution, the inverter multi-transmission system also includes a common bus design to achieve high-performance multi-machine transmission and reduce the system size.

[0013] In a preferred solution, the inverter multi-transmission system supports Modbus / CANopen / Profibus-DP protocols to achieve communication between the main control PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and the rectifier, and between the rectifier and each inverter.

[0014] In the preferred solution, the inverter multi-transmission system has a built-in algorithm to evenly distribute the impact force of the water flow to several yaw motors during yaw, and adopts variable frequency starting. The starting current is small and starts gradually from small to large. When shutting down, the current is slowly reduced to zero to avoid locking the bearings during yaw shutdown and prevent tooth knocking.

[0015] In a preferred solution, the inverter multi-transmission system also includes a dual rectifier redundancy design to improve system reliability and reduce startup impact current.

[0016] In a preferred solution, the yaw system is further provided with an external panel for debugging and monitoring the operating status of the yaw system.

[0017] In a preferred solution, the yaw system further includes an input filter or a reactor for improving the power quality and the stability of the system.

[0018] The automatic yaw system of the tidal energy unit provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The utility model solves some problems existing in the existing yaw system, such as frequent tooth-beating, unstable synchronous control, long downtime due to failure, etc. These problems affect the operating efficiency and reliability of the generator set;

[0020] 2. The utility model optimizes the structural design of the yaw drive device so that it can quickly and smoothly align with the water flow direction, obtain the maximum tidal energy, and improve the operating efficiency of the generator set;

[0021] 3. The utility model realizes high-performance multi-machine transmission through the common bus design of the inverter multi-transmission system, reduces the system volume and improves the integration;

[0022] 4. The utility model uses the built-in algorithm of the inverter multi-transmission system to lock the bearing when the yaw stops, preventing the occurrence of tooth hitting and improving the stability and reliability of the system;

[0023] 5. The utility model realizes synchronous control through the bus master PLC system, ensures balanced load distribution, reduces gear knocking, and improves the operating efficiency of the system;

[0024] 6. The utility model improves the reliability of the system, reduces the starting impact current, and prolongs the service life of the equipment through the dual rectifier redundant design;

[0025] 7. The utility model facilitates the debugging and monitoring of the operating status of the yaw system by setting up an external panel of the yaw system, thereby further improving the practicality, reliability and safety of the system;

[0026] 8. The utility model improves the power quality and system stability by setting up an input filter or reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the yaw drive device of the yaw system of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is the topological diagram of the inverter multi-transmission system of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 is the current of the four yaw motors in Example 2 of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 is the inverter bus voltage of the four inverters in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 is the rotation speed of the four yaw motors in Example 2 of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 is the torque on the load side and yaw side of the four yaw motors in Example 2 of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 is the current of the four yaw motors in Example 3 of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 is the inverter bus voltage of the four inverters in Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

[0036] Fig. 9 is the rotation speed of the four yaw motors in Example 3 of the utility model;

[0037] Fig.10 is the torque on the load side and yaw side of the four yaw motors in Example 3 of the utility model;

[0038] In the figure: large gear 1, small gear 2, reduction device 3, yaw motor 4, rectifier 5, inverter 6, main control PLC 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1~2 As shown, the automatic yaw system of the tidal energy unit includes a yaw drive device and a frequency converter multi-transmission system, wherein the yaw drive device includes a large gear 1, the large gear 1 is meshed with a plurality of small gears 2, the small gears 2 are connected to the yaw motor 4 through a reduction gear 3, the yaw motor 4 drives the small gear 2 through the reduction gear 3, the small gear 2 is meshed with the large gear 1 for transmission, so as to quickly and smoothly align the water flow direction and obtain the maximum tidal energy; the frequency converter multi-transmission system includes a rectifier 5 and a plurality of inverters 6, the rectifier 5 receives the electric energy output by the yaw motor 4, the plurality of inverters 6 convert the direct current output by the rectifier 5 into alternating current, respectively drive the yaw motor 4 to operate, and realize synchronous control through the bus master PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 7 to ensure balanced load distribution of each yaw motor 4.

[0042] In this embodiment, the yaw motor 4 is an asynchronous motor, the reduction device 3 is a reduction box, and the reduction box adopts a four-stage transmission structure.

[0043] Furthermore, the yaw drive device includes a plurality of yaw motors 4, and each yaw motor 4 is independently controlled by each inverter in the inverter multi-transmission system to meet the generator sets with different power requirements.

[0044] Furthermore, the inverter multi-transmission system also includes a common bus design to achieve high-performance multi-machine transmission and reduce the system size.

[0045] Furthermore, the inverter multi-transmission system supports Modbus / CANopen / Profibus-DP protocols to realize the communication between the main control PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 7 and the rectifier 5, and between the rectifier 5 and each inverter 6.

[0046] Furthermore, the inverter multi-transmission system has a built-in algorithm to lock the bearings during yaw shutdown to prevent tooth striking.

[0047] Furthermore, the built-in algorithm of the inverter multi-transmission system is as follows: the yaw device is provided with eight groups of motors in total, and each lifting and steering device is equipped with four yaw motors, two in a group, and each group of motors is parallel or perpendicular to the unit platform direction (+). The two units are arranged in parallel on the unit platform, and the impact force brought by the water flow is orthogonally decomposed and evenly distributed to the horizontal and vertical motors;

[0048] The yaw motor is started by a frequency converter. The starting current is small and increases slowly from small to large to avoid loud starting noise and short-term high-load impact. At the same time, when the unit stops yaw, the yaw motor stops by reducing the current little by little to reduce the speed to zero to avoid gear knocking.

[0049] Furthermore, the inverter multi-transmission system also includes a dual rectifier redundant design to improve system reliability and reduce startup impact current.

[0050] Furthermore, the yaw system is also provided with an external panel for debugging and monitoring the operating status of the yaw system.

[0051] Furthermore, the yaw system also includes an input filter or a reactor for improving the power quality and the stability of the system.

[0052] During specific use, the yaw motor 4 drives the small gear 2 through the reduction device 3, and the small gear 2 is meshed with the large gear 1 for transmission to quickly and smoothly align the water flow direction and obtain the maximum tidal energy; the rectifier 5 of the frequency converter multi-transmission system receives the electric energy output by the yaw motor 4, and a number of inverters 6 convert the DC power output by the rectifier 5 into AC power, which drives the yaw motors 4 to operate respectively, and realizes synchronous control through the bus master PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 7 to ensure balanced load distribution of each yaw motor 4.

[0053] In practical applications, the yaw system realizes independent control of the yaw motor 4 through the inverter multi-transmission system. Each yaw motor 4 is equipped with an independent inverter 6 to ensure the stable operation and balanced load distribution of each motor. At the same time, the inverter multi-transmission system has a built-in algorithm to lock the bearing when the yaw is shut down to prevent tooth punching. In addition, the system also uses a bus master PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 7 to realize synchronous control to ensure the synchronous operation of each yaw motor 4. By accurately controlling the speed and torque of each yaw motor 4, balanced load distribution is achieved, further improving the operating efficiency and stability of the system.

[0054] In terms of the installation environment, the yaw system of the utility model can be flexibly configured according to actual needs. During the installation process, refer to the user manual for correct installation and wiring to ensure the normal operation and safety of the system.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiment 1, Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the yaw drive device includes a large gear 1, which is meshed with four small gears 2. The small gear 2 is connected to the yaw motor 4 through a reduction gear 3, that is, the system is provided with four yaw motors 4, and the remaining settings and use methods are the same as in Example 1. The system is now debugged and tested: the target frequency 0HZ is given on the yaw side, and the control mode is the encoderless vector mode; a torque of 0~100NM is applied on the load side, and the conditions of each inverter in the inverter multi-transmission system are observed. The output frequency of the four inverters 6 is maintained at 0HZ, the bus voltage is stable, and the output current is constant. As the load increases, the speed increases slightly. When the load increases to 100NM, the load drags the platform to operate normally.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiments 1 and 2, as Figures 7-10As shown, the target frequency 0HZ is given on the yaw side, and the control mode is encoderless vector mode; an alternating load is applied on the load side, and the conditions of each inverter in the inverter multi-transmission system are observed; at the moment of load alternation, the speed increases, the load drives the platform to operate normally, the four-axis bus voltage is stable, the output frequency fluctuates slightly, and a constant current output is maintained.

[0059] The test results of Examples 2 and 3 show that the automatic yaw system of the tidal energy unit of the utility model optimizes the system structure and control algorithm, adopts the variable frequency starting of Example 3, and evenly distributes the impact force brought by the water flow to the two groups of motors, effectively avoiding the tooth-beating phenomenon, achieving rapid and smooth alignment with the water flow direction, improving the operating efficiency, and ensuring balanced load distribution.

[0060] In the preferred solution, the yaw motor 4 is an asynchronous motor, the reduction device 3 is a reduction box, and the reduction box adopts a four-stage transmission structure; the above arrangement makes the working state of the yaw motor 4 and the reduction device 3 more stable, thereby further improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0061] In the preferred scheme, the yaw drive device includes multiple yaw motors 4, and each yaw motor 4 is independently controlled by each inverter in the inverter multi-transmission system to meet the power requirements of the generator sets with different power requirements; the above setting realizes the independent control of each yaw motor 4, meets the power requirements of the generator sets with different power requirements, and improves the stability, reliability and working efficiency of the system.

[0062] In the preferred scheme, the inverter multi-transmission system also includes a common bus design, which is used to achieve high-performance multi-machine transmission and reduce the system volume; the above setting realizes high-performance multi-machine transmission and reduces the system volume, making the system structure compact, thereby further improving the efficiency of system operation.

[0063] In the preferred solution, the inverter multi-transmission system supports Modbus / CANopen / Profibus-DP protocol to realize the communication between the main control PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 7 and the rectifier 5, and the rectifier 5 and each inverter 6; the above setting realizes the communication between the main control PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 7 and the rectifier 5, and the rectifier 5 and each inverter 6, and improves the sensitivity, stability and safety of the system.

[0064] In the preferred scheme, the inverter multi-transmission system has a built-in algorithm to evenly distribute the impact force of the water flow to each yaw motor 4, and adopts variable frequency starting and shutdown to avoid locking the bearings during yaw shutdown and prevent tooth hitting. The above settings avoid locking the bearings during yaw shutdown and prevent tooth hitting, thereby further improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0065] In the preferred scheme, the inverter multi-transmission system also includes a dual rectifier redundant design to improve system reliability and reduce starting impact current; the above settings improve system reliability and reduce starting impact current, thereby further improving the stability, reliability and safety of the system.

[0066] In a preferred solution, the yaw system is further provided with an external panel for debugging and monitoring the operating status of the yaw system; the above arrangement facilitates debugging and monitoring the operating status of the yaw system, thereby further improving the practicality, reliability and safety of the system.

[0067] In a preferred solution, the yaw system also includes an input filter or reactor for improving the power quality and system stability; the above configuration improves the power quality and system stability, thereby further improving the operating efficiency and stability of the generator set.

[0068] In summary, the proposed new automatic yaw system for tidal energy units solves some problems existing in the existing yaw systems, such as frequent tooth-beating, unstable synchronous control, and long downtime due to faults, which affect the operating efficiency and reliability of the generator set; by optimizing the structural design of the yaw drive device, it can quickly and smoothly align with the water flow direction to obtain the maximum tidal energy and improve the operating efficiency of the generator set; through the common busbar design of the inverter multi-transmission system, high-performance multi-machine transmission is achieved, the system volume is reduced, and the integration is improved; through the built-in algorithm of the inverter multi-transmission system, the bearings are locked during yaw shutdown to prevent tooth-beating and improve the stability and reliability of the system; through the bus master PLC system Realize synchronous control, ensure balanced load distribution, reduce tooth knocking, and improve the operating efficiency of the system; through the dual rectifier redundant design, improve the reliability of the system, reduce the starting impact current, and extend the service life of the equipment; through the setting of the yaw system external lead-in panel, it is convenient to debug and monitor the operating status of the yaw system, thereby further improving the practicality, reliability and safety of the system; through the setting of the input filter or reactor, the power quality and system stability are improved; the utility model has exquisite design, simple structure, safety and reliability, small ideas to solve practical problems, good scalability, upgradeability and applicability, has high practical application value, has broad application prospects, good economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. The automatic yaw system of the tidal energy unit is characterized by: The invention comprises a yaw drive device and a frequency converter multi-transmission system, wherein the yaw drive device comprises a large gear (1), the large gear (1) is meshed with a plurality of small gears (2), the small gears (2) are connected to a yaw motor (4) through a reduction gear (3), the yaw motor (4) drives the small gear (2) through the reduction gear (3), the small gears (2) and the large gear (1) are meshed for transmission, so as to quickly and smoothly align the water flow direction and obtain the maximum tidal current energy; the frequency converter multi-transmission system comprises a rectifier (5) and a plurality of inverters (6), the rectifier (5) receives the electric energy output by the yaw motor (4), the plurality of inverters (6) convert the direct current output by the rectifier (5) into alternating current, respectively drive the yaw motors (4) to operate, and realize synchronous control through a bus master control PLC (7), so as to ensure that the load of each yaw motor (4) is evenly distributed.

2. The automatic yaw system for tidal energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yaw motor (4) is an asynchronous motor, and the reduction device (3) is a reduction box, which adopts a four-stage transmission structure.

3. The automatic yaw system for tidal energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yaw drive device comprises a plurality of yaw motors (4), each yaw motor (4) being independently controlled by each frequency converter in a frequency converter multi-transmission system to meet the needs of generator sets with different power requirements.

4. The automatic yaw system for tidal energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter multi-transmission system also includes a common bus design to achieve high-performance multi-machine transmission and reduce the system size.

5. The automatic yaw system for tidal energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter multi-transmission system supports Modbus / CANopen / Profibus-DP protocols, and realizes communication between the master control PLC (7) and the rectifier (5), and between the rectifier (5) and each inverter (6).

6. The automatic yaw system for tidal energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter multi-transmission system has a built-in algorithm to evenly distribute the impact force of the water flow to each yaw motor (4), and adopts variable frequency starting and stopping to avoid locking the bearings during yaw shutdown and prevent the occurrence of gear knocking.

7. The automatic yaw system for tidal energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter multi-transmission system also includes a dual rectifier redundancy design to improve system reliability and reduce startup impact current.

8. The automatic yaw system for tidal energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yaw system is also provided with an external panel for debugging and monitoring the operating status of the yaw system.

9. The automatic yaw system for tidal current energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yaw system also includes an input filter or a reactor for improving the power quality and the stability of the system.

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