Throttling refrigerator and infrared detector

Abstract

The utility model relates to a throttling refrigerator which comprises an expansion cavity, a refrigerator air outlet and an adjusting device used for adjusting the size of the refrigerator air outlet, the adjusting device comprises an inflation cavity and a valve plate, and the inflation cavity is communicated with the expansion cavity through a drainage pipe. The valve plate moves along with the pressure change of the inflation cavity so as to adjust the size of the air outlet of the refrigerator. The utility model further provides an infrared detector which comprises a chip and the throttling refrigerator, and the throttling refrigerator provides cooling capacity for the chip. The adjusting device is adopted to adjust the size of the air outlet of the refrigerator, and the air in the expansion cavity is led to the inflation cavity of the adjusting device, so that the valve plate of the adjusting device adjusts the size of the air outlet of the refrigerator along with the pressure change of the inflation cavity, the air in the expansion cavity is accumulated, and the pressure in the expansion cavity is increased; a certain pressure corresponds to a certain saturation temperature, and the temperature of the two-phase region of the refrigerator can be increased by increasing the back pressure, so that the coke temperature of the detector is adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the fields of refrigeration and cryogenic engineering and infrared technology, in particular to a throttling refrigerator and an infrared detector. Background Art

[0002] Infrared detectors are the core components of infrared technology and the forerunner of infrared technology development. Infrared detectors are widely used in civil and military fields such as missile guidance, space exploration, early warning satellites and reconnaissance.

[0003] In the field of small low temperature, throttling coolers have the characteristics of compact structure, high reliability, and fast start-up, and are widely used in the infrared field. For example, weapon systems such as fast-start surface-to-air missiles generally use throttling cooling detectors, such as the United States' Stinger and Russia's Igla. The throttling cooler not only provides a low-temperature environment for the infrared guidance system, but is also closely related to the performance of the missile. For example, the cooling time of the cooler determines the reaction time of the missile, and the cold storage time of the cooler determines the flight time of the missile.

[0004] The throttling refrigerator uses the throttling refrigeration effect to make the working fluid reach a low temperature and become a liquefied or semi-liquefied state, that is, the refrigeration temperature is ultimately the two-phase temperature of the working fluid. The throttling refrigerator generally uses argon or nitrogen, so its refrigeration temperature is generally around 87K or 77K.

[0005] The cooling temperature of the existing open throttling refrigerator depends on the two-phase temperature of the working fluid and cannot be adjusted arbitrarily, which greatly limits the application scope and field of throttling cooling infrared detectors. For example, for high-temperature detectors, their operating temperature is generally above 100K, but there is no safe and reliable cooling medium for throttling refrigerators. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a throttling refrigerator and an infrared detector, which can at least solve some of the defects in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the utility model provides the following technical solution: a throttling refrigerator, comprising an expansion chamber, a refrigerator air outlet, and also comprising an adjusting device for adjusting the size of the refrigerator air outlet, the adjusting device comprising an inflation chamber and a valve plate, the inflation chamber is connected to the expansion chamber through a drainage tube, and the valve plate moves with the change of inflation chamber pressure to adjust the size of the refrigerator air outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the regulating device includes a deformable telescopic member, which has an inner cavity and an opening, the opening of the inner cavity is closed to form an inflation cavity, one end of the telescopic member is fixed, and the other end is connected to the valve plate, and the valve plate is opposite to the air outlet of the refrigerator.

[0009] Furthermore, the telescopic member is a bellows.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a base, the base has a cavity, the telescopic member and the valve sheet are both located in the cavity of the base, and the base and the valve sheet together seal the opening of the inner cavity of the telescopic member.

[0011] Furthermore, the base includes a first seat body having an inner cavity and an opening and a second seat body connected to the first seat body, the telescopic member and the valve sheet are both arranged in the first seat body, and the second seat body is installed at the opening of the first seat body.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a core shaft, a heat exchange tube wound around the core shaft, and a cold finger sleeved outside the heat exchange tube. The gap between the core shaft, the heat exchange tube and the cold finger forms a gas reflux channel, the expansion chamber is connected to the gas reflux channel, and the outlet of the gas reflux channel is the gas outlet of the refrigerator.

[0013] Furthermore, the first seat body is fixed to the bottom of the cold finger, a gap is provided between the first seat body and the cold finger to form an exhaust channel, and the second seat body is fixed to the bottom of the core shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the mating surface of the valve plate and the refrigerator air outlet. When the valve plate blocks the refrigerator air outlet, the groove connects the refrigerator air outlet with the outside.

[0015] Furthermore, there are a plurality of grooves, and each groove is sequentially arranged on the matching surface in a circumferential direction around the valve plate.

[0016] The embodiment of the utility model provides another technical solution: an infrared detector, comprising a chip and the above-mentioned throttling cooler, wherein the throttling cooler provides cooling for the chip.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: an adjusting device is used to adjust the size of the refrigerator's air outlet, and the gas in the expansion chamber is introduced into the inflation chamber of the adjusting device, so that the valve plate of the adjusting device adjusts the size of the refrigerator's air outlet as the pressure in the inflation chamber changes, thereby causing the accumulation of gas in the expansion chamber, and then increasing the pressure in the expansion chamber. A certain pressure corresponds to a certain saturation temperature, and the increase in back pressure can increase the temperature of the two-phase zone of the refrigerator, thereby adjusting the coke temperature of the detector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A vertical cross-sectional view of a throttling refrigerator provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a valve plate of a throttling refrigerator provided in an embodiment of the utility model from a top view;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of vertical section;

[0021] In the accompanying drawings, 1-expansion chamber; 2-cold plate; 3-cold finger; 4-fin tube; 5-core shaft; 6-drainage tube; 7-throttle hole; 8-valve plate; 9-telescopic member; 10-first seat body; 11-second seat body; 12-inflating chamber; 13-channel; 14-exhaust channel; 15-guide part; 16-give way; 17-center column; 18-guide chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] See also Figure 1The embodiment of the utility model provides a throttling refrigerator, including an expansion chamber 1, a refrigerator outlet, and an adjusting device for adjusting the size of the refrigerator outlet. The adjusting device includes an air-filling chamber 12 and a valve plate 8. The air-filling chamber 12 is connected to the expansion chamber 1 through a drainage tube 6. The valve plate 8 moves with the pressure change of the air-filling chamber 12 to adjust the size of the refrigerator outlet. In this embodiment, the adjusting device is used to adjust the size of the refrigerator outlet, thereby causing the accumulation of gas in the expansion chamber, and then increasing the pressure in the expansion chamber 1. A certain pressure corresponds to a certain saturation temperature. The increase in back pressure can increase the temperature of the two-phase zone of the refrigerator, thereby adjusting the coke temperature of the detector. Specifically, a regulating device is used to regulate the air pressure at the refrigerator outlet. When high-pressure gas enters the refrigerator, a throttling refrigeration effect is generated by the throttling hole 7 and the gas enters the expansion chamber 1. A cold fluid is obtained in the expansion chamber 1. A part of the cold fluid enters the charging chamber 12 through the drainage tube 6, and the other part of the cold fluid is discharged from the refrigerator outlet after heat exchange. The gas in the expansion chamber 1 continuously enters the charging chamber 12, causing the pressure in the charging chamber 12 to continuously increase. The pressure change of the expansion chamber 1 caused by part of the gas entering the charging chamber 12 is extremely small compared to the pressure increase caused by the reduction of the refrigerator outlet, and can even be ignored. That is, although part of the gas in the expansion chamber 1 enters the charging chamber 12, its overall pressure is still increased. The valve plate 8 is driven to move to reduce the refrigerator outlet, so that the discharge of this part of the gas after heat exchange will be reduced, and then the pressure in the expansion chamber 1 will increase, so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the coke temperature of the detector.

[0024] As an optimization solution of the embodiment of the utility model, please refer to Figure 1 , the regulating device includes a deformable telescopic member 9, the telescopic member 9 has an inner cavity and an opening, the opening of the inner cavity is closed to form an air-filled cavity 12, one end of the telescopic member 9 is fixed, and the other end is connected to the valve plate 8, and the valve plate 8 is directly opposite to the air outlet of the refrigerator. In this embodiment, the valve plate can be driven to move by the deformable telescopic member 9. Since the telescopic member 9 is deformable, when the gas is filled into it, it will expand and deform. One end of the telescopic member is fixed, and the end connected to the valve plate 8 will move, thereby reducing the air outlet of the refrigerator. The direction of deformation or the direction of expansion of the telescopic member 9 is toward the air outlet of the refrigerator, ensuring that the valve plate 8 can be delivered to the air outlet of the refrigerator. Preferably, the telescopic member 9 can adopt a bellows, or other elastic tube body that can be expanded and contracted, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0025] As an optimization solution of the embodiment of the utility model, please refer to Figure 1The throttling refrigerator further comprises a base, wherein the base has a cavity, wherein the telescopic member 9 and the valve plate 8 are both located in the cavity of the base, and the base and the valve plate 8 together seal the opening of the inner cavity of the telescopic member 9. In this embodiment, the base is designed to allow the telescopic member 9 and the valve plate 8 to be arranged, and to facilitate the installation of the valve plate 8 to seal the opening of the inner cavity of the telescopic member 9. Preferably, the base includes a first base body 10 with an inner cavity and an opening and a second base body 11 connected to the first base body 10, the telescopic member 9 and the valve disc 8 are both arranged in the first base body 10, and the second base body 11 is installed at the opening of the first base body 10. In this embodiment, the base can be refined into two parts, one part is the first base body 10, and the other part is the second base body 11. The second base body 11 is installed on the first base body 10, and the second base body 11 has a guide portion 15 protruding downward, and the guide portion 15 is columnar. The valve disc 8 is sleeved on the guide portion 15 to guide the movement direction of the valve disc 8 through the guide portion 15. Preferably, the valve disc 8 has a clearance groove 16 for giving way to the second base body 11 to prevent the second base body 11 from restricting the movement of the valve disc 8. The first seat body 10 includes a central column 17, the second seat body 11 is sealed and fixedly installed with the central column 17, the valve plate 8 and the second seat body 11 cooperate to block the opening above the inner cavity of the telescopic member 9, and the first seat body 10 blocks the opening below the inner cavity of the telescopic member 9. A guide cavity 18 is formed between the guide portion 15 of the second seat body 11 and the central column 17, the drainage tube 6 is connected to the guide cavity 18, and the guide cavity 18 is connected to the inflation cavity 12. Preferably, the first seat body 10 and the second seat body 11 can adopt flanges.

[0026] To further optimize the above solution, please refer to Figure 1 The throttling refrigerator also includes a core shaft 5, a heat exchange tube wound around the core shaft 5, and a cold finger 3 sleeved outside the heat exchange tube. The gap between the core shaft 5, the heat exchange tube and the cold finger 3 forms a gas reflux channel. The expansion chamber 1 is connected to the gas reflux channel, and the outlet of the gas reflux channel is the gas outlet of the refrigerator. In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube can be a fin tube 4 for heat exchange. The cold fluid in the expansion chamber 1 enters the gas reflux channel for heat exchange, thereby cooling the high-pressure fluid in the fin tube 4 until the refrigeration temperature is reached.

[0027] To further optimize the above solution, please refer to Figure 1 The first base body 10 is fixed to the bottom of the cold finger 3, a gap is provided between the first base body 10 and the cold finger 3 to form an exhaust passage 14, and the second base body 11 is fixed to the bottom of the core shaft 5. In this embodiment, the refrigerator air outlet is connected to the exhaust passage 14 to discharge the gas.

[0028] As an optimization solution of the embodiment of the utility model, please refer to Figure 1, a groove 13 is provided on the mating surface of the valve plate 8 and the air outlet of the refrigerator, and when the valve plate 8 blocks the air outlet of the refrigerator, the groove 13 connects the air outlet of the refrigerator with the outside world. In this embodiment, by designing the groove 13 on the valve plate 8, when the valve plate 8 is driven by the telescopic member 9 to block the air outlet of the refrigerator, the air outlet of the refrigerator can also be connected with the outside world or the exhaust channel 14 through the groove 13. In this way, the back pressure can be adjusted by the groove 13 on the valve plate 8, thereby adjusting the refrigeration temperature. The groove 13 can be opened or blocked as needed, or the caliber (area) of the groove 13 can be changed as needed. Preferably, there are multiple grooves 13, and each of the grooves 13 is arranged on the mating surface in sequence around the circumferential direction of the valve plate 8.

[0029] As an optimization solution of the embodiment of the utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The base has an air inlet for providing high-pressure gas to enter the fin tube 4. Specifically, the first flange 10 has an air inlet for high-pressure gas to enter, and the air inlet is connected to the fin tube 4. In this way, the high-pressure gas first enters the fin tube 4 from the first flange 10, and then enters the throttling hole 7 from the fin tube 4 to produce a throttling refrigeration effect.

[0030] As an optimization solution of the embodiment of the utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The cold finger 3 is provided with a cold plate 2 near the expansion chamber 1. The cold plate 2 can be cooled by the low-temperature gas in the expansion chamber 1, thereby reducing the temperature of the chip on the cold plate 2.

[0031] The utility model provides an infrared detector, including a chip and the above-mentioned throttling cooler, wherein the throttling cooler provides cooling for the chip. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned throttling cooler is used in the infrared detector to provide cooling for the chip of the infrared detector, and the two-phase zone temperature of the cooler can be adjusted.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A throttling refrigerator, comprising an expansion chamber and a refrigerator air outlet, characterized in that: It also includes an adjusting device for adjusting the size of the refrigerator's air outlet, the adjusting device includes an inflation chamber and a valve plate, the inflation chamber is connected to the expansion chamber through a drainage tube, and the valve plate moves with the pressure change of the inflation chamber to adjust the size of the refrigerator's air outlet.

2. A throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating device comprises a deformable telescopic member, which has an inner cavity and an opening. The opening of the inner cavity is closed to form an air-filled cavity. One end of the telescopic member is fixed, and the other end is connected to the valve plate. The valve plate faces the air outlet of the refrigerator.

3. A throttling refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic member is a bellows.

4. A throttling refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a base, which has a cavity inside. The telescopic member and the valve sheet are both located in the cavity of the base, and the base and the valve sheet together seal the opening of the inner cavity of the telescopic member.

5. A throttling refrigerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base includes a first base body with an inner cavity and an opening and a second base body connected to the first base body. The telescopic member and the valve sheet are both arranged in the first base body, and the second base body is installed at the opening of the first base body.

6. A throttling refrigerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a core shaft, a heat exchange tube wound around the core shaft, and a cold finger sleeved outside the heat exchange tube. The gap between the core shaft, the heat exchange tube and the cold finger forms a gas reflux channel, the expansion chamber is connected to the gas reflux channel, and the outlet of the gas reflux channel is the gas outlet of the refrigerator.

7. A throttling refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first seat body is fixed to the bottom of the cold finger, a gap is provided between the first seat body and the cold finger to form an exhaust channel, and the second seat body is fixed to the bottom of the core shaft.

8. A throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided on the matching surface of the valve plate and the refrigerator air outlet. When the valve plate blocks the refrigerator air outlet, the groove connects the refrigerator air outlet with the outside.

9. A throttling refrigerator according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are a plurality of the grooves, and each of the grooves is sequentially arranged on the matching surface in a circumferential direction around the valve sheet.

10. An infrared detector, comprising a chip, characterized in that: It also includes a throttling cooler as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the throttling cooler provides cooling for the chip.

Images