Prefabricated inverted arch structure used under action of high-strength pressure waves

Abstract

The utility model relates to a prefabricated inverted arch structure used under the action of high-strength pressure waves. An existing tunnel prefabricated inverted arch block is only arranged to meet the common load working condition, the situation that a large high-strength pressure wave load is borne is not considered, and when a prefabricated inverted arch bears the special high-pressure impact load effect at the bottom of a tunnel, the prefabricated inverted arch block cannot form certain buffering and energy releasing on high-pressure waves. The prefabricated inverted arch block comprises a prefabricated inverted arch block body, a plurality of vertical pressure relief holes and a plurality of horizontal pressure relief holes are formed in the top and the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block body in a penetrating mode respectively, a center drainage cavity is horizontally formed in the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block body in a penetrating mode, and a bottom plate notch is formed in the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch block body. The vertical pressure relief hole, the horizontal pressure relief hole, the central drainage cavity and the bottom plate notch jointly form a double energy and pressure relief mechanism from top to bottom. According to the utility model, buffering and energy releasing can be carried out on high-voltage waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a prefabricated invert structure used under the action of high-intensity pressure waves. Background Art

[0002] The inverted arch is a reverse arch structure set at the bottom of the tunnel to improve the stress conditions of the upper supporting structure. It is one of the main components of the tunnel structure. On the one hand, it effectively transfers the stratum pressure above the tunnel to the underground through the tunnel side wall structure or the load on the road surface. On the other hand, it also effectively resists the reaction force from the stratum below the tunnel.

[0003] At present, the existing prefabricated invert blocks of tunnels are only designed to meet general load conditions, and do not take into account the situation of bearing large high-intensity pressure wave loads. When the prefabricated invert blocks are subjected to special high-pressure impact loads at the bottom of the tunnel, such as a fire environment, the prefabricated invert blocks cannot provide a certain buffer and release energy for the high-pressure waves, which in turn damage the facilities at the bottom of the tunnel, thereby reducing the service performance of the structure.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tunnel prefabricated invert structure that can withstand large high-intensity pressure wave loads. Summary of the invention

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a prefabricated inverted arch structure for use under the action of high-intensity pressure waves, so as to at least solve the problem that the current prefabricated inverted arch blocks in tunnels cannot release energy and pressure of high-intensity pressure waves.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A prefabricated inverted arch structure for use under the action of high-intensity pressure waves, comprising a prefabricated inverted arch block arranged at the bottom of a circular tunnel and in a hollow shape, wherein a plurality of vertical pressure relief holes and a plurality of horizontal pressure relief holes are respectively penetrated on the top and front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block for pressure relief and buffering of the high-intensity pressure waves, a central drainage cavity is horizontally penetrated on the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block, a bottom plate recess is provided at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch block for partially hollowing out with the tunnel bottom support, for buffering the high-intensity pressure waves, and the vertical pressure relief holes, the horizontal pressure relief holes, the central drainage cavity and the bottom plate recess together form a double energy release and pressure relief mechanism from top to bottom;

[0008] A plurality of reserved pipeline through-holes are horizontally penetrated through the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block, and drainage pipes connected to the central drainage cavity and the tunnel annular drainage pipe are symmetrically pre-buried on both sides of the interior of the prefabricated inverted arch block for guiding groundwater into the central drainage cavity through gravity potential energy.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom plate recess is arranged just below the central drainage cavity and at the middle position of the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch block, so that the prefabricated inverted arch block forms a "π"-shaped support.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical pressure relief hole is connected to the inner wall of the central drainage cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the horizontal pressure relief holes are arranged directly above the central drainage cavity and are staggered with the vertical pressure relief holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the reserved pipeline perforations are respectively arranged on both sides of the central drainage cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the reserved pipeline through-hole close to the edge of the prefabricated invert block is at a distance of not less than 200 mm from the edge of the prefabricated invert block.

[0014] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the central drainage cavity is one of square, circular or straight-wall arch.

[0015] Furthermore, the center line of the prefabricated invert block coincides with the center line of the tunnel structure.

[0016] Furthermore, cast-in-place wedge blocks are used to fix both sides of the prefabricated inverted arch block to form a consolidation node.

[0017] Furthermore, the drainage pipe is arranged below the reserved pipeline perforation.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. The utility model makes full use of the space under the tunnel track and arranges a double energy-releasing pressure relief mechanism on the prefabricated invert block. While meeting the normal operation function of the tunnel, it ensures the safety of the tunnel invert under the special load of high-intensity pressure waves and achieves the effect of explosion-proof pressure relief.

[0020] 2. The utility model sets a bottom plate recess at the middle position of the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch block to achieve partial evacuation of the prefabricated inverted arch block and the primary support, so that the prefabricated inverted arch block forms a "π"-shaped support under high pressure load, which is used to buffer high-intensity pressure waves and avoid the bottom plate of the prefabricated inverted arch block from being damaged by impact, thereby achieving a pressure relief effect while meeting the force requirements; secondly, according to the size of the high-pressure wave load, vertical pressure relief holes and horizontal pressure relief holes are respectively set vertically and horizontally on the top and front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block to form a pressure relief channel, which is convenient for pressure relief and buffering of high-intensity pressure waves. In addition, the cross-sectional form of the central drainage cavity of the prefabricated inverted arch block can freely optimize its cross-sectional geometric contour according to the load conditions on the premise of meeting the drainage capacity, and can assist the upper vertical pressure relief holes and horizontal pressure relief holes to work together, and the high-pressure airflow is respectively transmitted to the central drainage cavity through the vertical and horizontal openings of the vertical pressure relief holes and the horizontal pressure relief holes and releases energy, thereby achieving the purpose of expanding the diffraction area of ​​the high-pressure wave and increasing its force transmission path, thereby reducing the energy of the high-pressure wave. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, drawings of other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view in the anterior direction;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the utility model installed at the bottom of a tunnel;

[0025] The symbols in the figure are:

[0026] 1-prefabricated invert block, 2-reserved pipeline perforation, 3-bottom plate notch, 4-vertical pressure relief hole, 5-horizontal pressure relief hole, 6-central drainage cavity, 7-drainage pipe, 8-cast-in-place wedge block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively with reference to the relevant drawings. The drawings provide preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thoroughly and comprehensively understood.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected or set, or detachably connected or set, or integrally connected or set. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Example:

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a prefabricated inverted arch structure for use under the action of high-intensity pressure waves, which is designed for the safe arrangement of the tunnel inverted arch base under special load conditions and improves the service performance of the tunnel base. It includes a prefabricated inverted arch block 1 that is arranged at the bottom of a circular tunnel and is in a hollow shape. The center line of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1 coincides with the center line of the tunnel structure. Under the premise of ensuring the strength of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1, the prefabricated inverted arch block 1 is made into a hollow shape to meet the communication and drainage requirements, reduce the weight, and facilitate construction.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, nine vertical pressure relief holes 4 are provided through the middle position of the top of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1. The nine vertical pressure relief holes 4 are symmetrically arranged in three rows from the front side to the rear side of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1, and three vertical pressure relief holes 4 are arranged in each row. Four horizontal pressure relief holes 5 are provided through the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1. The four horizontal pressure relief holes 5 are arranged in a row, and the horizontal pressure relief holes 5 are staggered with the vertical pressure relief holes 4. Both the vertical pressure relief holes 4 and the horizontal pressure relief holes 5 are used to relieve and buffer high-intensity pressure waves, and the apertures of the vertical pressure relief holes 4 and the horizontal pressure relief holes 5 are determined according to aerodynamic calculations.

[0033] A central drainage cavity 6 is horizontally penetrated through the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1. The cross-sectional shape of the central drainage cavity 6 is one of square, circular or straight wall arch. In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the central drainage cavity 6 is square. The central drainage cavity 6 is a channel for draining groundwater, and its water flow area is determined based on the groundwater reserves under different surrounding rock conditions.

[0034] The vertical pressure relief hole 4 is connected to the inner wall of the central drainage cavity 6, and the horizontal pressure relief hole 5 is located directly above the central drainage cavity 6. The vertical pressure relief hole 4 and the horizontal pressure relief hole 5 directly play a pressure relief and buffering role for high-intensity pressure waves. The high-pressure airflow is respectively conducted to the central drainage cavity 6 through the vertical and horizontal openings of the vertical pressure relief hole 4 and the horizontal pressure relief hole 5 and releases energy.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, a bottom plate recess 3 is provided at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1 to form a local hollow with the tunnel bottom support. The bottom plate recess 3 is provided just below the central drainage cavity 6 and at the middle position of the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1, so that the prefabricated inverted arch block 1 forms a "π"-shaped support for buffering high-intensity pressure waves and preventing the bottom plate of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1 from being damaged by impact. The chamfer radius and the depth of the bottom plate recess 3 are determined according to the shear calculation of the bottom plate of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1.

[0036] In this embodiment, the vertical pressure relief holes 4, the horizontal pressure relief holes 5, the central drainage cavity 6 and the bottom plate recess 3 together constitute a double energy release and pressure relief mechanism from top to bottom, all of which are high-pressure resistant functional holes, which are convenient for reducing the impact and shear damage of high-intensity pressure wave loads on the prefabricated arch block 1.

[0037] A plurality of reserved pipeline through-holes 2 are horizontally penetrated through the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1. The reserved pipeline through-holes 2 are general functional holes, and their diameter and number of holes are determined according to the diameter and number of the threading cables. The reserved pipeline through-holes 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the central drainage cavity 6, and can be freely arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically. In the present embodiment, the reserved pipeline through-holes 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central drainage cavity 6, and twelve reserved pipeline through-holes 2 are arranged on each side, which are arranged in three rows of five, five, and two, respectively.

[0038] The distance between the reserved pipeline through-holes 2 near the left and right edges of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1 and the edge of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1 is not less than 200 mm.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, drainage pipes 7 connected to the central drainage cavity 6 and the tunnel annular drainage pipe are symmetrically pre-buried on both sides of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1, and are used to guide groundwater into the central drainage cavity 6 through gravity potential energy, thereby forming a drainage system. The drainage pipes 7 are arranged below the reserved pipeline perforations 2.

[0040] Furthermore, after the prefabricated inverted arch block 1 is installed and positioned, cast-in-place wedge blocks 8 are used to fix the two sides of the prefabricated inverted arch block 1, thereby forming a consolidation node.

[0041] In this embodiment, the prefabricated arch block 1 includes general functional holes and anti-high-pressure functional holes. The general functional holes are reserved to meet the needs of cable laying in the tunnel, and the anti-high-pressure functional holes are set to resist special high-strength loads. The general functional holes and the anti-high-pressure functional holes work together to not only meet the normal functions of the prefabricated arch block 1, but also take into account the structural safety service requirements under special high-strength loads.

[0042] The above specific examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which are only used to help understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, some simple deductions, deformations or substitutions can be made based on the idea of ​​the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated inverted arch structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves, characterized in that: The structure comprises a prefabricated inverted arch block (1) which is arranged at the bottom of a circular tunnel and is in a hollow shape. A plurality of vertical pressure relief holes (4) and a plurality of horizontal pressure relief holes (5) are respectively penetrated on the top and front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1) for relieving and buffering high-intensity pressure waves. A central drainage cavity (6) is horizontally penetrated on the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1). A bottom plate recess (3) which is partially hollowed out from the tunnel bottom support is provided at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1) for buffering high-intensity pressure waves. The vertical pressure relief holes (4), the horizontal pressure relief holes (5), the central drainage cavity (6) and the bottom plate recess (3) together form a double energy release and pressure relief mechanism from top to bottom. A plurality of reserved pipeline through-holes (2) are horizontally penetrated through the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1), and drainage pipes (7) connected to the central drainage cavity (6) and to the tunnel annular drainage pipe are symmetrically pre-buried on both sides of the interior of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1) for guiding groundwater into the central drainage cavity (6) through gravity potential energy.

2. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate recess (3) is arranged directly below the central drainage cavity (6) and at the middle position of the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1), so that the prefabricated inverted arch block (1) forms a "π"-shaped support.

3. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical pressure relief hole (4) is connected to the inner wall of the central drainage cavity (6).

4. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal pressure relief holes (5) are arranged directly above the central drainage cavity (6) and are arranged alternately with the vertical pressure relief holes (4).

5. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reserved pipeline through holes (2) are respectively arranged on both sides of the central drainage cavity (6).

6. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the reserved pipeline through-hole (2) close to the edge of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1) and the edge of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1) is not less than 200 mm.

7. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the central drainage cavity (6) is one of square, circular or straight-walled arch.

8. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the prefabricated invert block (1) coincides with the center line of the tunnel structure.

9. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cast-in-place wedge blocks (8) are used to fix the two sides of the prefabricated inverted arch block (1) to form a consolidation node.

10. The prefabricated invert structure for use under high-intensity pressure waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (7) is arranged below the reserved pipeline perforation (2).

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