Automatic chuck

Abstract

The utility model provides an automatic chuck, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool clamps. The problem of low production efficiency is solved. The automatic chuck comprises a mounting base and a spring chuck which is arranged in the front end of the mounting base and can move front and back, a cylindrical positioning part arranged in the front-back direction is arranged in the rear end of the mounting base, and a discharging rod penetrating through the positioning part is arranged in the mounting base. A discharging spring is arranged in the positioning part, the front end of the discharging rod extends out of the front end of the positioning part under the elastic force effect of the discharging spring, a plurality of notches are formed in the front end of the positioning part in the circumferential direction, a plurality of embedded blocks are arranged at the front end of the discharging rod in a protruding mode in the circumferential direction, and when the discharging rod overcomes the effect of the discharging spring and moves backwards, the embedded blocks can be embedded into the notches. The device has the advantages of high production efficiency, wide applicability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machine tool clamps and relates to an automatic chuck. Background Art

[0002] In current machining, spring chucks are often used when shaft-shaped workpieces need to be turned or drilled. When clamping, a worker manually inserts one end of the workpiece into the spring chuck, and then the hydraulic cylinder installed in the machine tool spindle drives the spring chuck to move backward to clamp the workpiece to ensure that the workpiece does not move during the machining process. After the machining is completed, the hydraulic cylinder drives the spring chuck forward to release the workpiece, and then the worker manually removes the workpiece from the spring chuck. However, this manual unloading method has the problem of low efficiency.

[0003] Conventionally, people would also think of using a robot for automatic unloading, but on the one hand, the cost of the robot is relatively high, and on the other hand, the robot must first reach into the designated position in the machine tool to clamp the workpiece before unloading, that is, it takes a short period of time from the time the workpiece is processed to the time the robot clamps the workpiece, so the processing efficiency cannot be guaranteed; of course, it is also possible to directly set up a special material shifting device in the machine tool, and the material shifting device will shift the workpiece out of the spring chuck after the workpiece is processed, but the material shifting device has relatively high requirements for the installation space inside the machine tool. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the above problems in the prior art by providing an automatic chuck and solving the problem of low production efficiency.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An automatic chuck comprises a mounting seat and a spring chuck which is arranged in the front end of the mounting seat and can move forward and backward. The mounting seat has a cylindrical positioning portion arranged in the front and rear directions in the rear end. The mounting seat is characterized in that a discharge rod passing through the positioning portion is arranged in the mounting seat, a discharge spring is arranged in the positioning portion, and the front end of the discharge rod extends out of the front end of the positioning portion under the elastic force of the discharge spring, a plurality of notches are arranged in the circumferential direction at the front end of the positioning portion, and a plurality of embedded blocks are protruding in the circumferential direction at the front end of the discharge rod. When the discharge rod moves backward under the action of the discharge spring, the embedded blocks can be embedded in the notches.

[0007] In the initial state, the unloading spring acts on the unloading rod so that the front end of the unloading rod extends out of the front end of the positioning part. When clamping, the workpiece is inserted into the spring chuck until it abuts against the front end of the positioning part. In this state, the unloading spring is in a compressed state, and then the spring chuck is controlled to move backward to clamp the workpiece. After the workpiece is processed, the spring chuck is controlled to move forward to release the workpiece. In this way, the force that keeps the unloading spring compressed is lost, and the unloading rod will move forward under the action of the unloading spring and automatically push the processed workpiece out of the spring chuck. Through the setting of the unloading rod and the unloading spring, the automatic chuck can realize automatic unloading of the workpiece after processing, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

[0008] Moreover, by arranging a number of inserts axially protruding at the front end of the unloading rod, the contact area between the unloading rod and the workpiece can be increased, so that the unloading rod can automatically push out the processed workpiece more stably, which is especially suitable for some workpieces with holes at the rear end (because the rear end hole results in very little solid part at the rear end of the workpiece).

[0009] In the above-mentioned automatic chuck, a strip-shaped limiting groove is axially provided on the rear end side of the discharge rod, a limiting block is fixedly connected to the rear end of the mounting seat, and a portion of the limiting block is located in the limiting groove.

[0010] The limit block is partially located in the limit groove, so that the limit block can be used to limit the discharge rod, preventing the discharge rod from directly falling out of the spring clamp under the action of the discharge spring. In addition, the limit block located in the limit groove can also prevent the discharge rod from rotating relative to the positioning part, thereby ensuring that each insert can be accurately embedded in each notch each time the material is clamped.

[0011] In the above-mentioned automatic chuck, the rear end of the mounting seat has a circular hole, the rear end of the discharge rod extends out of the circular hole, the mounting seat has a notch groove laterally connected to the circular hole, and the limit block is fixedly connected in the notch groove by a fastener.

[0012] By arranging a notch groove connected to the circular hole on the mounting seat, and fixing the limit block in the notch groove by fasteners, a part of the limit block can be located in the limit groove on the side of the discharge rod passing through the circular hole to form a limit for the discharge rod and prevent the rotation of the mounting seat.

[0013] In the above-mentioned automatic chuck, the unloading rod includes a rod body and a circular piece fixed to the front end of the rod body, each insert is circumferentially distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the circular piece, and the two ends of the unloading spring respectively abut against the rear side surface of the circular piece and the inner wall of the positioning part.

[0014] Through the above arrangement, the elastic force of the unloading spring can stably act forward on the unloading rod.

[0015] In the above-mentioned automatic chuck, a pull rod is slidably arranged in the mounting seat along the front-rear direction, the front end of the pull rod has a connecting portion threadedly connected to the rear end of the spring chuck, and the positioning portion is located inside the connecting portion.

[0016] In practice, the rear end of the pull rod is connected to a hydraulic cylinder disposed in the main spindle of the machine tool, so that when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves backward, the spring chuck can be pulled backward through the pull rod to clamp the workpiece. The positioning portion is located on the inner side of the connecting portion, which ensures that the setting of the unloading rod will not interfere with the pull rod.

[0017] In the above-mentioned automatic chuck, the mounting seat includes an outer seat body in the shape of a cylinder with openings at both ends and an inner seat body fixedly connected to the rear end of the outer seat body, the inner seat body has a circular plate that closes the rear end of the outer seat body, the circular hole is located on the circular plate and the positioning portion is integrally fixed to the front side of the circular plate, the circular plate is also provided with a plurality of through grooves distributed around the circular hole, and the connecting portion includes a plurality of arc-shaped sheets that are concentrically arranged and pass through each of the through grooves respectively.

[0018] The connecting part is configured to include a plurality of arcuate sheets, and a through slot is provided on the circular plate so that the connecting part can pass through the circular plate. The arcuate sheets are arranged concentrically, so that the connecting part of this shape can also be threadedly connected with the rear end of the spring chuck.

[0019] In the above-mentioned automatic chuck, the rear end of the pull rod has a clearance hole, and the rear end of the rod body is located in the clearance hole.

[0020] By setting the clearance hole, the rear end of the unloading rod can be given space, ensuring that the setting of the unloading rod will not interfere with the pull rod.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the automatic chuck of the present invention is provided with a discharge rod and a discharge spring in the positioning part, so that after the workpiece is processed and released, the discharge rod can automatically push the workpiece out of the spring chuck under the action of the discharge spring, thereby realizing automatic discharge and improving the processing efficiency. In addition, by providing a plurality of inserts protruding along the axial direction at the front end of the discharge rod, the contact area between the discharge rod and the workpiece can be increased, so that the discharge rod can automatically push out the processed workpiece more stably, which is more suitable for some workpieces with holes at the rear end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the automatic chuck after clamping the workpiece.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the unloading rod and the front end of the positioning part in the automatic chuck.

[0024] Figure 3 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the unloading rod, the inner seat body and the pull rod in the automatic chuck.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the unloading rod and the rear end of the inner seat body in the automatic chuck.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the rear end of the inner seat body.

[0027] In the figure, 1, mounting seat; 1a, outer seat body; 1a1, mounting part; 1b, inner seat body; 1b1, positioning part; 1b11, notch; 1b2, round plate; 1b21, round hole; 1b22, notch groove; 1b23, through groove; 2, spring chuck; 3, pull rod; 3a, connecting part; 3a1, arc-shaped piece; 3b, clearance hole; 4, unloading rod; 4a, insert block; 4b, limit groove; 4c, rod body; 4d, round piece; 5, unloading spring; 6, limit block; 7, workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the automatic chuck comprises a mounting seat 1 and a spring chuck 2 which is arranged in the front end of the mounting seat 1 and can move forward and backward. The outer side of the front end of the spring chuck 2 is matched with the mounting seat 1 through a conical surface. The rear end of the mounting seat 1 has a cylindrical positioning part 1b1 arranged along the front-to-back direction. The positioning part 1b1 is arranged concentrically with the spring chuck 2. Among them, a pull rod 3 is slidably arranged in the mounting seat 1 along the front-to-back direction. The front end of the pull rod 3 has a connecting part 3a which is threadedly connected to the rear end of the spring chuck 2. The positioning part 1b1 is located on the inner side of the connecting part 3a. A discharge rod 4 is arranged in the mounting seat 1 and passes through the positioning part 1b1. A discharge spring 5 is arranged in the positioning part 1b1. The front end of the discharge rod 4 extends out of the front end of the positioning part 1b1 under the action of the discharge spring 5. The front end of the positioning portion 1b1 is provided with a plurality of notches 1b11 along the circumferential direction, and the front end of the discharge rod 4 is provided with a plurality of inserts 4a protruding along the circumferential direction. When the discharge rod 4 moves backward against the action of the discharge spring 5, each insert 4a can be embedded in each notch 1b11. The rear end side of the discharge rod 4 is provided with a strip-shaped limiting groove 4b along the axial direction, and the rear end of the mounting seat 1 is fixedly connected with a limiting block 6, and the limiting block 6 is partially located in the limiting groove 4b. Specifically, the rear end of the mounting seat 1 has a circular hole 1b21, and the rear end of the discharge rod 4 extends out of the circular hole 1b21. The mounting seat 1 has a notch groove 1b22 that is laterally connected to the circular hole 1b21, and the limiting block 6 is fixedly connected in the notch groove 1b22 by a fastener. In this embodiment, the unloading rod 4 includes a rod body 4c and a circular piece 4d fixedly connected to the front end of the rod body 4c, and each insert 4a is circumferentially distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the circular piece 4d. The unloading spring 5 is sleeved on the outside of the rod body 4c and its two ends respectively abut against the inner wall of the positioning portion 1b1 and the rear side of the circular piece 4d.

[0030] Furthermore, if Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the mounting seat 1 includes an outer seat body 1a in the shape of a cylinder with openings at both ends and an inner seat body 1b fixedly connected to the rear end of the outer seat body 1a. The outer side of the rear end of the outer seat body 1a has a ring-shaped mounting portion 1a1, and the inner seat body 1b has a circular plate 1b2 that closes the rear end of the outer seat body 1a. The circular hole 1b21 and the notch groove 1b22 are both provided on the circular plate 1b2, and the positioning portion 1b1 is integrally fixed to the front end surface of the circular plate 1b2. The circular plate 1b2 is also provided with a plurality of through grooves 1b23 distributed around the circular hole 1b21, and the connecting portion 3a includes a plurality of arc-shaped pieces 3a1 that are concentrically arranged and pass through each of the through grooves 1b23. The connecting portion 3a is composed of the concentrically arranged arc-shaped pieces 3a1, and such a shape can ensure that the connecting portion 3a can pass through the circular plate 1b2 while forming a threaded connection with the rear end of the spring chuck 2. The rear end of the pull rod 3 is provided with a clearance hole 3b, and the rear end of the rod body 4c of the discharge rod 4 is located in the clearance hole 3b.

[0031] When in use, the mounting seat 1 is fixedly connected to the front end of the machine tool spindle through the mounting portion 1a1 and the fasteners, and the rear end of the pull rod 3 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder located in the spindle. In the initial state, that is, when the workpiece 7 is not clamped, the front end of the unloading rod 4 extends out of the front end of the positioning portion 1b1. Of course, the cooperation of the limit block 6 and the limit groove 4b can prevent the unloading rod 4 from falling out of the spring chuck 2. When clamping, the workpiece 7 is inserted into the spring chuck 2 until it abuts against the front end of the positioning portion 1b1. The unloading spring 5 is in a state of being compressed by the workpiece 7, and then the hydraulic cylinder in the spindle is controlled to move backward to drive the pull rod 3, and the pull rod 3 pulls the spring chuck 2 backward to clamp the workpiece 7. After the workpiece 7 is clamped, the unloading spring 5 is in a state of being compressed all the time, and this state is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the main shaft of the machine tool rotates and the clamped workpiece 7 is processed in coordination with the feed of the tool.

[0032] After the processing is completed, the pull rod 3 drives the spring chuck 2 to move forward together under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder to release the workpiece 7, so that the force that compresses the discharge spring 5 is lost, and the discharge rod 4 will move forward under the action of the discharge spring 5, thereby automatically pushing the processed workpiece 7 out of the spring chuck 2. Through the arrangement of the discharge rod 4 and the discharge spring 5, the automatic chuck can realize the automatic discharge of the workpiece 7 after the processing is completed, thereby improving the processing efficiency. Moreover, by arranging a plurality of inserts 4a protruding along the axial direction at the front end of the discharge rod 4, the contact area between the discharge rod 4 and the workpiece 7 can be increased, so that the discharge rod 4 can automatically push out the processed workpiece 7 more stably, which is more suitable for some workpieces 7 with holes at the rear end (because the rear end hole causes the rear end of the workpiece 7 to have very little solid part).

[0033] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic chuck, comprising a mounting seat (1) and a spring chuck (2) arranged in the front end of the mounting seat (1) and capable of moving forward and backward, wherein the mounting seat (1) has a cylindrical positioning portion (1b1) arranged in the rear end along the front-back direction, characterized in that: The mounting seat (1) is provided with a discharge rod (4) passing through the positioning portion (1b1), the positioning portion (1b1) is provided with a discharge spring (5), and the front end of the discharge rod (4) extends out of the front end of the positioning portion (1b1) under the elastic force of the discharge spring (5), the front end of the positioning portion (1b1) is provided with a plurality of notches (1b11) along the circumferential direction, and the front end of the discharge rod (4) is provided with a plurality of embedded blocks (4a) protruding along the circumferential direction, and when the discharge rod (4) moves backward under the action of the discharge spring (5), each embedded block (4a) can be embedded in each notch (1b11).

2. The automatic chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip-shaped limiting groove (4b) is axially arranged on the rear end side of the discharge rod (4); a limiting block (6) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the mounting seat (1); and a portion of the limiting block (6) is located in the limiting groove (4b).

3. The automatic chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting seat (1) has a circular hole (1b21) at the rear end, the discharge rod (4) has a rear end extending out of the circular hole (1b21), the mounting seat (1) has a notch groove (1b22) laterally connected to the circular hole (1b21), and the limit block (6) is fixedly connected in the notch groove (1b22) by a fastener.

4. The automatic chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unloading rod (4) comprises a rod body (4c) and a circular piece (4d) fixedly connected to the front end of the rod body (4c), each insert (4a) is circumferentially distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the circular piece (4d), and the two ends of the unloading spring (5) respectively abut against the rear side surface of the circular piece (4d) and the inner wall of the positioning portion (1b1).

5. The automatic chuck according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pull rod (3) is slidably arranged in the mounting seat (1) along the front-to-back direction. The front end of the pull rod (3) has a connecting portion (3a) threadedly connected to the rear end of the spring clamp (2). The positioning portion (1b1) is located on the inner side of the connecting portion (3a).

6. The automatic chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting seat (1) comprises an outer seat body (1a) in the shape of a cylinder with openings at both ends and an inner seat body (1b) fixedly connected to the rear end of the outer seat body (1a); the inner seat body (1b) comprises a circular plate (1b2) closing the rear end of the outer seat body (1a); a circular hole (1b21) is located on the circular plate (1b2) and the positioning portion (1b1) is integrally fixed to the front side of the circular plate (1b2); the circular plate (1b2) is also provided with a plurality of through grooves (1b23) distributed around the circular hole (1b21); and the connecting portion (3a) comprises a plurality of arc-shaped sheets (3a1) which are concentrically arranged and respectively pass through each through groove (1b23).

7. The automatic chuck according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The rear end of the pull rod (3) is provided with a clearance hole (3b), and the rear end of the rod body (4c) is located in the clearance hole (3b).

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