Extremely-high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel supporting, discloses an ultra-high ground stress ultra-long mountain tunnel supporting structure, and aims to solve the problems of low supporting efficiency and incapability of supporting expanded areas on two sides of the top of a tunnel in the conventional block type supporting. The device comprises two parallel frame columns, a supporting plate is installed on the tops of the frame columns, and a horizontal telescopic screen frame is installed on the supporting plate. A plurality of hydraulic cylinders are installed on the horizontal telescopic screen frame, and the top of each hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected with a supporting mechanism used for supporting tunnel surrounding rock; an adjusting hydraulic cylinder used for driving the horizontal telescopic screen frame to stretch out and draw back is arranged on the supporting plate. According to the utility model, the top of the tunnel can be rapidly supported by adopting the block type support, so that the rapid support of the mountain tunnel with extremely high crustal stress is met, and the problem of collapse of the mountain tunnel with extremely high crustal stress due to untimely support is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and specifically relates to a support structure for an extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the expansion of transportation networks and the growth of demand for mineral resource mining, the importance of tunnel engineering design and construction technology has become increasingly prominent as an important infrastructure connecting underground space with the ground and crossing complex geological structures. During the tunnel construction process, one of the key links to ensure structural stability and the safety of operators is to implement effective and reasonable support measures.

[0003] In particular, the middle section of an ultra-long mountain tunnel under extremely high ground stress is very prone to deformation or even damage, thus threatening the safety of on-site construction and subsequent operations.

[0004] At present, there are many technical documents for tunnel support. For example, application number 202321553031.0 discloses a tunnel support device, including a support frame, a height adjustment member, a longitudinal support assembly, a width adjustment assembly, a horizontal support assembly and a mobile assembly. When the utility model is in use, the support frame can be moved into the tunnel by the mobile assembly, and the support and protection of the top wall and side wall of the tunnel can be achieved by adjusting the width adjustment assembly and the height adjustment member. Although the device can adjust the width, it only adjusts the width direction of the tunnel, but the tunnel width will not be increased or changed at will. For mountain tunnels with extremely high ground stress, due to the characteristics of the lithological structure, the top area of ​​the tunnel is more prone to local detachment during the excavation process, so it is necessary to expand and reinforce the top of the tunnel. The support plate in the device is an integral structure (that is, a support plate supports and extends from the left side of the tunnel top to the right side). When the extremely high ground stress tunnel is partially detached, the support plate of the integral structure cannot support the detached area in a targeted manner. In summary, the device is not suitable for the support of mountain tunnels with extremely high ground stress.

[0005] For another example, application number 202122006277.3 discloses a soft rock tunnel support device, which includes a support plate, the support plate includes a first curved plate and a second curved plate, and also includes an adjustment device with two ends respectively hinged to the lower part of the first curved plate and the second curved plate, and a support device with two ends respectively hinged to the adjustment device and the support plate. However, the device only supports the soft rock on both side walls of the tunnel. The device is also not suitable for supporting mountain tunnels with extremely high ground stress.

[0006] For another example, application number 2021111294831 discloses a tunnel support structure and a method of using the same, including a fixed platform, a positioning plate is provided above the fixed platform, the fixed platform is provided with a number of rollers, the fixed platform is connected to two columns, both columns are fixedly connected to the positioning plate, the fixed platform is provided with an adjustment component for driving the two columns to move up and down, the positioning plate is provided with a number of support components, the support components include a first support plate, a second support plate and a cross plate, and the cross plate is fixedly connected with a first elastic layer. Although the device uses a number of cross plates to support the top of the tunnel in blocks, the height position of the cross plate is positioned by a first positioning bolt, but the cross plate and the first positioning bolt are provided below the positioning plate arranged along the width direction of the tunnel, which will affect the construction personnel to adjust and position the first positioning bolt, resulting in a problem of taking a long time to lock the height position of each cross plate, and thus the support of the top of the tunnel cannot be quickly achieved. For mountain tunnels with extremely high ground stress, untimely support is very likely to induce collapse. At the same time, the device can only support the top area of ​​the fixed platform, and cannot support the area extended on both sides of the top of the tunnel. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the problems of low support efficiency and inability to support the areas extended on both sides of the tunnel top in the existing block-type support, the utility model provides a support structure for an extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel, which adopts block-type support and can quickly support the tunnel top, thereby meeting the rapid support of mountain tunnels with extremely high ground stress and preventing the mountain tunnels with extremely high ground stress from collapsing due to untimely support.

[0008] In order to solve the technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0009] A supporting structure for an extremely high ground stress and an ultra-long mountain tunnel, characterized in that it comprises two frame columns arranged parallel to each other, support plates are installed on the tops of the two frame columns, a horizontal telescopic net frame is installed on the support plate, and the horizontal telescopic net frame can be telescoped along the width direction of the tunnel; a plurality of hydraulic cylinders are installed on the horizontal telescopic net frame, and the hydraulic cylinders are installed on the hinge points of the horizontal telescopic net frame, and the top of each hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to a support mechanism for supporting the surrounding rock of the tunnel; an adjusting hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the support plate for driving the horizontal telescopic net frame to telescope, so that when the adjusting hydraulic cylinder drives the horizontal telescopic net frame to extend, at least a part of the hydraulic cylinders or the support mechanism located on the two outer sides in the width direction of the support plate can extend beyond the outer edge in the width direction of the support plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the horizontally telescopic net frame is composed of a plurality of parallel first mounting frames and a plurality of mutually parallel second mounting frames. The first mounting frames and the second mounting frames are arranged at an angle to each other. Each first mounting frame is hingedly connected to a plurality of second mounting frames, and each second mounting frame is hingedly connected to a plurality of first mounting frames. The hydraulic cylinder is installed at the hinge point between the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame.

[0011] In some embodiments, the support mechanism includes an arc-shaped bottom plate, the center of which faces the support plate, the arc-shaped bottom plate is connected with side plates around it, the arc-shaped bottom plate and the side plates around it form a cavity, and a grouting port is opened on the arc-shaped bottom plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, in order to further prevent the problem of sprayed concrete leakage, a wear-resistant elastic sealing strip is arranged on the top of the side plate, and the wear-resistant elastic sealing strip is used to further improve the fit with the tunnel top surface.

[0013] In some embodiments, the lower end of the arc-shaped bottom plate is hinged to the top of the hydraulic cylinder, elastic ropes are respectively provided on both sides of the arc-shaped bottom plate, the outer sleeve of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a mounting ring, one end of the elastic rope is fixed to the arc-shaped bottom plate, and the other end of the elastic rope is fixed to the mounting ring.

[0014] In some embodiments, a strain sensor, a stress sensor and a sound alarm are installed on the side of the arc-shaped bottom plate facing the tunnel top, and the strain sensor and the stress sensor are electrically connected to the sound alarm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the frame column is equipped with a primary platform and a secondary platform, the primary platform is located below the secondary platform, and the secondary platform is flush with the support plate or lower than the height of the support plate; the primary platform is equipped with a ladder for climbing, and the secondary platform is equipped with a winch for lifting materials.

[0016] In some embodiments, a bottom plate is disposed on the top of the frame column, and a plurality of rollers capable of sliding on a track and being locked on the tunnel are installed below the bottom plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The extremely high ground stress and ultra-long mountain tunnel support structure of the utility model utilizes the support mechanism on each hydraulic cylinder to provide block support, so as to provide support according to the surrounding rock conditions at the top of the tunnel, and to make the support force of each area of ​​the surrounding rock at the top of the tunnel the same as much as possible, thereby improving the uniformity of the tunnel surrounding rock support force. The problem of uneven support force caused by excessive local support force and insufficient local support force in the existing technology using overall support is solved. At the same time, the utility model can also provide different support forces according to the specific conditions of the surrounding rock at the top of the tunnel, so that the utility model has the advantage of flexible support. It is particularly suitable for supporting mountain tunnels with extremely high ground stress.

[0019] The utility model utilizes the telescopic function of the horizontal telescopic net frame to drive each hydraulic cylinder to adjust the width direction. On the one hand, at least a part of the outermost support mechanism can extend out of the support plate, so as to complete the support of both sides of the tunnel top (i.e., the area where the tunnel top exceeds the tunnel width), and reinforce the area where the tunnel top exceeds the tunnel width, solving the technical problem that the surrounding rock on both sides of the tunnel top that exceeds the tunnel width is difficult to support and reinforce after falling off. On the other hand, by adjusting the telescopic adjustment of the horizontal telescopic net frame, the position of each hydraulic cylinder on the support plate can be appropriately adjusted, so as to selectively support according to the specific situation of the surrounding rock at the top of the tunnel; for example, the support mechanism can support more to the surrounding rock damage area at the top of the tunnel, so as to further improve the stability of the support. Because the damage conditions of the surrounding rock at the top of the tunnel in different sections are different, and the position of the support mechanism in the prior art is fixed, it cannot be adjusted according to the damage conditions of the surrounding rock. If the position of the support mechanism is staggered with the surrounding rock damage area, then the mentioned support effect is limited, because the surrounding rock damage area is more likely to fall off and collapse.

[0020] At the same time, each support mechanism of the utility model is driven by an independent hydraulic cylinder to move up and down, so that each support mechanism can move independently, so as to fit the uneven tunnel top, so that the support strength of each area of ​​the tunnel top can be consistent. At the same time, the support mechanism is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to move, which can achieve highly easy control and rapid lifting of several support mechanisms to complete the support of the tunnel top. Compared with the bolt locking method used in the prior art, the efficiency of the tunnel top support can be greatly improved, thereby reducing the risk of local collapse caused by untimely support of the tunnel top. At the same time, when a section of the tunnel support is completed, the hydraulic cylinder directly drives the respective support mechanisms to descend and move to the next section of the tunnel for support. Compared with the prior art, it has the advantage of fast removal of the support device, which is conducive to the rapid support of the next section of the tunnel, and finally achieves the purpose of reducing the risk of local detachment and collapse of the tunnel and improving the efficiency of the entire tunnel construction.

[0021] The utility model utilizes strain sensors and stress sensors to monitor the surrounding rock on the top of the tunnel in real time, so as to take necessary measures (such as strengthening support, etc.) according to the situation, so as to take corresponding measures according to the specific conditions of different areas on the top of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model, in which the horizontal telescopic screen frame is in a retracted state;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a main view of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial enlarged view of the center A;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the utility model, in which the horizontal telescopic net frame is in an extended state, and the outermost hydraulic cylinder extends the support plate, so that the support mechanism on the outermost hydraulic cylinder is used to support the areas on both sides of the tunnel top that exceed the tunnel width;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Markings in the figure: 1. track, 2. roller, 3. frame column, 4. winch, 5. support plate, 6. hydraulic cylinder, 7. support mechanism, 71. curved bottom plate, 72. side plate, 73. elastic rope, 74. mounting ring, 8. sound alarm, 9. stress sensor, 10. strain sensor, 11. horizontal telescopic net frame, 111. first mounting frame, 112. second mounting frame, 113. hinge point, 114. mounting pallet, 12. adjusting hydraulic cylinder, 13. secondary platform, 14. primary platform, 15. ladder, 16. barrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, which are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Combined with Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 5 The ultra-high ground stress ultra-long mountain tunnel support structure of the utility model includes two frame columns 3 arranged parallel to each other, wherein the frame columns 3 adopt a steel structure. In the specific implementation process, the frame columns 3 are high-strength structures welded by angle steels, which can provide sufficient structural strength. A support plate 5 is installed on the top of the two frame columns 3, and a horizontal telescopic net frame 11 is installed on the support plate 5. The horizontal telescopic net frame 11 can be telescoped along the width direction of the tunnel (that is, the horizontal telescopic net frame 11 can extend and retract along the width direction of the support plate 5); a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 6 are installed on the horizontal telescopic net frame 11, and the hydraulic cylinders 6 are installed on the hinge point 113 of the horizontal telescopic net frame 11, and the top of each hydraulic cylinder 6 is rotatably connected to a support mechanism 7 for supporting the surrounding rock of the tunnel; an adjusting hydraulic cylinder 12 is provided on the support plate 5 for driving the horizontal telescopic net frame 11 to extend and retract, so that when the adjusting hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the horizontal telescopic net frame 11 to extend, at least a part of the hydraulic cylinders 6 or the support mechanism 7 located on the two outer sides of the width direction of the support plate 5 can extend out of the outer edge of the width direction of the support plate 5. That is to say, when the adjustment hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the horizontal telescopic screen frame 11 to extend in the width direction of the support plate 5, the outermost hydraulic cylinder 5 or the outermost support mechanism 7 of each hydraulic cylinder 6 can at least partially extend out of the support plate 5. Among them, the outermost hydraulic cylinder 5 can extend out of the support plate 5 in whole or in part, or the outermost support mechanism 7 can extend out of the support plate 5 in whole or in part.

[0031] In the specific implementation process, the width of the support mechanism 7 is greater than the width of the hydraulic cylinder 6. If the outermost hydraulic cylinder 6 is always located on the support plate 5, since the width of the support mechanism 7 is greater than the width of the hydraulic cylinder 6, a part of the support mechanism 7 can also extend out of the support plate 5, so as to support the areas on both sides of the tunnel top.

[0032] In the specific construction process, the width of the support plate 5 basically matches the width of the mountain tunnel design. However, in the excavation process of mountain tunnels with extremely high ground stress, due to the characteristics of the surrounding rock structure, local shedding is prone to occur, and local shedding of surrounding rock will also occur on both sides of the tunnel top. Therefore, the utility model uses the telescopic function of the horizontal telescopic frame 11 to drive each hydraulic cylinder 5 to adjust the width direction, so that at least a part of the outermost support mechanism 7 can extend out of the support plate 5, thereby completing the support of both sides of the tunnel top (that is, the area where the tunnel top exceeds the tunnel width), and reinforcing the area where the tunnel top exceeds the tunnel width, solving the technical problem that the surrounding rock on both sides of the tunnel top that exceeds the tunnel width is difficult to support and reinforce after falling off.

[0033] At the same time, each support mechanism 7 of the utility model is driven by an independent hydraulic cylinder 6 to move up and down, so that each support mechanism 7 can move independently, so as to fit the uneven tunnel top, so that the support strength of each area of ​​the tunnel top can be consistent. At the same time, the support mechanism 7 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 6 to move, which can achieve highly easy control and rapid lifting of several support mechanisms 7 to complete the support of the tunnel top. Compared with the bolt locking method used in the prior art, the efficiency of the tunnel top support can be greatly improved, thereby reducing the risk of local collapse caused by untimely support of the tunnel top. At the same time, when a section of the tunnel support is completed, the hydraulic cylinder directly drives the respective support mechanisms to descend and move to the next section of the tunnel for support. Compared with the prior art, it has the advantage of fast removal of the support device, which is conducive to the rapid support of the next section of the tunnel, and finally achieves the purpose of reducing the risk of local detachment and collapse of the tunnel and improving the efficiency of the entire tunnel construction.

[0034] In order to facilitate the telescopic movement of the horizontal telescopic net frame 11, a plurality of adjusting hydraulic cylinders 12 are arranged on the support plate 5. In the specific implementation process, the two ends of the adjusting hydraulic cylinder 12 are respectively fixed on two hydraulic cylinders 6, and there is one or two hydraulic cylinders between the two hydraulic cylinders, so that the adjusting hydraulic cylinder 12 can drive three or four adjacent hydraulic cylinders 6 to move. That is to say, when there is one hydraulic cylinder between the two hydraulic cylinders, the adjusting hydraulic cylinder 12 can drive the three adjacent hydraulic cylinders to move; when there are two hydraulic cylinders between the two hydraulic cylinders, the adjusting hydraulic cylinder 12 can drive four hydraulic cylinders to move.

[0035] In some embodiments, the horizontally telescopic net frame 11 is composed of a plurality of parallel first mounting frames 111 and a plurality of mutually parallel second mounting frames 112. The first mounting frames 111 and the second mounting frames 112 are arranged to be inclined relative to each other. Each first mounting frame 111 is hingedly connected to a plurality of second mounting frames 112, and each second mounting frame 112 is hingedly connected to a plurality of first mounting frames 111. The hydraulic cylinder 6 is installed at the hinge point 113 between the first mounting frame 111 and the second mounting frame 112.

[0036] During the specific implementation process, the first installation frame 111 is arranged on the lower layer (that is, the first installation frame 111 is directly laid on the support plate 5), and the second installation frame 112 is arranged on the upper layer (that is, the second installation frame 112 is laid above the first installation frame 111), and the first installation frame 111 and the second installation frame 112 are hinged by means of a pin shaft or the like.

[0037] In order to facilitate the installation of the hydraulic cylinder 5, a mounting bracket 114 is arranged on the second mounting frame 112 located on the upper layer at a position corresponding to the hydraulic cylinder 6 to facilitate the installation of the hydraulic cylinder 6, that is, the mounting bracket 114 plays a role in supporting and stabilizing the hydraulic cylinder 6. In the specific implementation process, the hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to the mounting bracket 114 by welding, bolt connection, etc. The utility model does not make specific restrictions on the specific method used to stabilize the hydraulic cylinder on the mounting bracket, and those skilled in the art can understand and comprehend it, and will not be repeated here.

[0038] In some embodiments, the support mechanism 7 includes an arc-shaped bottom plate 71, the center of which faces the support plate 5, that is, the center of which faces downward, and the arc-shaped bottom plate 71 is connected with side plates 72 on all sides, and the arc-shaped bottom plate 71 and the side plates 72 on all sides enclose a cavity, and a grouting port is provided on the arc-shaped bottom plate 71. The utility model forms a cavity through the arc-shaped bottom plate and the side plates, so that the damaged area of ​​the surrounding rock at the top of the tunnel can be reinforced by spray grouting using the grouting port, so that the damaged area of ​​the surrounding rock of the tunnel can be reinforced during support. Compared with the prior art, a targeted support method is added to further improve the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock support. At the same time, when the damaged area of ​​the surrounding rock at the top of the tunnel is reinforced by spray grouting, due to the design of the cavity, the sprayed concrete can be contained in the cavity, avoiding the problem of leakage of the injected concrete.

[0039] In some embodiments, in order to further prevent the problem of sprayed concrete leakage, a wear-resistant elastic sealing strip is arranged on the top of the side plate 72, and the wear-resistant elastic sealing strip is used to further improve the fit with the tunnel top surface.

[0040] In some embodiments, the lower end of the arc bottom plate 71 is hinged to the top of the hydraulic cylinder 6, elastic ropes 73 are respectively provided on both sides of the arc bottom plate 71, and a mounting ring 74 is sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6, one end of the elastic rope 73 is fixed on the arc bottom plate 71, and the other end of the elastic rope 73 is fixed on the mounting ring 74. Thus, the arc bottom plate 71 can be properly rotated on the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the position of the arc bottom plate so as to fit with the top of the tunnel, and the elastic ropes on both sides can be automatically reset.

[0041] In some embodiments, a strain sensor 10, a stress sensor 9 and a sound alarm 8 are installed on the side of the arc bottom plate 71 facing the top of the tunnel, and the strain sensor 10 and the stress sensor 9 are electrically connected to the sound alarm 8. The strain sensor 10 and the stress sensor 9 are used to monitor the surrounding rock at the top of the tunnel in real time, and when the set value is exceeded, the sound alarm sounds an alarm to remind the staff, and the staff takes corresponding measures according to the alarm information. The utility model uses strain sensors and stress sensors to monitor the surrounding rock at the top of the tunnel in real time, so as to take necessary measures (such as strengthening support, etc.) according to the situation, so as to take corresponding measures according to the specific conditions of different areas at the top of the tunnel, such as further reinforcement of the area where the alarm is issued, etc., to improve the stability of the entire tunnel support.

[0042] In some embodiments, the frame column 3 is provided with a primary platform 14 and a secondary platform 13, the primary platform 14 is located below the secondary platform 13, and the secondary platform 13 is flush with the support plate 5 or lower than the height of the support plate 5; the primary platform 14 is provided with a ladder 15 for climbing, and a winch 4 for lifting materials is installed on the secondary platform 13. The primary platform 14, the ladder 15 and the secondary platform 13 are provided to facilitate climbing and construction operations of the workers, and the winch 4 is used to facilitate lifting of construction materials, thereby improving the practicality of the utility model.

[0043] In the specific implementation process, the first-level platform 14 and the second-level platform 13 can also be arranged with a ladder 15 for easy climbing. Among them, the hoist is connected with a barrel 16 or a material frame through a wire rope to facilitate lifting different construction materials to the second-level platform 13.

[0044] Preferably, the secondary platform 13 and the support plate 5 are flush with each other, so as to facilitate the lifting of construction materials onto the support plate 5 and facilitate the construction workers to carry out construction operations.

[0045] In some embodiments, a bottom plate is provided on the top of the frame column, and a plurality of rollers that can slide on the track and lock on the tunnel are installed below the bottom plate. The track is laid on the tunnel floor, so that the rollers are used to facilitate the entire support structure to slide on the track so as to support the tunnel top at different positions.

Claims

1. A very high ground stress ultra-long mountain tunnel support structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises two frame columns (3) arranged parallel to each other, support plates (5) being installed on the tops of the two frame columns (3), a horizontal telescopic net frame (11) being installed on the support plate (5), and the horizontal telescopic net frame (11) being capable of telescoping along the width direction of the tunnel; a plurality of hydraulic cylinders (6) being installed on the horizontal telescopic net frame (11), the hydraulic cylinders (6) being installed on the hinge points (113) of the horizontal telescopic net frame (11), and the top of each hydraulic cylinder (6) being rotatably connected to a support mechanism (7) for supporting the surrounding rock of the tunnel; and an adjusting hydraulic cylinder (12) being arranged on the support plate (5) for driving the horizontal telescopic net frame (11) to telescope, so that when the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (12) drives the horizontal telescopic net frame (11) to extend, at least a part of the hydraulic cylinders (6) or the support mechanism (7) located on both outer sides of the width direction of the support plate (5) can extend beyond the outer edge of the width direction of the support plate (5).

2. The extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal telescopic net frame (11) is composed of a plurality of parallel first installation frames (111) and a plurality of mutually parallel second installation frames (112); the first installation frames (111) and the second installation frames (112) are arranged to be inclined with respect to each other; each first installation frame (111) is hingedly connected to a plurality of second installation frames (112); each second installation frame (112) is hingedly connected to a plurality of first installation frames (111); and the hydraulic cylinder (6) is installed on a hinge point (113) between the first installation frame (111) and the second installation frame (112).

3. The extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel support structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The support mechanism (7) comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate (71), the center of which faces the support plate (5), the arc-shaped bottom plate (71) is connected to side plates (72) on all sides, the arc-shaped bottom plate (71) and the side plates (72) on all sides form a cavity, and a grouting port is provided on the arc-shaped bottom plate (71).

4. The extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel support structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A wear-resistant elastic sealing strip is arranged on the top of the side plate (72).

5. The extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel support structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The lower end of the arc-shaped bottom plate (71) is hinged to the top of the hydraulic cylinder (6), elastic ropes (73) are respectively arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped bottom plate (71), the outer periphery of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is provided with a mounting ring (74), one end of the elastic rope (73) is fixed to the arc-shaped bottom plate (71), and the other end of the elastic rope (73) is fixed to the mounting ring (74).

6. The extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel support structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A strain sensor (10), a stress sensor (9) and a sound alarm (8) are installed on the side of the arc-shaped bottom plate (71) facing the tunnel top, and the strain sensor (10) and the stress sensor (9) are electrically connected to the sound alarm (8).

7. The extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The frame column (3) is provided with a primary platform (14) and a secondary platform (13); the primary platform (14) is located below the secondary platform (13); the secondary platform (13) is flush with the support plate (5) or lower than the height of the support plate (5); the primary platform (14) is provided with a ladder (15) for climbing, and a winch (4) for lifting materials is installed on the secondary platform (13).

8. The extremely high ground stress super-long mountain tunnel support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A bottom plate is arranged on the top of the frame column (3), and a plurality of rollers (2) capable of sliding on the track (1) and being locked on the tunnel are installed below the bottom plate.

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