Index chuck

Abstract

The utility model discloses an indexing chuck which comprises a chuck body, an indexing shaft is rotatably arranged in the chuck body, an indexing clamping block is arranged in the center of one end of the indexing shaft, and a first ejector rod and a second ejector rod are arranged on the two sides of the indexing clamping block. The chuck is characterized in that the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod can be horizontally and movably arranged in the chuck body left and right, the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod are arranged in parallel up and down, the indexing clamping block comprises two square indexing pieces which are arranged in a front-back stacked mode, the diagonal lines of the two indexing pieces form a non-zero included angle, one indexing piece is driven and locked by the first ejector rod, and the other indexing piece is driven and locked by the second ejector rod. One indexing piece is driven and locked by a first ejector rod, four side end faces of the indexing piece are four first indexing binding faces, a first indexing locking face is arranged at the inner end of the first ejector rod in a matched mode, the other indexing piece is driven and locked by a second ejector rod, four side end faces of the indexing piece are four second indexing binding faces, and a second indexing locking face is arranged at the inner end of the second ejector rod in a matched mode. The indexing device has the advantages of simple structure and accurate and stable indexing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool fixtures, in particular to a dividing chuck. Background Art

[0002] The indexing chuck is a special chuck used on CNC lathes. The program controls the fixture to drive the workpiece to rotate, so that multiple surfaces of the workpiece can be processed in one clamping. At present, the indexing chucks on the market are generally composed of a chuck body, a dividing axis and two push rods. The two push rods move in turn, fit with the corresponding dividing surfaces of the dividing block set on the dividing axis, drive the dividing axis to rotate, and achieve dividing. The two push rods usually move in two inclined holes set in the chuck body. For example, in the Chinese invention patent with application number CN201810251559.X, the push rods in the two inclined holes are in the same plane, and drive the dividing axis to divide in turn. In this structure, part of the force will be lost during the dividing process (the oblique force must be decomposed into a vertical force and a horizontal force), and the locking force of one of the push rods will be relatively poor, resulting in unstable dividing, which will affect the processing accuracy to a certain extent. In addition, the processing time and processing cost of the chuck are also high, and the requirements for processing equipment are also high. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a dividing chuck which has a simple structure, stable dividing, relatively reliable processing accuracy and is easy to process.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is:

[0005] A dividing chuck comprises a chuck body, wherein a dividing shaft is rotatably arranged in the chuck body, a dividing block is arranged at the center of one end of the dividing shaft, and a first push rod and a second push rod are arranged on both sides of the dividing block for pushing the dividing block to rotate and locking the dividing block;

[0006] The first push rod and the second push rod are respectively arranged in the chuck body so as to be movable horizontally left and right, the first push rod and the second push rod are arranged vertically and parallelly, and the indexing block is located between the first push rod and the second push rod;

[0007] The indexing block comprises two square indexing plates stacked front and back, the two indexing plates are respectively a first indexing plate and a second indexing plate, the center of the first indexing plate and the center of the second indexing plate are coaxial with the indexing axis, and the diagonal of the first indexing plate and the diagonal of the second indexing plate form a non-zero angle;

[0008] The first indexing piece is driven and locked by the first push rod, the four side end faces of the first indexing piece are four first indexing fitting surfaces and are all flat end faces, the adjacent first indexing fitting surfaces are perpendicular to each other, and the inner end of the first push rod is matched with a first indexing locking surface, which is a flat end face;

[0009] The second dividing plate is driven and locked by the second push rod. The four side end faces of the second dividing plate are four second dividing fitting surfaces and are all flat end faces. Adjacent second dividing fitting surfaces are perpendicular to each other. The inner end head of the second push rod is cooperated with a second dividing locking surface, and the second dividing locking surface is a flat end face.

[0010] The first push rod is located above the second push rod, the first indexing locking surface is arranged at the lower part of the left end of the first push rod, and the second indexing locking surface is arranged at the upper part of the right end of the second push rod.

[0011] The rear part of the left end of the first push rod is recessed forward to form a first avoidance recess for avoiding the second indexing plate, so as to ensure that the first push rod only pushes the first indexing plate during operation, effectively avoiding interference of the second indexing plate in the process.

[0012] The front part of the right end of the second push rod is recessed backwards to form a second avoidance recess for avoiding the first indexing plate, ensuring that the second push rod will only push the second indexing plate when working, effectively avoiding interference with the first indexing plate during this process.

[0013] The chuck body is provided with a first guide cavity for the first push rod to move horizontally left and right, the right end of the first push rod is connected with a first piston, the chuck body is provided with a first piston chamber for the first piston to move horizontally left and right, the first guide cavity is connected with the first piston chamber, the first push rod can be arranged in the first guide cavity for horizontal movement left and right, and the first piston can be arranged in the first piston chamber for horizontal movement left and right;

[0014] The chuck body is provided with a second guide cavity for the second push rod to move horizontally left and right, the left end of the second push rod is connected with a second piston, the chuck body is provided with a second piston chamber for the second piston to move horizontally left and right, the second guide cavity is connected with the second piston chamber, the second push rod can be arranged in the second guide cavity horizontally left and right, and the second piston can be arranged in the second piston chamber horizontally left and right. The structure is simple and the movable guide is stable.

[0015] The first piston divides the first piston chamber from left to right into an independent first left chamber and a first right chamber, and the first left chamber and the first right chamber are respectively connected to an oil inlet; the second piston divides the second piston chamber from left to right into an independent second left chamber and a second right chamber, and the second left chamber and the second right chamber are respectively connected to an oil inlet. The power source is provided to the first push rod and the second push rod through hydraulic control, so that the first push rod and the second push rod can stably move horizontally left and right, with a simple structure and low cost.

[0016] The first end cap is sealed in the right end of the first piston chamber, and the second end cap is sealed in the left end of the second piston chamber. When processing the piston chamber and the guide cavity, holes are usually directly punched on the chuck body to facilitate the installation of the first push rod and the second push rod. After the installation is completed, the corresponding chambers are sealed by the end caps to ensure that after the overall assembly is completed, the piston chamber forms a sealed space, thereby ensuring stable power output.

[0017] The left end surface of the left end of the first push rod is connected to the first indexing locking surface through a first arc transition surface, and the right end surface of the right end of the second push rod is connected to the second indexing locking surface through a second arc transition surface. The arrangement of the first arc transition surface and the second arc transition surface can effectively reduce the friction between the indexing fitting surface and the push rod, so that the indexing block can rotate quickly under the push of the push rod, effectively improving the working efficiency.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are:

[0019] (1) The structure is simple. The first push rod and the second push rod move horizontally in parallel to each other, which can effectively reduce the force loss during the working process and ensure that the indexing axis is in the best locking state at each angle, thereby achieving stable and accurate indexing, making it easier to achieve high processing accuracy, and the processing and manufacturing are also simple, with low requirements for processing equipment, which can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost;

[0020] (2) Two indexing plates are stacked one behind the other, and the diagonals of the two indexing plates are at a non-zero angle. One push rod drives one indexing plate, so that the contact surfaces of the two push rods and the indexing axis are different, which reduces wear and facilitates non-standard design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the first ejector rod in the utility model in an ejection state;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram for angle marking;

[0023] Figure 3It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the second ejector rod in the utility model in the ejection state;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first push rod and the second push rod in the utility model cooperating with the indexing shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] As shown in the figure, a dividing chuck comprises a chuck body 1, a dividing shaft 2 is rotatably arranged in the chuck body 1, a dividing block is arranged at the center position of one end of the dividing shaft 2, and a first push rod 3 and a second push rod 4 are arranged on both sides of the dividing block for driving the dividing block to rotate and lock the dividing block;

[0027] The first push rod 3 and the second push rod 4 are respectively arranged in the chuck body 1 so as to be movable horizontally left and right. The first push rod 3 and the second push rod 4 are arranged vertically and parallelly, and the indexing block is located between the first push rod 3 and the second push rod 4.

[0028] The indexing block comprises two square indexing plates stacked front and back, the two indexing plates are respectively a first indexing plate 5 and a second indexing plate 6, the center of the first indexing plate 5 and the center of the second indexing plate 6 are coaxial with the indexing axis 2, and the diagonal of the first indexing plate 5 and the diagonal of the second indexing plate 6 form a non-zero angle α;

[0029] The first indexing piece 5 is driven and locked by the first push rod 3. The four side end faces of the first indexing piece 5 are four first indexing fitting surfaces 51, which are all flat end faces. The adjacent first indexing fitting surfaces 51 are perpendicular to each other. The inner end of the first push rod 3 is matched with a first indexing locking surface 31, which is a flat end face.

[0030] The second dividing plate 6 is driven and locked by the second push rod 4. The four side end faces of the second dividing plate 6 are four second dividing fitting surfaces 61, which are all flat end faces. Adjacent second dividing fitting surfaces 61 are perpendicular to each other. The inner end head of the second push rod 4 is cooperated with a second dividing locking surface 41, which is a flat end face.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the first push rod 3 is located above the second push rod 4, the first indexing locking surface 31 is arranged at the lower part of the left end of the first push rod 3, and the second indexing locking surface 41 is arranged at the upper part of the right end of the second push rod 4.

[0032] In this specific embodiment, the rear part of the left end of the first push rod 3 is recessed forward to provide a first avoidance recess 32 for avoiding the second dividing plate 6. It is ensured that the first push rod 3 only pushes the first dividing plate 5 during operation, effectively avoiding the second dividing plate 6 from interfering in the process.

[0033] In this specific embodiment, the front part of the right end of the second push rod 4 is recessed backward to form a second avoidance recess 42 for avoiding the first dividing plate 5. It is ensured that the second push rod 4 will only push the second dividing plate 6 during operation, effectively avoiding the interference of the first dividing plate 5 in this process.

[0034] In this specific embodiment, a first guide cavity 11 is provided in the chuck body 1 for the first push rod 3 to move horizontally left and right, a first piston 33 is connected to the right end of the first push rod 3, a first piston chamber 12 is provided in the chuck body 1 for the first piston 33 to move horizontally left and right, the first guide cavity 11 is connected to the first piston chamber 12, the first push rod 3 can be horizontally movably arranged in the first guide cavity 11, and the first piston 33 can be horizontally movably arranged in the first piston chamber 12;

[0035] The chuck body 1 is provided with a second guide cavity 13 for the second ejector rod 4 to move horizontally left and right, the left end of the second ejector rod 4 is connected with a second piston 43, the chuck body 1 is provided with a second piston chamber 14 for the second piston 43 to move horizontally left and right, the second guide cavity 13 is connected with the second piston chamber 14, the second ejector rod 4 can be horizontally arranged in the second guide cavity 13, and the second piston 43 can be horizontally arranged in the second piston chamber 14. The structure is simple and the movable guide is stable.

[0036] In this specific embodiment, the first piston 33 separates the first piston chamber 12 from left to right into an independent first left chamber 121 and a first right chamber 122, and the first left chamber 121 and the first right chamber 122 are respectively connected to an oil inlet (not shown in the figure); the second piston 43 separates the second piston chamber 14 from left to right into an independent second left chamber 141 and a second right chamber 142, and the second left chamber 141 and the second right chamber 142 are respectively connected to an oil inlet (not shown in the figure). The power source is provided to the first push rod 3 and the second push rod 4 through hydraulic control, so that the first push rod 3 and the second push rod 4 can stably move horizontally left and right, with a simple structure and low cost.

[0037] In this specific embodiment, a first end cap 7 is sealed in the right end of the first piston chamber 12, and a second end cap 8 is sealed in the left end of the second piston chamber 14. When processing the piston chamber and the guide cavity, holes are usually directly punched on the chuck body 1 to facilitate the installation of the first push rod 3 and the second push rod 4. After the installation is completed, the corresponding chambers are sealed by the end caps to ensure that after the overall assembly is completed, the piston chamber forms a sealed space, thereby ensuring the stable output of power.

[0038] In this specific embodiment, the left end surface of the left end of the first push rod 3 is connected to the first indexing locking surface 31 through the first arc transition surface 36, and the right end surface of the right end of the second push rod 4 is connected to the second indexing locking surface 41 through the second arc transition surface 46. The provision of the first arc transition surface 36 and the second arc transition surface 46 can effectively reduce the friction between the indexing contact surface and the push rod, so that the indexing block can rotate quickly under the push of the push rod, effectively improving the working efficiency.

[0039] When in use, hydraulic oil is input into the oil inlet connected to the first right chamber 122. At this time, the first piston 33 moves to the left under the action of pressure, driving the first push rod 3 connected thereto to push out to the left. The first arc-shaped transition surface 36 first contacts with one of the first indexing fitting surfaces 51. Driven by the first push rod 3, the first indexing fitting surface 51 rotates until the first indexing fitting surface 51 fits with the first indexing locking surface 31, locking the first indexing plate 5, and the indexing is completed; then the oil input to the oil inlet is removed, and hydraulic oil is input into the oil inlet connected to the first left chamber 121. At this time, the first piston 33 moves to the right under the action of pressure, driving the first push rod 3 connected thereto to retreat to the right, and removing the locking effect on the first indexing plate 5; Then, hydraulic oil is input into the oil inlet connected to the second left chamber 141. At this time, the second piston 43 moves to the right under the action of pressure, driving the second push rod 4 connected thereto to push out to the right. The second arc-shaped transition surface 46 first contacts with one of the second dividing fitting surfaces 61. Driven by the second push rod 4, the second dividing fitting surface 61 rotates until the second dividing fitting surface 61 is fitted with the second dividing locking surface 41, so that the second dividing plate 6 is locked and the dividing is completed; then the oil input to the oil inlet is removed, and hydraulic oil is input to the oil inlet connected to the second right chamber 142. At this time, the second piston 43 moves to the left under the action of pressure, driving the second push rod 4 connected thereto to retreat to the left, thereby removing the locking effect on the second dividing plate 6.

Claims

1. An indexing chuck, comprising a chuck body, a rotatably arranged indexing shaft in the chuck body, a central position of one end of the indexing shaft is provided with an indexing block, and both sides of the indexing block are provided with a first push rod and a second push rod for pushing the indexing block to rotate and lock the indexing block, characterized in that: The first push rod and the second push rod are respectively arranged in the chuck body so as to be movable horizontally left and right, the first push rod and the second push rod are arranged vertically and parallelly, and the indexing block is located between the first push rod and the second push rod; The indexing block comprises two square indexing plates stacked front and back, the two indexing plates are respectively a first indexing plate and a second indexing plate, the center of the first indexing plate and the center of the second indexing plate are coaxial with the indexing axis, and the diagonal of the first indexing plate and the diagonal of the second indexing plate form a non-zero angle; The first indexing piece is driven and locked by the first push rod, the four side end faces of the first indexing piece are four first indexing fitting surfaces and are all flat end faces, the adjacent first indexing fitting surfaces are perpendicular to each other, and the inner end of the first push rod is matched with a first indexing locking surface, which is a flat end face; The second dividing plate is driven and locked by the second push rod. The four side end faces of the second dividing plate are four second dividing fitting surfaces and are all flat end faces. Adjacent second dividing fitting surfaces are perpendicular to each other. The inner end head of the second push rod is cooperated with a second dividing locking surface, and the second dividing locking surface is a flat end face.

2. A graduated chuck as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The first push rod is located above the second push rod, the first indexing locking surface is arranged at the lower part of the left end of the first push rod, and the second indexing locking surface is arranged at the upper part of the right end of the second push rod.

3. A graduated chuck as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The rear part of the left end of the first push rod is recessed forward and is provided with a first avoidance recess for avoiding the second dividing plate.

4. A graduated chuck as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The front part of the right end of the second push rod is recessed backwards and is provided with a second avoidance recess for avoiding the first dividing plate.

5. An indexing chuck as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The chuck body is provided with a first guide cavity for the first push rod to move horizontally left and right, the right end of the first push rod is connected with a first piston, the chuck body is provided with a first piston chamber for the first piston to move horizontally left and right, the first guide cavity is connected with the first piston chamber, the first push rod can be arranged in the first guide cavity for horizontal movement left and right, and the first piston can be arranged in the first piston chamber for horizontal movement left and right; A second guide cavity for the second push rod to move horizontally left and right is provided in the chuck body, a second piston is connected to the left end of the second push rod, a second piston chamber for the second piston to move horizontally left and right is provided in the chuck body, the second guide cavity is connected to the second piston chamber, the second push rod can be arranged in the second guide cavity for horizontal movement left and right, and the second piston can be arranged in the second piston chamber for horizontal movement left and right.

6. An indexing chuck as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that A first end cover is sealed inside the right end of the first piston chamber, and a second end cover is sealed inside the left end of the second piston chamber.

7. An indexing chuck as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The left end surface of the left end of the first push rod is connected to the first indexing locking surface via a first arcuate transition surface, and the right end surface of the right end of the second push rod is connected to the second indexing locking surface via a second arcuate transition surface.

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