A bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device with eddy current diversion

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge piers, specifically to a bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device with vortex diversion, which is used to improve the flow field conditions at the connection between piers and piles. It includes a bridge pier body, a protective device is provided on the outer side of the bridge pier body, a diversion slope is provided below the protective device, the projection of the protective device on the horizontal plane is located within the projection of the diversion slope on the horizontal plane, and the upper surface of the diversion slope is a slope surface and smoothly transitions with the side of the protective device. The utility model is provided with a protective device on the outer side of the bridge pier body, the protective device can prevent the collision friction, sliding friction and rolling friction of particles in the sand-containing water flow on the bridge pier and the collision of boulders on the bridge pier, and a diversion slope is provided below the protective device. The diversion slope can guide the downward flow in front of the bridge pier, reduce the horseshoe vortex from lifting the sediment on the sediment bed, and avoid the early damage of the weak points of the pier-pile connection section under the dual effects of scouring and abrasion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge piers, in particular to a bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device with eddy current diversion. Background Art

[0002] The water flow in mountainous rivers is turbulent, the riverbed has a large gradient and strong entrainment capacity. Floods rush down with silt and boulders, causing a large number of bridge piers in the river to be damaged by abrasion and boulder impact, the protective layer of the pier column is abraded or knocked off by boulders, and the steel bars are exposed, which poses a severe test to the safety of the bridge substructure. On the other hand, the water flow itself will cause serious scouring of the riverbed, especially the local area of ​​the bridge piers. Scouring is a natural phenomenon that occurs in almost every river, and there are many factors that affect the scouring of bridge piers, which are not easy to estimate effectively. In addition, due to changes in the surrounding environment and weather, the damage to bridge piers is often sudden and accidental.

[0003] It is estimated that 60% of bridge failures are caused by scour and other hydraulic-related causes, and all such countermeasures currently in existence and practice are temporary and do not last throughout the life of the bridge, nor do they prevent the formation of scour vortices, which are the root cause of local scour. As a result, during floods, sediments such as sand and gravel around abutments and pier foundations become loose and carried away by the water flow, which may jeopardize the integrity of the structure. None of the current pier and abutment foundation or foundation designs can prevent scour vortices, so the possibility of scour during high water or floods exists in all of these designs.

[0004] Figure 1 A simplified diagram of a horseshoe vortex (HV) formed by a detached boundary layer around the bottom of the hydraulic structure of a bridge pier (P) is shown. The bridge foundation, such as a bridge pier (P), in the water flow (WC) will greatly change the local hydraulic conditions due to the large-scale instability and shedding of coherent vortices (such as horseshoe vortices) generated by the piers and abutments. The horseshoe vortex (HV) has high lift and shear stress, and triggers sediment scouring to form scouring holes (SH). At the same time, the sand and gravel in the water will repeatedly cause abrasion and impact on the surface of the bridge pier under the action of the horseshoe vortex (HV), causing the protective layer of the bridge pier to fall off and the steel bars to be exposed, seriously affecting the safety and durability of the bridge.

[0005] Figure 2is a schematic diagram of the flow field around the bridge pier (P) and involves strong detached eddies flowing around the bridge pier, forming a detachment bubble (SB) at the upstream corner of the pier. Due to the separation of the water flow at the corner of the bridge pier, unstable wake vortices (WV) are formed. These wake vortices (WV) are very unstable and will gradually disappear over time. The downflow (DF) in front of the bridge pier is directed roughly vertically downward, lifting the sediment on the sediment bed (SB) and forming a large scour hole (SH) and a downstream scour hole (DSH) behind the bridge pier (P).

[0006] For bridge piers with severe downwelling in front of them, the sediment on the sedimentary bed will be lifted up, exposing the pier-pile connection section to the flowing water, which can easily lead to damage of the pier-pile connection section under the impact of gravel and boulders. At present, structural countermeasures are mainly used to minimize local scour, such as lengthening the footing, scour retaining rings, modifying the shape of the bridge pier, gravel protection, sacrificial piles, etc., but all of these can only play a general role. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scour and abrasion device for improving the flow field conditions at the pier-pile connection, while protecting the outside of the bridge pier and improving the protection effect of the bridge pier.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problem is a vortex diversion bridge pier anti-scour and abrasion device, comprising a bridge pier body, a protective device is sleeved on the outer side of the bridge pier body, a diversion slope is arranged below the protective device, the projection of the protective device on the horizontal plane is located within the projection of the diversion slope on the horizontal plane, the upper surface of the diversion slope is a slope surface, and smoothly transitions with the side of the protective device.

[0009] Furthermore, the protective device includes a first steel plate layer, a mortar layer is arranged between the first steel plate layer and the pier body, a composite energy-absorbing material is arranged on the outer side of the first steel plate layer, and a second steel plate layer is arranged on the outer side of the composite energy-absorbing material.

[0010] Furthermore, a stiffening plate is arranged between the first steel plate layer and the second steel plate layer, the stiffening plate, the first steel plate layer and the second steel plate layer form an installation cavity, and the composite energy-absorbing material is arranged in the installation cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the protective device is surrounded by a water-facing part, a flow-guiding part and two connecting parts, and the water-facing part and the connecting part, as well as the flow-guiding part and the connecting part are connected by connecting plates; the end surface of the water-facing part away from the bridge pier is an arc surface, the two side surfaces of the flow-guiding part are flow-guiding surfaces, and the end of the flow-guiding surface away from the bridge pier is smoothly transitioned through an arc transition surface.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of adjustment holes are arranged on the side wall of the protection device, and each group of adjustment holes includes at least two hemispherical grooves arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pier body.

[0013] Furthermore, vortex guide blocks are arranged at intervals on the guide surface behind the adjustment hole along the axial direction of the pier body, and the vortex guide blocks include a first conical portion and a second conical portion, and the arrangement direction of the first conical portion and the second conical portion is consistent with the water flow direction.

[0014] Furthermore, a vortex guide block is provided on the guide slope.

[0015] Furthermore, an anti-wear coating is provided on the outer surface of the protective device, and the anti-wear coating is a CoCrWt coating or a Ni60 coating.

[0016] Furthermore, a polymer rubber-plastic pad is provided between the protective device and the diversion slope.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by arranging a protective device on the outer side of the pier body, the protective device can prevent the collision friction, sliding friction and rolling friction of particles in the sand-containing water flow and the collision of boulders on the pier. A diversion slope is arranged below the protective device, and the diversion slope can guide the downward flow in front of the pier, reduce the vortex and prevent the horseshoe vortex from lifting the sediment on the sediment bed, thereby avoiding early damage to the pier-pile connection section. A hemispherical groove is arranged to induce the fluid to transition in advance, thereby reducing the range of the wake area and reducing the scouring of the backwater area of ​​the pier. A vortex diversion block is arranged to regulate the energy of the water flow and reduce the fluid separation downstream of the protective device, thereby weakening the vortex that causes the riverbed to be scoured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a simplified diagram of the horseshoe-shaped vortex formed by the detached boundary layer around the bottom of the hydraulic structure of the pier body;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flow field around the pier body.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the vortex guide block.

[0023] Figure numerals: 1- pier body; 2- protective device; 201- first steel plate layer; 202- mortar layer; 203- composite energy-absorbing material; 204- second steel plate layer; 205- stiffening plate; 206- installation cavity; 3- diversion slope; 4- water-facing part; 5- diversion part; 501- diversion surface; 502- arc transition surface; 6- connecting part; 7- connecting plate; 8- adjusting hole; 801- hemispherical groove; 9- vortex guide block; 901- first conical part; 902- second conical part 10- anti-wear coating; 11- polymer rubber and plastic pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, the utility model is a vortex diversion pier anti-scour and abrasion device, comprising a pier body 1, a protective device 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the pier body 1, a diversion slope 3 is arranged below the protective device 2, the projection of the protective device 2 on the horizontal plane is located within the projection of the diversion slope 3 on the horizontal plane, and the upper surface of the diversion slope 3 is a slope surface and smoothly transitions to the side of the protective device 2.

[0026] The cross section of the pier body 1 can be circular or rectangular. The protective device 2 is sleeved on the outside of the pier body 1 to deal with the impact of boulders or gravel in the water flow. The protective device 2 can be made of polyurethane foam, which is coated on the pier body 1; the protective device 2 can also be made of high-performance concrete, which is cast and formed integrally with the pier body 1 and the diversion slope 3 to improve the integrity. A diversion slope 3 is arranged below the protective device 2, the bottom of the diversion slope 3 is located below the sedimentation bed, the top is located above the sedimentation bed, and the slope surface of the diversion slope 3 is also located above the sedimentation bed, and the diversion slope 3 is streamlined in the direction of water flow; when the water flow contacts the pier body 1, the water flow generates a downward flow until the downward flow contacts the diversion slope 3, and the slope surface of the diversion slope 3 guides the downward flow, changes the flow direction of the downward flow, and prevents the vortex formed by the downward flow from lifting the sediment on the sedimentation bed, so that the pier pile connection section is always protected by the sediment. At the same time, the projection of the protective device 2 on the horizontal plane is located within the projection of the guide slope 3 on the horizontal plane, and the upper surface of the guide slope 3 smoothly transitions with the side of the protective device 2. This arrangement enables the guide slope 3 to guide the downward flow formed in all directions to reduce vortices.

[0027] In order to improve the stability of the protective device 2, further, see Figure 4The protection device 2 includes a first steel plate layer 201, a mortar layer 202 is arranged between the first steel plate layer 201 and the pier body 1, a composite energy-absorbing material 203 is arranged on the outside of the first steel plate layer 201, and a second steel plate layer 204 is arranged on the outside of the composite energy-absorbing material 203. The first steel plate layer 201 is sleeved on the pier body 1, mortar is poured between the first steel plate layer 201 and the pier body 1 to form the mortar layer 202, the composite energy-absorbing material 203 can be made of polyurethane foam or foamed aluminum for energy absorption and shock reduction, and the second steel plate layer 204 is sleeved on the outside of the composite energy-absorbing material 203.

[0028] In order to improve the protection level of the protective device 2, further see Figure 4 A stiffening plate 205 is arranged between the first steel plate layer 201 and the second steel plate layer 204. The stiffening plate 205, the first steel plate layer 201 and the second steel plate layer 204 form an installation cavity 206, and the composite energy-absorbing material 203 is arranged in the installation cavity 206. The stiffening plate 205 is cross-arranged between the first steel plate layer 201 and the second steel plate layer 204 to form a honeycomb or mesh structure. The stiffening plate 205, the first steel plate layer 201 and the second steel plate layer 204 form an installation cavity 206, and the composite energy-absorbing material 203 is filled in the installation cavity 206. When the pier is hit by boulders, the installation cavity 206 can achieve the first level of energy absorption. When the installation cavity 206 is deformed, further squeezing the composite energy-absorbing material 203 can achieve the second level of energy absorption; the strength and protection level of the protective device 2 are improved.

[0029] To facilitate installation and removal, see Figure 3 The protective device 2 is surrounded by a water-facing part 4, a flow-guiding part 5 and two connecting parts 6. The water-facing part 4 and the connecting part 6, and the flow-guiding part 5 and the connecting part 6 are connected by a connecting plate 7. The end surface of the water-facing part 4 away from the bridge pier is an arc surface, and the two side surfaces of the flow-guiding part 5 are flow-guiding surfaces 501. The end of the flow-guiding surface 501 away from the bridge pier is smoothly transitioned through an arc transition surface 502. Among them, the water-facing part 4 is opposite to the direction of the water flow, and the end face of the water-facing part 4 away from the pier is an arc surface, which can be an arc, an ellipse or a parabola, etc., and is used to divert the water flow when the water flow contacts the protective device 2; a connecting plate 7 is arranged on the connecting part 6, and the connecting plate 7 connects the water-facing part 4 and the connecting part 6. Similarly, the connecting plate 7 also connects the diversion part 5 and the connecting part 6; the outer surface of the water-facing part 4 makes the outer surfaces of the water-facing part 4 and the diversion part 5 smoothly transition; the two side surfaces of the diversion part 5 are diversion surfaces 501, and the distance between the two diversion surfaces 501 and the end of the pier body 1 is smaller than the distance close to the end of the pier body 1, so that the water resistance rate can be reduced; the end of the diversion surface 501 away from the pier is smoothly transitioned through the arc transition surface 502, which can prevent aquatic organisms or ships from colliding with the joint of the diversion surface 501 and causing accidents.

[0030] For further information, see Figure 3 The side wall of the protective device 2 is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes 8, each of which includes at least two hemispherical grooves 801 arranged at intervals along the axis of the pier body 1. The hemispherical grooves 801 can induce the water flow to turn in advance, thereby reducing the resistance coefficient, narrowing the wake area, and reducing the scouring of the backwater area of ​​the pier body 1.

[0031] For further information, see Figure 3 On the guide surface 501 behind the regulating hole 8, vortex guide blocks 9 are arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the pier body 1. The vortex guide blocks 9 include a first conical portion 901 and a second conical portion 901. The arrangement direction of the first conical portion 901 and the second conical portion 902 is consistent with the direction of the water flow. The vortex guide blocks 9 can regulate the energy of the water flow to reduce the fluid separation downstream of the protective device 2, thereby eliminating the vortex that causes riverbed scouring. The guide slope 3 is also provided with vortex guide blocks 9.

[0032] In order to reduce the wear of the protective device 2 by the sand in the water flow, further see Figure 3 The outer surface of the protective device 2 is provided with an anti-wear coating 10, and the anti-wear coating 10 is a CoCrWt coating or a Ni60 coating.

[0033] For further information, see Figure 3 A polymer rubber-plastic pad 11 is provided between the protective device 2 and the guide slope 3. The protective device 2 and the guide slope 3 are connected through the polymer rubber-plastic pad 11. Under the gravity of the protective device 2, the compression deformation mechanism of the rubber-plastic pad enables the protective device 2 and the guide slope 3 to form a tight connection under a certain manufacturing error. Since the protective device 2 is affected by buoyancy in water, the weight of the protective device 2 can be increased, for example, by increasing the thickness of the first steel plate layer 201 and the second steel plate layer 204, or by filling some installation cavities 206 with high-performance concrete.

[0034] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device, comprising a bridge pier body (1), characterized in that: The outer side of the pier body (1) is provided with a protective device (2), a diversion slope (3) is provided below the protective device (2), the projection of the protective device (2) on a horizontal plane is located within the projection of the diversion slope (3) on a horizontal plane, and the upper surface of the diversion slope (3) is a slope surface and smoothly transitions to the side surface of the protective device (2).

2. The vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective device (2) comprises a first steel plate layer (201), a mortar layer (202) is arranged between the first steel plate layer (201) and the pier body (1), a composite energy-absorbing material (203) is arranged on the outer side of the first steel plate layer (201), and a second steel plate layer is arranged on the outer side of the composite energy-absorbing material (203).

3. The vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stiffening plate (205) is arranged between the first steel plate layer (201) and the second steel plate layer (204); the stiffening plate (205), the first steel plate layer (201) and the second steel plate layer (204) form an installation cavity (206); and the composite energy-absorbing material (203) is arranged in the installation cavity (206).

4. The vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective device (2) is surrounded by a water-facing portion (4), a flow-guiding portion (5) and two connecting portions (6); the water-facing portion (4) and the connecting portion (6), as well as the flow-guiding portion (5) and the connecting portion (6) are connected via a connecting plate (7); the end surface of the water-facing portion (4) away from the bridge pier is an arc surface, the two side surfaces of the flow-guiding portion (5) are flow-guiding surfaces (501), and the end of the flow-guiding surface (501) away from the bridge pier is smoothly transitioned via a circular arc transition surface (502).

5. The vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of adjustment holes (8) are arranged on the side wall of the protection device (2), and each group of adjustment holes (8) comprises at least two hemispherical grooves (801) arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pier body (1).

6. The vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Vortex guide blocks (9) are arranged at intervals on the guide surface (501) behind the regulating hole (8) along the axial direction of the pier body (1), and the vortex guide blocks (9) include a first conical portion (901) and a second conical portion (902), and the arrangement direction of the first conical portion (901) and the second conical portion (902) is consistent with the direction of water flow.

7. The vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide slope (3) is provided with an eddy current guide block (9).

8. The vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the protective device (2) is provided with an anti-wear coating (10), and the anti-wear coating (10) is a CoCrWt coating or a Ni60 coating.

9. The vortex-guided bridge pier anti-scouring and abrasion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A polymer rubber-plastic cushion strip (11) is arranged between the protective device (2) and the diversion slope (3).

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