Extravascular stent
By designing an external vascular stent including metal periphery and flexible skirt, the complications of anastomosis stenosis and fistula in vascular anastomosis surgery are solved, and the stability and safety of the vascular anastomosis site are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421300544.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-07
AI Technical Summary
In vascular anastomosis surgery, anastomosis stenosis and anastomosis fistula are common complications, mainly caused by hemodynamic instability at the blood flow bifurcation, causing the blood vessel wall to bear unstable pressure.
An external vascular stent is designed, including a rigid metal periphery and a flexible skirt, which is slung on the first blood vessel through the metal periphery, and the skirt is sutured onto the second blood vessel to form a protective structure to inhibit vascular oscillation.
It effectively prevents complications at the vascular anastomosis, ensures the stability of the anastomosis, and reduces the occurrence of postoperative complications.
Smart Images
Figure CN222738053U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular relates to an extravascular stent. Background Art
[0002] Taking aorta-saphenous vein anastomosis surgery as an example, anastomotic stenosis and anastomotic fistula are manifestations of serious postoperative complications. According to preliminary statistics, about 12% of patients will experience anastomotic stenosis after surgery. In fact, this type of stenosis or occlusion is prone to occur in a variety of situations, such as carotid bifurcation, intracranial artery, arteriovenous and other situations involving different vascular anastomoses.
[0003] The reason is that the occurrence mechanism of such complications is related to the hemodynamic instability at the blood flow bifurcation. Specifically, such complications are mainly caused by the vascular oscillation at the anastomosis, which causes unstable pressure on the blood vessel wall.
[0004] The above information disclosed in the background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention and therefore may contain information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in this field. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an extravascular stent to prevent complications at the anastomosis of two blood vessels to the greatest extent possible and to facilitate the stability of the anastomosis.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0007] An extravascular stent, comprising:
[0008] a rigid first component and a flexible second component, wherein
[0009] The first component includes a circumferentially surrounding metal outer shell,
[0010] The second component includes a dense skirt,
[0011] One end of the second component is connected to one end of the first component along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounding metal outer shell.
[0012] Preferably,
[0013] The smallest dimension of the inner diameter of the metal outer shell is greater than the outer diameter of the first blood vessel,
[0014] The skirt has an outer diameter whose largest dimension is smaller than the outer diameter of the second blood vessel.
[0015] Preferably,
[0016] The first component is in the shape of a hollow cylinder.
[0017] Preferably,
[0018] The skirt of the second component is in a fan shape.
[0019] Preferably,
[0020] The first component also includes a coating that circumferentially covers the inner surface of the metal stent.
[0021] Preferably,
[0022] The metal periphery also includes at least two back ribs, a first back rib and a second back rib.
[0023] Preferably,
[0024] The two back ribs start from one end of the first component, along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounded metal periphery, and end at the other end of the first component.
[0025] Preferably,
[0026] The two back ribs are substantially parallel to each other along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounding metal periphery.
[0027] Preferably,
[0028] The metal periphery also includes a metal mesh structure.
[0029] Preferably,
[0030] The metal mesh structure includes a plurality of wavy structural members parallel to each other or a plurality of folded line structural members parallel to each other.
[0031] Preferably,
[0032] The other end of the first component has a first opening, wherein the first opening is formed at the edge of the metal periphery.
[0033] The other end of the second component has a second opening, and the second opening is formed at the edge of the skirt.
[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the extravascular stent disclosed in the present invention can suppress vascular oscillation at the anastomosis between the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, thereby maximally preventing complications at the anastomosis and facilitating the stability of the anastomosis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] By reading the detailed description of the preferred specific embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits of the utility model will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings in the specification are only used for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be limitations of the utility model. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components throughout the drawings.
[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the application of an extravascular stent disclosed in one embodiment of the utility model;
[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the size and position relationship between the first component and the second component disclosed in another embodiment of the utility model;
[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary tool for an extravascular stent disclosed in another embodiment of the utility model;
[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an application of an extravascular stent in cardiac surgery disclosed in another embodiment of the utility model;
[0040] The reference numerals are described as follows:
[0041] 1. The first component;
[0042] 2. The second component;
[0043] 3. First blood vessel;
[0044] 4. Second blood vessel;
[0045] 5. The first back tendon;
[0046] 6. Second back tendon;
[0047] 7. A broken line structure of a metal mesh structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0048] The following will refer to the attached Figures 1 to 4 Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail. Although specific embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
[0049] It should be noted that certain words are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art should understand that technicians may use different nouns to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not use the difference in nouns as a way to distinguish components, but use the difference in the functions of the components as the criterion for distinction. As mentioned throughout the specification and claims, "including" or "comprising" is an open term, so it should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". The subsequent description of the specification is a preferred embodiment of the implementation of the utility model, but the description is based on the general principles of the specification and is not used to limit the scope of the utility model. The scope of protection of the utility model shall be determined by the definition of the attached claims.
[0050] To facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present utility model, further explanation will be given below by taking specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and each of the accompanying drawings does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present utility model.
[0051] In one embodiment, the utility model provides an extravascular stent for anastomosis of a first blood vessel and a second blood vessel, comprising:
[0052] a rigid first component and a flexible second component, wherein
[0053] The first component includes a circumferentially surrounding metal outer shell,
[0054] The second component includes a dense skirt,
[0055] One end of the second component is connected to one end of the first component along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounding metal outer shell.
[0056] The extravascular stent of this embodiment, due to the structural features described above, can be sutured to the second blood vessel through the skirt, and can be sleeved outside the first blood vessel through the circumferentially surrounding metal periphery. Therefore, the extravascular stent can form a protective structure at the position where the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel are anastomosed, and can protect the anastomosis of the two blood vessels to suppress the vascular oscillation at the anastomosis, thereby maximally preventing complications at the anastomosis and facilitating the stability of the anastomosis. It can be understood that by suturing the skirt to the second blood vessel, hemostasis can be enhanced.
[0057] In another embodiment,
[0058] The smallest dimension of the inner diameter of the metal outer shell is greater than the outer diameter of the first blood vessel,
[0059] The skirt has an outer diameter whose largest dimension is smaller than the outer diameter of the second blood vessel.
[0060] It should be noted that since the minimum dimension of the inner diameter of the metal outer shell is larger than the outer diameter of the first blood vessel and the maximum dimension of the outer diameter of the skirt is smaller than the outer diameter of the second blood vessel, the utility model does not force the inner diameter of the metal outer shell and the outer diameter of the skirt to be the same everywhere.
[0061] For example, see Figure 1 As shown,
[0062] The first component 1 can be sheathed outside the first blood vessel 3 through its circumferentially surrounding metal outer shell, wherein, for example, the first blood vessel 3 can be the great saphenous vein;
[0063] The second component 2 can be sutured to the second blood vessel 4 via its skirt, wherein, by way of example, the second blood vessel 4 can be the aorta.
[0064] Those skilled in the art are aware that the blood flow rate of the aorta is much faster than that of the great saphenous vein. Due to the needs of surgery, when the aorta and the great saphenous vein are anastomosed, there is vascular oscillation caused by blood flow oscillation at the anastomosis, which often easily leads to postoperative complications. The extravascular stent disclosed in the above embodiment forms a protective structure at the position where the two blood vessels are anastomosed by taking both rigidity and flexibility into consideration, so as to protect the anastomosis of the two blood vessels and inhibit the vascular oscillation at the anastomosis, thereby maximally preventing complications at the anastomosis and facilitating the stability of the anastomosis.
[0065] In another embodiment,
[0066] The minimum dimension of the inner diameter of the metal outer shell minus the outer diameter of the first blood vessel is a preset value.
[0067] This is helpful for reserving a margin between the extravascular stent and the first blood vessel during surgery.
[0068] In another embodiment,
[0069] The first component is in the shape of a hollow cylinder.
[0070] In another embodiment,
[0071] The skirt of the second component is in a fan shape.
[0072] Combination Figure 1 It can be found that it clearly illustrates the first component 1 in the shape of a hollow cylinder and the skirt of the second component 2 in the shape of a fan.
[0073] In another embodiment,
[0074] The first component also includes a coating that circumferentially covers the inner surface of the metal stent.
[0075] In another embodiment,
[0076] The metal periphery also includes at least two back ribs, a first back rib and a second back rib.
[0077] In another embodiment,
[0078] The metal periphery also includes a metal mesh structure.
[0079] It can be understood that the materials of all components such as the metal periphery, the coating, the skirt, etc., are preferably made of materials with good biocompatibility. Exemplarily, the skirt is made of artificial blood vessel material. Typically, the skirt uses artificial blood vessel cloth. Exemplarily, the back ribs and metal mesh structures in the metal periphery can be made of medical stainless steel or even titanium alloy materials. Exemplarily, the coating can consider expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (EPTFE, such as Gortex), polyester (such as Dacron), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, such as Teflon), or biofilm materials.
[0080] In another embodiment,
[0081] The two back ribs start from one end of the first component, along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounded metal periphery, and end at the other end of the first component.
[0082] In another embodiment,
[0083] The two back ribs are substantially parallel to each other along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounding metal periphery.
[0084] It can be understood that the metal periphery may include other back ribs such as a third back rib, and two back ribs are the preferred method.
[0085] In another embodiment,
[0086] The metal mesh structure includes a plurality of wavy structural members parallel to each other or a plurality of folded line structural members parallel to each other.
[0087] As Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it illustrates a plurality of mutually parallel structural members. It can be understood that such mutually parallel is not a particularly strict limitation, and approximately parallel is sufficient.
[0088] It should be noted that the materials used in the first component and the second component should give priority to the following principles: on the premise that the extravascular stent can suppress the vascular oscillation at the anastomosis, thereby maximally preventing complications at the anastomosis and facilitating the stability of the anastomosis, the less material used, the better, and the less amount of each material used, the better, so as to avoid introducing too much external material or substance into the body of the subject of the operation.
[0089] In another embodiment,
[0090] The other end of the first component 1 has a first opening, which is formed at the edge of the metal periphery.
[0091] The other end of the second component 2 has a second opening, and the second opening is formed at the edge of the skirt.
[0092] In another embodiment,
[0093] The skirt is an artificial blood vessel fabric with a certain density. It can be understood that the density and the range of the surface area of the skirt are based on the basic principle of being able to protect the anastomosis of two blood vessels.
[0094] In another embodiment,
[0095] Along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounding metal outer shell, the coating is located on the inner surface of the metal outer shell, and at the connection between the first component and the second component, the coating intersects with the skirt.
[0096] For the above embodiment, from the inner surface of the metal outer shell to the skirt, the inner surface of the extravascular stent forms a complete surface with a certain degree of density through the coating and the skirt, which isolates the metal mesh structure and the back ribs from the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel. In addition, since the coating is only provided on the inner surface of the metal outer shell, and not on the outer surface of the metal outer shell, the extravascular stent also introduces as few other substances or materials as possible, which is obviously conducive to improving the biocompatibility of the extravascular stent.
[0097] In another embodiment,
[0098] When the second component is flattened, the angle between the first component and the second component is α. Exemplarily, α is an acute angle greater than 0 and less than 90 degrees.
[0099] In another embodiment, see Figure 2 , combined with its upper left and lower left corners, Figure 2 It shows that when the second component 2 is flattened, its skirt is in the shape of an annular sector. Figure 2 Also shown are a first back rib 5, a second back rib 6, and a broken line structure 7 in the metal mesh structure, wherein:
[0100] The first component 1 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, wherein the inner diameter of the metal outer shell is denoted as d0.
[0101] The second component 2 is in the shape of an annular sector as a whole, wherein the outer diameter of the skirt is denoted as d3, d3=d1+2×d2, wherein d1=d0 / sinα,
[0102] The length of the first back rib 5 is greater than that of the second back rib 6 , and the length of the first back rib 5 is denoted as h.
[0103] For example, if the anastomosis between the great saphenous vein and the aorta is targeted, the extravascular stent has the following size and position relationship:
[0104] The inner diameter d0 of the metal outer shell ranges from 2.5 to 5.5 mm.
[0105] The value range of α is 45 to 55 degrees; as mentioned above, d1 can be calculated by d1=d0 / sinα, and the outer diameter of the skirt d3=d1+2×d2, where the value range of d2 is 5 to 8 mm;
[0106] The length h of the first back rib 5 ranges from 30 to 50 mm.
[0107] In another embodiment, the utility model further discloses the application of the extravascular stent, and the application comprises the following steps:
[0108] First, the first opening of the first component 1 is sleeved on the outside of the first blood vessel 3, and then an operation is performed to anastomose the first blood vessel 3 and the second blood vessel 4.
[0109] After the anastomosis, most of the surface of the skirt, or preferably all of the surface of the skirt, is sutured to the outer surface of the second blood vessel 4 through the second opening of the second component 2 .
[0110] In this way, the surface of the skirt is sutured to the outer surface of the second blood vessel 4 through the second opening of the second component 2 and the end of the skirt away from the metal periphery, thereby providing good protection and stabilization for the anastomosis and achieving a certain hemostatic effect.
[0111] It can be understood that if the wall thickness of the first blood vessel 3 and the second blood vessel 4 allows, it is also possible to choose to sew a part of the surface of the skirt (for example, a surface exceeding 50% of the surface area) on the outer surface of the second blood vessel 4, and sew another part of the surface of the skirt on the outer surface of the first blood vessel 3. As for the case where the first blood vessel 3 is the great saphenous vein and the second blood vessel 4 is the aorta, considering that the wall thickness of the great saphenous vein is very thin, all surfaces of the skirt of the extravascular stent are sewed on the outer surface of the second blood vessel. Therefore, it can also be understood that the extravascular stent disclosed by the utility model is not limited to the application of the anastomosis of two specific blood vessels.
[0112] In another embodiment, before the first component 1 is sleeved on the outside of the first blood vessel 3 through the first opening, the use further comprises the following steps:
[0113] According to the outer diameter of the first blood vessel, an appropriate model of the extravascular stent is selected.
[0114] For example, see Figure 3The utility model also discloses an auxiliary tool for selecting an extravascular stent, wherein:
[0115] The tool is in the shape of a circular sheet, wherein a plurality of notches are distributed on the outer circumference of the circular sheet, and the width of each notch corresponds to the outer diameter of a first blood vessel.
[0116] Thus, when applying the extravascular stent of the present invention, medical personnel can first use the auxiliary tool to locate the first blood vessel, thereby selecting an appropriate model of the extravascular stent.
[0117] See also Figure 4 , which illustrates the application of the extravascular stent in cardiac surgery.
[0118] Although the embodiments of the utility model are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments and application fields, and the above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and instructive, rather than restrictive. A person of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms under the enlightenment of this specification and without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the utility model, which all belong to the protection of the utility model.
Claims
1. An extravascular stent, characterized in that: include: a rigid first component and a flexible second component, wherein The first component includes a circumferentially surrounding metal outer shell, The second component includes a dense skirt, One end of the second component is connected to one end of the first component along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounding metal outer shell.
2. The extravascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smallest dimension of the inner diameter of the metal outer shell is greater than the outer diameter of the first blood vessel, The skirt has an outer diameter whose largest dimension is smaller than the outer diameter of the second blood vessel.
3. The extravascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first component is in the shape of a hollow cylinder.
4. The extravascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skirt of the second component is fan-shaped.
5. The extravascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first component also includes a coating circumferentially covering the metal periphery.
6. The extravascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal periphery also includes at least two back ribs, a first back rib and a second back rib.
7. The extravascular stent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two back ribs are substantially parallel to each other along the axial direction of the circumferentially surrounding metal periphery.
8. The extravascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal periphery also includes a metal mesh structure.
9. The extravascular stent according to claim 8, characterized in that: The metal mesh structure includes a plurality of wavy structural members parallel to each other or a plurality of folded line structural members parallel to each other.
10. The extravascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the first component has a first opening, wherein the first opening is formed at the edge of the metal periphery. The other end of the second component has a second opening, and the second opening is formed at the edge of the skirt.