Supporting cushion device for tunnel steel arch connecting plate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a supporting cushion device for a tunnel steel arch connecting plate, which relates to the field of tunnel construction and comprises a base plate, a supporting plate and a supporting plate. A lower connecting plate is arranged at the bottom of the end steel arch, a plurality of first screw through holes are formed in the lower connecting plate, a screw is arranged in each first screw through hole in a penetrating mode, and a nut is movably arranged on each screw; the supporting device is detachably arranged at the bottom of the lower connecting plate, and when the supporting device makes contact with the base plate, a gap exists between the lower connecting plate and the base plate; and the nuts are used for fastening and connecting the lower connecting plates with the upper connecting plates in the adjacent lower-layer construction tunnels. The supporting device is connected with the lower connecting plate, and after the supporting device makes contact with the base plate, the gap is formed between the base plate and the lower connecting plate, so that the purposes of facilitating follow-up lengthening operation of the end steel arch and preventing the lower connecting plate from deforming are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel steel arch frame connecting plate supporting device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the composite structure of steel arch frame and shotcrete is mostly used for the initial support of domestic tunnels. The steel arch frame is spliced ​​into a whole by multiple sections. The splicing of the steel arch frame is connected by connecting plates, which are the weak parts of the steel arch frame. In addition, when the surrounding rock of the tunnel is poor, in order to improve the construction safety, the tunnel is mostly constructed by the step method, that is, the upper step is constructed first, and the other steps are constructed later to reduce the exposed area of ​​the surrounding rock. The steel arch frame connecting plate needs to be set at the boundary of the step for the continuation of the steel arch frame.

[0003] Before the construction of the lower step, the pressure on the steel arch frame above the step boundary is transmitted to the ground by the steel arch frame connecting plate. Due to the unevenness of the step ground or the non-parallelism of the steel arch frame connecting plate and the ground, the steel arch frame connecting plate is partially in contact with the ground, and the local force causes the connecting plate to warp and deform. In addition, the connecting plate needs to be connected with bolts. When the upper step connecting plate is placed on the ground, there is no space to install the bolts in advance. Under the existing technical conditions, the connecting plate is often covered with slag to block the sprayed concrete, so as to clear the bolt installation space when connecting with the lower step steel arch frame connecting plate. However, the slag above the connecting plate replaces the sprayed concrete, and the surrounding rock pressure is supported by the steel arch frame alone, which makes the connecting plate more easily deformed.

[0004] The deformed connecting plate cannot be firmly connected to the connecting plate of the lower step steel arch frame, further weakening the initial support strength of the connecting plate which is the weak point, resulting in poor construction quality and even endangering construction safety.

[0005] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a tunnel steel arch frame connecting plate support device, which is connected to the lower connecting plate by arranging a support device. After the support device contacts the pad, a gap is arranged between the pad and the lower connecting plate to solve the problems in the prior art that the lower connecting plate contacts the ground, the screw rod cannot be pre-installed, resulting in inconvenience in the subsequent extension operation of the end steel arch frame, and the support surface of the lower connecting plate is deformed due to uneven force.

[0007] The utility model embodiment is implemented by the following technical scheme: The utility model embodiment provides a tunnel steel arch frame connecting plate support device, including:

[0008] Pads are used to lay on the ground of the tunnel excavation construction layer;

[0009] The end steel arch frame has a lower connecting plate at the bottom, and a plurality of first screw holes are arranged on the lower connecting plate. A screw rod is arranged through each of the first screw holes, and a nut is movably arranged on each of the screw rods.

[0010] The supporting device is detachably arranged at the bottom of the lower connecting plate and can contact with the upper surface of the pad to generate an interaction force. When the supporting device contacts the pad, a gap exists between the lower connecting plate and the pad;

[0011] The screw rod is used to penetrate the upper connecting plate on the steel arch frame in the adjacent lower construction tunnel after the support device and the pad are disassembled, and the nut is used to fasten the lower connecting plate to the upper connecting plate in the adjacent lower construction tunnel.

[0012] Preferably, the supporting device comprises a support block and a protruding mechanism, the support block is detachably connected to the lower connecting plate, the protruding mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the support block, and the bottom of the protruding mechanism can contact the pad.

[0013] Preferably, when the outer protruding mechanism contacts the backing plate, there is a gap between the support block and the backing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the outer wall of the outwardly convex mechanism is a curved surface structure.

[0015] Preferably, the convex structure is a hemispherical body.

[0016] Preferably, the lower connecting plate and the supporting block are arranged in close contact with each other, and the projection of the supporting block along the central axis falls into the bottom surface of the lower connecting plate.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of second screw through holes are provided on the support block, and a screw in each first screw through hole can pass through a second screw through hole at the same time, and a nut is also used to fasten the lower connecting plate to the support block.

[0018] Preferably, the backing plate is arranged horizontally.

[0019] Preferably, the backing plate is made of stainless steel.

[0020] Preferably, an anti-slip structure is provided at the bottom of the pad.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The utility model provides a tunnel steel arch frame connecting plate support device, which is mainly suitable for tunnels constructed by the existing step method. The pad is used to be laid on the step ground, mainly as a load-bearing foundation to support the entire structure. The upper end of the end steel arch is spliced ​​with other steel arches, and the lower end is provided with a lower connecting plate. The lower connecting plate is used to splice with the upper connecting plate of the steel arch in the next step space when the next step space of the tunnel is subsequently excavated to achieve the extension and continuation of the steel arch. The utility model embodiment is based on the prior art The connection method of two adjacent connecting plates using a nut structure is improved. In the existing structure, the lower connecting plate is directly placed on the ground for temporary support. The lower connecting plate and the ground are not completely in a positional relationship, but there is a certain angle, resulting in uneven support force between the lower connecting plate and the ground, which will cause the connecting plate to bend and deform. In the subsequent extension process, the bent and deformed connecting plate will also be connected with the upper connecting plate of the steel arch in the next step space. The connection is not in a fit, which will cause the splicing section where the lower connecting plate is located to be unstable, and the deformation of the lower connecting plate will be more serious. Lack of fit after splicing will lead to weakening of overall strength and under-digging. The under-digging phenomenon refers to the protrusion of this part after deformation, which occupies the space of other concrete and causes insufficient thickness, which can easily cause serious quality accidents.

[0023] In the embodiment of the utility model, the lower connecting plate is isolated from the ground by setting a pad and a supporting device, and there is also a gap between the lower connecting plate and the pad, that is, the force on the lower connecting plate and the force applied are transmitted through the supporting device to avoid uneven force on the lower connecting plate. This structure can protect the lower connecting plate and prevent the deformation of the lower connecting plate from causing subsequent instability in the support of the entire steel arch frame structure. When constructing the tunnel space of the next step, the nut can be removed first, the screw rod can be kept installed, and the screw rod connected to the first screw hole can be directly passed through the screw hole of the upper connecting plate of the steel arch frame in the tunnel space of the next step, and then the nut can be used to lock it, so that the extension operation can be realized.

[0024] In the prior art, because the lower connecting plate is in direct contact with the ground, there is not enough space to pre-install the screw in the first screw hole. However, the initial support of the tunnel also requires spraying concrete on the steel arch frame. If the concrete spraying operation is directly performed according to the existing support pad device, the concrete will block the first screw hole, making the subsequent extension operation difficult. In the embodiment of the utility model, due to the setting of the support device, there is a gap between the lower connecting plate and the pad. The gap is not only sufficient for pre-installing the screw, but also does not block the first screw hole during concrete spraying, which makes it impossible to install the subsequent screw.

[0025] Of course, in order to prevent concrete from blocking the first screw hole, in the prior art, slag is laid above the lower connecting plate to block the concrete. In the subsequent process of extending the end steel arch frame, the slag only needs to be removed to expose the first screw hole. However, this operation method will result in no sprayed concrete on the part where the slag is laid above the lower connecting plate, and the supporting structure only has the steel arch frame, which will result in insufficient initial support strength at this position, causing deformation of the connecting plate and even the entire structure.

[0026] (2) Lay the pad horizontally, and then set the convex mechanism to a hemisphere, so that the hemisphere and the pad are always tangent when in contact, so that the pad's support force on the overall structure of the steel arch frame is always vertically upward, which improves the support stability while also improving the flexibility of the structure. Because the support device and pad are easy to install and disassemble, the construction progress can be accelerated.

[0027] In general, the tunnel steel arch frame foot support device provided in the embodiment of the utility model is connected to the lower connecting plate by setting a supporting device. After contacting the pad plate, a gap is set between the pad plate and the lower connecting plate to facilitate the subsequent extension operation of the end steel arch frame and prevent the lower connecting plate from deforming. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a support pad device in the prior art;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the support pad device provided in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the support pad device provided in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a support device provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the pad structure provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0035] 1- pad, 2- ground, 3- end steel arch frame, 4- lower connecting plate, 5- first screw through hole, 6- screw rod, 7- nut, 8- supporting device, 9- gap, 10- external convex mechanism, 11- supporting block, 12- second screw through hole, 13- anti-slip structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiment of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0037] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0039] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Example

[0041] In the existing steel arch support structure, such as Figure 1As shown, when constructing the step space corresponding to the tunnel, the lower connecting plate 4 is placed on the corresponding bottom surface to realize the support of the tunnel by the steel arch frame structure of the corresponding step space. However, there is not enough space between the lower connecting plate 4 and the ground 2 in the structure to install the screw 6, that is, the screw 6 is set in the first screw hole 5 and protrudes from the bottom surface of the lower connection. The protruding screw 6 is used to connect the screw 6 with another connecting plate in series. Since the screw 6 cannot be pre-installed in the prior art, when the steel arch frame structure is sprayed with concrete, the concrete will block the first screw hole 5, making it impossible to install the subsequent screw 6. Although the upper surface of the lower connecting plate 4 can be covered with virtual slag to block the sprayed concrete, which can prevent the first screw hole 5 from being blocked by concrete, it will cause the steel arch frame foot sprayed concrete to be missing, resulting in insufficient strength of this part, which will cause the steel arch frame structure to be easily deformed in a long-term high-pressure environment, especially the connecting plate, resulting in insufficient support strength of the entire tunnel. At the same time, there is an angle between the lower connecting plate 4 and the ground 2, and the support surface has a low fit, which will cause uneven force on the lower connecting plate 4 and cause the lower connecting plate 4 to bend and deform. If the deformed lower connecting plate 4 is connected to other connecting plates, the connection quality will be poor and the strength will be low, thereby making the support strength of the village in the tunnel low.

[0042] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model embodiment provides a tunnel steel arch frame connecting plate support device, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, it includes: a pad 1, which is used to be laid on the ground 2 of the tunnel excavation construction layer to support the steel arch structure at the upper end and isolate the connection plate from contact with the ground 2; an end steel arch 3, with a lower connection plate 4 arranged at the bottom. The lower connection plate 4 serves as the bottom support of the steel arch structure in the current tunnel construction step space, and can transmit the support pressure to the ground 2. It also serves as the extension connection end of the steel arch structure, and will be connected to the upper connection plate of the steel arch of the next step later, wherein a plurality of first screw through holes 5 are arranged on the lower connection plate 4, each of which is penetrated by a screw rod 6, and each of which is movably provided with a nut 7; the screw rod 6 is used to penetrate the upper connection plate on the steel arch in the adjacent lower construction tunnel after the support device 8 and the pad 1 are disassembled, and the nut 7 is used to fasten the lower connection plate 4 to the upper connection plate in the adjacent lower construction tunnel. The supporting device 8 is detachably arranged at the bottom of the lower connecting plate 4 and can contact the upper surface of the pad 1 to generate an interaction force. When the supporting device 8 contacts the pad 1, there is a gap 9 between the lower connecting plate 4 and the pad 1; that is, in the embodiment of the utility model, the supporting device 8 and the lower connecting plate 4 are a detachable connection structure. When the supporting device 8 is connected to the lower connecting plate 4, the supporting device 8 isolates the lower connecting plate 4 from the pad 1, and the supporting pressure of the entire upper steel arch structure will be transmitted to the pad 1 through the supporting device 8, and then transmitted through the pad 1. Handed to the ground 2, due to the setting of the supporting device 8, there is a gap 9 between the lower connecting plate 4 and the pad 1, and the gap 9 can facilitate the pre-installation of the screw 6. The end face of the screw 6 installed in the first screw hole 5 is in the gap 9, so that the steel arch frame structure on and above the upper surface of the lower connecting plate 4 can be sprayed with concrete, and there is no need to cover it with slag. This structure not only ensures full coverage of the sprayed concrete or ensures the integrity of the sprayed concrete, but also does not affect the installation of the screw 6, because there is enough space for the screw 6 to be pre-installed.

[0043] Preferably, the support device 8 is set so that the axis line coincides with the axis line of the lower connecting plate 4, which can improve the uniformity of the force on the lower connecting plate 4. At the same time, the lower connecting plate 4 is not in direct contact with the pad 1, and the force on the connecting plate 4 is transmitted through the support device 8. There is a gap 9 between the connecting plate 4 and the pad 1, which can avoid the lower connecting plate 4 from bending and deformation due to uneven force. After excavating the next step space of the tunnel, it is only necessary to remove the pad 1 and disassemble the support device 8 to extend the end steel arch frame 3. Because the screw 6 and the nut 7 are exposed at this time, it is only necessary to remove the nut 7, keep the screw 6 connected to the lower connecting plate 4, and simultaneously pass the screw 6 through the screw hole of the other connecting plate, and then use the nut 7 to lock it to achieve the extension operation of the end steel arch frame 3.

[0044] It should be noted that the connection between the support device 8 and the lower connecting plate 4 can be by means of clamping, bonding, etc., which is not limited here, as long as the purpose of sufficient connection stability and detachable function can be achieved. In order to better protect the lower connecting plate 4, the support device 8 can be configured to include a support block 11 and a convex mechanism 10, the support block 11 is detachably connected to the lower connecting plate 4, the convex mechanism 10 is arranged at the bottom of the support block 11, and the bottom of the convex mechanism 10 can contact the pad 1. This structure can fit the support block 11 and the lower connecting plate 4, and at the same time, the cross-sectional size of the support block 11 can be set to match the size of the lower surface of the lower connecting plate 4, so that the connection and support area can be increased, and the pressure transmission between the support device 8 and the lower connecting plate 4 can be more stable. At the same time, increasing the contact area can reduce the pressure on the lower connecting plate 4, thereby protecting the lower connecting plate 4. Of course, in other embodiments, the lower connecting plate 4 and the support block 11 may be arranged in close contact, and the projection of the support block 11 along its central axis falls into the bottom surface of the lower connecting plate 4, which is not limited here. Preferably, when the outer protruding mechanism 10 contacts the pad 1, there is a gap 9 between the support block 11 and the pad 1, that is, the support block 11 and the pad 1 are not in contact, which further protects the lower connecting plate 4.

[0045] In order to reduce the damage of the outer convex mechanism 10 to the pad 1, the outer wall of the outer convex mechanism 10 can be a curved surface structure, which can increase the contact area between the outer convex mechanism 10 and the pad 1. As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, Figure 4 As shown, the convex mechanism 10 is a hemispherical body. Since the upper surface of the pad 1 is a plane, the spherical surface and the plane are always tangent when in contact. The reaction force of the pad 1 on the hemispherical protrusion will always be perpendicular to the upper plane of the pad 1. Leveling the pad 1 can ensure that the arch frame connecting plate is always subjected to a vertical upward reaction force, thereby improving the supporting stability of the entire support pad device.

[0046] Furthermore, the support block 11 is provided with a plurality of second screw holes 12, and the screw rod 6 in each first screw hole 5 can simultaneously pass through a second screw hole 12, and the nut 7 is also used to fasten the lower connecting plate 4 to the support block 11. Specifically, the support block 11 and the lower connecting plate 4 are connected by threaded installation, which not only ensures the connection stability, but also improves the convenience of disassembly. For example, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the lower connecting plate 4 and the support block 11 are both rectangular plate structures. The lower connecting plate 4 is provided with 4 first screw holes 5, and the support plate 1 is provided with 4 second screw holes 12. Each first screw hole 5 has a corresponding second screw hole 12. A screw rod 6 can simultaneously penetrate a first screw hole 5 and a second screw hole 12, and then be fastened and connected by a nut 7, thereby realizing the fastening connection between the lower connecting plate 4 and the support block 11. When the subsequent end steel arch frame 3 needs to be extended, it is only necessary to remove the nut 7, the support block 11 and the pad 1. It should be noted that the outer convex mechanism 10 of the hemisphere can be integrally provided with the support plate 1, or can be connected by bonding, clamping, etc., which is not limited here. As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the support block 11 and the hemisphere are integrally provided, and the hemisphere is provided at the center of the support block 11, and the support block 11 coincides with the central axis of the lower connecting plate 4.

[0047] In order to improve the support strength and reuse rate of the pad 1, the pad 1 provided in the embodiment of the utility model is made of stainless steel, because stainless steel can resist a variety of corrosive environments, including moisture and chemical corrosion, which is particularly important in tunnel construction, because the tunnel environment may be humid and exposed to various chemicals. Stainless steel has high strength and durability, can withstand long-term heavy loads and pressure, and is suitable as a supporting structure in tunnel construction. Because the pad 1 has strong support and is not easily damaged, it can be reused. Of course, the support device provided in the embodiment of the utility model can also be recycled and reused. Of course, if Figure 5 As shown, an anti-skid structure 13 is provided at the bottom of the pad 1, which can increase the friction between the pad 1 and the ground 2, and improve the stability and safety of the pad 1. Of course, the shape of the anti-skid structure 13 is not limited here. For example, it can be a V-shaped anti-skid groove. Preferably, the pad can be set to a wedge shape, and the upper surface of the wedge-shaped pad can be inclined toward the rock side. Its reaction force can be decomposed into a vertical upward component and a horizontal component pointing to the rock, which can inhibit the steel arch from deforming inward.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. It should be noted that the structures or components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and the utility model omits the description of known components and processing technologies and processes to avoid unnecessary limitations on the utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device, characterized in that: include: A pad (1) is laid on the ground (2) of the tunnel excavation construction layer in a working state; The end steel arch frame (3) is provided with a lower connecting plate (4) at the bottom, and the lower connecting plate (4) is provided with a plurality of first screw through holes (5), each of the first screw through holes (5) is penetrated by a screw rod (6), and each of the screw rods (6) is movably provided with a nut (7); a supporting device (8) which is detachably arranged at the bottom of the lower connecting plate (4) and can contact the upper surface of the pad (1) to generate an interaction force, and when the supporting device (8) contacts the pad (1), a gap (9) exists between the lower connecting plate (4) and the pad (1); The screw rod (6) is used to penetrate the upper connecting plate on the steel arch frame in the adjacent lower construction tunnel after the support device (8) and the pad (1) are disassembled, and the nut (7) is used to fasten the lower connecting plate (4) to the upper connecting plate in the adjacent lower construction tunnel.

2. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support device (8) comprises a support block (11) and an external protrusion mechanism (10), wherein the support block (11) is detachably connected to the lower connecting plate (4), and the external protrusion mechanism (10) is arranged at the bottom of the support block (11), and the bottom of the external protrusion mechanism (10) can contact the pad (1).

3. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the outer protruding mechanism (10) contacts the backing plate (1), a gap (9) exists between the support block (11) and the backing plate (1).

4. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the outwardly protruding mechanism (10) is a curved surface structure.

5. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer convex mechanism (10) is a hemispherical body.

6. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower connecting plate (4) is arranged in close contact with the supporting block (11), and the projection of the supporting block (11) along its central axis falls into the bottom surface of the lower connecting plate (4).

7. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support block (11) is provided with a plurality of second screw holes (12), and the screw rod (6) in each first screw hole (5) can simultaneously pass through a second screw hole (12), and the nut (7) is also used to fasten the lower connecting plate (4) to the support block (11).

8. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pad (1) is arranged horizontally.

9. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pad (1) is made of stainless steel.

10. A tunnel steel arch connecting plate support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pad (1) is provided with an anti-slip structure (13).

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