Speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a speed reducer. According to the scheme, the speed reducer comprises a motor, a shell, a cover plate, a driving gear, a planet gear and a planet carrier. A motor output shaft penetrates through the rear side cover plate to enter the shell to drive the driving gear to rotate. A gear ring is arranged in the shell and meshed with the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear. The first planetary gears are evenly distributed around the driving gear and are in running fit with the driving gear through a first connecting shaft of the first-stage planet carrier, and the second planetary gear is driven by the driven gear. The second-stage planet carrier is matched with the second planet gear through a second connecting shaft, and a second transmission shaft of the second-stage planet carrier extends out of the front side end cover. The center of each planet carrier is provided with a groove and a bearing and is matched with a motor output shaft or a preceding-stage transmission shaft. Cover plates on the two sides of the shell are fixed through connecting pieces, and equal-height sleeves are arranged between the cover plates and the shell, so that the existence of gaps is guaranteed. A flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing and a spacer bush are arranged between every two planetary gears, so that the rotation performance and durability are improved. The utility model has the characteristics of compact structure, high transmission efficiency and convenience in installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reducers, and in particular to a reducer. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of power transmission, reducers are widely used in various mechanical equipment. Its main function is to reduce the output speed of the motor and increase the output torque through gear transmission to meet the transmission requirements of different mechanical devices. At present, the common reducers on the market mostly adopt planetary gear structure. Because of its advantages such as small size, high transmission efficiency and stable output, it has gradually become the first choice for various high-performance equipment. However, in the prior art, there are still some problems in the design and use of planetary gear reducers.

[0003] Traditional planetary gear reducers have complex structures and many parts, which often lead to problems such as difficult assembly, high maintenance costs, and high failure rates. At the same time, the bearings and gears of the reducers in the prior art are tightly matched, lacking effective heat dissipation and lubrication structures, which can easily lead to increased wear due to overheating or poor lubrication, affecting the service life. In addition, the matching between the transmission shaft and the housing of the traditional reducer lacks adaptability and is difficult to adapt to the installation requirements of different mechanical equipment.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a planetary gear reducer with a simpler structure, more stable performance and easy maintenance has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current technical field. The utility model proposes an improved planetary gear reducer to solve the above problems in the prior art and improve the comprehensive performance and service life of the reducer by optimizing the structural design. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a reducer to address the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above application purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solution: a reducer includes:

[0007] The motor has a plurality of screw holes on one side facing the housing, and the output shaft of the motor passes through the rear cover plate of the reducer and extends into the housing;

[0008] The housing has an inner ring provided with a gear ring meshing with the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear, and assembly holes for installing the cover plate are provided on the front and rear end surfaces;

[0009] The cover plate has a through hole at the center, and a hole position matching the assembly hole is provided on the outer ring, and each cover plate has a mounting hole corresponding to the screw hole of the motor, and the front and rear cover plates are installed on both sides of the shell through connecting pieces;

[0010] A driving gear is drivingly connected to an output shaft of the motor;

[0011] The first planetary gears are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the driving gear and mesh with the driving gear and the ring gear of the housing;

[0012] A primary planet carrier, with a first transmission shaft at the front end and first connecting shafts corresponding to the first planetary gears at the rear end, each first connecting shaft being rotationally matched with the first planetary gear;

[0013] A driven gear, coaxially rotatably connected with the first transmission shaft;

[0014] The second planetary gears are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the driven gear and mesh with the driven gear and the ring gear of the housing;

[0015] The secondary planetary carrier has a second transmission shaft at the front end, which extends out of the front end cover of the reducer, and a second connecting shaft corresponding to the second planetary gears at the rear end, and each second connecting shaft rotates in conjunction with the second planetary gears.

[0016] Furthermore, a groove is provided at the center of the first-stage planetary carrier, and a bearing is provided in the groove, and the bearing is rotatably matched with the output shaft of the motor.

[0017] Furthermore, a groove is also provided at the center of the secondary planet carrier, and a bearing is also provided in the groove, and the bearing is rotatably matched with the first transmission shaft of the primary planet carrier.

[0018] Furthermore, a flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing is provided between the front end cover of the reducer and the second transmission shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, a flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing is also provided between each first connecting shaft and the first planetary gear, and the flange outer ring deep groove ball bearings are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the first planetary gear.

[0020] Furthermore, each first connecting shaft is provided with a spacer sleeve, which isolates the flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing and the side of the first-stage planetary carrier; each second connecting shaft is also provided with a spacer sleeve, which isolates the flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing and the side of the second-stage planetary carrier.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of sleeves of equal height are provided between each cover plate and the shell, so that there is a gap between the cover plate and the shell.

[0022] Further, the number of the first planetary gears and the number of the second planetary gears are both three.

[0023] Furthermore, the motor, the housing, the cover plate, the driving gear, the primary planet carrier, and the secondary planet carrier are located on the same center line.

[0024] Furthermore, the driving gear is made of copper or a copper alloy.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Improve transmission efficiency: By optimizing the gear structure and bearing configuration, the energy loss in the transmission process is reduced and the overall transmission efficiency is improved.

[0027] 2. Enhanced stability and reliability: The use of flanged outer ring deep groove ball bearings and other bearing configurations improves the support between the planetary gear and the planetary carrier, reduces vibration and noise, and enhances the stability and life of the transmission system. The use of flanged outer ring deep groove ball bearings and the setting of spacers effectively reduce direct contact between components, thereby reducing wear and improving the reliability and durability of the entire reducer.

[0028] 3. Simplify maintenance operations: Through reasonable design, the number of parts that need to be disassembled during maintenance is reduced, the maintenance process is simplified, and the maintenance time and cost are reduced. For example, the design introduces an equal height sleeve to ensure that there is a gap between the cover and the housing, which not only facilitates assembly, but also enhances the heat dissipation effect and helps to extend the service life of the reducer.

[0029] 4. Optimized structural design: By placing all major components on the same center line, the structure is simplified, making assembly easier and reducing production costs.

[0030] 5. Precise control: The two-stage planetary gear transmission structure can achieve more precise speed and torque control, and is suitable for applications with high requirements for transmission accuracy.

[0031] 6. Enhanced positioning and isolation effect: The equal height sleeve between the cover plate and the shell and the spacer sleeve on the first connecting shaft ensure good clearance and isolation effect, further improving the stability and reliability of the transmission system.

[0032] In summary, the utility model has achieved remarkable beneficial effects in improving transmission efficiency, enhancing stability, simplifying maintenance operations, etc. through a series of structural optimizations and innovative designs, and is suitable for transmission applications that require efficient, stable and precise control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is an exploded view of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a stereogram of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 is a side view of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 is an isometric cross-sectional view of the present application.

[0037] In the figure, 1, motor; 11, screw hole; 12, output shaft; 2, housing; 21, ring gear; 22, assembly hole; 3, rear cover plate; 31, through hole; 32, mounting hole; 4, front cover plate; 5, first planetary gear; 6, driving gear; 7, primary planetary carrier; 71, first transmission shaft; 72, first connecting shaft; 8, second planetary gear; 9, driven gear; 10, secondary planetary carrier; 101, second transmission shaft; 102, second connecting shaft; 103, spacer; 104, equal height sleeve; 73, bearing; 74, flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0040] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a planetary gear reducer for reducing the high-speed rotational motion output by a motor to a low-speed high-torque output. The reducer is suitable for automation equipment, robots and other mechanical transmission systems.

[0041] Structural composition

[0042] 1. Motor 1:

[0043] One end of the motor 1 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 11 for fixed installation. The output shaft 12 of the motor 1 passes through the rear cover plate 3 and enters the interior of the housing 2 .

[0044] 2. Shell 2:

[0045] A gear ring 21 is provided inside the housing to mesh with the first planetary gear 5 and the second planetary gear 8. Assembly holes 22 for mounting the cover plate are provided on the front and rear end surfaces.

[0046] 3. Front cover plate 4 and rear cover plate 3:

[0047] A through hole 31 is provided in the center, and a hole is provided in the outer ring to match the assembly hole 22 of the housing 1. Each cover plate is provided with a mounting hole 32 corresponding to the screw hole 11 of the motor 1. It is fixed to both sides of the housing by connecting pieces.

[0048] 4. Driving gear 6:

[0049] It is connected to the output shaft 12 of the motor 1 and meshes with the plurality of first planetary gears 5 .

[0050] 5. Primary planetary gear set:

[0051] The first planetary gears 5 are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the driving gear 6. The primary planet carrier 7 has a first transmission shaft 71 at the front end and a plurality of first connecting shafts 72 at the rear end, which are respectively rotatably matched with the first planetary gears 5.

[0052] 6. Driven gear 9:

[0053] It is coaxially connected to the first transmission shaft 71 of the primary planet carrier 7 for rotation.

[0054] 7. Secondary planetary gear set:

[0055] The second planetary gears 8 are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the driven gear 9. The secondary planetary carrier 10 has a second transmission shaft 101 at the front end and a plurality of second connecting shafts 102 at the rear end, which are respectively rotatably matched with the second planetary gears 8.

[0056] 8. Bearing design:

[0057] Bearings 73 are provided between the primary planet carrier 7 and the motor output shaft 12, and between the secondary planet carrier 10 and the first transmission shaft 71 of the primary planet carrier 7. A flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing 74 is provided between the front end cover 4 and the second transmission shaft 101.

[0058] Among them, the reason why this application chooses flanged outer ring deep groove ball bearings is that flanged outer ring deep groove ball bearings are based on standard deep groove ball bearings with a flange design added. The "flange" here refers to a protruding edge on one or both sides of the outer ring of the bearing, which can be used to locate the bearing or to fix the position of the bearing. This design helps to simplify the installation process and improve the stability of the system. The key point is that no additional fixing device (such as a retaining ring) is required to prevent the bearing from moving axially, so the number of parts can be significantly reduced and the difficulty of installation can be reduced.

[0059] 9. Spacer sleeves and contour sleeves:

[0060] Each of the first connecting shaft 72 and the second connecting shaft 102 is provided with a spacer sleeve 103 to isolate the side of the bearing from the planet carrier. A height-equalizing sleeve 104 is provided between the cover plate and the housing 2 to ensure the clearance during installation.

[0061] How it works

[0062] The motor output shaft 12 drives the first planetary gear 5 to rotate through the driving gear 6, and the primary planetary carrier 7 transmits the motion to the driven gear 9, thereby driving the second planetary gear 8 to rotate. The secondary planetary carrier 10 outputs a low-speed and high-torque rotational motion through the second transmission shaft 101.

[0063] Advantages and features

[0064] Planetary gear transmission is adopted to achieve efficient deceleration function. The structure design is compact and effectively saves space. The standardized design of each component is convenient for assembly and maintenance. The use of copper alloy materials improves the thermal conductivity and wear resistance of the transmission components. The multi-stage bearing and spacer design reduces friction and improves stability and service life. The reducer of this embodiment is efficient, stable and durable, and is suitable for various industrial equipment that require high-precision deceleration.

[0065] The parts not described in detail in this application are prior art, so this application does not describe them in detail.

[0066] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0067] Although this article uses more professional terms, it does not exclude the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of this application; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of this application.

[0068] The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other forms of products under the inspiration of this application. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, all technical solutions that are the same or similar to those of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A reducer, characterized in that: include: The motor has a plurality of screw holes on one side facing the housing, and the output shaft of the motor passes through the rear cover plate of the reducer and extends into the housing; The housing has an inner ring provided with a gear ring meshing with the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear, and assembly holes for installing the cover plate are provided on the front and rear end surfaces; A cover plate, with a through hole at the center, a hole position matching the assembly hole on the outer ring, and a mounting hole corresponding to the screw hole of the motor on each cover plate, and the front and rear cover plates are mounted on both sides of the housing through connectors; A driving gear, drivingly connected to the output shaft of the motor; The first planetary gears are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the driving gear and mesh with the driving gear and the ring gear of the housing; A primary planet carrier, with a first transmission shaft at the front end and first connecting shafts corresponding to the first planetary gears at the rear end, each of the first connecting shafts being rotationally matched with the first planetary gears; A driven gear, coaxially rotatably connected to the first transmission shaft; Second planetary gears are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the driven gear and mesh with the driven gear and the ring gear of the housing; The secondary planetary carrier has a second transmission shaft at the front end, which extends out of the front end cover of the reducer, and a second connecting shaft corresponding to the second planetary gears at the rear end, and each of the second connecting shafts rotates in conjunction with the second planetary gears.

2. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided at the center of the first-stage planet carrier, and a bearing is provided in the groove, and the bearing is rotationally matched with the output shaft of the motor.

3. A reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove is also provided at the center of the secondary planet carrier, and a bearing is also provided in the groove. The bearing is rotatably matched with the first transmission shaft of the primary planet carrier.

4. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing is arranged between the front end cover of the reducer and the second transmission shaft.

5. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing is also provided between each of the first connecting shafts and the first planetary gear, and the flange outer ring deep groove ball bearings are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the first planetary gear.

6. A reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the first connecting shafts is also provided with a spacer sleeve, which isolates the flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing from the side of the first-stage planetary carrier; each of the second connecting shafts is also provided with a spacer sleeve, which isolates the flange outer ring deep groove ball bearing from the side of the second-stage planetary carrier.

7. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of sleeves of equal height are arranged between each of the cover plates and the shell, so that there is a gap between the cover plates and the shell.

8. A reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The number of the first planetary gears and the number of the second planetary gears are both three.

9. A reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The motor, the housing, the cover plate, the driving gear, the primary planet carrier, and the secondary planet carrier are located on the same center line.

10. A reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The driving gear is made of copper or copper alloy.

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