Heading machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a heading machine. The utility model provides a heading machine which comprises a cutterhead, a main beam, a main driving device and a propelling system, the main driving device is connected between the main beam and the cutterhead, and the main driving device is used for driving the cutterhead to rotate; the propelling system comprises a front supporting device, a main supporting device, a rear supporting device and a propelling oil cylinder, the front supporting device, the main supporting device and the rear supporting device are all arranged on the main beam, the propelling oil cylinder is hinged between the main driving device and the main supporting device, and the propelling oil cylinder is used for pushing the cutterhead in the tunneling direction; the main supporting device comprises a main supporting shoe, the main supporting shoe is configured to be supported on the inner wall of a tunnel when the thrust oil cylinder pushes the cutterhead to conduct tunneling, the front supporting device comprises a front supporting shoe, the rear supporting device comprises a rear supporting shoe, and the front supporting shoe and the rear supporting shoe are used for being supported on the inner wall of the tunnel when the main supporting shoe is separated from the inner wall of the tunnel. And the front supporting shoe is configured to be supported at the bottom of the tunnel. The utility model provides a heading machine which can prevent sliding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] Full-section hard rock tunnel boring machines are mainly used for excavation of hard rock bottom layers and are widely used in urban rail transit, municipal engineering, water diversion tunnels, railways, highways and other fields.

[0003] Existing tunnel boring machines generally include a main beam, a cutterhead, a main drive unit, a propulsion system, etc. The main drive unit and the propulsion system are both arranged on the main beam, and the cutterhead is arranged at the front end of the main drive. The main drive is used to drive the cutterhead to excavate the rock layer. The propulsion system generally includes a propulsion cylinder and a support shoe mechanism. The propulsion cylinder is connected between the main beam and the support shoe mechanism. The propulsion oil pushes the cutterhead forward when the support shoe is tightened against the tunnel wall. When the cutterhead stops excavating, the support shoe mechanism can be retracted and step forward, thereby realizing the step-by-step forward movement of the tunnel boring machine.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned tunnel boring machine is performing tunnel boring work with a certain slope, the tunnel boring machine is prone to slipping backwards. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the problems mentioned in the background technology, the utility model provides a tunneling machine which can prevent the machine from slipping.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a roadheader, comprising a cutterhead, a main beam, a main driving device and a propulsion system, wherein the main driving device is connected between the main beam and the cutterhead, and is used to drive the cutterhead to rotate;

[0008] The propulsion system includes a front support device, a main support device, a rear support device and a propulsion cylinder. The front support device, the main support device and the rear support device are all arranged on the main beam. The propulsion cylinder is hinged between the main drive device and the main support device. The propulsion cylinder is used to push the cutter head in the excavation direction.

[0009] The main support device includes a main support shoe, which is configured to be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel when the thrust cylinder pushes the cutter disc to advance. The front support device includes a front support shoe, and the rear support device includes a rear support shoe. The front support shoe and the rear support shoe are used to support the inner wall of the tunnel when the main support shoe is separated from the inner wall of the tunnel, and the front support shoe is configured to be supported on the bottom of the tunnel.

[0010] As an optional embodiment, the front support device also includes a first telescopic cylinder, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. The first end of the first connecting rod and the first end of the second connecting rod are both hinged on the main beam, the second end of the first connecting rod and the second end of the second connecting rod are both connected to the front support shoe, and the two ends of the first telescopic cylinder are hinged between the main beam and the first connecting rod. The first telescopic cylinder is configured to drive the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to rotate around the main beam through its own telescopic movement, thereby driving the front support shoe to support or detach from the bottom of the tunnel.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the second end of the first connecting rod and the second end of the second connecting rod are both hinged to the front support shoe.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the first telescopic cylinder, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged on the main beam at intervals in sequence along the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the first connecting rod, the first telescopic cylinder and the main beam are arranged to form a triangular structure, and the angle opposite to the first telescopic cylinder is an acute angle.

[0014] As an optional embodiment, there are two first connecting rods, the two first connecting rods are spaced apart along the width direction of the main beam, a third connecting rod is fixedly connected between the two first connecting rods, and one end of the first telescopic cylinder is hinged to the third connecting rod.

[0015] As an optional implementation, a cross section of the first connecting rod is larger than a cross section of the second connecting rod.

[0016] As an optional embodiment, the rear support device also includes a second telescopic cylinder, which is telescopically arranged along the width direction of the tunnel boring machine. The rear support shoes are two, and the two rear support shoes are respectively connected to the two ends of the second telescopic cylinder, so that the two rear support shoes can be driven to support or detach from the walls on both sides of the tunnel through the telescopic movement of the second telescopic cylinder.

[0017] As an optional embodiment, the rear support device also includes a support seat, an outer sleeve and two inner sleeves, the support seat is fixed on the main beam, the outer sleeve is fixed on the support seat, the two inner sleeves are slidably mounted in the outer sleeve, the two inner sleeves are respectively connected between the end of the second telescopic cylinder and the rear support boots, the second telescopic cylinder is configured to drive the two inner sleeves to slide back and forth linearly along the outer sleeve, so as to drive the two rear support boots to support or detach from the walls on both sides of the tunnel through the two inner sleeves.

[0018] As an optional implementation, the rear support device, the main support device and the front support device are sequentially arranged on the main beam along the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine.

[0019] The utility model provides a tunnel boring machine, comprising a cutter disc, a main beam, a main drive device and a propulsion system, wherein the main drive device is connected between the main beam and the cutter disc, and is used for driving the cutter disc to rotate; the propulsion system comprises a front support device, a main support device, a rear support device and a propulsion cylinder, wherein the front support device, the main support device and the rear support device are all arranged on the main beam, the propulsion cylinder is hinged between the main drive device and the main support device, and the propulsion cylinder is used for pushing the cutter disc in the tunneling direction; the main support device comprises a main support shoe, and the main support shoe is configured to be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel when the propulsion cylinder pushes the cutter disc to tunnel, the front support device comprises a front support shoe, and the rear support device comprises a rear support shoe, the front support shoe and the rear support shoe are used for supporting on the inner wall of the tunnel when the main support shoe is separated from the inner wall of the tunnel, and the front support shoe is configured to be supported on the bottom of the tunnel. The tunnel boring machine provided by the utility model has a front support shoe and a rear support shoe that can be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel in advance when the main support shoe of the main support device is separated from the inner wall of the tunnel for step change, thereby preventing the tunnel boring machine from slipping during the step change of the main support shoe. In addition, by supporting the front support shoe on the bottom of the tunnel, the friction between the front support shoe and the bottom of the tunnel can be increased by utilizing the weight of the tunnel boring machine itself, thereby further avoiding the risk of the tunnel boring machine slipping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first structure of a front support device in a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 A second structural schematic diagram of a front support device in a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a rear support device in a tunnel boring machine provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 100-Tunnel boring machine;

[0027] 110- knife disc;

[0028] 120-main beam;

[0029] 130-main drive device;

[0030] 140-Propulsion system;

[0031] 141-front support device;

[0032] 1411-front support boots;

[0033] 1412-first telescopic cylinder;

[0034] 1413-first connecting rod;

[0035] 1414-second connecting rod;

[0036] 1415-third connecting rod;

[0037] 142-main support device;

[0038] 143- rear support device;

[0039] 1431-Back support boots;

[0040] 1432-second telescopic cylinder;

[0041] 1433-support seat;

[0042] 1434-outer sleeve;

[0043] 1435-inner sleeve;

[0044] 144-Thrust cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0046] In the application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the utility model and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0047] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated devices, elements or components. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0050] Existing tunnel boring machines generally include a main beam, a cutterhead, a main drive unit, a propulsion system, etc. The main drive unit and the propulsion system are both arranged on the main beam, the cutterhead is arranged at the front end of the main drive, the main drive is used to drive the cutterhead to excavate the rock layer, and the propulsion system generally includes a propulsion cylinder and a support shoe mechanism. The propulsion cylinder is connected between the main beam and the support shoe mechanism. The propulsion oil pushes the cutterhead forward when the support shoe is tightly supported on the tunnel wall. When the cutterhead stops excavating, the support shoe mechanism can be retracted and step forward, thereby realizing the step-by-step forward movement of the tunnel boring machine. However, when the tunnel boring machine described above is performing tunnel boring operations with a certain slope, the tunnel boring machine is prone to slipping backwards.

[0051] In view of this, the utility model provides a tunnel boring machine, including a cutter disc, a main beam, a main drive device and a propulsion system, the main drive device is connected between the main beam and the cutter disc, and the main drive device is used to drive the cutter disc to rotate; the propulsion system includes a front support device, a main support device, a rear support device and a propulsion cylinder, the front support device, the main support device and the rear support device are all arranged on the main beam, the propulsion cylinder is hinged between the main drive device and the main support device, and the propulsion cylinder is used to push the cutter disc in the tunneling direction; the main support device includes a main support shoe, the main support shoe is configured to be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel when the propulsion cylinder pushes the cutter disc to tunnel, the front support device includes a front support shoe, and the rear support device includes a rear support shoe. When the main support shoes of the main support device are separated from the inner wall of the tunnel for step change, the front support shoes and the rear support shoes can be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel in advance, thereby preventing the tunnel boring machine from slipping during the step change of the main support shoes. In addition, by supporting the front support shoes on the bottom of the tunnel, the friction between the front support shoes and the bottom of the tunnel can be increased by using the deadweight of the tunnel boring machine, thereby further avoiding the risk of the tunnel boring machine slipping.

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first structure of a front support device in a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 A second structural schematic diagram of a front support device in a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a rear support device in a tunnel boring machine provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0053] You can refer to Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment of the utility model provides a roadheader 100, including a cutter head 110, a main beam 120, a main drive device 130 and a propulsion system 140. The main drive device 130 is connected between the main beam 120 and the cutter head 110, and the main drive device 130 is used to drive the cutter head 110 to rotate; the propulsion system 140 includes a front support device 141, a main support device 142, a rear support device 143 and a propulsion cylinder 144. The front support device 141, the main support device 142 and the rear support device 143 are all arranged on the main beam 120, and the propulsion cylinder 144 It is hinged between the main driving device 130 and the main supporting device 142, and the thrust cylinder 144 is used to push the cutter head 110 in the excavation direction; the main supporting device 142 includes a main support shoe, and the main support shoe is configured to be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel when the thrust cylinder 144 pushes the cutter head 110 to excavate, the front supporting device 141 includes a front support shoe 1411, and the rear supporting device 143 includes a rear support shoe 1431. The front support shoe 1411 and the rear support shoe 1431 are used to support the inner wall of the tunnel when the main support shoe is separated from the inner wall of the tunnel, and the front support shoe 1411 is configured to be supported on the bottom of the tunnel.

[0054] It can be understood that when the main support shoe of the main support device 142 in the tunnel boring machine 100 provided by the embodiment of the utility model is separated from the inner wall of the tunnel for stepping, the front support shoe 1411 and the rear support shoe 1431 can be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel in advance, thereby preventing the tunnel boring machine 100 from slipping during the main support shoe stepping period. In addition, by supporting the front support shoe 1411 on the bottom of the tunnel, the friction between the front support shoe 1411 and the bottom of the tunnel can be increased by using the deadweight of the tunnel boring machine 100, thereby further avoiding the risk of the tunnel boring machine 100 slipping. In addition, the front support device 141 and the rear support device 143 are both located in the main beam 120 area, which will not increase the length of the entire equipment of the tunnel boring machine 100, and can effectively improve the upward excavation capacity and excavation efficiency of the inclined shaft tunnel boring machine 100.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the front support device 141 may also include a first telescopic cylinder 1412, a first connecting rod 1413 and a second connecting rod 1414, the first end of the first connecting rod 1413 and the first end of the second connecting rod 1414 are both hinged on the main beam 120, the second end of the first connecting rod 1413 and the second end of the second connecting rod 1414 are both connected to the front support shoe 1411, and the two ends of the first telescopic cylinder 1412 are hinged between the main beam 120 and the first connecting rod 1413. The first telescopic cylinder 1412 is configured to drive the first connecting rod 1413 and the second connecting rod 1414 to rotate around the main beam 120 through its own telescopic movement, thereby driving the front support shoe 1411 to support or detach from the bottom of the tunnel.

[0056] In the above embodiment, the second end of the first connecting rod 1413 and the second end of the second connecting rod 1414 are both hinged to the front support boot 1411. In this way, the inclination angle of the front support boot 1411 can be adjusted to a certain extent when the front support boot 1411 touches the ground, so that the front support boot 1411 is more stably supported on the ground.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the first telescopic cylinder 1412, the first connecting rod 1413 and the second connecting rod 1414 are hinged on the main beam 120 in sequence and at intervals along the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine 100, so that the first connecting rod 1413 is arranged close to the first telescopic cylinder 1412, which can shorten the telescopic stroke of the first telescopic cylinder 1412 and improve the reliability of the first telescopic cylinder 1412.

[0058] In the above embodiment, the first connecting rod 1413, the first telescopic oil cylinder 1412 and the main beam 120 are arranged to form a triangular structure, and the angle opposite to the first telescopic oil cylinder 1412 is an acute angle. The stability of the triangular structure can ensure that the first telescopic oil cylinder 1412 is driven smoothly, and the overall reliability of the front support device 141 is improved. It can be understood that the angle opposite to the first telescopic oil cylinder 1412 is designed to be an acute angle. When the front support shoe 1411 is supported on the ground in the uphill section of the tunnel boring machine 100, the first telescopic oil cylinder 1412 is subjected to pressure without being subjected to tension, which makes the overall structure of the front support device 141 more stable.

[0059] In the above embodiment, there are two first connecting rods 1413, and the two first connecting rods 1413 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the main beam 120. A third connecting rod 1415 is fixedly connected between the two first connecting rods 1413, and one end of the first telescopic cylinder 1412 is hinged to the third connecting rod 1415. The two first connecting rods 1413 are arranged along the width direction, so that the front support shoe 1411 can be more stable when supporting the ground, and it is not easy to swing left and right.

[0060] In the above embodiment, the cross section of the first connecting rod 1413 can be made larger than the cross section of the second connecting rod 1414. It can be understood that the force of the first telescopic oil cylinder 1412 is directly borne by the third connecting rod 1415 and transmitted to the first connecting rod 1413 through the third connecting rod 1415, so the first connecting rod 1413 bears a greater torque than the second connecting rod 1414. By making the cross section of the first connecting rod 1413 larger than the cross section of the second connecting rod 1414, the structural strength of the first connecting rod 1413 can be increased, so that the first connecting rod 1413 can withstand a greater torque.

[0061] In the above embodiment, the rear support device 143 may also include a second telescopic cylinder 1432, which is telescopically arranged along the width direction of the tunnel boring machine 100. The rear support shoes 1431 are provided with two, and the two rear support shoes 1431 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second telescopic cylinder 1432, so that the two rear support shoes 1431 can be driven to support or detach from the tunnel walls on both sides of the tunnel through the telescopic movement of the second telescopic cylinder 1432. Specifically, when the second telescopic cylinder 1432 is extended, the two ends of the second telescopic cylinder 1432 respectively support the two rear support shoes 1431 tightly against the inner walls of the tunnel on both sides; when the second telescopic cylinder 1432 is shortened, the two ends of the second telescopic cylinder 1432 respectively retract the two rear support shoes 1431 from the inner walls of the tunnel on both sides. This method of driving the rear support shoes 1431 is not only simple in structure, but also stable in driving, and can keep the two side rear support shoes 1431 moving synchronously.

[0062] like Figure 4As shown, in the above embodiment, the rear support device 143 can also include a support seat 1433, an outer sleeve 1434 and two inner sleeves 1435. The support seat 1433 is fixed on the main beam 120, the outer sleeve 1434 is fixed on the support seat 1433, and the two inner sleeves 1435 are slidably mounted in the outer sleeve 1434. The two inner sleeves 1435 are respectively connected between the end of the second telescopic cylinder 1432 and the rear support boots 1431. The second telescopic cylinder 1432 is configured to drive the two inner sleeves 1435 to slide reciprocatingly along the outer sleeve 1434, so as to drive the two rear support boots 1431 to support or detach from the walls on both sides of the tunnel through the two inner sleeves 1435. The outer sleeve 1434 can, on the one hand, play a guiding role to ensure that the second telescopic oil cylinder 1432 performs a stable reciprocating telescopic motion. On the other hand, the outer sleeve 1434 can also protect the second telescopic oil cylinder 1432 inside to prevent foreign matter from entering, thereby affecting the reliability and service life of the second telescopic oil cylinder 1432. Specifically, the second sleeve can be a continuous sleeve structure, so that it is completely covered outside the second telescopic oil cylinder 1432, or it can be as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown in , the outer sleeve 1434 is divided into two parts, and each part of the outer sleeve 1434 is respectively covered at one end of the second telescopic cylinder 1432.

[0063] In the above embodiment, the rear support device 143, the main support device 142 and the front support device 141 are sequentially arranged on the main beam 120 along the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine 100. The front support device 141 and the rear support device 143 are located at the front and rear ends of the main support device 142, so that when the main support device 142 changes steps, the front support device 141 and the rear support device 143 can better replace the supporting function of the main support device 142, so that the tunnel boring machine 100 is subjected to a more balanced force.

[0064] The utility model embodiment provides a roadheader 100, including a cutter head 110, a main beam 120, a main drive device 130 and a propulsion system 140, the main drive device 130 is connected between the main beam 120 and the cutter head 110, and the main drive device 130 is used to drive the cutter head 110 to rotate; the propulsion system 140 includes a front support device 141, a main support device 142, a rear support device 143 and a propulsion cylinder 144, the front support device 141, the main support device 142 and the rear support device 143 are all arranged on the main beam 120, and the propulsion cylinder 144 is hinged Connected between the main driving device 130 and the main supporting device 142, the thrust cylinder 144 is used to push the cutter head 110 in the excavation direction; the main supporting device 142 includes a main support shoe, and the main support shoe is configured to be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel when the thrust cylinder 144 pushes the cutter head 110 to excavate, the front supporting device 141 includes a front support shoe 1411, and the rear supporting device 143 includes a rear support shoe 1431. The front support shoe 1411 and the rear support shoe 1431 are used to support the inner wall of the tunnel when the main support shoe is separated from the inner wall of the tunnel, and the front support shoe 1411 is configured to be supported on the bottom of the tunnel. The tunnel boring machine 100 provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantage that when the main support shoes of the main support device 142 are separated from the inner wall of the tunnel for stepping, the front support shoes 1411 and the rear support shoes 1431 can be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel in advance, thereby preventing the tunnel boring machine 100 from slipping during the stepping of the main support shoes. In addition, by supporting the front support shoes 1411 on the bottom of the tunnel, the friction between the front support shoes 1411 and the bottom of the tunnel can be increased by utilizing the deadweight of the tunnel boring machine 100, thereby further avoiding the risk of slipping of the tunnel boring machine 100.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: It includes a cutter disc, a main beam, a main drive device and a propulsion system, wherein the main drive device is connected between the main beam and the cutter disc, and is used to drive the cutter disc to rotate; The propulsion system comprises a front support device, a main support device, a rear support device and a propulsion cylinder, wherein the front support device, the main support device and the rear support device are all arranged on the main beam, and the propulsion cylinder is hinged between the main drive device and the main support device, and the propulsion cylinder is used to push the cutter head in the excavation direction; The main support device includes a main support shoe, and the main support shoe is configured to be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel when the thrust cylinder pushes the cutter disc to dig, the front support device includes a front support shoe, and the rear support device includes a rear support shoe, the front support shoe and the rear support shoe are used to support the inner wall of the tunnel when the main support shoe is separated from the inner wall of the tunnel, and the front support shoe is configured to be supported on the bottom of the tunnel.

2. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front support device also includes a first telescopic cylinder, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the first end of the first connecting rod and the first end of the second connecting rod are both hinged on the main beam, the second end of the first connecting rod and the second end of the second connecting rod are both connected to the front support shoe, the two ends of the first telescopic cylinder are hinged between the main beam and the first connecting rod, the first telescopic cylinder is configured to drive the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to rotate around the main beam through its own telescopic movement, thereby driving the front support shoe to support or detach from the bottom of the tunnel.

3. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second end of the first connecting rod and the second end of the second connecting rod are both hinged to the front support shoe.

4. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first telescopic oil cylinder, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged on the main beam in sequence and at intervals along the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine.

5. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first connecting rod, the first telescopic oil cylinder and the main beam are arranged to form a triangular structure, and the angle opposite to the first telescopic oil cylinder is an acute angle.

6. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two first connecting rods, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the main beam, a third connecting rod is fixedly connected between the two first connecting rods, and one end of the first telescopic cylinder is hinged to the third connecting rod.

7. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cross section of the first connecting rod is larger than a cross section of the second connecting rod.

8. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rear support device also includes a second telescopic oil cylinder, which is telescopically arranged along the width direction of the tunnel boring machine. The rear support shoes are provided with two, and the two rear support shoes are respectively connected to the two ends of the second telescopic oil cylinder, so that the two rear support shoes can be driven to support or detach from the walls on both sides of the tunnel through the telescopic movement of the second telescopic oil cylinder.

9. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rear support device also includes a support seat, an outer sleeve and two inner sleeves, the support seat is fixed on the main beam, the outer sleeve is fixed on the support seat, the two inner sleeves are slidably sleeved in the outer sleeve, the two inner sleeves are respectively connected between the end of the second telescopic cylinder and the rear support shoe, and the second telescopic cylinder is configured to drive the two inner sleeves to slide reciprocatingly along the outer sleeve, so as to drive the two rear support shoes to support or detach from the walls on both sides of the tunnel through the two inner sleeves.

10. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rear supporting device, the main supporting device and the front supporting device are sequentially arranged on the main beam along the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine.

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