Phase change cold plate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a phase change cold plate which comprises a channel set, an inlet cavity and an outlet cavity, the channel set is sequentially divided into a plurality of main channels through partition pieces, the inlet cavity is communicated with the inlet end of each main channel to distribute flow, and the outlet cavity is communicated with the outlet end of each main channel to converge flow. The partition piece is provided with a partition channel so as to communicate the main channels on the two sides of the partition piece. One or more partition channels on at least one set of adjacent partition pieces are arranged in a staggered mode in the extending direction of the main channel. Pressure imbalance between the main channels caused by desynchrony of bubble nucleation processes of the main channels is eliminated, the flowing and heat exchange stability between the main channels is improved, the development section of a boundary layer is further reduced, fluid disturbance is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The problem that the flowing effect of the partition channels in the phase change cold plate at the main channel is not good can be effectively solved, and the problem that the flowing effect of fluid in the phase change cold plate is not good is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of temperature adjustment, and more specifically to a phase change cold plate. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of electronic technology, the power and integration of power electronic components in data centers, new energy vehicles, aerospace and other fields are getting higher and higher, resulting in higher and higher heat flux density, which in turn makes the requirements for heat dissipation and temperature control higher and higher. The 10℃ (Celsius) rule shows that the reliability of semiconductor devices is closely related to their operating temperature. For every 10℃ increase in operating temperature, their reliability decreases by 50%. Excessive temperature and temperature fluctuations increase the thermal failure rate of semiconductor devices, which in turn affects their performance and operating stability, and reduces their service life. Therefore, effective heat dissipation of power electronic components is the key to improving their reliability and stability.

[0003] For high heat flux, especially heat flux above 100W / cm 2 (Watts per square centimeter) of power electronic components, traditional cooling technologies such as air cooling, heat pipe cooling, single-phase liquid cooling, immersion liquid cooling, etc., have limited cooling capacity, consume a lot of pump power, or have high system complexity, and are unable to cope with the increasingly stringent cooling requirements. Therefore, more efficient cooling technology is urgent to solve the high heat flux cooling problem.

[0004] Compared with air cooling, single-phase liquid cooling and other technologies, flow boiling cooling technology uses latent heat of vaporization to exchange heat. It has the advantages of good heat transfer performance, high temperature uniformity, small required working fluid flow rate, and low power consumption. It is a cooling technology with great application prospects for high heat flux density microelectronic devices.

[0005] In summary, how to effectively solve the problem of poor fluid flow effect inside the phase change cold plate is a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a phase change cold plate, which can effectively solve the problem of poor fluid flow effect inside the phase change cold plate.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A phase change cold plate comprises a channel group, an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber, wherein the channel group is sequentially divided into a plurality of main channels by partitions, the inlet chamber is connected to the inlet ends of each of the main channels for flow diversion, the outlet chamber is connected to the outlet ends of each of the main channels for flow convergence, and a partition channel is provided on the partition to connect the main channels on both sides of the partition; one or more partition channels on at least one group of adjacent partitions are staggered in the extension direction of the main channels.

[0009] During use, if the main channel on one side of the current main channel is a high-pressure channel compared to the current main channel, and the main channel on the other side is a low-pressure channel compared to the current main channel: if the partition channels on both sides of the current main channel are aligned, then the fluid in the high-pressure channel will flow from the aligned partition channels directly across the current main channel to the low-pressure channel, which will cause blockage in the current main channel and poor flow; if the partition channels on one side are staggered, it will make it impossible to directly cross the current main channel. After entering the current main channel, the fluid in the high-pressure channel will flow along the current main channel for a period of time, and then flow to the low-pressure main channel, and the flow direction has been turned, which can well avoid interference, especially for partition channels with smaller cross-sections, the effect is more obvious. If the pressures of the main channels on both sides of the current main channel are relatively high: if the partition channels on both sides of the current main channel are aligned, then the fluids on both sides will be introduced into the current main channel from the aligned partition channels. Due to the small cross-section of the main channel and the problem of liquid tension, it is easy to cause the two fluids to collide and interfere with each other's movement, which not only has a poor pressure relief effect, but also causes the current main channel to be blocked and flow is not smooth; if the partition channels are staggered, the fluids introduced by the partition channels on both sides cannot directly collide. After entering the current main channel, the fluids in the partition channels will flow along the current main channel for a period of time. At the next partition channel, the flow direction has turned and there will be no collision. Interference can be avoided well, especially for partition channels with smaller cross-sections. The effect is more obvious. Through the above analysis, it can be found that staggering the partition channels can avoid the main channels on both sides of the middle main channel from influencing each other and interfering with the normal flow of the fluid in the middle main channel.

[0010] This design not only eliminates the pressure imbalance between the main channels caused by the asynchronous bubble nucleation process in each main channel, and improves the flow and heat transfer stability between the main channels, but also further reduces the development section of the boundary layer, enhances the fluid disturbance, and at the same time ensures the heat transfer area on a certain cross-section on the substrate, avoiding the formation of local hot spots caused by partitions, which is beneficial to increase the heat transfer coefficient and thus increase the critical heat flux density.

[0011] Therefore, the problem of poor flow effect of the partition channel inside the phase change cold plate at the main channel can be effectively solved, so as to effectively solve the problem of poor flow effect of the fluid inside the phase change cold plate.

[0012] In some technical solutions, the partition channels on two adjacent partitions are staggered and arranged one by one; and a plurality of the partition channels are evenly arranged on each partition.

[0013] In some technical solutions, the cross-sectional area of ​​the partition channel is between 0.75 and 1.5 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the main channel; in the extension direction of the main channel, the distance between adjacent partition channels on the partition is between 3 and 10 times the width of the partition channel.

[0014] In some technical schemes, the partition includes a plurality of separately arranged partitions, and the gaps between the partitions form the partition channel; in the extension direction of the main channel, the two end edges of the partitions are arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the extension direction of the main channel; between the adjacent partitions on both sides of any partition, the partition channels are aligned one by one.

[0015] In some technical solutions, a groove structure is provided on the heated side of the main channel, and the depth of the groove structure is lower than the width of the main channel in the corresponding direction.

[0016] In some technical solutions, a plurality of the groove structures are evenly distributed on the heated side of the main channel.

[0017] In some technical solutions, the extending direction of the groove structure is perpendicular to the extending direction of the main channel or is consistent with the extending direction of the main channel; and the cross-section of the groove structure is triangular.

[0018] In some technical solutions, the distribution area of ​​the groove structure is at one end close to the inlet cavity and is arranged inwardly compared to the inlet of the main channel.

[0019] In some technical solutions, the distribution area of ​​the groove structure is at one end close to the inlet cavity, and the distance between it and the entrance of the main channel is not less than the lateral width of the main channel; the fluid-solid coupling surface of the main channel has a boiling nucleation hole.

[0020] In some technical solutions, it includes a plate body integrally formed by metal 3D printing, and the plate body forms the channel group, the inlet cavity and the outlet cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a phase change cold plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a phase change cold plate from another perspective provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another phase change cold plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of another phase change cold plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a phase change cold plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] The following are marked in the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Channel group 1, inlet cavity 2, outlet cavity 3, introduction port 4, outlet port 5, plate body 6;

[0029] Main channel 1-1, partition channel 1-2, partition 1-3, groove structure 1-4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiment of the utility model discloses a phase change cold plate, which can effectively solve the problem of poor flow effect of fluid inside the phase change cold plate.

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a phase change cold plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a phase change cold plate from another perspective provided by an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another phase change cold plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of another phase change cold plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a phase change cold plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] In some embodiments, a phase change cold plate is provided, specifically, it can be a two-phase cooling micro-channel cold plate. The phase change cold plate mainly includes a channel group 1, an inlet chamber 2 and an outlet chamber 3, wherein the channel group 1 is sequentially separated into a plurality of main channels 1-1 by partitions 1-3, the inlet chamber 2 is connected to the inlet end of each main channel 1-1 for diversion, and the outlet chamber 3 is connected to the outlet end of each main channel 1-1 for convergence. The inlet chamber 2 and the outlet chamber 3 can be square cavities, or they can be trapezoidal cavities or triangular cavities, and can be specifically set as needed; they can be gradually widened along the direction of fluid flow, and can be gradually widened along the parallel direction of the main channels 1-1 to facilitate diversion and convergence. Specifically, the inlet chamber 2 can be an inlet buffer chamber, and the outlet chamber 3 can be an outlet buffer chamber.

[0034] In some embodiments, a partition channel 1-2 is provided on the partition 1-3 to connect the main channels 1-1 on both sides of the partition 1-3, or adjacent main channels 1-1 can be transversely connected through the partition channel 1-2 on the partition 1-3 band. It should be noted that generally, each partition 1-3 is provided with a partition channel 1-2, but a partition channel 1-2 may also be provided on some of the partitions 1-3. The size of the partition channel 1-2 can be set as needed, and the cross-section along the through direction may be the same or similar to the cross-section size of the main channel 1-1 along its extension direction. The partition channel 1-2 may be a square or circular through hole or an irregular hole formed on the partition 1-3, or a fracture may be formed on the partition 1-3, at which time the fracture gap forms a partition channel 1-2. Adjacent main channels 1-1 are interconnected through the partition channel 1-2, which plays a buffering role on the liquid. On the one hand, it is beneficial to the fluid communication between channels, so that it has a better flow equalization effect, and on the other hand, it is beneficial to balance the pressure between channels, thereby suppressing flow instability.

[0035] The cross-section of the partition 1-3 along the extension direction of the main channel 1-1 can be rectangular, drum-shaped or concave, and can be specifically set as needed. The main channel 1-1 generally extends along an extension direction of the phase change cold plate, which is generally a longitudinal direction, and each main channel 1-1 is generally arranged in parallel in sequence along another extension direction of the phase change cold plate, which is generally a transverse direction, and the plate surface on one side in the plate thickness direction is the heating surface. The phase change cold plate can be a flat plate, an arc-shaped plate or a curved plate, and its actual shape can be set accordingly according to the actual shape of the heating surface. The partition 1-3 can be a heat-conducting partition or a non-heat-conducting partition, but the plate structure where the heating surface is located should be a heat-conducting plate, so that the heating surface can exchange heat with the liquid in the main channel 1-1.

[0036] In some embodiments, a phase change cold plate is provided, in which one or more partition channels 1-2 are staggered on at least one group of adjacent partitions 1-3, that is, at least one main channel 1-1 has partition channels 1-2 staggered on the partitions 1-3 on both sides thereof, and the staggered arrangement means that at least one partition 1-3 on one side has such a partition channel 1-2, and the partition 1-3 on the other side is aligned with the aforementioned partition channel 1-2 in the extension direction of the main channel 1-1, and no partition channel 1-2 is provided. Specifically, each partition channel 1-2 may be staggered between at least one group of adjacent partitions 1-3; specifically, each group of adjacent partitions 1-3 may be provided with a staggered partition channel 1-2; specifically, each partition 1-3 may have a partition channel 1-2 staggered relative to the adjacent partitions 1-3 on one side or both sides thereof; specifically, it may be arranged as required.

[0037] In some embodiments, if one side main channel 1-1 of the current main channel 1-1 is a high-pressure channel compared to the current main channel 1-1, and the other side main channel 1-1 is a low-pressure channel compared to the current main channel 1-1: if the partition channels 1-2 on both sides of the current main channel 1-1 are aligned, then the fluid in the high-pressure channel will flow from the aligned partition channels 1-2 directly across the current main channel 1-1 to the low-pressure channel, which will cause the current main channel 1-1 to be blocked and the flow to be poor; and if the partition channels 1-2 on one side are staggered, it will make it impossible to directly cross the current main channel 1-1. After entering the current main channel 1-1, the fluid in the high-pressure channel will flow along the current main channel 1-1 for a period of time, and then flow to the low-pressure main channel 1-1, and the flow direction has been turned, which can well avoid interference, especially for the partition channels 1-2 with smaller cross-sections, the effect is more obvious. And if the pressures of the main channels 1-1 on both sides of the current main channel 1-1 are relatively high: if the partition channels 1-2 on both sides of the current main channel 1-1 are aligned, then the fluids on both sides will be introduced into the current main channel 1-1 from the aligned partition channels 1-2 respectively. Due to the small cross-section of the main channel 1-1 and the problem of liquid tension, it is easy to cause the two fluids to collide and interfere with each other's movement, which not only has a poor pressure relief effect, but also causes the current main channel 1-1 to be blocked and the flow to be poor; and if the partition channels 1-2 are staggered, the fluids introduced into the partition channels 1-2 on both sides cannot directly collide. After entering the current main channel 1-1, the fluid in the partition channel 1-2 will flow along the current main channel 1-1 for a period of time. At the next partition channel 1-2, the flow direction has been turned, and there will be no collision, which can well avoid interference, especially for the partition channels 1-2 with smaller cross-sections. The effect is more obvious. Through the above analysis, it can be found that staggering the partition channels 1-2 can avoid the main channels 1-1 on both sides of the middle main channel 1-1 from influencing each other and interfering with the normal flow of the fluid in the middle main channel 1-1.

[0038] Moreover, it not only eliminates the pressure imbalance between the main channels 1-1 caused by the asynchronous bubble nucleation process of each main channel 1-1, improves the flow and heat exchange stability between the main channels 1-1, but also further reduces the development section of the boundary layer, enhances the fluid disturbance, and ensures the heat exchange area on a certain cross-section of the plate structure where the heating surface is located, avoids the formation of local hot spots caused by partition, is conducive to increasing the heat transfer coefficient, and then improves the critical heat flux density.

[0039] This can effectively solve the problem of poor flow effect of the partition channel 1-2 inside the phase change cold plate at the main channel 1-1, thereby effectively solving the problem of poor flow effect of the fluid inside the phase change cold plate.

[0040] In some embodiments, on two adjacent partitions 1-3, each partition channel 1-2 is staggered one by one, that is, the partition channels 1-2 on both sides of at least one main channel 1-1 are staggered one by one, and there is no alignment setting. For example, in the extension direction of the main channel 1-1, the partition channel 1-2 on one side is located in the middle of the adjacent partition channel 1-2 on the other side or is set to one side. Each partition channel 1-2 is staggered one by one to ensure that each partition channel 1-2 is staggered to better avoid interference.

[0041] In some embodiments, a plurality of partition channels 1-2 are evenly arranged on each of the partitions 1-3. Of course, they can also be unevenly arranged along the fluid flow direction, such as along the fluid flow direction, the distance between adjacent partition channels 1-2 on the partition 1-3 gradually increases or decreases. The distances between adjacent channels on different partitions 1-3 can be different or the same.

[0042] In some embodiments, the cross section of the partition channel 1-2 should not be too large or too small, and can be based on the cross section of the main channel 1-1. For example, the cross section of the partition channel 1-2 is between 0.3 and 3 times the cross section of the main channel 1-1, and can be between 0.75 and 1.5 times, such as between 0.9 and 1.1 times, and about 1 times.

[0043] In some embodiments, the distance between adjacent partition channels 1-2 should not be too small or too large, and the cross section of the partition channel 1-2 can also be used as a reference. Specifically, the distance between adjacent partition channels 1-2 on the partition 1-3 in the extension direction of the main channel 1-1 can be between 2 and 15 times the width of the partition channel 1-2, specifically between 3 and 10 times, specifically between 4 and 6 times, such as about 5 times. The width of the partition channel 1-2 refers to the width in the extension direction of the main channel 1-1.

[0044] Similarly, the cross section of the main channel 1-1 on the corresponding side can be used as a reference. Specifically, the distance between adjacent partition channels 1-2 on the partition 1-3 in the extension direction of the main channel 1-1 can be between 2 and 15 times, specifically between 3 and 10 times, and more specifically between 4 and 6 times, such as about 5 times, the lateral width of the main channel 1-1. The lateral width can be the width of multiple main channels 1-1 in parallel.

[0045] In some embodiments, as described above, the partition channel 1-2 can be formed by drilling holes on the partition 1-3. In order to better achieve lateral flow, it is preferred that the partition 1-3 here includes a plurality of separately arranged partitions, and the gaps between adjacent partitions form the partition channel 1-2. Specifically, in the extension direction of the main channel 1-1, the edges at both ends of the partitions can be arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the extension direction of the main channel 1-1. For example, along a lateral direction, the first partition of an odd-numbered column can be the same length as the subsequent partitions, while the first partition of an even-numbered column can be half the length of the subsequent partitions, that is, the first partition of an even-numbered column uses half a plate, and the staggered manner can be similar to the staggered manner of a brick wall.

[0046] In some embodiments, the partition channels 1-2 between the adjacent partitions 1-3 on both sides of any partition 1-3 can be arranged one by one, such as the first partition 1-3, the second partition 1-3, and the third partition 1-3 are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence, wherein the partition channels 1-2 on the first partition 1-3 and the partition channels 1-2 on the third partition 1-3 are arranged one by one in alignment, and the partition channels 1-2 on the first partition 1-3 and the partition channels 1-2 on the third partition 1-3 are staggered one by one with the partition channels 1-2 on the second partition 1-3, so as to have a larger staggered distance.

[0047] In some embodiments, a phase change cold plate is provided, in which a groove structure 1-4 is provided on the heated side of the main channel 1-1, and the groove depth of the groove structure 1-4 is lower than the width of the main channel 1-1 in the corresponding direction. It should be noted that the phase change cold plate can be combined with the partition channel 1-2 in any of the above embodiments, or it can be combined with or not combined with the partition channel 1-2 set in any of the above embodiments, and it can be combined with or not combined with the partition channel 1-2 set staggered.

[0048] By providing the groove structure 1-4, the effective heat exchange area is increased, the fluid disturbance is enhanced, the flow pattern structure is improved, the number of vaporization cores is further increased, the boiling heat transfer is enhanced, and it is beneficial to increase the heat transfer coefficient and the critical heat flux density of flow boiling. It should be noted that the cross section of the groove structure 1-4 is generally much smaller than the cross section of the main channel 1-1, such as the groove depth can be less than one fifth of the width of the main channel 1-1 in the corresponding direction.

[0049] In some embodiments, a plurality of the groove structures 1-4 are evenly distributed on the heated side of the main channel 1-1 in an array arrangement, and the groove width of each groove structure 1-4 may be significantly smaller than the lateral width of the main channel 1-1 to achieve a better disturbance effect.

[0050] In some embodiments, the extending direction of the groove structure 1-4 can be perpendicular to the extending direction of the main channel 1-1 or consistent with the extending direction of the main channel 1-1, and can also be inclined. Specifically, it can be set as needed.

[0051] In some embodiments, the cross section of the groove structures 1-4 can be triangular, or rectangular, trapezoidal, etc. The groove structures 1-4 can be in other structural forms, such as pin-fin structure, corrugated structure, zigzag structure, fractal structure, etc. Specifically, the groove structures 1-4 can be formed by fins, such as fins with a triangular cross section in the extending direction of the groove structures 1-4.

[0052] In some embodiments, the heated side of the main channel 1 - 1 may be provided with a needle-punched structure or other fin structures to better exchange heat with the internal fluid.

[0053] In some embodiments, the distribution area of ​​the groove structure 1-4 can be arranged at one end close to the inlet chamber 2, which is arranged inwardly compared to the inlet of the main channel 1-1. That is, the inlet end of the main channel 1-1 is not designed with the groove structure 1-4, which weakens the boiling of this part and reduces the number of bubbles generated, thereby preventing the micro-channel fin area close to the inlet chamber 2 from being too close to the inlet buffer cavity, causing the bubbles to directly flow back into the inlet buffer cavity, thereby delaying the flow instability.

[0054] In some embodiments, specifically, the distribution area of ​​the groove structure 1-4 can be at an end close to the inlet chamber 2, and the distance between the inlet of the channel is not less than the lateral width of the main channel 1-1, and the former can be between 1.2 times and 1.7 times of the latter, so as to better avoid bubble aggregation.

[0055] In some embodiments, the fluid-solid coupling surface of the main channel 1 - 1 may have boiling nucleation holes.

[0056] In some embodiments, a phase change cold plate is provided, which may include a plate body 6 integrally formed by metal 3D printing, wherein the plate body 6 forms a channel group 1, an inlet cavity 2, and an outlet cavity 3. Compared with traditional machining processes, the metal 3D printing technology has a larger surface roughness of the printed structure, which can increase the number of vaporization cores.

[0057] In some embodiments, the phase change cold plate may also include a cover plate and a bottom plate, and a groove is provided on the bottom plate and / or the cover plate to serve as the channel group 1, the inlet cavity 2 and the outlet cavity 3 respectively, and then the bottom plate and the cover plate are closed to form a sealed channel group 1, the inlet cavity 2 and the outlet cavity 3. At this time, the bottom plate and the cover plate may be connected by welding or screws.

[0058] In some embodiments, at least one side of the phase change cold plate is a heated surface to be close to the heat source, and of course both sides of the plate can be heated surfaces. Specifically, one side of the phase change cold plate can be a heated surface, and the other side of the plate is provided with an inlet 4 and an outlet 5, the inlet 4 is connected to the inlet cavity, and the outlet 5 is connected to the outlet cavity, and an extension tube can be formed on the side plate to facilitate external connection.

[0059] In some embodiments, a two-phase cooling micro-channel cold plate is provided, which can be integrally formed by metal 3D printing. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure mainly includes: an inlet 4; an inlet cavity 2; a channel group 1; an outlet cavity 3; and an outlet 5. The channel group 1 can be a micro-channel fin area. The various parts of the phase change cold plate are integrally formed without secondary processing such as welding, and the contact thermal resistance is smaller, and the structure is more solid and reliable.

[0060] The inlet 4 and the outlet 5 are located on the top of the cold plate, away from the heated side, and the fluid enters and exits from the top, which has a better diversion effect.

[0061] The inlet chamber 2 is connected to the introduction port 4, and the inlet chamber 2 is in a trapezoidal shape, so that when the fluid flows into the channel group 1, it can be better divided into each main channel 1-1, thereby improving uniformity. The outlet chamber 3 is connected to the outlet 5, and the outlet chamber 3 is in a trapezoidal shape, so that when the fluid flows out of the main channel 1-1, it can be better transitioned to come out from the outlet 5, thereby reducing the tendency of the fluid to drop suddenly when it flows out of the channel group 1 and the accumulation of bubbles, thereby alleviating the temporary blockage phenomenon in the outlet chamber 3 and improving the flow stability.

[0062] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel of the cold plate is separated by multiple rows of fin groups, a single row of fin groups is the above-mentioned partition 1-3, each row of fin groups includes multiple sections of fins arranged in sequence, the fins are the above-mentioned partitions, and the main channels 1-1 are formed between two adjacent rows of fin groups, and each main channel 1-1 forms a parallel channel group 1. The fins of the single row of fin groups are discontinuous, which makes each main channel 1-1 discontinuous along the fluid flow direction, thereby thinning the boundary layer and facilitating heat exchange; each parallel channel is interconnected, which plays a buffering role on the liquid, which is beneficial to the fluid communication between the channels on the one hand, so as to have a better flow balancing effect, and on the other hand, it is beneficial to balance the pressure between the channels, thereby suppressing flow instability.

[0063] Among them, the fins are arranged in a staggered manner between the two fin groups that enclose the same main channel 1-1 in the channel group 1, so that the partition channels 1-2 are also arranged in a staggered manner. The effect brought about by this design is that the partition channels 1-2 are arranged in a staggered manner perpendicular to the fluid flow direction, which not only eliminates the pressure imbalance between the main channels 1-1 caused by the asynchrony of the bubble nucleation process of each main channel 1-1, improves the flow and heat exchange stability between the main channels 1-1, but also further reduces the development section of the boundary layer, enhances the fluid disturbance, and ensures the heat exchange area on a certain cross section on the substrate, avoiding the formation of local hot spots caused by partitions, which is conducive to increasing the heat transfer coefficient and thus improving the critical heat flux density.

[0064] The cold plate is processed by metal 3D printing integrated molding technology. The fluid-solid coupling surface of the channel group 13 has a greater surface roughness due to the 3D printing process, so the surface has a large number of boiling nucleation holes, thereby enhancing boiling heat transfer.

[0065] At the same time, the bottom of each main channel 1-1 can be designed with different integrated microstructures, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a triangular groove structure 1-4 is integrally formed at the bottom of each channel, which can also be called a micro-groove structure 1-4, and the size of the groove structure 1-4 is much smaller than the channel size. The effect brought by this design is that compared with traditional machining processes, the surface roughness of the printed structure of metal 3D printing technology is larger, and the number of vaporization cores is increased; the design of the triangular micro-groove structure 1-4 increases the effective heat exchange area, strengthens the fluid disturbance, improves the flow structure, further increases the number of vaporization cores, strengthens the boiling heat transfer, and is conducive to increasing the heat transfer coefficient and improving the critical heat flux density of flow boiling.

[0066] In the area near the inlet cavity in the channel group 1, the channel bottom is not designed with groove structures 1-4, such as Figure 4 The effect of this design is that the channel group 1 domain close to the inlet buffer cavity is not designed with microgroove structures 1-4, so that the boiling of this part is weakened and the number of bubbles generated is reduced, thereby preventing the channel group 1 domain close to the inlet buffer cavity from being too close to the inlet buffer cavity so that the bubbles directly flow back into the inlet buffer cavity, thereby delaying the flow instability.

[0067] In some embodiments, the operation process of the phase change cold plate refrigerant is that when the cold plate is working, heat is transferred to the inner surface of the cold plate by heat conduction. Under the action of external driving force, the liquid refrigerant enters the inlet cavity 2 from the inlet port 4, flows into the channel group 1 after buffering and diversion by the inlet cavity 2, flows in each micro-channel, absorbs heat and boils to generate a large number of bubbles, and becomes a two-phase flow. The fluid in each micro-channel gathers in the outlet cavity 3, and under the pressure difference, flows out of the cold plate from the outlet 5 to complete the heat exchange.

[0068] The various technical features of the above embodiments can be combined without changing the basic principle of the present invention. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the various technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be understood to be within the scope of this specification.

[0069] Of course, the various embodiments in this specification are not excluded from being understood as a progressive relationship, and it is not excluded to be understood that each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. Based on this, the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0070] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A phase change cold plate, comprising a channel group, an inlet cavity and an outlet cavity, wherein the channel group is sequentially separated into a plurality of main channels by a partition, the inlet cavity is connected to the inlet end of each main channel for flow diversion, the outlet cavity is connected to the outlet end of each main channel for flow confluence, and a partition channel is provided on the partition to connect the main channels on both sides of the partition; characterized in that: One or more partition channels on at least one group of adjacent partitions are staggered in the extension direction of the main channel.

2. The phase change cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: On two adjacent partitions, the partition channels are staggered one by one; and a plurality of partition channels are evenly arranged on each partition.

3. The phase change cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the partition channel is between 0.75 and 1.5 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the main channel; in the extension direction of the main channel, the distance between adjacent partition channels on the partition is between 3 and 10 times the width of the partition channel.

4. The phase change cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition includes a plurality of separately arranged partitions, and the gaps between the partitions form the partition channel; in the extension direction of the main channel, the two end edges of the partitions are arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the extension direction of the main channel; between the adjacent partitions on both sides of any partition, the partition channels are aligned one by one.

5. The phase change cold plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A groove structure is provided on the heated side of the main channel, and the depth of the groove structure is lower than the width of the main channel in the corresponding direction.

6. The phase change cold plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the groove structures are evenly distributed on the heated side of the main channel.

7. The phase change cold plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extending direction of the groove structure is perpendicular to the extending direction of the main channel or is consistent with the extending direction of the main channel; the cross section of the groove structure is triangular.

8. The phase change cold plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distribution area of ​​the groove structure is located at one end close to the inlet cavity and is arranged inwardly compared to the inlet of the main channel.

9. The phase change cold plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distribution area of ​​the groove structure is at one end close to the inlet cavity, and the distance between the groove structure and the inlet of the main channel is not less than the transverse width of the main channel; the fluid-solid coupling surface of the main channel has a boiling nucleation cavity.

10. The phase change cold plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: It comprises a plate body integrally formed by metal 3D printing, wherein the plate body forms the channel group, the inlet cavity and the outlet cavity.

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