Output shaft, gear box and motor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an output shaft, a gearbox and a motor. The output shaft comprises a rotating shaft, and a clutch prism coaxial with the rotating shaft is arranged on the rotating shaft. The gear is provided with an embedding hole in the axis direction, and the prism for clutch is inserted into the embedding hole; the separation and reunion prism is of a prism structure, and the edge of the separation and reunion prism is arranged to be a separation and reunion cambered surface; the embedding hole is a prismatic through hole; and when the output shaft is overloaded, the clutch cambered surface rotates to extrude the embedding hole to deform the embedding hole, so that the rotating shaft and the gear form sliding. The output shaft is provided with the clutch mechanism unconventionally adopting a friction plate riveting mode, the problems that an existing clutch mechanism slips and loses efficacy, and teeth of a gear are poorly hit are solved, the clutch effect can be achieved when the motor is blocked for multiple times, the probability that the motor or a reduction gear is damaged is reduced, and the installation technology is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of clutch mechanisms, in particular to an output shaft, a gear box and a motor. Background Art

[0002] At present, the output shaft of the plastic gearbox of the common stepper motor is mostly an integrated output shaft or a clutch mechanism with friction setting formed by riveting two friction plates on the output shaft to clamp the gear, such as Fig.14 shown.

[0003] The above two output shafts have the following problems:

[0004] 1. One of the common materials for the integrated output shaft is plastic. When the gear is working, the elastic deformation of the plastic material generates friction to form a clutch mechanism. However, the elastic force of this output shaft is easy to fail. Due to the plastic material, the clutch force will be greatly reduced or even fail after multiple clutches. If it encounters an external force to stall, it will cause the motor to heat up and cause damage.

[0005] 2. The output shaft that adopts riveting method limits the specification of friction torque. The output shaft cannot be used for motors with large output torque. At the same time, the clutch mechanism is not allowed to rotate multiple times (the risk of failure will increase with the increase of times, and generally only about 7 times of friction are allowed). There are many unstable factors, and it is easy to have problems such as excessive clutch force causing teeth to hit or clutch failure causing slippage. Utility Model Content

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an output shaft, a gear box and a motor to address the above technical problems.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the utility model provides an output shaft, comprising:

[0009] A rotating shaft, on which a coaxial clutch prism is provided;

[0010] A gear, wherein the gear is provided with an engaging hole for inserting a clutch prism along the axial direction;

[0011] The clutch prism is a prism structure, and its edges are configured as clutch arc surfaces; the engaging hole is a prism-shaped through hole;

[0012] When the output shaft is overloaded, the clutch arc surface rotates and squeezes the engaging hole to deform it, so that the rotating shaft and the gear form a sliding movement.

[0013] Furthermore, the prism structure includes multiple column side surfaces, and the clutch arc surface is between adjacent column side surfaces; the prismatic through hole includes multiple hole wall surfaces and a transition surface between adjacent hole wall surfaces; after the clutch prism is inserted into the engaging hole, the clutch arc surface is adapted to the transition surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the prism structure is a regular prism structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the hole wall surface of the fitting hole is set as an outwardly convex arc wall surface, and the column side surface of the clutch prism is set as an inwardly concave arc surface, which is matched with the outwardly convex arc wall surface.

[0016] In a second aspect, the utility model provides an output shaft, comprising:

[0017] A rotating shaft, on which a coaxial clutch column is provided;

[0018] A gear, wherein the gear is provided with an engaging hole for inserting the plum blossom column along the axial direction; the engaging hole is a plum blossom-shaped hole;

[0019] When the output shaft is overloaded, the plum blossom column rotates and squeezes the fitting hole to deform it, so that the rotating shaft and the gear slide.

[0020] As a further optimization of the first aspect and the second aspect, the gear is provided with a plurality of deformation air gap spaces around the engaging hole, and the plurality of deformation air gap spaces are equidistantly distributed around the circumference.

[0021] Furthermore, the aperture of the deformation air gap space gradually changes along the axial direction.

[0022] Furthermore, the gear is provided with a coaxial positioning circular hole, and the rotating shaft is provided with a positioning cylinder, which is placed in the positioning circular hole and rotates relative to the positioning circular hole.

[0023] In a third aspect, the utility model further provides a gear box, which includes the above-mentioned output shaft.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, the utility model further provides a motor, which includes the above-mentioned gear box.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The clutch prism on the output shaft provided by the utility model is inserted into the fitting hole on the gear, and the clutch arc surface of the clutch prism squeezes the fitting hole to make it relatively deformed, forming an unconventional clutch mechanism that uses the friction force of the friction plate for output. When the clutch action is needed, the clutch arc surface of the clutch prism squeezes the fitting hole to make it relatively deformed, so that the clutch prism slides circumferentially in the fitting hole, so that the shaft rotates relative to the gear, solving the problems of slippage, failure and bad gear teeth of the existing clutch mechanism. When applied to the gear box of the motor, the clutch action can occur when the motor is locked for many times, ensuring the normal operation of the motor, effectively controlling the defects that are inevitably generated by the original motor due to the process, reducing the probability of damage to the motor or the reduction gear, and increasing the service life of the motor or the reduction gear; when assembling, it is only necessary to install and buckle the shaft and the gear, the installation process is simple, improving the complex production and assembly process of the original motor, and facilitating the adjustment of the clutch force, which is suitable for most motors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the scheme in the utility model, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the output shaft provided in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the output shaft provided in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the output shaft provided in Example 1 of the utility model, in which the fixing member is hidden;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section at AA in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Front view of the middle gear;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the back of the middle gear;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the transfer shaft;

[0035] Figure 8This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the output shaft provided in Example 2 of the utility model, in which the fixing parts are hidden;

[0036] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the floor plan;

[0037] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section at the middle BB;

[0038] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC;

[0039] Fig.12 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the central shaft

[0040] Fig.13 for Figure 8 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the gear in the middle;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the clutch mechanism of the existing output shaft;

[0042] Fig.15 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the output shaft provided in Example 3 of the utility model, in which the fixing parts are hidden;

[0043] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the decomposition of

[0044] Fig.17 A top view of the gear of the output shaft provided in Example 3 of the utility model;

[0045] Fig.18 for Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the cross section at DD in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0048] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0049] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1-7 The embodiment of the utility model provides an output shaft, which includes: a rotating shaft 1 and a gear 2. A coaxial clutch prism 11 is provided on the rotating shaft 1. The clutch prism 11 is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 1. The gear 2 is provided with an engaging hole 21 for inserting the clutch prism 11 along the axial direction. During installation, the rotating shaft 1 is inserted into and passes through the gear 2. A fixing member 3 is provided on the rotating shaft 1 for fixing the gear 2 on the rotating shaft 1. The engaging hole 21 is used for circumferentially positioning the clutch prism 11, and the clutch prism 11 can be deformed relative to the engaging hole 21, so that the rotating shaft 1 rotates circumferentially relative to the gear 2.

[0052] Preferably, please refer to Figure 2 , 7 The clutch prism 11 is a prism structure, which includes a plurality of column side surfaces 111 and clutch arc surfaces 112 between adjacent column side surfaces 111. The prism structure can be a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, etc. For ease of description, this embodiment uses a quadrangular prism, more preferably a regular quadrangular prism, and the side edges of the prism are set as clutch arc surfaces 112. Of course, the clutch prism 11 can also be other structures, as long as the clutch prism 11 includes a clutch arc surface 112 that can form a lock with the fitting hole 21, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2 , 5 6. The fitting hole 21 is a prismatic through hole, which includes a plurality of hole walls 211 and transition surfaces 212 between adjacent hole walls 211. Under normal working conditions, the column side surface 111 corresponds to the hole wall 211 one by one, and the clutch arc surface 112 corresponds to the transition surface 212 one by one. For the convenience of explanation, corresponding to the clutch prism 11 of the regular quadrangular prism with the clutch arc surface 112, the fitting hole 21 in this embodiment is a square through hole with four hole walls 211 and the right angle sides between adjacent hole walls 211 are set as transition surfaces 212.

[0054] The rotating shaft 1 and the gear 2 are both plastic parts. The fitting hole 21 opened on the gear 2 has a certain plastic elasticity, and cooperates with the clutch prism 11 with a clutch arc surface 112 and a prism structure. The clutch arc surface 112 can rotate with the elastic fitting hole 21. When the torque is too large, the clutch arc surface 112 squeezes the fitting hole 21 to deform it, changing the size of the fitting hole 21, so that the clutch prism 11 slides circumferentially relative to each other, which can effectively solve the stalling phenomenon.

[0055] like Figure 1-7 As shown, further optimized, the gear 2 is provided with multiple deformation air gap spaces 22 around the fitting hole 21, such as two, three, four or more, and the multiple deformation air gap spaces 22 are equidistantly distributed around the circumference. Preferably, the number of deformation air gap spaces 22 is consistent with the number of clutch arc surfaces 112.

[0056] The cross-sectional shape of the deformable air gap space 22 is square, trapezoidal, elliptical, semi-elliptical, shuttle-shaped, semi-shuttle-shaped, crescent-shaped, etc. Of course, other shapes are within the protection scope of this example. The length and width of the deformable air gap space 22 can be adjusted between 1.0-3.0mm and 0.4-0.8mm, specifically according to the size of the clutch force. The size of the rounded corners of the angular structure is also adjusted accordingly according to the size of the deformable air gap space 22.

[0057] A coaxial positioning circular hole 23 is provided on the gear 2, and a positioning cylinder 12 is provided on the rotating shaft 1. After the rotating shaft 1 and the gear 2 are installed, the positioning cylinder 12 is placed in the positioning circular hole 23 and rotates relative to the positioning circular hole 23, playing a positioning role during assembly, and achieving a rapid positioning assembly effect.

[0058] The axial thickness of gear 2 needs to be adjusted according to the motor design requirements, and the adjustment range is between 2.3-3.5mm.

[0059] Through the above-mentioned structural design, an elastic fitting hole 21 and a deformation air gap space 22 are provided on the gear 2. When the rotating shaft 1 and the gear 2 are engaged or disengaged, the deformation air gap space 22 provides a deformation space 22 for the fitting hole 21 to deform, so that the clutch arc surface 112 of the clutch prism 11 squeezes the fitting hole 21 to deform, thereby achieving the circumferential sliding of the rotating shaft 1 in the fitting hole 21 and realizing the clutch action.

[0060] The above-mentioned output shaft is applied to the gear box 2 of the motor. Specifically, the output shaft is installed in the gear box 2 of the motor to form a new gear box 2 structure. The gear box 2 is used in the stepper motor and can be clutched when the motor is stalled multiple times, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the motor. It can effectively control the defects of the original motor that are inevitably caused by the process, reduce the probability of damage to the motor or reduction gear 2, and increase the service life of the motor or reduction gear 2.

[0061] After testing, the above structural design, the utility model adopts a specific structure of the clutch prism 11 and the interlocking hole 21 to form a clutch structure, the gear 2 and the rotating shaft 1 cooperate to rotate and the friction effect can be up to 10-15 times, while the existing clutch structure using the friction plate riveting method can play a friction effect The number of times is no more than 7 times, compared with the existing friction plate riveted clutch structure, the utility model can not only reduce the clutch mechanism assembly production process: it only needs to install and snap the gear 2 and the rotating shaft 1 through the fixing part 3, improving the original motor production assembly process. Complex, and supports multiple stalls and clutch effects, reducing the risk of failure due to increased times, avoiding defects such as tooth hitting due to excessive clutch force or slipping due to clutch failure, reducing the probability of damage to the motor or reduction gear 2, and increasing the service life of the motor or reduction gear 2.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] In the specific implementation, the inventors found that the clutch structure of Example 1, after about 15 clutch times to play the role of stalling, the friction torque decayed from the initial 0.9-1.0kgf.cm to 0.5-0.7kgf.cm, which is difficult to meet the requirement that the friction torque of the output shaft must reach 0.8-1.2kgf.cm after the motor is running stably, and the elastic structure composed of the fitting hole 21 and the deformable air gap space 22 has failed. In order to solve this technical problem, the inventors made the following improvements: the hole wall surface 211 of the fitting hole 21 is set to be an outwardly convex arc wall surface, the aperture of the deformable air gap space 22 gradually changes along the axial direction, and the column side surface 111 of the clutch prism 11 is set to be an inwardly concave arc surface, which is compatible with the outwardly convex arc wall surface, such as Figure 8-13 shown.

[0064] For the sake of convenience, the cross section of the deformable air gap space 22 is designed as a semi-prism, that is, the deformable air gap space 22 is a semi-prism hole, and its aperture gradually changes along the axial direction. It can be understood that the size of the semi-prism hole opening located on one surface of the gear 2 gradually decreases or increases along the axial direction of the gear 2. Preferably, but not limited to this, Fig.10 , 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the aperture of the deformation air gap space 22 gradually decreases from the side away from the positioning circular hole 23 toward the side close to the positioning circular hole 23 .

[0065] After such structural design, the convex setting of the hole wall 211 of the interlocking hole 21, the gradual change of the aperture of the deformation air gap space 22, and the concave setting of the column side surface 111 cooperate with each other to further improve the friction force. When the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the initial friction torque is 1.4-1.7kgf.cm. After rotating 10-15 times, the friction torque can be stabilized in the range of 0.8-0.9kgf.cm, which meets the friction torque of the output shaft after the motor is running stably, which is 0.8-1.2kgf.cm.

[0066] Among them, further, when the rotating shaft 1 is made of metal material, that is, when the clutch prism 11 is made of metal material, the clutch structure of the output shaft of the utility model remains effective after the output shaft rotates forward and backward continuously for 20-25 times.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the clutch prism 11 is replaced by a plum blossom column 13, the fitting hole 21 is replaced by a plum blossom hole 24, and the aperture of the deformation air gap space 22 changes gradually along the axial direction, such as Fig.14 , 15 After such structural design, the clutch force of the plum blossom clutch structure is more stable than that of the prism clutch structure, with an initial friction torque of 1.5-1.7kgf.cm. After 20-25 consecutive forward and reverse rotations, the friction force is stabilized at 0.8-1.2kgf.cm, and the elastic structure does not fail.

[0069] It should be noted that the number of petals of the quincunx column 13 and the quincunx-shaped hole 24 can be set according to actual conditions, such as 4, 5, 6 or more. The number of convex positions of the petals of the quincunx column 13 does not exceed the number of concave positions of the petals of the quincunx-shaped hole 24. Preferably, the number of convex positions of the petals of the quincunx column 13 is consistent with the number of concave positions of the petals of the quincunx-shaped hole 24.

[0070] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0071] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the utility model, rather than all embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the utility model are given in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the utility model. The utility model can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the utility model more thorough and comprehensive. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned specific implementation methods, or to replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the utility model specification and the accompanying drawings, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the scope of patent protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An output shaft, characterized in that: include: A rotating shaft, on which a coaxial clutch prism is provided; A gear, wherein the gear is provided with an engaging hole for inserting a clutch prism along the axial direction; The clutch prism is a prism structure, and its edges are configured as clutch arc surfaces; the engaging hole is a prism-shaped through hole; When the output shaft is overloaded, the clutch arc surface rotates and squeezes the engaging hole to deform it, so that the rotating shaft and the gear form a sliding movement.

2. An output shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism structure includes multiple column side surfaces, and the clutch arc surface is located between adjacent column side surfaces; the prismatic through hole includes multiple hole wall surfaces and a transition surface between adjacent hole wall surfaces; after the clutch prism is inserted into the fitting hole, the clutch arc surface is matched with the transition surface.

3. The output shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism structure is a regular prism structure.

4. The output shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole wall surface of the fitting hole is set as an outwardly convex arc wall surface, and the column side surface of the clutch prism is set as an inwardly concave arc surface, which is matched with the outwardly convex arc wall surface.

5. An output shaft, characterized in that: include: A rotating shaft, on which a coaxial clutch column is provided; A gear, wherein the gear is provided with an engaging hole for inserting the plum blossom column along the axial direction; the engaging hole is a plum blossom-shaped hole; When the output shaft is overloaded, the plum blossom column rotates and squeezes the fitting hole to deform it, so that the rotating shaft and the gear slide.

6. An output shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The gear is provided with a plurality of deformation air gap spaces around the engaging hole, and the plurality of deformation air gap spaces are distributed equidistantly around the circumference.

7. An output shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The aperture of the deformation air gap space gradually changes along the axial direction.

8. An output shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The gear is provided with a coaxial positioning circular hole, and the rotating shaft is provided with a positioning cylinder. The positioning cylinder is placed in the positioning circular hole and rotates relative to the positioning circular hole.

9. A gear box, characterized in that: The gearbox comprises an output shaft as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A motor, characterized in that: The electric motor comprises the gearbox of claim 9.

Images