Laser nozzle and laser cutting machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and discloses a laser nozzle and a laser cutting machine, the laser nozzle comprises a nozzle main body, a nozzle head, a ceramic ring and a lock nut, the nozzle head is connected on the nozzle main body through the ceramic ring, and the lock nut is used for locking the nozzle head on the nozzle main body. A gas inlet channel for conveying cooling gas is formed in the nozzle body, a cooling cavity communicated with the gas inlet channel is formed between the lock nut and the ceramic ring, and a gas outlet is formed in the side, away from the gas inlet channel, of the cooling cavity and faces the nozzle head. According to the laser nozzle provided by the utility model, the nozzle head can be cooled by using the cooling gas, so that the cooling capacity of the laser nozzle can be improved, and the situation that a laser cutting machine cannot work due to over-high temperature of the nozzle head can be reduced, so that the laser cutting machine can continuously work for a long time, and the production efficiency is improved. The laser cutting machine comprising the laser nozzle can achieve long-time continuous operation and is high in production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, in particular to a laser nozzle and a laser cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] The laser cutting machine uses a high-power density laser beam to irradiate the material to be cut, so that the material is quickly heated to the vaporization temperature, evaporated to form holes, and as the beam moves, the holes are expanded into slits to complete the cutting of the material.

[0003] However, the nozzle head of a conventional laser cutting machine usually uses a single water-cooling structure for cooling, and the cooling capacity is limited, so that the laser cutting machine cannot operate continuously for a long time, thereby affecting production efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the above problems need to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a laser nozzle and a laser cutting machine to improve the cooling capacity of the laser nozzle, thereby reducing the situation where the laser cutting machine cannot operate due to excessively high temperature of the nozzle head, so that the laser cutting machine can operate continuously for a long time and improve production efficiency.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A laser nozzle comprises a nozzle body, a nozzle head, a ceramic ring and a lock nut, wherein the nozzle head is connected to the nozzle body through the ceramic ring, and the lock nut is used to lock the nozzle head on the nozzle body. An air inlet for conveying cooling gas is provided on the nozzle body, and a cooling cavity connected to the air inlet is formed between the lock nut and the ceramic ring. An air outlet is provided on a side of the cooling cavity away from the air inlet, and the air outlet is arranged toward the nozzle head.

[0008] Preferably, the air outlet is arranged in a ring shape and around the circumference of the nozzle head.

[0009] Preferably, a partition plate is provided in the cooling chamber, and the partition plate divides the cooling chamber into a homogenizing chamber and a connecting chamber;

[0010] The side of the homogenizing chamber away from the partition plate is communicated with the air inlet, and the side of the communicating chamber away from the partition plate is provided with the air outlet;

[0011] The partition plate is evenly distributed with a plurality of communication holes around the circumference of the ceramic ring, and the homogenization chamber and the communication chamber are connected through the plurality of communication holes.

[0012] Preferably, the partition plate is arranged in an annular shape and is integrally formed on the inner wall of the lock nut, and the partition plate can be sleeved on the ceramic ring and sealedly connected to the ceramic ring.

[0013] Preferably, the ceramic ring comprises an abutment surface, and the abutment surface can abut against a side of the partition plate facing away from the nozzle head.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity of the nozzle head gradually decreases from an end of the communicating cavity away from the nozzle head to an end toward the nozzle head.

[0015] Preferably, the ceramic ring is arranged in a conical shape, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ceramic ring gradually decreases from an end of the ceramic ring close to the nozzle body to an end of the ceramic ring close to the nozzle head.

[0016] Preferably, the lock nut is arranged in a conical shape, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the lock nut gradually decreases from an end of the lock nut close to the nozzle body to an end of the lock nut close to the nozzle head.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of the air inlet passages are provided, and the plurality of the air inlet passages are evenly distributed around the nozzle body.

[0018] Preferably, a laser cutting machine comprises an air supply mechanism and the above-mentioned laser nozzle, wherein the air supply mechanism is configured to supply cooling gas to the air inlet on the laser nozzle.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0020] 1. The laser nozzle provided by the utility model can utilize cooling gas to cool the nozzle head, thereby helping to improve the cooling capacity of the laser nozzle, and further reducing the situation where the laser cutting machine cannot operate due to excessively high nozzle head temperature, so that the laser cutting machine can operate continuously for a long time and improve production efficiency.

[0021] 2. The laser cutting machine provided by the utility model including the above-mentioned laser nozzle can realize long-term continuous operation and has high production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the laser nozzle provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the laser nozzle provided by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lock nut provided by the utility model.

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 1. Nozzle body; 11. Air inlet; 2. Nozzle head; 3. Ceramic ring; 31. Abutment surface; 4. Lock nut; 41. Partition plate; 411. Connecting hole; 5. Cooling chamber; 51. Air outlet; 52. Homogenizing chamber; 53. Connecting chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Before any embodiments of the application are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the application is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the above drawings.

[0028] In this application, the terms "comprises", "includes", "has" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0029] In the present application, the term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, a centrifugal vortex magnetic pump and / or a centrifugal vortex magnetic pump can represent: the existence of a centrifugal vortex magnetic pump alone, the existence of a centrifugal vortex magnetic pump and a centrifugal vortex magnetic pump at the same time, and the existence of a centrifugal vortex magnetic pump alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "and / or" relationship.

[0030] In the present application, the terms "connect", "combine", "couple", and "install" may refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediate piece, and indirect connection refers to two parts or components being connected to at least one intermediate piece respectively, and the two parts or components being connected via the intermediate piece. In addition, "connect" and "couple" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, and may include electrical connections or couplings.

[0031] In the present application, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that relative terms (e.g., "about," "approximately," "substantially," etc.) used in conjunction with quantities or conditions include the values ​​and have the meaning indicated by the context. For example, the relative terms include at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a specific value, the tolerances caused by manufacturing, assembly, and use associated with a specific value, and the like. Such terms should also be considered to disclose a range defined by the absolute values ​​of the two endpoints. Relative terms may refer to plus or minus a certain percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value. Numerical values ​​that do not use relative terms should also be disclosed as specific values ​​with tolerances. In addition, "substantially" may refer to plus or minus a certain degree (e.g., 1 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees or more) on the basis of the indicated angle when expressing a relative angular position relationship (e.g., substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular).

[0032] In this application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the function performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0033] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and other directional words are described based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it is also necessary to understand that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "upper" or "lower", it can not only be directly connected to another element "upper" or "lower", but also indirectly connected to another element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional words such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, back side, etc. not only represent the positive orientation, but can also be understood as the lateral orientation. For example, the bottom can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front, and lower back, etc.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment provides a laser nozzle, which includes a nozzle body 1, a nozzle head 2, a ceramic ring 3 and a lock nut 4. The nozzle head 2 is connected to the nozzle body 1 through the ceramic ring 3, and the lock nut 4 is used to lock the nozzle head 2 on the nozzle body 1. It should be noted that the method of assembling the nozzle body 1, the nozzle head 2, the ceramic ring 3 and the lock nut 4 to form a laser nozzle is well known to those skilled in the art, so it is not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0035] In order to improve the cooling effect on the nozzle head 2, an air inlet 11 for conveying cooling gas is provided on the nozzle body 1, and a cooling cavity 5 connected to the air inlet 11 is formed between the lock nut 4 and the ceramic ring 3. A gas outlet 51 is provided on the side of the cooling cavity 5 away from the air inlet 11, and the gas outlet 51 is arranged toward the nozzle head 2. It should be noted that the cooling gas can be any gas in the prior art that can be used for laser cutting operations, such as compressed air, nitrogen, etc.

[0036] In actual application, the cooling gas is first introduced into the air inlet 11, then transported to the cooling chamber 5 through the air inlet 11, and finally sprayed onto the nozzle head 2 through the air outlet 51 of the cooling chamber 5. In this way, the cooling gas can be used to cool the nozzle head 2, thereby helping to improve the cooling capacity of the laser nozzle, thereby reducing the situation where the laser cutting machine cannot operate due to the excessive temperature of the nozzle head 2, so that the laser cutting machine can operate continuously for a long time and improve production efficiency.

[0037] Furthermore, the gas outlet 51 is arranged in a ring shape and around the circumference of the nozzle head 2 to supply cooling gas to the circumference of the nozzle head 2. Such an arrangement enables the circumference of the nozzle head 2 to obtain a consistent cooling effect.

[0038] Furthermore, a partition plate 41 is provided in the cooling chamber 5, and the partition plate 41 divides the cooling chamber 5 into a homogenizing chamber 52 and a connecting chamber 53. The side of the homogenizing chamber 52 away from the partition plate 41 is connected to the air inlet 11, and the side of the connecting chamber 53 away from the partition plate 41 is provided with an outlet 51. A plurality of connecting holes 411 are evenly distributed on the partition plate 41 around the circumference of the ceramic ring 3, and the homogenizing chamber 52 and the connecting chamber 53 are connected through the plurality of connecting holes 411. It can be understood that the cooling gas entering the homogenizing chamber 52 through the air inlet 11 will gradually fill the homogenizing chamber 52, and the cooling gas in the homogenizing chamber 52 will enter the connecting chamber 53 through the plurality of evenly distributed connecting holes 411, so that the amount of cooling gas outputted from each position of the annularly arranged air outlet 51 can be more consistent, and thus the peripheral side of the nozzle head 2 can obtain a more consistent cooling effect. It should be noted that this embodiment does not make specific requirements on the number of connecting holes 411, which can be selected according to the actual application scenario.

[0039] In order to improve the structural strength of the laser nozzle, the partition plate 41 is arranged in an annular shape and is integrally formed on the inner wall of the lock nut 4. The partition plate 41 can be sleeved on the ceramic ring 3 and sealed with the ceramic ring 3. In addition, in order to improve the reliability of the connection between the lock nut 4 and the ceramic ring 3, the ceramic ring 3 includes an abutment surface 31, and the abutment surface 31 can abut against the side of the partition plate 41 away from the nozzle head 2. It should be noted that when assembling the lock nut 4, until the partition plate 41 abuts against the abutment surface 31, it means that the lock nut 4 is assembled to the preset position, which is more convenient for operation.

[0040] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity of the nozzle head 2 gradually decreases from the end of the connecting cavity 53 away from the nozzle head 2 to the end facing the nozzle head 2. Such a configuration can make the flow rate of the cooling gas output through the gas outlet 51 of the connecting cavity 53 faster, so as to improve the cooling effect on the nozzle head 2. Correspondingly, the ceramic ring 3 is configured in a conical shape, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ceramic ring 3 gradually decreases from the end of the ceramic ring 3 close to the nozzle body 1 to the end close to the nozzle head 2. In addition, such a configuration can guide the cooling gas output through the gas outlet 51 to the nozzle head 2.

[0041] Furthermore, the lock nut 4 is arranged in a conical shape, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the lock nut 4 gradually decreases from one end of the lock nut 4 close to the nozzle body 1 to the end of the lock nut 4 close to the nozzle head 2, so that the cavity body of the connecting cavity 53 can be gradually and significantly reduced toward the nozzle head 2, thereby further accelerating the flow rate of the cooling gas output through the air outlet 51 of the connecting cavity 53, so as to further enhance the cooling effect on the nozzle head 2.

[0042] In order to increase the supply of cooling gas, multiple air inlet passages 11 are provided, and the multiple air inlet passages 11 are evenly distributed around the nozzle body 1. In this embodiment, one air inlet passage 11 is provided. Of course, in other embodiments, three, four or more air inlet passages 11 can also be provided.

[0043] This embodiment further provides a laser cutting machine, which includes an air supply cylinder and the above-mentioned laser nozzle, and the air supply mechanism is configured to supply cooling gas to the air inlet 11 on the laser nozzle. It can be understood that the laser cutting machine including the above-mentioned laser nozzle can achieve long-term continuous operation with high production efficiency.

[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser nozzle, comprising a nozzle body (1), a nozzle head (2), a ceramic ring (3) and a lock nut (4), wherein the nozzle head (2) is connected to the nozzle body (1) through the ceramic ring (3), and the lock nut (4) is used to lock the nozzle head (2) on the nozzle body (1), characterized in that: The nozzle body (1) is provided with an air inlet (11) for conveying cooling gas, a cooling cavity (5) connected to the air inlet (11) is formed between the lock nut (4) and the ceramic ring (3), and an air outlet (51) is provided on a side of the cooling cavity (5) away from the air inlet (11), and the air outlet (51) is arranged toward the nozzle head (2).

2. A laser nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet (51) is arranged in a ring shape and is arranged around the circumference of the nozzle head (2).

3. A laser nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A partition plate (41) is provided in the cooling chamber (5), and the partition plate (41) divides the cooling chamber (5) into a homogenizing chamber (52) and a connecting chamber (53); The homogenizing chamber (52) is connected to the air inlet (11) at a side away from the partition plate (41), and the air outlet (51) is provided at a side of the communicating chamber (53) away from the partition plate (41); A plurality of communication holes (411) are evenly distributed on the partition plate (41) around the circumference of the ceramic ring (3), and the homogenization chamber (52) and the communication chamber (53) are connected via the plurality of communication holes (411).

4. A laser nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition plate (41) is arranged in an annular shape and is integrally formed on the inner wall of the lock nut (4); the partition plate (41) can be sleeved on the ceramic ring (3) and is sealedly connected to the ceramic ring (3).

5. A laser nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ceramic ring (3) comprises an abutment surface (31), and the abutment surface (31) is capable of abutting against a side of the partition plate (41) facing away from the nozzle head (2).

6. A laser nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: From one end of the communicating cavity (53) away from the nozzle head (2) to one end facing the nozzle head (2), the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity of the nozzle head (2) gradually decreases.

7. A laser nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ceramic ring (3) is arranged in a conical shape, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ceramic ring (3) gradually decreases from one end of the ceramic ring (3) close to the nozzle body (1) to the other end close to the nozzle head (2).

8. A laser nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lock nut (4) is arranged in a conical shape, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the lock nut (4) gradually decreases from one end of the lock nut (4) close to the nozzle body (1) to one end of the lock nut (4) close to the nozzle head (2).

9. A laser nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the air inlet passages (11) are provided, and the plurality of the air inlet passages (11) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the nozzle body (1).

10. A laser cutting machine, characterized in that: It comprises a gas supply mechanism and a laser nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the gas supply mechanism is configured to supply cooling gas to the gas inlet channel (11) on the laser nozzle.

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