Combined concave grid and harvesting machine
By adopting a combined concave screen in the harvesting machinery, combining the advantages of round steel concave screen and punching concave screen, the problems of high grain crushing rate and too short straw in the prior art are solved, and the effects of efficient threshing and low crushing rate are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421691164.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-16
AI Technical Summary
The existing grid concave plates lead to a high grain crushing rate and too short straw during the threshing process, which cannot meet the needs of users in some areas to retain longer straw.
Combined concave screens are adopted, including round steel concave screens and punched concave screens. The round steel concave screens ensure high separation rate and reduce crushing rate in the early stage of threshing. The punched concave screens are mainly used for separation in the later stage to ensure straw integrity.
The balance between the threshing separation rate and the grain crushing rate is achieved, the grain crushing rate is reduced and the straw crushing is shortened, meeting the users' need to retain longer straws.
Smart Images
Figure CN222814912U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of harvesting machinery, and specifically relates to a combined concave plate screen and a harvesting machinery. Background Art
[0002] The grain breakage rate and threshing separation rate of harvested grains are important criteria for measuring the performance of agricultural harvesters. The breakage rate and separation rate are affected by both external and internal factors: external factors include grain type, grain particle size, and the dryness of crops at harvest, that is, the difficulty of threshing the harvested crops; internal factors are the concave plate structure, drum structure, drum speed, length, etc. of the harvester threshing system, that is, the threshing performance of the threshing system itself.
[0003] Most existing harvesters use grid concave plates, which have high strength and good rigidity. The sieve aperture is generally 40%-80%, and the separation rate is as high as 75%-90%. Generally, when harvesting dry grains, the threshing effect is very good. However, the grid concave plates are too rigid, which will lead to problems such as a large grain breakage rate and too short straw. They cannot meet the requirements of users in some areas. For example, in areas with developed animal husbandry, users usually want to keep longer straw to feed livestock, but the existing grid concave plates will crush the straw and cannot meet the requirements. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a combined concave plate screen and harvesting machinery, which has a higher threshing separation rate and a lower grain breakage rate, can achieve a balance between the separation rate and the breakage rate, optimize the threshing performance, reduce threshing losses, and better meet user requirements.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present application provides, on the one hand, a combined concave plate screen, which includes a round steel concave plate screen and a perforated concave plate screen connected front and back in the axial direction, wherein the round steel concave plate screen includes a plurality of round steels arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the perforated concave plate screen includes a panel extending along the circumferential direction and a plurality of punched holes formed on the panel.
[0006] In some embodiments, the axial length of the perforated concave plate screen is greater than the axial length of the round steel concave plate screen.
[0007] In some embodiments, the round steel concave plate screen further includes reinforcing ribs extending in the circumferential direction and connecting the plurality of round steels; and / or the plurality of punching holes are arranged in a matrix on the panel.
[0008] In some embodiments, the round steel concave plate screen is divided into a plurality of round steel concave plate shaft segments that are sequentially spliced and detachable along the axial direction, each of the round steel concave plate shaft segments is divided into two round steel concave plate units that are spliced and detachable along the circumferential direction, the two round steel concave plate units in any one of the round steel concave plate shaft segments are respectively detachably spliced with the two round steel concave plate units in the adjacent round steel concave plate shaft segments along the axial direction, and the reinforcing ribs are provided in the axial middle part of each of the round steel concave plate units.
[0009] In some embodiments, two axially adjacent round steel concave plate units are detachably connected via a first bolt assembly.
[0010] In some embodiments, two circumferentially adjacent round steel concave plate units are detachably connected via a pin.
[0011] In some embodiments, among the plurality of round steel concave plate units sequentially spliced along the axial direction, two of the round steel concave plate units respectively located at the front end and the rear end in the axial direction are both connected with an articulated structure for articulating with the gap adjustment mechanism.
[0012] In some embodiments, the perforated concave plate screen is divided into a plurality of perforated concave plate shaft segments that are sequentially spliced and detachable along the axial direction, each of the perforated concave plate shaft segments is divided into two perforated concave plate units that are spliced and detachable along the circumferential direction, and the two perforated concave plate units in any one of the perforated concave plate shaft segments are respectively detachably spliced with the two perforated concave plate units in the adjacent perforated concave plate shaft segments along the axial direction.
[0013] In some embodiments, two of the axially adjacent punching concave plate units are detachably connected via a second bolt assembly, and two of the circumferentially adjacent punching concave plate units are detachably connected via a third bolt assembly.
[0014] The second aspect of the present application also provides a harvesting machine, which includes the above-mentioned combined concave plate screen.
[0015] Through the above technical scheme, when the combined concave plate screen of the present application is actually used, the harvested crops will move from front to back along the axial direction of the combined concave plate screen, so when the crops are threshed, they first pass through the round steel concave plate screen and then pass through the perforated concave plate screen. The round steel concave plate screen strikes a balance between rigidity and flexibility, and has both a higher threshing separation rate and a lower grain crushing rate compared to the existing grid concave plate screen. The present application sets the round steel concave plate screen at the front of the entire combined concave plate screen, firstly ensuring a higher threshing separation rate in the early stage of the threshing stage, and minimizing grain crushing and straw crushing and shortening. The perforated concave plate screen has excellent flexibility. Although the threshing effect is poor, it can better ensure the integrity of grains and straws, and the crushing rate is low. Therefore, the present application sets the perforated concave plate screen at the rear of the entire combined concave plate screen, so that it only plays a role in separating grains and straws in the later stage of the threshing stage, and can obtain longer straws, which can especially meet the requirements of users in animal husbandry-developed areas to retain longer straws for feeding livestock. It can be seen that the combined concave plate screen of the present application can take into account both rigidity and flexibility, has a good threshing and separation effect, and can reduce the grain breakage rate, reduce crop damage, and reduce threshing losses, thus having strong adaptability and versatility.
[0016] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:
[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural explosion diagram of a combined concave plate screen in a specific implementation manner of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the round steel concave plate unit in;
[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the punched concave plate unit in .
[0021] Description of Reference Numerals
[0022] 100 Combined concave plate screen
[0023] 10 round steel concave plate screen 20 perforated concave plate screen
[0024] 101 round steel concave plate unit 102 round steel
[0025] 103 Reinforcement rib 201 Punching concave plate unit
[0026] 202 Panel 203 Punching DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.
[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The first exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a combined concave plate screen 100, which includes a round steel concave plate screen 10 and a perforated concave plate screen 20 connected front and back in the axial direction. The round steel concave plate screen 10 includes a plurality of round steels 102 arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the perforated concave plate screen 20 includes a panel 202 extending along the circumferential direction and a plurality of punched holes 203 formed on the panel 202.
[0029] It should be noted that if the existing threshing concave plate has stronger rigidity, its threshing separation rate is higher and the threshing effect is better, but the flexibility will be correspondingly worse, and the grain and straw breakage rate will increase; while if the flexibility is better, the integrity of the grain and straw is better, and the breakage rate is lower, but at the same time, due to the worse rigidity, the threshing separation rate will be reduced and the threshing effect will be worse. It is generally believed in the art that the more edges and corners the concave plate has, the greater the rigidity, and the higher the threshing separation rate.
[0030] When the combined concave plate screen 100 of the present application is actually used, the harvested crops will move from front to back along the axial direction of the combined concave plate screen 100 , so when the crops are threshed, they first pass through the round steel concave plate screen 10 and then pass through the punched concave plate screen 20 .
[0031] The number of edges and corners of the round steel concave plate screen 10 is more than that of the punched concave plate screen 20 and less than that of the existing grid concave plate screen. Therefore, the rigidity of the round steel concave plate screen 10 is greater than that of the punched concave plate screen 20 and less than that of the existing grid concave plate screen, and a balance is achieved between rigidity and flexibility, with both a higher threshing separation rate and a lower grain crushing rate relative to the existing grid concave plate screen. The present application sets the round steel concave plate screen 10 at the front of the entire combined concave plate screen 100, firstly ensuring a higher threshing separation rate in the early stage of the threshing stage, and minimizing grain crushing and straw breaking and shortening.
[0032] The perforated concave screen 20 has excellent flexibility. Although the threshing effect is poor, it can better ensure the integrity of the grains and straws, and the breakage rate is low. Therefore, the present application sets the perforated concave screen 20 at the rear of the entire combined concave screen 100, so that it can only play the role of separating the grains and straws in the later stage of threshing, and can obtain longer straws, which can especially meet the requirements of users in animal husbandry-developed areas to retain longer straws for feeding livestock.
[0033] It can be seen that the combined concave plate screen 100 of the present application can take into account both rigidity and flexibility, has a good threshing and separation effect, can reduce the grain breakage rate, reduce crop damage, reduce threshing losses, and has strong adaptability and versatility.
[0034] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The axial length of the perforated concave plate screen 20 can be set to be greater than the axial length of the round steel concave plate screen 10. In this way, the straw can pass through the round steel concave plate screen 10 and enter the perforated concave plate screen 20 more quickly, reducing the risk of the straw being broken and shortened by the round steel concave plate screen 10. The perforated concave plate screen 20 has a longer length to accommodate long straw, which is conducive to smoothing the straw and improving the ability to separate the straw from the grains.
[0035] In some embodiments, the diameter of the round steel 102 is 5 mm to 20 mm; and / or the linear distance between the central axes of two circumferentially adjacent round steels 102 is 23 mm to 45 mm. For example, the round steel concave plate screen 10 may use round steel 102 with a diameter of 8 mm, and the linear distance between the central axes of two circumferentially adjacent round steels 102 may be set to 26 mm.
[0036] In some embodiments, the round steel concave plate screen 10 further includes reinforcing ribs 103 extending circumferentially and connecting the plurality of round steels 102. By connecting the plurality of round steels 102 with the reinforcing ribs 103, the overall strength of the round steel concave plate screen 10 can be appropriately improved, thereby improving its durability.
[0037] In some embodiments, a plurality of punched holes 203 are arranged in a matrix on the panel 202, which is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of grains and straws.
[0038] In some embodiments, the round steel concave plate screen 10 is divided into a plurality of round steel concave plate shaft segments which are sequentially spliced and detachable along the axial direction, each round steel concave plate shaft segment is divided into two round steel concave plate units 101 which are spliced and detachable along the circumferential direction, the two round steel concave plate units 101 in any round steel concave plate shaft segment are respectively detachably spliced with the two round steel concave plate units 101 in the adjacent round steel concave plate shaft segment along the axial direction, and a reinforcing rib 103 is provided in the axial middle part of each round steel concave plate unit 101.
[0039] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the round steel concave plate screen 10 is designed to be lightweight and modular. By dividing the round steel concave plate screen 10 into a plurality of round steel concave plate units 101, it is convenient to disassemble and replace, adjust the number of round steel concave plate units 101, etc. At the same time, due to the modular design, the overall dimensions of each round steel concave plate unit 101 are the same or substantially the same, and can be used interchangeably, so it can meet the user's self-transformation and secondary development needs for the combined concave plate screen 100, and the plasticity of the combined concave plate screen 100 is stronger than that of the existing concave plate screen.
[0040] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the detachable connection mode between the multiple round steel concave plate units 101. For example, two axially adjacent round steel concave plate units 101 can be detachably connected by a first bolt assembly (not shown in the figure), and two circumferentially adjacent round steel concave plate units 101 can be detachably connected by a pin (not shown in the figure). Structures such as bolt assemblies and pins are easy to produce and apply, and can provide sufficient installation strength, which is conducive to reducing the cost of the combined concave plate screen 100 and improving its reliability and durability.
[0041] In some embodiments, among the multiple round steel concave plate units 101 spliced in sequence along the axial direction, the two round steel concave plate units 101 located at the front end and the rear end in the axial direction are connected with a hinge structure (not shown in the figure), and the hinge structure is used to be hinged with the gap adjustment mechanism in the threshing system, for example, the hinge structure can be a hinged ear plate, etc. The gap adjustment mechanism can drive the combined concave plate screen 100 of the present application to swing up and down to adjust the gap between it and the threshing drum (located above the combined concave plate screen 100) in the threshing system, which saves time and effort and is convenient for adjustment.
[0042] In some embodiments, the perforated concave plate screen 20 is divided into a plurality of perforated concave plate shaft segments that are sequentially spliced and detachable along the axial direction, and each perforated concave plate shaft segment is divided into two perforated concave plate units 201 that are spliced and detachable along the circumferential direction, and the two perforated concave plate units 201 in any perforated concave plate shaft segment are respectively detachably spliced with the two perforated concave plate units 201 in the adjacent perforated concave plate shaft segment along the axial direction.
[0043] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the perforated concave plate screen 20 adopts a lightweight and modular design, and by dividing the perforated concave plate screen 20 into a plurality of perforated concave plate units 201, it is convenient to disassemble and replace, adjust the number of perforated concave plate units 201, etc. At the same time, due to the modular design, the overall dimensions of each perforated concave plate unit 201 are the same or substantially the same, and can be used interchangeably, which can also meet the user's self-transformation and secondary development needs for the combined concave plate screen 100.
[0044] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the detachable connection mode between the multiple punching concave plate units 201. For example, two axially adjacent punching concave plate units 201 may be detachably connected via a second bolt assembly (not shown in the figure), and two circumferentially adjacent punching concave plate units 201 may be detachably connected via a third bolt assembly (not shown in the figure).
[0045] The second exemplary embodiment of the present application further provides a harvesting machine, which includes the above-mentioned combined concave plate screen 100, and therefore also has all the technical effects brought by the combined concave plate screen 100, which will not be repeated here.
[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0047] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0048] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0049] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. Combined concave plate screen, characterized in that: The combined concave plate screen (100) comprises a round steel concave plate screen (10) and a perforated concave plate screen (20) connected front and back in the axial direction, the round steel concave plate screen (10) comprising a plurality of round steels (102) arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the circumferential direction, and the perforated concave plate screen (20) comprising a panel (202) extending in the circumferential direction and a plurality of punched holes (203) formed on the panel (202).
2. The combined concave plate screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial length of the perforated concave plate screen (20) is greater than the axial length of the round steel concave plate screen (10).
3. The combined concave plate screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The round steel concave plate screen (10) further comprises reinforcing ribs (103) extending in the circumferential direction and connecting the plurality of round steels (102); and / or the plurality of punching holes (203) are arranged in a matrix on the panel (202).
4. The combined concave plate screen according to claim 3, characterized in that: The round steel concave plate screen (10) is divided into a plurality of round steel concave plate shaft segments which are sequentially spliced and detachable along the axial direction, each of the round steel concave plate shaft segments is divided into two round steel concave plate units (101) which are spliced and detachable along the circumferential direction, the two round steel concave plate units (101) in any one of the round steel concave plate shaft segments are respectively spliced and detachable along the axial direction with the two round steel concave plate units (101) in the adjacent round steel concave plate shaft segments, and the reinforcing ribs (103) are provided in the axial middle portion of each of the round steel concave plate units (101).
5. The combined concave plate screen according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two axially adjacent round steel concave plate units (101) are detachably connected via a first bolt assembly.
6. The combined concave plate screen according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two adjacent round steel concave plate units (101) along the circumferential direction are detachably connected via a pin shaft.
7. The combined concave plate screen according to claim 4, characterized in that: Among the plurality of round steel concave plate units (101) sequentially spliced along the axial direction, two round steel concave plate units (101) respectively located at the front end and the rear end in the axial direction are both connected with an articulated structure for articulating with a gap adjustment mechanism.
8. The combined concave plate screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforated concave plate screen (20) is divided into a plurality of perforated concave plate shaft segments which are sequentially spliced and detachable along the axial direction, each of the perforated concave plate shaft segments is divided into two perforated concave plate units (201) which are spliced and detachable along the circumferential direction, and the two perforated concave plate units (201) in any one of the perforated concave plate shaft segments are respectively spliced and detachable along the axial direction with the two perforated concave plate units (201) in the adjacent perforated concave plate shaft segments.
9. The combined concave plate screen according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two of the punching concave plate units (201) adjacent to each other in the axial direction are detachably connected via a second bolt assembly, and two of the punching concave plate units (201) adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are detachably connected via a third bolt assembly.
10. A harvesting machine, characterized in that: The harvesting machine comprises the combined concave plate screen (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.