Ureter guiding sheath and ureter pyeloscope system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ureter guiding sheath and a ureter pyeloscope system, the guiding sheath comprises a sheath tube, and the sheath tube is provided with an inner cavity along the axial direction; the sheath tube comprises a first section and a second section in the axial direction, the maximum outer diameter of the first section is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the second section, and the maximum diameter of an inner cavity of the first section is smaller than the minimum diameter of an inner cavity of the second section. The upper urinary tract of a human body comprises a ureter and a kidney, the outer diameter of the ureter of an adult is usually 3-6 mm, the lower urinary tract of the human body comprises a urethra and a bladder, and the outer diameter of the urethra of the adult is usually 7-15 mm. The first section of the sheathing canal is located on the side, opposite to the second section, of the far end of the sheathing canal, during operation, the first section enters the urine feeding section with a smaller cavity, and the second section only enters the urine discharging section. According to the two-section type structure, it is only needed to ensure that the first section meets the requirement of the upper urinary tract, the second section is relatively flexible in arrangement and is not limited by the size of the ureter any more, and therefore the same specification can adapt to more patients, and the universality of the product is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a ureteral guide sheath and a ureteropelvic endoscope system comprising the ureteral guide sheath. Background Art

[0002] Ureteral guide sheaths are used for urological endoscopic examinations and surgeries. They can establish a channel for endoscopes and other surgical instruments or detection equipment to enter the urinary system during urological surgery, thereby protecting the endoscope and other surgical instruments or detection equipment, as well as the ureter when assisting the endoscope, detection equipment or surgical instruments to enter the urinary tract. At the same time, the ureteral guide sheath can also provide a channel for the removal of liquids, blood, tissues, gravel and other substances in the urinary cavity during surgery, making it easier to discharge them out of the body through the guide sheath, thereby improving the effectiveness and safety of examinations and treatments, and significantly reducing ureteral injuries.

[0003] At present, the product specifications of medical devices are usually limited, but there are obvious individual differences among patients. Therefore, for different individuals, the use of devices with limited specifications is prone to cause incompatibility. For example, if the ureteral guide sheath is large, it is not easy to enter the ureter and may cause damage to the ureter; if the ureteral guide sheath is small, although it is easy to enter the ureter, it is too small to easily cause the stones to be difficult to remove, resulting in low surgical efficiency, prolonged operation time, and intraoperative risks for patients. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a ureteral guide sheath and a ureteropelvic endoscope system comprising the ureteral guide sheath, so as to solve the problem that the ureteral guide sheath is difficult to be adapted to a large number of individual patients.

[0005] The utility model provides a ureteral guide sheath, comprising a sheath tube, wherein the sheath tube has an inner cavity along the axial direction; the sheath tube comprises a first section and a second section along the axial direction, the maximum outer diameter of the first section is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the second section, and the maximum diameter length of the inner cavity of the first section is smaller than the minimum diameter length of the inner cavity of the second section.

[0006] Specifically, the maximum outer surface cross-sectional area of ​​the first segment is smaller than the minimum outer surface cross-sectional area of ​​the second segment, and the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the first segment is smaller than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the second segment.

[0007] Specifically, the axial length of the first section is 140 mm to 400 mm; the maximum outer diameter of the first section does not exceed 6 mm; and the minimum outer diameter of the second section is greater than 6 mm.

[0008] Specifically, the size difference between the outer diameter of the first section and the outer diameter of the second section is greater than 2 mm; the size difference between the diameter length of the inner cavity of the first section and the diameter length of the inner cavity of the second section is greater than 2 mm.

[0009] Specifically, the sheath also includes a third section connected between the first section and the second section; the outer surface of the third section connects the outer surface of the first section and the outer surface of the second section, and the inner cavity of the third section communicates with the inner cavity of the first section and the inner cavity of the second section.

[0010] Specifically, the central axis of the first section coincides with the central axis of the second section.

[0011] Specifically, the central axis of the first section is relatively staggered with the central axis of the second section.

[0012] Specifically, the relative spacing between the central axis of the first segment and the central axis of the second segment is greater than 1 mm.

[0013] Specifically, a portion of the outer surface of the second section is flush with a portion of the outer surface of the first section, and another portion of the outer surface of the second section protrudes outward relative to the first section.

[0014] The utility model also provides a ureteropyeloscope system, comprising any one of the ureteral guide sheaths described above.

[0015] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: in the human anatomical structure, the upper urinary tract includes ureters and kidneys, and the outer diameter of adult ureters is usually 3mm to 6mm. The lower urinary tract includes urethra and bladder, and the outer diameter of adult urethra is usually 7mm to 15mm. The first section of the sheath tube of the ureteral guide sheath of the utility model is located on the distal side relative to the second section. During operation, the first section will enter the upper urinary tract section with a smaller cavity through the lower urinary tract section with a larger cavity, and the second section will only enter the lower urinary tract section. The above two-section structure only needs to ensure that the first section meets the requirements of the upper urinary tract. The setting of the second section is relatively flexible and is no longer limited by the size of the ureter. Therefore, the same specification can be adapted to more patients, which improves the versatility of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present utility model, and together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a ureteral guide sheath provided in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle sheath tube;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the inner cavity structure viewed from the proximal end to the distal end;

[0021] Figure 4 For relative Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a sheath tube in another specific embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a sheath tube of a ureteral guide sheath provided in a second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that in the field of interventional medical devices, the proximal end refers to the end closer to the operator, while the distal end refers to the end farther from the operator; the axial direction refers to the direction parallel to the line connecting the distal center and the proximal center of the medical device. The above definitions are only for the convenience of expression and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 to Figure 4 A ureteral guide sheath 1 provided in the first embodiment of the utility model comprises a sheath tube 110 and a sheath tube seat 120 connected to the sheath tube 110 along the axial direction A, wherein the sheath tube 110 has an inner cavity along the axial direction A; the sheath tube 110 comprises a first section 111 and a second section 112 along the axial direction A, the maximum outer diameter of the first section 111 is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the second section 112, and the maximum diameter length of the inner cavity of the first section 111 is smaller than the minimum diameter length of the inner cavity of the second section 112.

[0026] In the human anatomical structure, the upper urinary tract includes ureters and kidneys, and the outer diameter of adult ureters is usually 3mm to 6mm. The lower urinary tract includes urethra and bladder, and the outer diameter of adult urethra is usually 7mm to 15mm. The first section 111 of the sheath tube 110 of the ureteral guide sheath 1 (hereinafter referred to as the guide sheath 1) of the utility model is located on the distal side relative to the second section 112. During operation, the first section 111 will enter the upper urinary tract section with a smaller cavity through the lower urinary tract section with a larger cavity, and the second section 112 will only enter the lower urinary tract section. The above two-section structure only needs to ensure that the first section 111 meets the requirements of the upper urinary tract. The setting of the second section 112 is relatively flexible and is no longer limited by the size of the ureter. Therefore, the same specification can be adapted to more patients, which improves the versatility of the product.

[0027] In addition, because the maximum outer diameter of the first section 111 is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the second section 112, the first section 111 can be easily inserted into the upper urinary tract ureter with a smaller cavity, ensuring the safety of the operation and avoiding damage to the ureter as much as possible. The enlarged inner cavity of the second section 112 is conducive to the effective and rapid extraction of liquid, blood, tissue, gravel and other substances entering the tube, especially the efficiency of the extraction of gravel will not be affected because the gravel and the endoscope share the same cavity, which greatly reduces the operation time. At the same time, the urinary system will not be damaged due to the enlargement of the tube.

[0028] In addition, in the existing operation, due to the narrow lumen of the sheath 110, the operator needs to withdraw the endoscope from the sheath 110 each time to effectively drain out liquids, blood, tissues, gravel and other substances. After the above substances flow out of the sheath 110, the endoscope is introduced to operate. The repeated advancement and withdrawal of the endoscope directly determines the safety and duration of the operation. In the scheme of this embodiment, the lumen of the enlarged second section 112 is such that the endoscope located therein will not affect the outflow of the above substances from the sheath 110. Therefore, during the operation, the endoscope only needs to be withdrawn from the first section 111 to the second section 112, and there is no need to completely withdraw the sheath 110, thereby reducing the time for repeated advancement and withdrawal of the endoscope and improving the efficiency of the operation. Specifically, the conventional length of the existing sheath 110 is 450mm, and the distance of each endoscope withdrawal and advancement is 900mm; in this embodiment, according to the anatomical design of the urinary tract, the sheath 110 is divided into a first section 111 entering the upper urinary tract and a second section 112 entering the lower urinary tract, and the endoscope only needs to be withdrawn to the second section 112 located in the lower urinary tract. In a specific embodiment, the first section 111 entering the upper urinary tract can be designed to be 280mm long according to the length of the ureter, so the distance of each endoscope withdrawal and advancement is only 560mm, which is shortened by 37.8%, greatly improving the surgical efficiency, saving surgical time, and reducing the intraoperative risk of patients.

[0029] Specifically, the first section 111 and the second section 112 are both tubular structures. The axial length of the first section 111 is 140 mm to 400 mm, and the maximum outer diameter of the first section 111 does not exceed 6 mm, which is suitable for extending into the ureter of the upper urinary tract; the minimum outer diameter of the second section 112 is greater than 6 mm, and can be located in the lower urinary tract with a larger cavity, but it is not conducive to extending into the ureter. The above size ranges are all set according to the human anatomical structure, but for specific groups of people, such as women, men or children, multiple specifications can be set. For example, for women, considering that the length of their ureters is about 260 mm, the axial length of the first section 111 can be set to 255 mm, 260 mm, or 265 mm, etc.; and for men, considering that the length of their ureters is about 280 mm, the axial length of the first section 111 can be set to 275 mm, 280 mm, or 285 mm, etc.; children can consider choosing an axial length of 150 mm, 170 mm, or 200 mm, etc., which are not listed here one by one. It should be known that the axial length and diameter length size settings of the first section 111 and the second section 112 are only used as examples and are not limitations of the present invention. Other sizes set according to the teachings of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the transverse section perpendicular to the axial direction A, the outer contour of the tube body of the first section 111 or the second section 112 can be circular or polygonal, and the outer contour of the inner cavity along the axial direction A can be circular or polygonal. In the example in the figure, the outer contours of the tube body and the inner cavity are both circular to reduce the damage to the urinary tract by the sharp parts and ensure the effective discharge of tissue and gravel.

[0031] The first section 111 is usually a tubular structure with a consistent outer contour along the axial direction A, and its outer diameter dimension D11 is the maximum diameter length D11 of the transverse section perpendicular to the axial direction A, and the transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the first section 111 is determined by the outer diameter length; the diameter length D12 of the inner cavity is the maximum diameter length of the transverse section perpendicular to the axial direction A, and the transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the first section 111 is determined by the diameter length D12. For example, when the tube body of the first section 111 is circular, the outer diameter length D11 of the first section 111 is the diameter of the outer surface circle of the tube body, and the transverse cross-sectional area is the area of ​​the outer surface circle; the diameter length D12 of the inner cavity 111a is the diameter of the outer contour circle of the inner cavity, and the transverse cross-sectional area S12 is the area of ​​the outer surface circle.

[0032] The second section 112 is usually a tubular structure with a consistent outer contour along the axial direction A, and its outer diameter dimension D21 is the maximum diameter length D21 of the transverse section perpendicular to the axial direction A, and the transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the second section 112 is determined by the outer diameter length; the diameter length D22 of the inner cavity is the maximum diameter length D22 of the transverse section perpendicular to the axial direction A, and the transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the second section 112 is determined by the diameter length. For example, when the tubular body of the second section 112 is circular, the outer diameter length of the second section 112 is the diameter of the outer surface circle of the tube body, and the transverse cross-sectional area is the area of ​​the outer surface circle; the diameter length D22 of the inner cavity 112a is the diameter of the outer contour circle of the inner cavity, and the transverse cross-sectional area S22 is the area of ​​the outer surface circle.

[0033] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the first section 111 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second section 112, that is, D11 < D21; the transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the first section 111 is smaller than the transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the second section 112. The diameter length of the inner cavity of the first section 111 is smaller than the diameter length of the inner cavity of the second section 112, that is, D12 < D22; the transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the first section 111 is smaller than the transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the second section 112, that is, S12 < S22.

[0034] If the first section 111 or the second section 112 has an inconsistent outer contour along the axial direction A, resulting in inconsistent diameter length distribution along the axial direction A, that is, having multiple outer diameter sizes or multiple transverse cross-sectional areas, the maximum outer diameter of the first section 111 is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the second section 112, and the maximum diameter length of the inner cavity of the first section 111 is smaller than the minimum diameter length of the inner cavity of the second section 112; or, the maximum outer surface cross-sectional area of ​​the first section 111 is smaller than the minimum outer surface cross-sectional area of ​​the second section 112, and the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the first section 111 is smaller than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the second section 112.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, according to the anatomical structure, the size difference between the outer diameter of the first section 111 and the outer diameter of the second section 112 can be set to be greater than 2 mm; the size difference between the inner diameter of the first section 111 and the inner diameter of the second section 112 can be set to be greater than 2 mm. When the morphology of the first section 111 or the second section 112 along the axial length is inconsistent, the maximum size difference between the outer diameter of the first section 111 and the outer diameter of the second section 112 is greater than 2 mm; the maximum size difference between the inner diameter of the first section 111 and the inner diameter of the second section 112 is greater than 2 mm.

[0036] The first section 111 has a central axis A1, and the second section 112 has a central axis A2. The central axis A1 is relatively staggered from the central axis A2, and the relative spacing between the two central axes A1 and A2 is greater than 1 mm. Preferably, a portion of the second section 112 can be flush with a portion of the outer surface of the first section 111, and another portion of the second section 112 protrudes outward relative to the first section 111. The arrangement of the central axes being relatively staggered can form a larger convex space for the second section 112 relative to the first section 111, making it convenient for the endoscope to be accommodated in the convex space when it retracts into the second section 112, further avoiding the influence of the endoscope on the outflow of liquids, bloodstains, tissues, gravel and other substances. It should be known that the convex portion of the second section 112 relative to the first section 111 can be located at the lower side relative to the first section 111, or in other orientations, and its specific orientation setting does not affect the operation of the endoscope.

[0037] The sheath 110 also includes a third section 113 connected between the first section 111 and the second section 112; the outer surface of the third section 113 connects the outer surface of the first section 111 and the outer surface of the second section 112, and the inner cavity of the third section 113 connects the inner cavity of the first section 111 and the inner cavity of the second section 112. That is, the outer diameter of the third section 113 may be between the outer diameters of the first section 111 and the second section 112, and the inner cavity diameter length of the third section 113 may be between the inner cavity diameter lengths of the first section 111 and the second section 112, thereby ensuring a smooth transition between the outer surface and the inner cavity between the first section 111 and the second section 112, and avoiding the formation of sharp objects that may damage the urinary system. For example, for the convex portion of the third section 113 relative to the first section 111, its axial outer surface B1 may be a straight line (see Figure 2 ), or it can be an outward convex arc (see Figure 4 ) to improve the smoothness of the transition.

[0038] See also Figure 5 , which is different from the ureteral guide sheath 1 of the first embodiment, is that the central axis of the first section 211 of the sheath tube 210 of the ureteral guide sheath according to the second embodiment of the utility model coincides with the central axis of the second section 212, and the third section 213 connects the first section 211 and the second section 212, that is, the first section and the second section share a central axis A3. Furthermore, at least one of the first section and the second section can be symmetrical around the central axis A3. With the above structure, the operator can be ensured to flexibly use the ureteral guide sheath.

[0039] The utility model also provides a ureteropyeloscope system, including any of the above-mentioned ureteral guide sheaths. The ureteropyeloscope system may also include at least one of an endoscope, other detection equipment or operating equipment, and the endoscope, other detection equipment or operating equipment is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the guide sheath.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0041] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the utility model, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the utility model described herein.

Claims

1. A ureteral guide sheath, characterized in that: It includes a sheath tube having an inner cavity along the axial direction; the sheath tube includes a first section and a second section along the axial direction, the maximum outer diameter of the first section is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the second section, and the maximum diameter length of the inner cavity of the first section is smaller than the minimum diameter length of the inner cavity of the second section.

2. The ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum outer surface cross-sectional area of ​​the first segment is smaller than the minimum outer surface cross-sectional area of ​​the second segment, and the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the first segment is smaller than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the second segment.

3. The ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial length of the first section is 140 mm to 400 mm; the maximum outer diameter of the first section does not exceed 6 mm; and the minimum outer diameter of the second section is greater than 6 mm.

4. The ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The difference between the outer diameter of the first section and the outer diameter of the second section is greater than 2 mm; the difference between the diameter length of the inner cavity of the first section and the diameter length of the inner cavity of the second section is greater than 2 mm.

5. The ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheath tube also includes a third section connected between the first section and the second section; the outer surface of the third section connects the outer surface of the first section and the outer surface of the second section, and the inner cavity of the third section connects the inner cavity of the first section and the inner cavity of the second section.

6. The ureteral guide sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The central axis of the first section coincides with the central axis of the second section.

7. The ureteral guide sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The central axis of the first section is relatively staggered with the central axis of the second section.

8. The ureteral guide sheath according to claim 7, characterized in that: A relative spacing between a central axis of the first segment and a central axis of the second segment is greater than 1 mm.

9. The ureteral guide sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A portion of the outer surface of the second section is flush with a portion of the outer surface of the first section, and another portion of the outer surface of the second section protrudes outward relative to the first section.

10. A ureteropyeloscope system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the ureteral guide sheath as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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