Supporting structure for assisting blasting of chamber

Abstract

The utility model provides a supporting structure for assisting blasting of a chamber. The chamber is arranged on one side of a roadway and located in a solid coal side area below a solid coal seam. The supporting structure comprises a roadway supporting structure; the roadway supporting structure comprises a constant-resistance anchor cable; the multiple supporting columns are additionally arranged in the axial direction of the roadway and evenly arranged in the middle of the roadway; the multiple rows of supporting columns are arranged in parallel and correspondingly. And the chamber supporting structure comprises concrete walls, and the concrete walls are arranged on the two sides of the chamber correspondingly and used for reinforcing the chamber. The utility model provides a supporting structure for assisting blasting of a chamber, and particularly aims at a solid coal side excavation chamber of gob-side entry retaining, and can ensure controllable deformation of surrounding rocks in a working face stoping process of a roadway, ensure the stability of the surrounding rocks of the roadway and improve the blasting efficiency of the roadway. And the roadway surrounding rock can be monitored in real time through a pressure monitoring device and a displacement monitoring device of the device, so that the safety of the roadway is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal mine and underground engineering support, and specifically relates to a support structure for assisting chamber blasting. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional coal excavation method, when a working face is excavated, a coal pillar with a certain width is usually left behind, and this coal pillar will often be abandoned in the end. For today's construction of a resource-saving society, this is a huge waste. In order to eliminate the waste of resources caused by the remaining coal pillars, short-arm beams can be used to leave lanes along the goaf to solve this serious problem. Through specific means, the mine pressure and lane deformation are reduced, and the utilization rate of coal resources is effectively improved.

[0003] In the existing coal mine production activities, in order to provide underground production personnel with a reliable and safe place to take shelter and meet the requirements of underground vehicle transportation, it is usually necessary to excavate a chamber on the non-mining side of the tunnel. Under normal circumstances, in order to ensure the safety of the chamber, the chamber needs to be excavated before the working face is excavated. In this case, only simple roof support is required. However, in the short-arm beam gob-side tunnel, one side is a gravel wall, which is formed by gravel and shrinkable U-shaped retaining gangue, and the other side is solid coal as the wall of the tunnel. In the process of forming the tunnel, the tunnel roof takes the solid coal as the rotation center and the gravel wall as the end, rotating and sinking downward, and finally relying on the gravel wall, the roof support structure and the solid coal wall to support the tunnel to form a stable structure. In this case, the solid coal wall will produce more serious stress concentration, and the gravel wall cannot bear more serious roof pressure. Therefore, if the conventional method is used to excavate the chamber on the solid coal wall, it may cause the roof to be unstable, thereby affecting the safe use of the short-arm beam tunnel.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an improved technical solution to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a support structure for auxiliary chamber blasting, especially for the side excavation of solid coal in the goaf with tunnels left along the ground. It can ensure that the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is controllable during the mining process of the working face, ensure the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and monitor the surrounding rock of the tunnel in real time through the pressure monitoring and displacement monitoring devices of the device to ensure the safety of the tunnel.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting, the improvement of which is that: the chamber is arranged on one side of the tunnel and is located in the solid coal seam area below the solid coal seam; the supporting structure comprises a tunnel supporting structure; the tunnel supporting structure comprises:

[0008] Constant resistance anchor cables 7, including NPR anchor cables, are evenly arranged in the surrounding rock of the tunnel along the axial direction and radial direction of the tunnel;

[0009] The support column 8 comprises a single hydraulic support column; the support column 8 is arranged perpendicular to the ground; the bottom of the support column 8 is arranged on the bottom plate of the tunnel; the top of the support column 8 is connected to the top plate of the tunnel; a plurality of the support columns 8 are added along the axial direction of the tunnel and are evenly arranged in the middle of the tunnel; a plurality of rows of the support columns 8 are arranged in parallel and correspondingly;

[0010] The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting also includes a chamber supporting structure, including:

[0011] A concrete wall 5, the height of which corresponds to the height of the chamber, is provided on both sides of the chamber to reinforce the chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the chamber includes a chamber excavation section; the chamber excavation section is perpendicular to the radial section of the tunnel;

[0013] The chamber excavation section includes:

[0014] A blasting hole 13, including a blast hole, is vertically arranged in the excavation section of the chamber; a plurality of the blasting holes 13 are evenly arranged in the lower center of the excavation section of the chamber; the arrangement range of the blasting holes 13 is rectangular;

[0015] A peripheral hole 15 is vertically arranged in the excavation section of the chamber; the peripheral hole 15 includes a plurality of blastholes arranged along the edge of the excavation section of the chamber; the contour of the chamber can be exploded through the peripheral hole 15;

[0016] The auxiliary holes 14 include holes perpendicular to the excavation section of the chamber and extending into the excavation section of the chamber; a plurality of the auxiliary holes 14 are evenly arranged between the blasting holes 13 and the peripheral holes 15.

[0017] Preferably, the chamber comprises a chamber surrounding rock support structure; constant resistance anchor cables 7 evenly arranged on the radial cross section of the chamber and added along the axial direction of the chamber; the constant resistance anchor cables 7 are arranged in the chamber surrounding rock.

[0018] Preferably, the tunnel support also includes: a tunnel convergence meter 9, including a displacement sensor; the tunnel convergence meter 9 is arranged on the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor, and is arranged between adjacent support columns 8, for monitoring the movement of the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor.

[0019] Preferably, the chamber support structure further includes: ordinary anchor cables 6, the length of which is greater than the thickness of the concrete wall, passing through the concrete wall, arranged from top to bottom, and arranged in the concrete walls on both sides of the chamber.

[0020] Preferably, the common anchor cable 6 further comprises a steel strand, a tray, and a lock; the steel strand passes through the concrete wall; the tray and the lock are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the concrete wall for fixing the steel strand.

[0021] Preferably, the chamber support structure further includes: a surrounding rock stress monitor 10 , which includes a stress monitoring device and is arranged in the concrete wall 5 to monitor the stability of the concrete wall 5 .

[0022] Preferably, blasting tubes are arranged at four corners of the blasting hole and the peripheral holes; the blasting tube comprises a tubular object; and two rows of multiple through holes parallel to the axial direction of the blasting tube are evenly and oppositely arranged on the tube wall.

[0023] Preferably, each of the support columns 8 is disposed in the middle of two adjacent constant resistance anchor cables 7 in the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0024] Preferably, a support column pressure monitor 11 is provided at the top of each support column 8 .

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Use high-strength NPR anchor cables to support the tunnel roof, which can apply high preload to the roof while providing a certain amount of pressure relief to ensure that the roof can be anchored in a stable rock formation through the NPR anchor cables.

[0027] 2. The use of pre-buried concrete anchor reinforcement structure can effectively improve the supporting strength of the solid coal on both sides of the chamber and the safety during excavation. The pre-buried anchor can also be used to apply pre-tightening force to the concrete support wall to further improve the compressive strength of the support body and reduce lateral deformation.

[0028] 3. The use of constant resistance anchor cables to reinforce the roof of the tunnel around the chamber can ensure the safety of the roof during the excavation of the chamber to a limited extent.

[0029] 4. The tunnel surrounding rock can be monitored in real time through the pressure monitoring and displacement monitoring devices in the tunnel, so that the tunnel status can be monitored at any time, and early warning and advance processing measures can be taken to ensure the safety of the tunnel.

[0030] 5. The use of a new type of blasting tube can release the explosive energy in the direction of the energy-gathering hole, thereby protecting the integrity of the surrounding rock.

[0031] 6. The blasting holes, peripheral holes, and auxiliary holes involved in this application are arranged within a range so as to excavate the chamber by two-dimensional smooth blasting, so that the construction is fast and convenient, and the chamber is well formed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. Among them:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram of the tunnel structure involved in the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view of the chamber structure involved in the utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the chamber and tunnel support structure involved in the utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the chamber support involved in the utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blasting hole arrangement involved in the utility model;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of peripheral holes involved in the utility model;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary hole arrangement involved in the utility model;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the blasting tube structure involved in the utility model;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the chamber before excavation of the chamber involved in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the step excavation and support of the chamber section involved in the utility model;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the chamber involved in the utility model after the chamber excavation is completed;

[0044] Among them, 1. solid coal, 2. tunnel, 3. goaf, 4. chamber, 4-1. width of chamber, 4-2. height of chamber, 4-3. depth of chamber, 4-4. upper step, 4-5. lower step, 4-6. final cross-section of chamber, 5. concrete wall, 6. ordinary anchor cable, 7. constant resistance anchor cable, 8. support column, 9. tunnel convergence instrument, 10. surrounding rock stress monitor, 11. support column pressure monitor, 12. gravel gangway, 13. blasting hole, 14. auxiliary hole, 15. peripheral hole, 16. blasting tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connection" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixed connections or detachable connections; they can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0048] In the traditional coal excavation method, when a working face is excavated, a coal pillar with a certain width is usually left behind, and this coal pillar will often be abandoned in the end. For today's construction of a resource-saving society, this is a huge waste. In order to eliminate the waste of resources caused by the remaining coal pillars, short-arm beams can be used to leave lanes along the goaf to solve this serious problem. Through specific means, the mine pressure and lane deformation are reduced, and the utilization rate of coal resources is effectively improved.

[0049] In the existing coal mine production activities, in order to provide underground production personnel with a reliable and safe place to take shelter and meet the requirements of underground vehicle transportation, it is usually necessary to excavate auxiliary chambers on the non-mining side of the tunnel. Under normal circumstances, in order to ensure the safety of the chamber, the auxiliary chamber needs to be excavated before the working face is excavated. In this case, only simple roof support is required. However, in the short-arm beam gob-side tunnel, one side is a gravel wall, which is formed by gravel and shrinkable U-shaped retaining gangue, and the other side is solid coal as the wall of the tunnel. In the process of forming the tunnel, the tunnel roof takes the solid coal as the rotation center and the gravel wall as the end, rotating and sinking downward, and finally relying on the gravel wall, the roof support structure and the solid coal wall to support the tunnel to form a stable structure. In this case, the solid coal wall will produce more serious stress concentration, and the gravel wall cannot bear more serious roof pressure. Therefore, if the conventional method is used to excavate the chamber on the solid coal wall, it may cause the roof to become unstable, thereby affecting the safe use of the short-arm beam tunnel.

[0050] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a support structure for auxiliary chamber blasting, especially a support structure for auxiliary chamber excavation of cut-top short-wall beam tunnels formed along the goaf, which can ensure that the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is controllable during the mining process of the working face, ensure the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and can monitor the surrounding rock of the tunnel in real time through the pressure monitoring and displacement monitoring devices in the tunnel to ensure the safety of the tunnel.

[0051] The present application relates to a support structure for assisting chamber blasting, the improvement of which is that the chamber is arranged on one side of the tunnel and is located in the solid coal seam area below the solid coal seam. Figure 1 As shown, one side of the tunnel 2 is the goaf 3, and at the junction of the tunnel 2 and the goaf 3 is the tunnel side formed by crushed stone and retractable U-shaped retaining rock, that is, the crushed stone side 12. The chamber 4 involved in the present application is located on the non-mining side of the tunnel 2, at the side of the solid coal 1. Among them, the position parameters of the chamber 4 and the excavation dimensions of the chamber 4 need to be determined according to the construction requirements. Specifically, the excavation dimensions of the chamber 4 include the width 4-1 of the chamber, the height 4-2 of the chamber and the depth 4-3 of the chamber; the position parameters refer to the relative position of the chamber and the tunnel direction required in the design and the relative position of the side of the mining area. Among them, the goaf 3 adopts the coal construction method commonly used in the prior art to carry out working face mining, and the goaf is compacted after mining.

[0052] The supporting structure includes a tunnel supporting structure; the tunnel supporting structure includes:

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the constant resistance anchor cable 7, including the NPR anchor cable, is evenly arranged in the tunnel surrounding rock along the axial and radial directions of the tunnel. Among them, the constant resistance anchor cable 7, the present application adopts the NPR large deformation anchor cable commonly used in the prior art, which is used to control the large deformation of the tunnel roof. The setting spacing of the constant resistance anchor cable 7 is not limited and is subject to the actual construction.

[0054] The support column 8 includes a single hydraulic support column; the support column 8 is arranged perpendicular to the ground; the bottom of the support column 8 is arranged on the bottom plate of the tunnel; the top of the support column 8 is connected to the tunnel roof; a plurality of the support columns 8 are added along the axial direction of the tunnel and are evenly arranged in the middle of the tunnel; a plurality of rows of support columns 8 are arranged in parallel and correspondingly; specifically, the support column 8 includes a single hydraulic support column, a plurality of support columns 8 are perpendicular to the ground and evenly attached to the tunnel surrounding rock along the tunnel excavation direction. In the middle of the tunnel, multiple rows of support columns 8 are designed according to construction requirements, and it is best that the connecting line of the multiple rows of correspondingly arranged support columns 8 is perpendicular to the tunnel axis. The support column 8 adopts a single hydraulic support to support the tunnel roof around the chamber 4, so as to effectively control the rotation and sinking of the high-position roof caused by the short wall beam.

[0055] Preferably, each of the support columns 8 is disposed in the middle of two adjacent constant resistance anchor cables 7 in the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0056] The supporting structure for auxiliary chamber blasting also includes chamber support, including:

[0057] A concrete wall 5, the height of which corresponds to the height of the chamber, is provided on both sides of the chamber to reinforce the chamber.

[0058] Preferably, the chamber support further includes: a common anchor cable 6, the length of which is greater than the thickness of the concrete wall, which passes through the concrete wall, is arranged from top to bottom, and is arranged in the concrete walls on both sides of the chamber. The common anchor cable 6 also includes a steel strand, a tray, and a lock; the steel strand passes through the concrete wall; the tray and the lock are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the concrete wall 5 to fix the steel strand.

[0059] Preferably, the chamber support further comprises: a surrounding rock stress monitor 10, the surrounding rock stress monitor comprising a stress monitoring device, arranged in the concrete wall 5, for monitoring the stability of the concrete wall 5. Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the surrounding rock stress monitor 10 includes a stress monitoring device. By installing the surrounding rock stress monitor 10 in the concrete wall 5, the stress of the concrete wall 5 can be monitored.

[0060] Specifically, in order to enhance the stability of both sides of the chamber, concrete walls 5 are used to reinforce both sides of the chamber, and ordinary anchor cables 6 are used to reinforce the concrete walls; the ordinary anchor cables 6 include steel strands, trays, and locks, wherein the trays and locks are fixed on the outer wall of the concrete wall 5 to fix the steel strands inside the concrete wall 5. Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the height of the concrete wall 5 matches the height of the chamber 4; the width of each concrete wall 5 is approximately equal to 1 / 2 of the width of the chamber 4; the depth of each concrete wall 5 is approximately equal to 1 / 4 of the depth of the chamber 4. Two rows of ordinary anchor cables 6 are arranged on the concrete wall 5 on each side according to the construction requirements. The ordinary anchor cables 6 in the embodiment of the present application are arranged on both sides close to the concrete wall 5.

[0061] When excavating the chamber, first use a drill to drill a hole vertically from the tunnel 2 to the side of the solid coal 1, with a length of 4000mm and a borehole diameter of 48mm. Then use a borehole peep to evaluate the rock crushing in the hole, so as to obtain the extension depth of the plastic zone of the side of the solid coal 1, and design the thickness of the concrete wall according to the extension depth of the plastic zone of the side of the solid coal 1. Then excavate the side of the solid coal 1 according to the design parameters of the concrete wall. After the excavation is completed, use an anchor drill to drill holes at the corresponding positions, and install a common anchor cable 6 with a diameter of 21.8mm and an anchoring agent into the borehole at the same time, so that the common anchor cable 6 reaches the corresponding anchoring force. Then use a PVC plastic pipe with a diameter of 30mm to cover the anchored common anchor cable 6, then install the casting mold, and then cast the concrete, and bury the surrounding rock stress monitor 10. After the concrete curing reaches the strength requirement, the common anchor cable 6 is tensioned so that the preload force of the common anchor cable 6 reaches 180KN.

[0062] Preferably, the chamber includes a chamber excavation section; the chamber excavation section is perpendicular to the radial section of the tunnel;

[0063] The chamber excavation section includes: blasting holes 13, including blast holes, which are vertically arranged in the chamber excavation section. A plurality of blasting holes 13 are evenly arranged in the lower center of the chamber excavation section; the arrangement range of the blasting holes 13 is rectangular. Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, in order to improve the blasting effect, several blast holes with a large amount of charge are first arranged in the lower central part of the excavation section as blast holes 13, which are used to blast a groove cavity on the excavation surface first, creating a new free surface for the subsequent blast holes. The free surface refers to the boundary surface of the free space when the rock and soil body slides, such as the slope surface of the slope, the side wall of the chamber, etc.

[0064] The peripheral holes 15 are vertically arranged in the excavation section of the chamber. The peripheral holes 15 include a plurality of blast holes arranged along the edge of the excavation section of the chamber; the contour of the chamber can be exploded through the peripheral holes 15. Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the peripheral holes are blast holes arranged along the periphery of the chamber, and their function is to blast out a relatively flat chamber contour.

[0065] The auxiliary holes 14 include holes vertically arranged in the excavation section of the chamber and extending into the excavation section of the chamber; a plurality of the auxiliary holes 14 are evenly arranged between the blasting holes 13 and the peripheral holes 15. Specifically, as Figure 7 As shown, the auxiliary hole 14 is located between the blasting hole 13 and the peripheral hole 15, and its function is to expand the slot cavity blasted by the blasting hole 13 and create an open surface for the blasting of the peripheral holes. The present application adopts two-dimensional smooth blasting technology to blast the main rock, and then uses the blastholes on the contour line to blast the protective layer, control the cross-section shaping, provide favorable conditions for the anchor cable support of the chamber, and ensure that the anchor cable of the chamber is close to the rock layer.

[0066] Preferably, blasting tubes are arranged at the four corners of the blasting hole 13 and the peripheral hole 15; the blasting tube 16 comprises a tubular object; and two rows of multiple through holes parallel to the axial direction of the blasting tube are evenly and oppositely arranged on the tube wall. Figure 8 As shown, multiple through holes are arranged in parallel on the wall of the blasting tube as energy-gathering holes, and two rows of energy-gathering holes are arranged symmetrically with the axis. During blasting, the explosive energy can be released in the direction of the energy-gathering holes, thereby protecting the integrity of the surrounding rock of the chamber.

[0067] Preferably, the chamber comprises a chamber surrounding rock support structure; constant resistance anchor cables 7 evenly arranged on the radial cross section of the chamber and added along the axial direction of the chamber; the constant resistance anchor cables 7 are arranged in the chamber surrounding rock.

[0068] Preferably, the tunnel support involved in the present application further includes: a tunnel convergence instrument 9, including a displacement sensor, the tunnel convergence instrument 9 is arranged on the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor, and is arranged between adjacent support columns 8, for monitoring the movement of the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor. Specifically, the tunnel convergence instrument 9, such as Figure 4 As shown, the tunnel convergence instrument 9 includes measuring points arranged on the tunnel floor and the tunnel roof. The tunnel convergence instrument 9 uses laser monitoring technology to monitor the movement of the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor.

[0069] Preferably, a support column pressure monitor 11 is provided at the top of each support column 8. Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a support column pressure monitor 11 (one is indicated in the figure) is provided at the top of each support column 8 for monitoring the supporting force of the support column 8 .

[0070] Among them, the tunnel convergence meter 9, the surrounding rock stress monitor 10, and the support column pressure monitor 11 used in the present application can all be commonly used instruments in the prior art.

[0071] The construction steps of the excavation chamber involved in this application are as follows:

[0072] Step S1, setting the constant resistance anchor cable 7; the constant resistance anchor cable 7 is evenly set in the surrounding rock of the tunnel along the axial direction and radial direction of the tunnel.

[0073] Step S2, determine the size of the chamber excavation and the position parameters of the chamber excavation. The excavation size of the chamber includes the width 4-1 of the chamber, the height 4-2 of the chamber and the depth 4-3 of the chamber. The position parameters of the chamber excavation refer to the relative position of the chamber and the direction of the tunnel and the relative position of the mining side required in the engineering operation.

[0074] Step S3, measuring the loosening zone of the solid coal 1 on both sides of the chamber;

[0075] Step S4, the excavation position of the side chamber of the solid coal 1 is reinforced on both sides. Specifically, concrete combined with pre-buried common anchor cables 6 is used for reinforcement pouring, and constant resistance anchor cables 7 are used to reinforce and support the tunnel roof within 10m on both sides of the chamber.

[0076] Step S5, monitoring the support of the roofs on both sides of the chamber;

[0077] Before the excavation of the chamber, support columns 8 are used to support the roof of the tunnel 2 around the chamber 4. Specifically, before the excavation of the chamber, support columns 8 are used to support the roof of the tunnel within 10m on both sides of the chamber to improve safety. At the same time, an underground real-time monitoring system is used for the roof of the tunnel within 10m on both sides of the chamber to monitor the support pressure of the support columns 8, the surrounding rock stress of the solid coal 1 side, and the vertical convergence of the tunnel.

[0078] Step S6, excavating the auxiliary chamber; the chamber excavation can be performed by selecting one of the following two methods.

[0079] First, the chamber excavation is carried out by smooth blasting. To improve the blasting effect, Figures 5 to 7As shown, several blast holes with a large amount of explosives are first arranged in the lower central part of the excavation section of the chamber as blast holes 13. Their function is to first blast a groove cavity on the excavation surface to create a new free surface for the blasting of subsequent blast holes. Then, an auxiliary hole 14 is drilled. The auxiliary hole is located between the blast hole 13 and the peripheral hole 15. Its function is to expand the groove cavity blasted by the blast hole 13 to create a free surface for the blasting of the peripheral holes. The peripheral holes 15 are blast holes arranged along the periphery of the chamber, and their function is to blast out a relatively flat chamber contour. The two-dimensional smooth blasting technology is used to blast the main rock, and then the blast holes on the contour line are used to blast the protective layer to control the section forming, provide favorable conditions for the constant resistance anchor cable 7 support of the chamber, and ensure that the constant resistance anchor cable 7 of the chamber is close to the rock formation. In order to protect the formation of the chamber and not damage the rock formation, the following method is used when blasting at the four corners of the chamber. Figure 8 The blasting tube 16 shown is used for blasting. The blasting tube 16 is provided with a through hole as an energy-gathering hole, which can release the explosive energy in the direction of the energy-gathering hole during energy-gathering blasting, thereby protecting the integrity of the surrounding rock of the chamber.

[0080] Second, the double-step excavation method is used to excavate the chamber and provide timely support. Figures 9 to 11 As shown in FIG. 1 , the chamber 4 is excavated by the step method. First, the coal body of the upper step 4-4 is excavated along the roof. Then, the excavated roof is supported by the constant resistance anchor cable 7. Then, the coal body of the lower step 4-5 is excavated. During the excavation process, the monitoring data is carefully observed. Finally, the following is formed: Fig.11 The complete excavation section shown is the final chamber section 4-6.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support structure for assisting chamber blasting, characterized in that: The chamber is arranged on one side of the tunnel and is located in the solid coal seam area below the solid coal seam; the support structure includes a tunnel support structure; the tunnel support structure includes: Constant resistance anchor cables (7), including NPR anchor cables, are evenly arranged in the surrounding rock of the tunnel along the axial direction and radial direction of the tunnel; The support column (8) comprises a single hydraulic support column; the support column (8) is arranged perpendicular to the ground; the bottom of the support column (8) is arranged on the bottom plate of the tunnel; the top of the support column (8) is connected to the top plate of the tunnel; a plurality of the support columns (8) are added along the axial direction of the tunnel and are evenly arranged in the middle of the tunnel; a plurality of rows of the support columns (8) are arranged in parallel and correspondingly; The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting also includes a chamber supporting structure, including: A concrete wall (5), the height of the concrete wall (5) corresponds to the height of the chamber, and a concrete wall (5) is respectively arranged on both sides of the chamber to reinforce the chamber.

2. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chamber includes a chamber excavation section; the chamber excavation section is perpendicular to the radial section of the tunnel; The chamber excavation section includes: A blasting hole (13) comprises a blast hole, wherein the blasting hole (13) is vertically arranged in the excavation section of the chamber; a plurality of the blasting holes (13) are evenly arranged in the lower center of the excavation section of the chamber; the arrangement range of the blasting holes (13) is rectangular; A peripheral hole (15) is vertically arranged in the excavation section of the chamber; the peripheral hole (15) includes a plurality of blast holes arranged along the edge of the excavation section of the chamber; the contour of the chamber can be exploded through the peripheral hole (15); The auxiliary holes (14) include holes perpendicular to the chamber excavation section and extending into the chamber excavation section; a plurality of the auxiliary holes (14) are evenly arranged between the blasting holes (13) and the peripheral holes (15).

3. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chamber comprises a chamber surrounding rock support structure; constant resistance anchor cables (7) evenly arranged on the radial cross section of the chamber and added along the axial direction of the chamber; the constant resistance anchor cables (7) are arranged in the chamber surrounding rock.

4. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel support also includes: a tunnel convergence meter (9), including a displacement sensor; the tunnel convergence meter (9) is arranged on the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor, and is arranged between adjacent support columns (8) to monitor the movement of the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor.

5. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chamber support structure further comprises: common anchor cables (6), the length of which is greater than the thickness of the concrete wall, which pass through the concrete wall, are arranged from top to bottom, and are arranged in the concrete walls on both sides of the chamber.

6. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The common anchor cable (6) further comprises a steel strand, a tray and a lock; the steel strand passes through the concrete wall; the tray and the lock are arranged in sequence on the outer wall of the concrete wall to fix the steel strand.

7. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chamber support structure further comprises: a surrounding rock stress monitor (10), which comprises a stress monitoring device and is arranged in the concrete wall (5) to monitor the stability of the concrete wall (5).

8. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: Blasting tubes are arranged at the four corners of the blasting hole and the peripheral holes; the blasting tubes include tubular objects; and two rows of multiple through holes parallel to the axial direction of the blasting tubes are evenly and oppositely arranged on the tube wall.

9. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the support columns (8) is arranged in the middle of two adjacent constant resistance anchor cables (7) in the axial direction of the tunnel.

10. The supporting structure for assisting chamber blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column pressure monitor (11) is arranged at the top end of each support column (8).

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