Vacuum chamber structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vacuum chamber structure. The vacuum chamber structure comprises a support column fixed on the ground; the cavity outer wall is arranged at the top end of the supporting column; a lower end cover is arranged on the lower side of the outer wall of the cavity, an upper end cover is arranged on the upper side of the outer wall of the cavity, and an effective space of the vacuum chamber is formed between the upper end cover and the lower end cover; the upper top cover is arranged at the top end of the outer wall of the cavity; the upper top cover is in sealed connection with the outer wall of the cavity, and when the vacuum chamber is vacuumized, the air pressure in a buffer space between the upper top cover and the upper end cover and / or between the upper top cover and the outer wall of the cavity is smaller than the atmospheric pressure. During vacuumizing, downward pressure borne by the upper end cover of the vacuum chamber mainly comes from gas pressure in the buffer space, and due to the fact that the pressure in the buffer space is smaller than the atmospheric pressure, the pressure borne by the upper end cover is reduced compared with the prior art, the deformation quantity of the upper end cover can be reduced, and then the influence on the effective space of the vacuum chamber is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of tokamak devices, in particular to a vacuum chamber structure. Background Art

[0002] Controlled nuclear fusion energy is an ideal clean energy source in the future. Confined fusion achieves self-sustaining combustion of deuterium and tritium plasma by burning at low density for a long time and maintains this combustion. There are usually three ways to produce nuclear fusion: gravitational field confinement, inertial confinement and magnetic confinement. There are three main types of magnetic confinement fusion devices: tokamaks, stellarators and magnetic mirrors. Among them, tokamaks are the easiest to approach fusion conditions and are developing the fastest. Existing devices such as Figure 4 As shown, the upper and lower ends of the vacuum chamber are horizontal upper and lower end covers. During the process of vacuuming the device, the upper and lower end covers of the vacuum chamber are subjected to increasing inward squeezing force. Since the lower end cover is connected to the ground through a support column, the lower end cover will hardly deform, while the upper end cover is connected to the top crossbeam. Under the action of the force, the upper end cover will deform and sink toward the center of the vacuum chamber. The sinking of the upper end cover toward the center of the vacuum chamber will cause the space occupied by the sunken part to lose its function, and the effective use space of the vacuum chamber will be reduced, thereby affecting the use of the fusion device.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a vacuum chamber structure that reduces the amount of effective space reduction. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a vacuum chamber structure to solve the problem that the pressure generated by vacuuming in the existing vacuum chamber causes large deformation of the upper and lower end covers.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model discloses a vacuum chamber structure, comprising: a support column fixed on the ground; an outer wall of a cavity arranged at the top end of the support column; a lower end cover is arranged at the lower side of the outer wall of the cavity, and an upper end cover is arranged at the upper side, and the effective space of the vacuum chamber is between the upper end cover and the lower end cover; an upper cover is arranged at the top end of the outer wall of the cavity; the upper cover is sealed and connected with the outer wall of the cavity, and when the vacuum chamber is evacuated, the air pressure in the buffer space between the upper cover and the upper end cover and / or the upper cover and the outer wall of the cavity is less than the atmospheric pressure.

[0007] In some embodiments, a vacuum pipe is provided on the upper cover.

[0008] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the cavity is a spherical structure, the lower end cover is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the outer wall of the cavity, and the upper end cover is arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the outer wall of the cavity; the upper end cover is a hollow structure; the lower end cover is a closed structure, which divides the bottom of the outer wall of the cavity into a first balance space; the upper top cover and the outer wall of the cavity form a second balance space; an air passage is connected between the first balance space and the second balance space.

[0009] In some embodiments, the upper cover includes an annular side plate and a circular top plate, the side plate is fixed to the top of the outer wall of the cavity, the top plate is fixed to the top of the side plate and is tangent to the vertex of the outer wall of the cavity; the top plate, side plate and the top of the outer wall of the cavity form a second balance space.

[0010] In some embodiments, an air hole communicating with the effective space is provided on the outer wall of the cavity at the second balancing space.

[0011] In some embodiments, a valve is provided on the gas passage.

[0012] In some embodiments, a crossbeam is erected above the outer wall of the cavity; the crossbeam is connected to the top plate via a longitudinal member.

[0013] In some embodiments, the longitudinal member is connected to the center of the top plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the air holes are circular and have a diameter less than 5 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of elongated holes are formed on the upper end cover.

[0016] In some embodiments, the plurality of elongated holes are arranged centrally and symmetrically along the center of the upper end cover.

[0017] In some embodiments, the air duct is led out from the opening on the side plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0019] The vacuum chamber structure of the utility model is connected to the outer wall of the cavity, and the upper end cover and the lower end cover and other structures surround the effective space of the vacuum chamber, and an upper cover is arranged above the upper end cover, that is, on the outer wall of the cavity, and the upper cover is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the cavity, and a buffer space is formed between the upper end cover and / or the outer wall of the cavity. The gas pressure in the buffer space is less than the atmospheric pressure. When evacuating, the downward pressure on the upper end cover of the vacuum chamber mainly comes from the gas pressure in the buffer space. Since the pressure in the buffer space is less than the atmospheric pressure, the pressure on the upper end cover is reduced compared with the prior art, which can reduce the deformation of the upper end cover and further reduce the impact on the effective space of the vacuum chamber. Further, the upper end cover can evacuate the buffer space by installing a vacuum pipeline, and the buffer space can also be preset to a relative vacuum state, so that when the vacuum chamber is evacuated, the pressure on the upper end cover can be greatly reduced. Even if the upper end cover is deformed by atmospheric pressure, the reduction in the effective space of the vacuum chamber cavity can be reduced due to the existence of the buffer space.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer wall of the cavity as a whole can be set to a spherical structure, which can withstand greater pressure and greatly reduce the deformation; the bottom of the outer wall of the cavity is isolated by the lower end cover to form a first balance space, so that the space above the lower end cover is used as an effective space, and the first balance space is connected to the second balance space above through an air duct. When the outer wall of the cavity is evacuated, the air pressure in the first balance space is reduced synchronously, so that the pressure on the upper and lower sides of the lower end cover is balanced, which not only ensures that the upper and lower end covers are not deformed, but also reduces the reduction in effective space; at the same time, the upper cover fixed on the top of the outer wall of the cavity makes the spherical top of the outer wall of the cavity support the upper cover, so that the upper cover is not easy to sink, and the supporting structure of the upper cover is not easy to be pulled down and deformed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vacuum chamber structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer wall of the cavity of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the original vacuum chamber structure;

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Support column; 2. Outer wall of cavity; 3. Lower end cover; 4. Upper end cover; 401. Long strip hole; 5. Effective space; 6. First balance space; 7. Upper top cover; 71. Upper top cover; 701. Side plate; 702. Top plate; 8. Second balance space; 9. Air hole; 10. Air duct; 11. Crossbeam; 12. Longitudinal member; 13. Valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the utility model, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0028] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate the connection relationship between components, the term should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, it is one of the specific embodiments of a vacuum chamber structure disclosed in the utility model. The vacuum chamber structure includes a cavity outer wall 2. A lower end cover 3 is provided on the lower side of the cavity outer wall 2, and an upper end cover 4 is provided on the upper side, and an effective space 5 of the vacuum chamber is provided between the upper end cover 4 and the lower end cover 3. The vacuum chamber structure also includes an upper cover 7 arranged on the top of the cavity outer wall 2. The upper cover 7 is sealed and connected to the cavity outer wall 2, and when the vacuum chamber is evacuated, the air pressure in the buffer space between the upper cover 7 and the upper end cover 4 and / or the upper cover 7 and the cavity outer wall 2 is less than the atmospheric pressure.

[0031] The vacuum chamber structure, the cavity outer wall 2, the upper end cover 4 and the lower end cover 3 and other structures enclose the effective space 5 of the vacuum chamber. An upper cover 7 is arranged above the upper end cover 4, that is, on the cavity outer wall 3. The upper cover 7 is sealed and connected to the cavity outer wall 2, and a buffer space 71 is formed between the upper end cover 7 and the upper end cover 4 and / or the cavity outer wall 3. The gas pressure in the buffer space 71 is lower than the atmospheric pressure. When evacuating, the downward pressure on the upper end cover 4 of the vacuum chamber mainly comes from the gas pressure in the buffer space 71. Since the pressure of the buffer space 71 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the pressure on the upper end cover 4 is reduced compared with the prior art, which can reduce the deformation of the upper end cover 4, thereby reducing the impact on the effective space of the vacuum chamber.

[0032] In one embodiment, a vacuum evacuation pipeline is provided on the upper cover 7, and a vacuum pump can be connected externally. The vacuum pump evacuates the air to reduce the air pressure in the buffer space 71, so that when the vacuum chamber is evacuated, the pressure on the upper end cover 4 is greatly reduced. Even if the upper cover 7 is deformed by atmospheric pressure, the reduction in the effective space of the vacuum chamber cavity can be reduced due to the existence of the buffer space. In this embodiment, the air pressure in the buffer space 71 can be less than the atmospheric pressure and greater than the air pressure in the vacuum chamber after evacuation.

[0033] In another embodiment, the outer wall 2 of the cavity of the upper cover 7 and the buffer space 71 formed can be preset as a space in a relative vacuum state. The air pressure of the relative vacuum state is lower than that of the atmospheric pressure, and is higher than that of the vacuum chamber. When the vacuum chamber is not evacuated, the upper end cover 4 can be affected to deform upward as much as possible, and when the vacuum is evacuated, a buffer can be formed to reduce the pressure of the upper end cover 4, thereby reducing the deformation of the end cover 4 and reducing the reduction in the effective space of the vacuum chamber cavity.

[0034] like Figure 2-3 Another specific embodiment of a vacuum chamber structure shown includes: a support column 1 fixed on the ground, a cavity outer wall 2 fixed at the top of the support column 1, and a vacuum chamber inside the cavity outer wall 2. The cavity outer wall 2 is a spherical structure. When the interior is evacuated, the spherical structure of the cavity outer wall 2 is subjected to greater pressure and is not easily deformed. A lower end cover 3 is welded and fixed on the lower side of the cavity outer wall 2, and an upper end cover 4 is welded and fixed on the upper side. There is an effective space 5 between the upper end cover 4 and the lower end cover 3. This part is the space actually used, and the effective space 5 should be avoided as much as possible from becoming smaller. The lower end cover 3 serves as the bottom of the effective space 5. The lower end cover 3 is a closed structure, and the bottom of the cavity outer wall 2 is divided into a first balance space 6. Since the lower end cover 3 tends to deform upward when evacuating, the first balance space 6 is used to balance the pressure on the upper and lower sides of the lower end cover 3 to prevent the lower end cover 3 from deforming.

[0035] In order to prevent the effective space 5 from becoming smaller, an upper cover 7 is welded and fixed on the top of the outer wall 2 of the cavity. The upper cover 7 includes an annular side plate 701 and a circular top plate 702. The side plate 701 is welded and fixed on the top of the outer wall 2 of the cavity. The top plate 702 is welded and fixed on the top of the side plate 701 and is tangent to the vertex of the outer wall 2 of the cavity. Since the spherical structure of the outer wall 2 of the cavity is supported at the center of the top plate 702, the center of the top plate 702 is not easy to collapse. The top plate 702, the side plate 701 and the top of the outer wall 2 of the cavity form a second balance space 8, and an air hole 9 connected to the effective space 5 is opened on the outer wall 2 of the cavity at the second balance space 8. Specifically, the air hole 9 is circular and has a diameter of less than 5mm, which can ensure that the second balance space 8 can also reduce the air pressure synchronously when the inner wall 2 of the cavity is evacuated. The first balance space 6 is connected to the second balance space 8 by an air pipe 10, so that the air pressure in the first balance space 6 is also reduced, so that the pressure on the upper and lower sides of the lower end cover 3 is balanced, so that the lower end cover 3 can be guaranteed not to deform.

[0036] In order to fix the outer wall 2 of the cavity, a crossbeam 11 is set above the outer wall 2 of the cavity, and the crossbeam 11 is connected to the top plate 702 through a longitudinal member 12. More specifically, the longitudinal member 12 is connected to the center of the top plate 702. Since the spherical structure of the outer wall 2 of the cavity is supported at the center of the top plate 702, the center of the top plate 702 is not easy to collapse, and it is not easy to pull the crossbeam 11 downward to cause deformation of the crossbeam 11. When the top plate 702 is subjected to excessive pressure, it will first deform at the center without support. When the elastic force generated by the deformation is equal to the pressure, the deformation stops.

[0037] In order to control the on and off of the gas passage 10, a valve 13 is installed on the gas passage 10. The gas passage 10 is led out from the opening on the side plate 701, making the structure more reasonable.

[0038] In order to ensure the communication between the upper and lower sides of the upper end cover 4 , the upper end cover 4 is a hollow structure, and a plurality of long holes 401 are opened on the upper end cover 4 , and the plurality of long holes 401 are arranged symmetrically along the center of the upper end cover 4 .

[0039] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum chamber structure, characterized in that: include A support column (1) fixed to the ground; The outer wall (2) of the cavity is arranged at the top of the support column (1); a lower end cover (3) is arranged at the lower side of the outer wall (2) of the cavity, and an upper end cover (4) is arranged at the upper side; an effective space (5) of the vacuum chamber is between the upper end cover (4) and the lower end cover (3); An upper cover (7) is arranged at the top of the outer wall (2) of the cavity; the upper cover (7) is sealedly connected to the outer wall (2) of the cavity, and when the vacuum chamber is evacuated, the air pressure in the buffer space between the upper cover (7) and the upper end cover (4) and / or the upper cover (7) and the outer wall (2) of the cavity is less than the atmospheric pressure.

2. The vacuum chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover (7) is provided with a vacuum extraction pipeline.

3. The vacuum chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall (2) of the cavity is a spherical structure, the lower end cover (3) is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the outer wall (2) of the cavity, and the upper end cover (4) is arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the outer wall (2) of the cavity; The upper end cover (4) is a hollow structure; the lower end cover (3) is a closed structure, dividing the bottom of the outer wall (2) of the cavity into a first balance space (6); the upper top cover (7) and the outer wall (2) of the cavity form a second balance space (8); and an air passage (10) is connected between the first balance space (6) and the second balance space (8).

4. The vacuum chamber structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper cover (7) comprises an annular side plate (701) and a circular top plate (702); the side plate (701) is fixed to the top of the outer wall (2) of the cavity; the top plate (702) is fixed to the top of the side plate (701) and is tangent to the vertex of the outer wall (2) of the cavity; the top plate (702), the side plate (701) and the top of the outer wall (2) of the cavity form the second balancing space (8).

5. The vacuum chamber structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air hole (9) communicating with the effective space (5) is provided on the outer wall (2) of the cavity at the second balancing space (8).

6. The vacuum chamber structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas passage pipe (10) is provided with a valve (13).

7. The vacuum chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A crossbeam (11) is erected above the outer wall (2) of the cavity; the crossbeam (11) is connected to the upper cover (7) via a longitudinal member (12).

8. The vacuum chamber structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air hole (9) is circular, with a diameter less than 5 mm.

9. The vacuum chamber structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air passage (10) is led out from an opening on the side plate (701).

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