Microwave scintillator system
By designing a microwave scintillator system with a rainproof cover and nanomaterial transmission window, combined with a terahertz receiver and a broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system, the dual-wavelength scintillator method is used in combination with the LAS large-aperture optical scintillator, the problem of mismatch in the measurement scale of the microwave scintillator is solved, and efficient calculation of surface hydrothermal flux and model verification accuracy is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421458056.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing microwave scintillator measurement scales do not match the scales of the surface flux remote sensing estimation model or the land surface process model, and it is difficult to serve as the best ground flux observation instrument for model verification.
A microwave scintillator system is designed, using a rainproof cover and a radome transmission window of nanomaterials, combined with a terahertz receiver, a broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system and a comprehensive data processing system, and is used in combination with a LAS large-aperture optical scintillator through a dual-wavelength scintillator to calculate the average surface water-heat flux in large-scale areas.
The microwave scintillator measurement scale is matched with the surface flux model, which improves the accuracy and reliability of model verification, and can effectively calculate the average surface water and heat flux in large-scale areas.
Smart Images
Figure CN222850187U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of microwave scintillometers, in particular to a microwave scintillometer system. Background Art
[0002] Surface flux, that is, the exchange of momentum, sensible heat and latent heat flux between the surface and the atmosphere, occurs near the ground and is an important parameter for characterizing the underlying surface forcing and its interaction with the atmosphere. Its measurement parameters can be applied to agriculture, meteorology, hydrology, weather forecasting, and energy balance. Microwave scintillometers emit electromagnetic waves of a certain frequency band, propagate in the atmosphere, receive electromagnetic wave signals affected by temperature, humidity and air pressure fluctuations along the electromagnetic wave propagation path, and express them with refractive index structural parameters (Cn2). By calculating the refractive index structural parameters (Cn2), the surface flux data of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux are obtained, which are then used in meteorological and hydrological research.
[0003] Traditional methods for observing heat flux mainly include eddy covariance method, Bowen ratio-energy balance method and aerodynamic method, but their scales are usually only single point or patch scale. The measurement scale of microwave scintillometer can match the surface flux remote sensing estimation model or land surface process model, hydrological model pixel or grid scale, so it becomes the best ground flux observation instrument for model verification. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that the measurement scale of a microwave scintillometer can match the pixel or grid scale of a surface flux remote sensing estimation model or a land surface process model or a hydrological model, thereby becoming the best ground flux observation instrument for model verification, the utility model provides a microwave scintillometer system.
[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme to achieve: a microwave scintillometer system, the scintillometer outer cover adopts a rainproof design, the lower part of the rainproof cover is an antenna cover transmission window, the antenna cover transmission window adopts nano material, an antenna feed line is installed opposite to the inside of the antenna cover transmission window, and the antenna feed line is connected to a terahertz receiver installed on a bottom plate through a waveguide; a temperature control component, an incoherent scintillometer measurement system and a broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system are installed on the outer cover back plate of the scintillometer outer cover, a power supply processing system and an integrated information processing system are respectively installed on two side plates, the model of the terahertz receiver is WR2.2SAX, the model of the temperature control component is XMT5-8011K02, the model of the scintillometer measurement system is DP-EP403, the model of the broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system is E4440A, and the model of the power supply processing system is D298V1.
[0006] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the microwave scintillometer consists of an antenna feed system, a microwave transceiver system, an incoherent radiation measurement system, a broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system, a meteorological element measurement system, a constant temperature control system, a calibration and positioning system and an integrated data processing system.
[0007] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the microwave signal emitted by the microwave scintillometer transmitter is transmitted through the atmosphere over a certain distance (500-1000m), received by the antenna feed line system and outputs a 160.8GHz microwave signal, which is amplified, mixed and filtered by the receiver to output an intermediate frequency signal. The intermediate frequency signal is detected and amplified by the incoherent radiation measurement system to output an analog voltage signal, which is sampled and processed by the high-resolution spectrum processing system with FFT to output a power spectrum density signal, which is then transmitted to the integrated data processing system to complete the observation data processing, storage and result display output.
[0008] The microwave transceiver system model is SD-3240, the meteorological element measurement system model is CAWS600, and the incoherent radiation measurement system uses the HD2402 portable optical radiometer recorder for incoherent light radiation.
[0009] The transmitter of the TK001MWS microwave scintillometer emits electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 160.8GHz. During the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, due to the absorption and scattering of the atmosphere, its light intensity, amplitude and phase will be affected to a certain extent. Among them, the change of intensity is the most important feature, and its change is determined by the violent air fluctuations on the propagation path. The atmospheric refractive index structure parameter (Cn2) is one of the most important parameters to describe the atmospheric fluctuation conditions (turbulence). It is jointly determined by the temperature refractive index structure parameter (CT2), the humidity refractive index structure parameter (Cq2) and the covariate term (CTq) between the two. By using the microwave scintillometer and the LAS large-aperture optical scintillometer at the same time, using the dual-wavelength scintillation method, the functional relationship between Cn2 and CT2, Cq2 and CTq is established. Combined with the Monin Obukhov similarity theory and related meteorological data, the average surface water heat flux on a large-scale area can be calculated, that is, the sensible heat flux H (heat flux transmitted from the ground to the atmosphere due to turbulent motion) and the latent heat flux LE (heat flux transmitted to the atmosphere due to water vapor phase change).
[0010] As a further improvement of the above scheme, part of the surface material of the scintillometer cover is aluminum alloy, which has the characteristics of fast heat dissipation, light weight, good rigidity, certain corrosion resistance and dimensional stability; in addition, the standard parts of the outdoor equipment are made of stainless steel.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0012] 1. The utility model adopts a rainproof design through the scintillator cover, and the antenna cover transmission window adopts nano materials. The surface material of the scintillator cover is aluminum alloy, which has the characteristics of fast heat dissipation, light weight, good rigidity, certain corrosion resistance and dimensional stability; in addition, the standard parts of the outdoor equipment are made of stainless steel.
[0013] 2. The utility model uses a microwave scintillator and a LAS large-aperture optical scintillator at the same time, and utilizes a dual-wavelength scintillation method to establish a functional relationship between Cn2 and CT2, and between Cq2 and CTq. Combining the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory with relevant meteorological data, the average surface water heat flux over a large-scale area can be calculated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the internal structure of the whole machine of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the internal structure of the whole machine of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the emission process of the microwave scintillator of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving part of the microwave scintillator of the utility model.
[0019] Description of main symbols:
[0020] 1. Scintillometer cover; 2. Rain cover; 3. Antenna cover transmission window; 4. Antenna feed line; 5. Terahertz receiver; 6. Temperature control component; 7. Scintillometer measurement system; 8. Broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system; 9. Power supply processing system; 10. Integrated information processing system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.
[0022] Embodiment 1:
[0023] Please combine Figure 1-Figure 5The present embodiment proposes a microwave scintillometer system. The scintillometer housing 1 adopts a rainproof design. Below the rainproof housing 2 is an antenna housing transmission window 3. The antenna housing transmission window 3 is made of nanomaterials. An antenna feed line 4 is installed opposite to the antenna housing transmission window 3. The antenna feed line 4 is connected to a terahertz receiver 5 installed on the bottom plate through a waveguide. A temperature control component 6, an incoherent scintillometer measurement system 7 and a broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system 8 are installed on the back plate of the scintillometer housing 1. A power supply processing system 9 and an integrated information processing system 10 are installed on two side plates respectively. The surface material of the scintillometer cover 1 is aluminum alloy, which has the characteristics of fast heat dissipation, light weight, good rigidity, certain corrosion resistance and dimensional stability; in addition, the standard parts of the outdoor equipment are made of stainless steel, the model of the terahertz receiver 5 is WR2.2SAX, the model of the temperature control component 6 is XMT5-8011K02, the model of the scintillometer measurement system 7 is DP-EP403, the model of the broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system 8 is E4440A, and the model of the power supply processing system 9 is D298V1.
[0024] The microwave scintillometer consists of an antenna feeder system, a microwave transceiver system, an incoherent radiation measurement system, a broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system, a meteorological element measurement system, a constant temperature control system, a calibration and positioning system, and an integrated data processing system. The microwave signal emitted by the microwave scintillometer transmitter is transmitted through the atmosphere over a certain distance (500-1000m), received by the antenna feeder system, and outputs a 160.8GHz microwave signal. After amplification, mixing, and filtering by the receiver, an intermediate frequency signal is output. The intermediate frequency signal is detected and amplified by the incoherent radiation measurement system to output an analog voltage signal. After sampling and FFT processing by the high-resolution spectrum processing system, a power spectrum density signal is output, which is then transmitted to the integrated data processing system to complete the observation data processing, storage, and result display output.
[0025] The microwave transceiver system model is SD-3240, the meteorological element measurement system model is CAWS600, and the incoherent radiation measurement system uses the HD2402 portable optical radiometer recorder for incoherent light radiation.
[0026] The transmitter of the microwave scintillator emits electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 160.8GHz. During the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, due to the absorption and scattering of the atmosphere, its light intensity, amplitude and phase will be affected to a certain extent. Among them, the change of intensity is the most important feature, and its change is determined by the violent air fluctuations on the propagation path. The atmospheric refractive index structure parameter (Cn2) is one of the most important parameters to describe the atmospheric fluctuation conditions (turbulence). It is jointly determined by the temperature refractive index structure parameter (CT2), the humidity refractive index structure parameter (Cq2) and the covariate term (CTq) between the two. By using the microwave scintillator and the LAS large-aperture optical scintillator at the same time, using the dual-wavelength scintillation method, the functional relationship between Cn2 and CT2, Cq2 and CTq is established. Combined with the Monin Obukhov similarity theory and related meteorological data, the average surface water heat flux on a large-scale area can be calculated, that is, the sensible heat flux H (heat flux transmitted from the ground to the atmosphere due to turbulent motion) and the latent heat flux LE (heat flux transmitted to the atmosphere due to water vapor phase change).
[0027] Specific implementation of the utility model:
[0028] The transmitter of the microwave scintillator emits electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 160.8GHz. During the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, due to the absorption and scattering of the atmosphere, its light intensity, amplitude and phase will be affected to a certain extent. Among them, the change of intensity is the most important feature, and its change is determined by the violent air fluctuations on the propagation path. The atmospheric refractive index structure parameter (Cn2) is one of the most important parameters to describe the atmospheric fluctuation conditions (turbulence). It is jointly determined by the temperature refractive index structure parameter (CT2), the humidity refractive index structure parameter (Cq2) and the covariate term (CTq) between the two. By using the microwave scintillator and the LAS large-aperture optical scintillator at the same time, using the dual-wavelength scintillation method, the functional relationship between Cn2 and CT2, Cq2 and CTq is established. Combined with the Monin Obukhov similarity theory and related meteorological data, the average surface water heat flux on a large-scale area can be calculated, that is, the sensible heat flux H (heat flux transmitted from the ground to the atmosphere due to turbulent motion) and the latent heat flux LE (heat flux transmitted to the atmosphere due to water vapor phase change).
[0029] The above-mentioned implementation modes are only preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims
1. A microwave scintillator system, characterized in that: The scintillometer cover adopts a rainproof design. Below the rainproof cover is the antenna cover transmission window. The antenna cover transmission window is made of nanomaterials. An antenna feed line is installed directly inside the antenna cover transmission window. The antenna feed line is connected to the terahertz receiver installed on the bottom plate through a waveguide. The back plate of the outer cover of the scintillometer cover is installed with a temperature control component, an incoherent scintillometer measurement system and a broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system, and the power supply processing system and the integrated information processing system are installed on the two side panels respectively.
2. A microwave scintillator system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave scintillometer consists of an antenna feed system, a microwave transceiver system, an incoherent radiation measurement system, a broadband high-resolution spectrum processing system, a meteorological element measurement system, a constant temperature control system, a calibration and positioning system, and an integrated data processing system.
3. A microwave scintillator system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave signal emitted by the microwave scintillometer transmitter is received by the antenna feed system and outputs a 160.8GHz microwave signal. After amplification, mixing and filtering by the receiver, the intermediate frequency signal is output. The intermediate frequency signal is detected and amplified by the incoherent radiation measurement system to output an analog voltage signal. After sampling and FFT processing by the high-resolution spectrum processing system, the power spectrum density signal is output, and then transmitted to the integrated data processing system to complete the observation data processing, storage and result display output.