Non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode outer circle machining cutter for electroplating equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode outer circle machining cutter for electroplating equipment. The cutter is a 75-degree hand-grinding cutter made of high-speed steel. The technical problems that in the prior art, the machining difficulty of the outer circle of a non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode is large, and the defects of material deflection, tearing and the like occur in the machining process are solved. The non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode machining device is used for machining a non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode, the conditions of rigid deformation, tearing and the like of a lead-antimony alloy workpiece can be effectively avoided, and the product quality of the non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tool technology for mechanical processing of operating and transporting rotary surfaces, and in particular relates to a tool for processing the outer circle of non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrodes for electroplating equipment on a lathe. Background Art

[0002] Lead-antimony alloy is an alloy material made of lead and antimony, usually containing 70% to 85% lead and 15% to 30% antimony. This alloy has low melting point, high density, good corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and unique physical properties. For example, the hardness of lead-antimony alloy is usually between 60 and 70 HB, and the melting point is usually between 183° and 327°. Lead-antimony alloy is mainly used in the manufacture of radiation protection materials, storage tanks in the chemical industry, aerospace, and positive and negative electrodes of electroplating equipment.

[0003] In electroplating equipment, due to the diversity of electroplating products and the special nature of the equipment, the external dimensions of lead-antimony alloy electrodes change. The production of lead-antimony alloy electrodes is mainly based on a variety of process methods such as casting, forging, rolling, and drawing. However, due to the limitations of molds and the high manufacturing cost, it is impossible to cover all lead-antimony alloy electrode products. Therefore, in order to produce non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode products, the outer circle of the electrode can only be processed by casting the blank and using traditional mechanical processing methods. However, due to the special physical and chemical properties of non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode materials, the processing difficulty increases; during the processing, problems such as material deflection and tearing will occur. In this regard, the following improved technical solutions are proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode outer circle processing tool for electroplating equipment, which solves the technical problem that the non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode outer circle processing is difficult under the existing technology, and defects such as material deflection and tearing may occur during the processing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode outer circle machining tool for electroplating equipment, the tool is a 75-degree hand-sharpened tool made of high-speed steel.

[0006] Among the above technical solutions, as the preferred technical solution of the utility model: the tool has a tool body and a tool head; at least the tool head is made of high-speed steel.

[0007] Among the above technical solutions, as the preferred technical solution of the utility model: the cutter head and the cutter body are welded and fixedly connected as one.

[0008] Among the above technical solutions, as the preferred technical solution of the utility model: the rake angle γ of the tool is 13° to 16°, and the rake angle is formed with a rake angle arc of R0.2mm to R0.4mm.

[0009] Among the above technical solutions, as the preferred technical solution of the utility model: the main deflection angle of the tool is 75°±10′, and the secondary deflection angle is 15°±10′.

[0010] Among the above technical solutions, as the preferred technical solution of the utility model: the cutter head of the tool is provided with a circular arc chip groove; the depth of the circular arc chip groove is proportional to the cutting amount; the circular arc chip groove is R3mm~R4mm.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the diameter of the non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode is between φ6mm and φ12mm.

[0012] The advantages of this utility model compared with the prior art:

[0013] 1. The 75° hand-grinded tool of the utility model is made of high-speed steel, which has high processing efficiency, stable cutting performance, wide application range and high cutting quality; the main material of high-speed steel is tungsten, which has poor affinity with lead-antimony alloy and can effectively avoid tearing.

[0014] 2. The utility model cutter head has a rake angle γ of 13° to 16°, which can keep the cutting edge in a relatively sharp state, thereby reducing the generation of cutting force and cutting heat, improving cutting efficiency, and at the same time reducing the deformation of chips and avoiding the accumulation of chips during the cutting process.

[0015] 3. The rake angle arc of R0.2mm to R0.4mm of the utility model helps to reduce the rigid deformation and cutting force of the metal during the cutting process, thereby reducing the wear and heat of the rake face.

[0016] 4. The utility model has a main deflection angle of 75°±10′ and a secondary deflection angle of 15°±10′, which helps to improve cutting force and vibration, and improve processing accuracy and surface quality.

[0017] 5. The material of the cutter head of the utility model can be different from that of the cutter body to reduce the manufacturing cost of the cutter; when the materials of the cutter head and the cutter body are inconsistent, the cutter head and the cutter body are welded and fixed as one. The welding method is used for fixing, and the cutter head will not loosen compared to the screw-fastened installation method, the connection structure has high strength, and the processing stability is excellent.

[0018] 6. The utility model can effectively avoid rigid deformation and tearing of lead-antimony alloy, and greatly improve the product quality of non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrodes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a top view of the processing of the outer circle of a non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode by a C616 horizontal lathe of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2This is a front view of an embodiment of the outer circle of a φ9×65×210 non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model high-speed steel 75° hand-sharpened knife;

[0022] Figure 4 For this utility model Figure 3 Enlarged detail of the tool head with R0.8 rake angle arc;

[0023] In the figure: 1-front angle arc, 2-arc chip groove, 3-tool body, 4-tool head, 5-center, 6-tool holder, 7-tool, 8-three-jaw chuck, 9-workpiece, 10-lathe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the attached embodiment of the utility model Figure 1-4 , clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] A non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode outer circle machining tool for electroplating equipment, it should be noted that: the diameter of the non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode is between φ6mm and φ12mm, and the diameter range value is the sum of the large end diameter and the small end diameter of the non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode is between φ6mm and φ12mm (combined with Figure 2 Embodiment shown).

[0026] (like Figure 3 , Figure 4The tool is a 75° hand-sharpened tool made of high-speed steel. The utility model uses a 75° hand-sharpened tool 7 made of high-speed steel; because the processed material is lead-antimony alloy, the hardness is relatively low, and the alloy turning tool will generate a large impact force perpendicular to the axial direction when it contacts the workpiece 9, and the workpiece 9 will be torn and bent during the processing. Therefore, the utility model selects a 75° hand-sharpened tool 7 made of high-speed steel to avoid axial impact force and ensure processing quality. In addition, the 75° hand-sharpened tool has a moderate tip angle, which makes the contact area between the tool head and the workpiece 9 larger, and the cutting force is evenly distributed, which helps to improve processing efficiency, so that the workpiece 9 has a higher processing speed when processing compared to other tools 7. The tool head 4 of the 75° hand-sharpened tool 7 is larger in width, and the tool head 4 is more stable during processing, and is not prone to vibration and jumping. This stability helps to obtain higher processing accuracy and surface quality, thereby improving product quality and consistency. Due to the design of its cutting angle, the 75° hand-sharpened tool 7 can provide better cutting quality and surface accuracy. Therefore, the 75° hand-grinded tool 7 made of high-speed steel in the utility model has high processing efficiency, stable cutting performance, wide application range and high cutting quality.

[0027] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the tool 7 has a tool body 3 and a tool head 4; at least the tool head 4 is made of high-speed steel. When the tool head material 4 of the utility model can be different from the tool body 3, the manufacturing cost of the tool 7 can be reduced.

[0028] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the cutter head 4 is welded and fixedly connected to the cutter body 3. Compared with the screw-fastened installation method, the cutter head 4 will not loosen, the connection structure has high strength, and the processing stability is excellent.

[0029] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model: the rake angle γ of the tool 7 is 13° to 16°, and the rake angle is formed with a rake angle arc 1 of R0.2mm to R0.4mm. The rake angle γ of the tool 7 of the utility model is 13° to 16°, and the rake angle γ of 13° to 16° can keep the cutting edge in a relatively sharp state, thereby reducing the generation of cutting force and cutting heat, and improving cutting efficiency; at the same time, it can reduce the deformation of chips and avoid the accumulation of chips during the cutting process.

[0030] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model: the front angle is formed with a front angle arc 1 of R0.2mm~R0.4mm; this helps to reduce the rigid deformation and cutting force generated by the metal during the cutting process, thereby reducing the wear and heat of the front cutting edge.

[0031] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the main deflection angle of the tool is 75°±10′, and the secondary deflection angle is 15°±10′, which is helpful to improve the cutting force and vibration, and improve the processing accuracy and surface quality.

[0032] In the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model: the cutter head 4 of the tool 7 is formed with a circular arc chip groove 2; the depth of the circular arc chip groove 2 is proportional to the cutting amount. The greater the cutting amount, the larger the chip groove R, and vice versa. When the cutting amount is large, in order to more effectively discharge the chips and prevent them from interfering with the processing process, the chip groove R may be designed to be slightly larger. On the contrary, when the cutting amount is small, the chip groove R may be reduced accordingly. The chip groove design mainly takes into account the discharge, flow direction and chip breaking effect of the chips. Reasonable circular arc chip groove 2 can ensure that the chips are naturally broken into small fragments during the processing process and are smoothly discharged to other places, thereby avoiding interference or scratching the surface of the workpiece 9, reducing the wear of the tool 7, and improving the processing efficiency.

[0033] Embodiment 1: Processing a φ6 workpiece 9, γ=14°; the rake angle is formed with an arc 1 of R0.2; the arc chip groove 2 is R3.0 mm.

[0034] Embodiment 2: Processing a φ9 workpiece 9, γ=14°; the rake angle is formed with an R0.2 rake angle arc 1; the arc chip groove 2 is R3.5mm.

[0035] Embodiment 3: Processing a φ12 workpiece 9, γ=14°; the rake angle is formed with an arc 1 of R0.4; the arc chip groove 2 is R4.0mm.

[0036] The utility model relates to a method for machining the outer circle of a non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode for electroplating equipment (such as Figure 1 (As shown) The processing method adopts a horizontal lathe 10. The horizontal lathe 10 adopts advanced processing technology and can process the outer circle of the workpiece 9 very accurately; this high-precision processing can meet various high-precision mechanical processing needs and ensure the processing quality and performance of the workpiece 9. The horizontal lathe 10 has the characteristics of high speed and high efficiency, and can complete the outer circle processing of the workpiece 9 in a shorter time; this efficient processing method helps to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. Furthermore, the operation of the horizontal lathe 10 is relatively simple and easy to master, which allows operators to become familiar with the equipment more quickly and improve processing efficiency, while also reducing the difficulty of operation and the error rate. Furthermore, the horizontal lathe 10 has good machine versatility and can process the outer circle in one clamping.

[0037] Preferably: the lathe 10 is a C616 horizontal lathe. The utility model adopts a C616 horizontal lathe to undertake external cylindrical turning processing. The guide rails, gears and other important parts of the lathe 10 are all subjected to medium and high quenching and fine grinding, so they have the characteristics of higher precision and good rigidity, thereby ensuring the precision and quality of the processed workpiece 9. The C616 horizontal lathe 10 is easy to operate, safe and reliable; its design takes into account the convenience of the operator, making the operation and processing simpler and more intuitive. The lathe 10 is provided with a foot-operated brake device and other safety devices, such as a cone clutch safety device, which are helpful to prevent accidents during operation and improve operational safety. The bed, bed feet, oil pan, etc. of the C616 horizontal lathe 10 adopt an integral casting structure with high rigidity and good shock resistance. The lubrication system of the C616 horizontal lathe 10 is reasonably and reliably designed, adopts internal splash lubrication, and performs automatic forced lubrication on special parts to ensure the stability and durability of the equipment. The C616 horizontal lathe 10 is equipped with a variety of feeding and adjustment mechanisms, such as a four-station automatic feeding mechanical stop device and a speed change device, which makes the processing process more flexible and can meet complex processing requirements. In summary, the C616 horizontal lathe 10 has advantages in processing range, accuracy, operability, safety, structural durability, versatility and flexibility, and has excellent application value.

[0038] In the processing method related to the utility model, the three-jaw chuck 8 of the lathe 10 and the double-end support of the rotary center 5 are used to support the non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode. Compared with the tool holder, it is avoided to affect the surface of the workpiece 9 and cause scratches.

[0039] The revolving center 5 of the lathe 10 is a 60° revolving center. The utility model adopts a 60° revolving center 5 to be positioned with the help of the center hole, which can ensure that the workpiece 9 obtains a very high dimensional accuracy, which is a crucial advantage for high-precision processing. In addition, during use, although the center 5 may be damaged by scratches on the tool 7 or surface wear, as long as the bearing in the center 5 is not broken, the 60° cone surface can be repaired on the cylindrical grinder, so that the 60° revolving center 5 can continue to be used normally. This repairability extends the service life of the center 5 and reduces the cost of use. The 60° revolving center 5 can ensure stable rotation performance during the processing, thereby improving the processing efficiency. The 60° angle design of the center 5 makes the center 5 have better stability during the processing, can reduce vibration and jumping, and further improve and ensure the processing accuracy. In summary, the 60° revolving center 5 has the advantages of high positioning accuracy, wide application range, excellent repairability, high processing efficiency and stable structure.

[0040] In the processing method related to the utility model, the outer circle is processed by low rotation speed and low feed speed. Because the hardness of the lead-antimony alloy is low and the plastic deformation is large, the low rotation speed will avoid the workpiece 9 from swinging; and the low feed speed can effectively prevent the workpiece 9 from bending during the processing.

[0041] The diameter of the non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode workpiece 9 is between φ6mm and φ12mm; the rotation speed of the lathe 10 is 248 rpm for level I and 360 rpm for level II; the feed speed of the lathe 10 is 0.08-0.1mm / min, the rough machining cutting depth is 0.2mm-0.25mm, and the fine machining cutting depth is 0.1mm-0.15mm.

[0042] Embodiment 1: When machining a workpiece 9 of φ6, the rotation speed of the lathe 10 is 248 rpm at level I; the feed speed of the lathe 10 is 0.09 mm / min, the rough machining cutting depth is 0.2 mm, and the fine machining cutting depth is 0.1 mm.

[0043] Embodiment 2: Figure 2 The embodiment is a front view of a φ9×65×210 workpiece; when processing a φ9×65×210 workpiece 9, the rotation speed is level II 360 rpm; the feed rate is 0.09 mm / min, the rough machining cutting depth is 0.2 mm, and the fine machining cutting depth is 0.1 mm.

[0044] Embodiment 3: When machining a φ12 workpiece 9, the rotation speed of the lathe 10 is 360 rpm at level II; the feed speed of the lathe 10 is 0.09 mm / min, the rough machining cutting depth is 0.2 mm, and the fine machining cutting depth is 0.1 mm.

[0045] The use of low vehicle speed and feed speed can effectively avoid the bending of the workpiece 9 during the processing, and effectively solve the surface roughness problem caused by the tool tip being lower than the center of the workpiece 9. Therefore, low rotation speed and low feed speed can make the processing process more stable and reduce surface roughness.

[0046] In the processing method related to the utility model, the utility model selects a base liquid containing petroleum and ethanol as a cutting fluid to process the outer circle of a non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode workpiece 9. Its main function is to quickly take away heat through the volatilization of ethanol during the processing process, and to form an oil film on the processed surface of the workpiece 9 to reduce the oxidation of the workpiece 9. The petroleum content in the cutting fluid is 0.5% to 1%; the ethanol content is 10% to 15%. With this ratio, the processing surface quality is excellent and the processing quality is stable.

[0047] Example 1: Processing a φ6 workpiece 9, the petroleum content is 1%; the ethanol content is 10%.

[0048] Example 2: Processing a φ9 workpiece 9, the petroleum content is 1%; the ethanol content is 15%.

[0049] Example 3: Processing a φ12 workpiece 9, the petroleum content is 1%; the ethanol content is 15%.

[0050] When setting the tool, the tip of the tool 7 is 0.01 mm lower than the center of the non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode outer circle workpiece 9. When the tip of the tool is lower than the center of the workpiece 9, the processing stability can be improved, the cutting force and tool wear can be reduced, and the rigid deformation of the long workpiece 9 can be reduced.

[0051] From the above description, it can be found that the 75° hand-grinded tool 7 made of high-speed steel has high processing efficiency, stable cutting performance, wide application range and high cutting quality. The main material of high-speed steel is tungsten, which has poor affinity with lead-antimony alloy and can effectively avoid tearing.

[0052] The cutter head rake angle γ of the cutter head 4 of the utility model is 13° to 16°, which can keep the cutting edge in a relatively sharp state, thereby reducing the generation of cutting force and cutting heat, improving cutting efficiency, and at the same time reducing the deformation of chips and avoiding the accumulation of chips during the cutting process.

[0053] The front angle arc of R0.2mm to R0.4mm of the cutter head 4 of the utility model helps to reduce the rigid deformation and cutting force of the metal during cutting, thereby reducing the wear and heat of the front cutting surface. The main rake angle of 75°±10′ and the secondary rake angle of 15°±10′ also help to improve the cutting force and vibration, and improve the processing accuracy and surface quality. The main component of the high-speed steel, tungsten, has a poor affinity with the lead-antimony alloy, which can effectively avoid tearing.

[0054] The material of the cutter head 4 of the utility model can be different from that of the cutter body 3 to reduce the manufacturing cost of the cutter; when the materials of the cutter head 4 and the cutter body 3 are inconsistent, the cutter head 4 and the cutter body 3 are welded and fixedly connected as one. The welding method is used for fixing, and the cutter head 4 will not loosen compared to the screw-fastening installation method, the connection structure has high strength, and the processing stability is excellent.

[0055] In summary, the utility model can effectively avoid problems such as rigid deformation and tearing of lead-antimony alloy, and greatly improve the product quality of non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrodes.

[0056] In addition, regarding the related methods of the utility model, the utility model uses a horizontal lathe 10 to process the outer circle, which has high precision, high efficiency, simple operation and good versatility. Because the hardness of the lead-antimony alloy is low and the plastic deformation is large, the low rotation speed will avoid the workpiece 9 from swinging; and the low feed speed can effectively avoid the workpiece 9 from bending during the processing; therefore, the low rotation speed and low feed speed can effectively avoid the workpiece 9 from bending during the processing, which can make the processing process more stable and improve and reduce the surface roughness.

[0057] The utility model contains 0.5% to 1% petroleum and 10% to 15% ethanol as the base liquid. During the processing, the heat can be quickly taken away by the volatilization of the ethanol, and the oil film formed on the processed surface of the workpiece 9 by the petroleum can reduce the oxidation of the workpiece 9.

[0058] The utility model uses a three-jaw chuck 8 of a lathe 10 and a rotary center 5 to support non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrodes at both ends; compared with a tool rest, it avoids scratches on the surface of a workpiece 9; the 60° rotary center 5 has high positioning accuracy, a wide range of applications, excellent repairability, high processing efficiency, and a stable structure.

[0059] When the utility model aligns the tool, the tool tip is 0.01 mm lower than the center of the workpiece 9 , which can improve processing stability, reduce cutting force and tool wear, and reduce rigid deformation of the long workpiece 9 .

[0060] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification and equivalent replacement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrode outer circle machining tool for electroplating equipment, characterized by: The tool is a 75° hand-sharpened tool made of high-speed steel; The tool (7) comprises a tool body (3) and a tool head (4); at least the tool head (4) is made of high-speed steel; The cutter head (4) and the cutter body (3) are welded and fixedly connected as one body; The rake angle γ of the tool (7) is 13° to 16°, and the rake angle is provided with a rake angle arc (1) of R0.2mm to R0.4mm; The tool main deflection angle is 75°±10′, and the secondary deflection angle is 15°±10′; The tool head (4) of the tool (7) is provided with a circular arc chip removal groove (2); the depth of the circular arc chip removal groove (2) is proportional to the cutting depth; the circular arc chip removal groove (2) is R3mm to R4mm; The diameter of non-standard lead-antimony alloy electrodes ranges from φ6mm to φ12mm.

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