Heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat exchanger which comprises a shell, tube plates are arranged at the positions, close to the two ends, in the shell, three cavities are formed in the shell through the tube plates, the three cavities are arranged in a line shape, a heat exchange assembly is arranged in the middle cavity, and the other two cavities are communicated through the heat exchange assembly. The liquid flow in the heat exchanger is countercurrent flow, which is embodied in two aspects that the flow direction of a shell pass is opposite to the flow direction of a tube pass, and the rotation directions of the two layers of heat exchange tubes arranged in a double-helix structure are opposite. By means of the strengthening effect of the spiral state of the heat exchange tube, the tube pass heat transfer coefficient is remarkably increased, the fluid flowing state is greatly improved, the strong turbulence effect is formed, the whole heat exchange process is rapid and efficient, and smooth and stable production is guaranteed; due to the fact that the heat exchange pipe is arranged in the spiral shape and is similar to a spring in appearance, damage and leakage caused by thermal stress are avoided, the viscous flow heat transfer coefficient in the spiral heat exchange pipe is larger than that of a traditional straight pipe type heat exchanger, and the spiral heat exchange pipe can be used for heating or cooling high-viscosity fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heat recovery, in particular to a heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] Heat exchangers, also known as heat exchangers, are widely used in chemical, optoelectronic, electronic and other fields. They are important equipment for heat recovery and comprehensive utilization. Heat exchangers are generally divided into two categories, namely plate heat exchangers and shell and tube heat exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchangers can be divided into shell and tube heat exchangers and wound tube heat exchangers.

[0003] The traditional shell and tube heat exchanger is structurally composed of tube sheets, shells, cores, heat exchange tubes, etc. The heat exchange tubes are one or more groups of straight tubes (usually called tubes in a row), which are fixed together in a certain direction and by distance elements to form the core. The two ends are fixed in the shell of the heat exchanger through tube sheets, and the shell and the core are separated by the tube sheets. In general, the path that the heat exchange medium passes is called the tube side, and the path that the heat exchange medium passes is called the shell side. The larger the shell side diameter, the larger the tube sheet diameter, and the greater the welding workload between the heat exchange tube and the tube sheet; the higher the tube side pressure, the thicker the tube sheet. Therefore, large-scale, high-parameter shell and tube heat exchangers are difficult to manufacture and costly.

[0004] Therefore, there are many difficulties in manufacturing large and super-large heat exchangers using the traditional shell and tube heat exchanger structure, such as the forging problem of large-diameter tube sheet blanks, the hole processing problem of large thick tube sheets, the hole processing problem of a large number of baffles, the butt welding problem of small-diameter and super-long heat exchange tubes, etc. These problems not only make the manufacturing of large shell and tube heat exchangers difficult, but also significantly increase the manufacturing cost and extend the manufacturing cycle. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present utility model is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a heat exchanger.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A heat exchanger comprises a shell, wherein tube sheets are arranged near both ends of the shell, and three cavities are formed in the shell through the tube sheets, and the three cavities are arranged in a straight line, a heat exchange component is arranged in the middle cavity, and the other two cavities are connected through the heat exchange component;

[0008] The heat exchange assembly includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are arranged in a circular shape with equal spacing to form an inner and outer two-layer tube group structure. The heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure form an alternately wound double helix structure, and the rotation directions of the heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure are opposite.

[0009] As a further solution of the utility model: a plurality of spacing plates are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction between the heat exchange tubes of the two-layer tube group structure.

[0010] As a further solution of the utility model: the three cavities are respectively the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity, the cavities at the two ends are the first cavity and the third cavity, and the middle cavity is the second cavity.

[0011] As a further solution of the utility model: a tube-side inlet and a tube-side outlet are respectively arranged on the shell near the two ends of the second cavity.

[0012] As a further solution of the utility model: a shell-side inlet is arranged on the second cavity near the tube-side outlet, and a shell-side outlet is arranged on the second cavity near the tube-side inlet. The shell-side inlet and the shell-side outlet are arranged in a colinear manner along the axial direction of the cylinder for the entry and exit of the heat exchange medium.

[0013] As a further solution of the utility model: a core tube coaxial with the cylinder is provided in the second cavity, the core tube is axially arranged between the two tube sheets, and the heat exchange tube is surrounded between the core tube and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the utility model: The liquid flow in the heat exchanger of the utility model is countercurrent flow, which is reflected in two aspects: one is that the shell side flow direction is opposite to the tube side flow direction, and the other is that the two layers of heat exchange tubes arranged in a double helix structure have opposite rotation directions. With the strengthening effect of the spiral state of the heat exchange tube, the heat transfer coefficient of the tube side is significantly increased, and the fluid flow state is greatly improved, forming a strong turbulent effect, making the entire heat exchange process fast and efficient, ensuring smooth and stable production; because the heat exchange tube is arranged in a spiral shape, similar to the shape of a spring, there is no damage and leakage caused by thermal stress, and the stagnant heat transfer coefficient in the spiral heat exchange tube is greater than that of the traditional straight tube heat exchanger, which can be used for heating or cooling high-viscosity fluids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. Tube sheet; 3. First cavity; 4. Second cavity; 5. Third cavity; 6. Tube side inlet; 7. Tube side outlet; 8. Heat exchange component; 9. Spacer plate; 10. Shell side inlet; 11. Shell side outlet; 12. Core tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] For example, see Figure 1 As shown, the utility model is a heat exchanger, comprising a shell 1, wherein tube sheets 2 are arranged near both ends of the shell 1, and three cavities are formed in the shell 1 through the tube sheets 2, and the three cavities are arranged in a straight line, and a heat exchange component 8 is arranged in the middle cavity, and the other two cavities are connected through the heat exchange component 8;

[0020] The heat exchange assembly 8 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are arranged in a circular shape with equal spacing to form an inner and outer two-layer tube group structure. The heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure form an alternately wound double helix structure, and the rotation directions of the heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure are opposite.

[0021] A plurality of spacing plates 9 are arranged equidistantly along the axial direction between the heat exchange tubes of the two-layer tube group structure.

[0022] For example 2, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the utility model is a heat exchanger, comprising a shell 1, wherein tube sheets 2 are arranged near both ends of the shell 1, and three cavities are formed in the shell 1 through the tube sheets 2, and the three cavities are arranged in a straight line, and a heat exchange component 8 is arranged in the middle cavity, and the other two cavities are connected through the heat exchange component 8;

[0023] The heat exchange assembly 8 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are arranged in a circular shape with equal spacing to form an inner and outer two-layer tube group structure. The heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure form an alternately wound double helix structure, and the rotation directions of the heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure are opposite.

[0024] A plurality of spacing plates 9 are arranged equidistantly along the axial direction between the heat exchange tubes of the two-layer tube group structure.

[0025] The three chambers are respectively the first chamber 3, the second chamber 4 and the third chamber 5, the chambers at the two ends are the first chamber 3 and the third chamber 5, and the chamber in the middle is the second chamber 4. The shell 1 is provided with a tube-side inlet 6 and a tube-side outlet 7 near both ends of the second chamber 4. The second chamber 4 is provided with a shell-side inlet 10 near the tube-side outlet 7, and the second chamber 4 is provided with a shell-side outlet 11 near the tube-side inlet 6. The shell-side inlet 10 and the shell-side outlet 11 are arranged in a colinear manner along the axial direction of the cylinder for the entry and exit of the heat exchange medium.

[0026] For implementation three, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the utility model is a heat exchanger, comprising a shell 1, wherein tube sheets 2 are arranged near both ends of the shell 1, and three cavities are formed in the shell 1 through the tube sheets 2, and the three cavities are arranged in a straight line, and a heat exchange component 8 is arranged in the middle cavity, and the other two cavities are connected through the heat exchange component 8;

[0027] The heat exchange assembly 8 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are arranged in a circular shape with equal spacing to form an inner and outer two-layer tube group structure. The heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure form an alternately wound double helix structure, and the rotation directions of the heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure are opposite.

[0028] A plurality of spacing plates 9 are arranged equidistantly along the axial direction between the heat exchange tubes of the two-layer tube group structure.

[0029] The three chambers are respectively the first chamber 3, the second chamber 4 and the third chamber 5, the chambers at the two ends are the first chamber 3 and the third chamber 5, and the chamber in the middle is the second chamber 4. The shell 1 is provided with a tube-side inlet 6 and a tube-side outlet 7 near both ends of the second chamber 4. The second chamber 4 is provided with a shell-side inlet 10 near the tube-side outlet 7, and the second chamber 4 is provided with a shell-side outlet 11 near the tube-side inlet 6. The shell-side inlet 10 and the shell-side outlet 11 are arranged in a colinear manner along the axial direction of the cylinder for the entry and exit of the heat exchange medium.

[0030] A core barrel 12 coaxial with the cylinder is disposed in the second cavity 4. The core barrel 12 is axially disposed between the two tube sheets 2, and the heat exchange tubes are surrounded between the core barrel 12 and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder.

[0031] It is also worth adding that:

[0032] The first cavity 3 may specifically be a heat exchange medium inflow area;

[0033] The second cavity 4 may specifically be a heat exchange area;

[0034] The third cavity 5 may specifically be a heat exchange medium outflow area;

[0035] The heat exchanger shell 1 is cylindrical, and tube sheets 2 are respectively arranged near the two ends of the tube in the tube. The two tube sheets 2 divide the tube into three areas, including a heat exchange area between the two tube sheets 2 and a heat exchange medium inflow area and a heat exchange medium outflow area between the two tube sheets 2 and the tube ends on the sides thereof. A tube side inlet 6 is formed at the tube end of the heat exchange medium inflow area, and a tube side outlet 7 is formed at the tube end of the heat exchange medium outflow area. The liquid flow directions of the tube side inlet 6 and the tube side outlet 7 are arranged along the axial direction of the tube body.

[0036] The heat exchange tube is built into the heat exchange area and is arranged between the two tube sheets 2 along the axial direction. The tube sheets 2 are provided with a plurality of flow holes for the heat exchange medium to flow. The two ends of the heat exchange tube are respectively connected to the heat exchange medium inflow area and the heat exchange medium outflow area through the flow holes on the side tube sheet 2.

[0037] A shell side inlet 10 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder in the heat exchange area, near the tube side outlet 7, and a shell side outlet 11 is opened near the tube side inlet 6. The shell side inlet 10 and the shell side outlet 11 are arranged in the same line along the axial direction of the cylinder for the entry and exit of the heat exchange medium, and the entry and exit directions are set along the radial direction of the cylinder.

[0038] In the specific implementation, the corresponding structural settings also include:

[0039] A core barrel 12 coaxial with the cylinder is provided in the heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger. The core barrel 12 is axially arranged between the two tube sheets 2, and the heat exchange tubes are arranged between the core barrel 12 and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder.

[0040] The plate surfaces of the distance plates 9 are arranged along the radial direction of the heat exchanger cylinder, and the distance plates 9 are arranged in a staggered manner along the radial direction of the heat exchanger cylinder.

[0041] The two layers of heat exchange tubes do not touch each other. Multiple heat exchange branch tubes in each layer of heat exchange tubes are closely arranged with small gaps between them, and are arranged along the spiral disk of the heat exchange tubes in the layer.

[0042] The tube side inlet 6 and the tube side outlet 7, as well as the shell side inlet 10 and the shell side outlet 11, are all provided with switch valves.

[0043] Working principle and effect:

[0044] The heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange medium inflow area from the tube side inlet 6, enters the heat exchange tube through the flow holes on the tube sheet 2 on the side, flows into the heat exchange medium outflow area from the flow holes on the tube sheet 2 on the other side, and then exits from the tube side outlet 7;

[0045] The heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange area from the shell side inlet, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium through contact with the heat exchange tube, and exits from the shell side outlet 11 to complete the heat exchange;

[0046] In the heat exchange process, this embodiment breaks the convention and adopts a two-layer heat exchanger with a double helix structure that is alternately wound and has opposite rotation directions. On the one hand, the flow state of the fluid is greatly improved to form a strong turbulent effect; on the other hand, the heat transfer coefficient of the tube side is also increased by the strengthening effect of the spiral state of the heat exchange tube; and, by setting a number of spacers 9 between the two layers of heat exchange tubes, the spacers 9 are used to form a continuous disturbance of the shell side fluid flow. Thus, with the joint cooperation of the three aspects, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is significantly improved. During operation, first open the tube side inlet and outlet valves to allow the heat exchange medium (steam or hot water) to flow fully; then open the shell side inlet and outlet valves to allow the heat exchange medium (such as the solution used in the polarizer production process) to flow fully in the heat exchange area. Because the shell side flow direction is opposite to the tube side flow direction, and the strengthening effect of the spiral state of the heat exchange tube, the entire heat exchange process is fast and efficient, ensuring smooth and stable production.

[0047] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the utility model, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the utility model. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of application of the utility model should still fall within the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: Tube sheets (2) are provided near both ends of the shell (1), and three cavities are formed in the shell (1) through the tube sheets (2). The three cavities are arranged in a straight line, a heat exchange component (8) is provided in the middle cavity, and the other two cavities are connected through the heat exchange component (8); The heat exchange assembly (8) comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are arranged in a circular shape at equal intervals to form an inner and outer two-layer tube group structure, the heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure are alternately wound in a double helix structure, and the rotation directions of the heat exchange tubes in the two-layer tube group structure are opposite.

2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of spacing plates (9) are arranged between the heat exchange tubes of the two-layer tube group structure at equal intervals along the axial direction.

3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three cavities are respectively a first cavity (3), a second cavity (4) and a third cavity (5); the cavities at the two ends are the first cavity (3) and the third cavity (5), and the cavity in the middle is the second cavity (4).

4. A heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: A tube-side inlet (6) and a tube-side outlet (7) are respectively arranged on the shell (1) near the two ends of the second cavity (4).

5. A heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: A shell-side inlet (10) is provided on the second chamber (4) near the tube-side outlet (7), and a shell-side outlet (11) is provided on the second chamber (4) near the tube-side inlet (6). The shell-side inlet (10) and the shell-side outlet (11) are arranged in a colinear manner along the axial direction of the cylinder.

6. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A core tube (12) coaxial with the cylinder is arranged in the second cavity (4); the core tube (12) is arranged between the two tube sheets (2) along the axial direction; and the heat exchange tube is arranged between the core tube (12) and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder.

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