Drilling and milling switching mechanism of numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model provides a numerical control machine tool drilling and milling switching mechanism which comprises a rotary table and a main shaft, a guide sleeve is arranged at the end of the rotary table, the main shaft penetrates through the guide sleeve to drill a workpiece, a moving groove is formed in the end of the rotary table, a first sliding rail is obliquely arranged in the moving groove, and a moving block is arranged on the first sliding rail in a sliding mode. A transversely-arranged second sliding rail is installed on the movable block, the guide sleeve is arranged on the second sliding rail in a sliding mode, a movable oil cylinder is installed on the rotary table, a movable air cylinder is installed on the movable block, the movable oil cylinder drives the movable block to obliquely move along the first sliding rail, and the movable air cylinder drives the guide sleeve to transversely move relative to the movable block. The guide sleeve is separated from the moving path of the main shaft, and the main shaft is directly milled. Compared with the prior art, the drilling and milling switching mechanism of the numerical control machine tool realizes quick switching of drilling and milling modes through movement of the guide sleeve, does not need to dismount the guide sleeve or replace the machine tool, and is low in cost, simple to operate and high in working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools and relates to a drilling and milling conversion mechanism for a numerical control machine tool. Background Art

[0002] At present, most CNC machine tools on the market have only one spindle. When drilling holes, a drill bit needs to be installed. Because the drill bit is long, it will shake when rotating, which will cause the drilling center to deviate during processing and the drilling accuracy is not high. In the prior art, a guide sleeve for guidance and support is often required. The long drill bit passes through the guide sleeve before drilling the workpiece to improve the drilling accuracy.

[0003] Depending on the complexity of the workpiece, the same workpiece may need to go through milling, drilling and other processes. However, when the machine tool is milling, because the length of the tool used for milling is not long, the distance protruding from the spindle chuck after the milling cutter is installed is not enough, and it cannot be milled through the guide sleeve. Therefore, the workpiece needs to be clamped on a special milling machine to complete the milling of the workpiece; or as in the Chinese patent number "201921191660.7", the name is "A CNC machine tool drilling and milling interchange mechanism", in which the guide sleeve is a detachable structure. When it is necessary to convert to the milling function, the guide sleeve is directly removed and the tool that can pass through the guide seat is replaced. After the guide sleeve is removed, there will be enough space for the milling cutter to work. If the processing plan of changing the machine tool is adopted, it will obviously cause an increase in cost and reduce work efficiency, and the two clampings will have a greater impact on the quality of the workpiece; if the plan of removing the guide sleeve is adopted, the removal and reinstallation operations are very troublesome. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the above problems in the prior art and provides a drilling and milling conversion mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool which can realize rapid conversion of drilling and milling modes by moving a guide sleeve.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a drilling and milling conversion mechanism of a CNC machine tool, comprising a turntable and a spindle, a guide sleeve being provided at the end of the turntable, and the spindle drilling a hole on the workpiece after passing through the guide sleeve, a moving groove being formed at the end of the turntable, a first slide rail being obliquely arranged in the moving groove, a moving block being slidably arranged on the first slide rail, a second slide rail being transversely arranged on the moving block, the guide sleeve being slidably arranged on the second slide rail, a moving oil cylinder being installed on the turntable, and a moving cylinder being installed on the moving block, the moving oil cylinder driving the moving block to move obliquely along the first slide rail, the moving cylinder driving the guide sleeve to move transversely relative to the moving block, so that the guide sleeve is separated from the moving path of the spindle, and the spindle directly performs milling processing.

[0006] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism, a third slide rail is provided on the turntable, a plurality of supporting slide blocks are provided on the third slide rail, a supporting frame is provided on the supporting slide block, the third slide rail includes a moving section and fixed sections located at both ends of the moving section, the fixed sections are fixedly installed on the turntable, a rotating cylinder is provided on the side of the moving section, two mounting blocks are installed on the side of the turntable, the rotating cylinder is hinged between the two mounting blocks, a U-shaped block is fixed on the piston rod of the rotating cylinder, a transmission block is hinged on the U-shaped block, and the transmission block is fixed on the side of the moving section.

[0007] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism, before drilling processing, the movable section and the fixed section are collinear, the support frame can move on the third slide rail, and the end of the main shaft passes through the support frame and the guide sleeve in turn to perform drilling processing.

[0008] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism, before milling processing, the support frame on the third slide rail is moved to the moving section, the piston rod of the rotating cylinder is shortened and drives the moving section to rotate through the transmission block, and the support frame on the moving section is tilted and deviates from the moving path of the spindle.

[0009] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism, two guide fixed blocks are fixed on the side of the turntable, and a guide block is fixed at the end of the side of the moving section. The guide block is hinged to the side of the guide fixed block through a rotating axis, and the guide block rotates synchronously with the moving section around the rotating axis.

[0010] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism, the side wall of the movable groove is inclined, the inclination angle of the first slide rail is the same as the inclination angle of the side wall of the movable groove, and the side surface of the movable block is made into a contact slope, and the inclination angle of the contact slope is the same as the inclination angle of the movable groove.

[0011] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism, it also includes a bed, a column moving motor is installed on the bed, a column is slidably arranged on the bed, the output shaft of the column moving motor drives the column to move laterally through a ball screw, a slide moving motor is installed on the top of the column, a slide is slidably arranged on the column, the output shaft of the slide moving motor drives the slide to move up and down through a ball screw, a rotating plate is fixedly connected to the slide, the turntable is arranged on the turntable, and the turntable can rotate on the turntable.

[0012] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism, a telescopic motor, the spindle and a spindle motor for driving the spindle to rotate are arranged on the turntable, the spindle motor is slidably arranged on the turntable, and the telescopic motor drives the spindle motor and the spindle to move laterally relative to the turntable through a ball screw.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the drilling and milling conversion mechanism of the CNC machine tool drives the moving block to move obliquely upward along the first slide rail through the moving cylinder, and the moving cylinder drives the guide sleeve to move backward relative to the moving block, so that the guide sleeve is separated from the moving path of the spindle, and does not cause interference and disturbance to the milling process. At this time, the machine tool is converted from the drilling mode to the milling mode, and the spindle directly performs milling processing. The rapid conversion of the drilling and milling modes is achieved through the movement of the guide sleeve. There is no need to remove the guide sleeve or replace the machine tool, which has low cost, simple operation and high work efficiency. At the same time, a support frame is provided to support the spindle during drilling, and the piston rod of the rotating cylinder is shortened to drive the moving section and the support frame to rotate to an inclined state, so that the support frame is separated from the moving path of the spindle, thereby preventing the support frame from interfering with the spindle in the milling mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drilling and milling conversion mechanism of the CNC machine tool.

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drilling and milling conversion mechanism of the CNC machine tool from another angle.

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0018] In the figure, 1, bed; 11, slide moving motor; 2, column; 3, turntable; 4, turntable; 41, moving groove; 42, first slide rail; 43, moving block; 44, second slide rail; 45, moving section; 46, fixed section; 47, rotating cylinder; 48, mounting block; 49, U-shaped block; 410, transmission block; 411, supporting slider; 412, supporting frame; 5, spindle motor; 6, spindle; 8, guide sleeve; 9, moving cylinder; 10, moving cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1-4As shown, the drilling and milling conversion mechanism of the CNC machine tool includes a bed 1, a turntable 4 and a spindle 6. A column moving motor is installed on the bed 1, and a column 2 is slidably arranged on the bed 1. The output shaft of the column moving motor drives the column 2 to move horizontally through a ball screw. A slide moving motor 11 is installed on the top of the column 2, and a slide is slidably arranged on the column 2. The output shaft of the slide moving motor 11 drives the slide to move up and down through a ball screw. A turntable 3 is fixedly connected to the slide, and a turntable 4 is arranged on the turntable 3, and the turntable 4 can rotate on the turntable 3. The transmission method between the turntable 4 and the turntable 3 is the same as the transmission method between the turntable and the turntable in the patent number "202321195822.0" and the patent name "A Rotation Mechanism of a CNC Machine Tool".

[0021] In the above technical solution: a telescopic motor, a spindle 6 and a spindle motor 5 for driving the spindle 6 to rotate are arranged on the turntable 4, the spindle motor 5 is slidably arranged on the turntable 4, and the telescopic motor drives the spindle motor 5 and the spindle 6 to move laterally relative to the turntable 4 through a ball screw. A guide sleeve 8 for guiding and supporting the spindle 6 is arranged at the end of the turntable 4, and the spindle 6 passes through the guide sleeve 8 to perform drilling processing on the workpiece.

[0022] In the above technical solution: a moving groove 41 is formed at the end of the turntable 4, the side wall of the moving groove 41 is inclined, and a first slide rail 42 is inclined in the moving groove 41, and the inclination angle of the first slide rail 42 is the same as the inclination angle of the side wall of the moving groove 41. A moving block 43 is slidably arranged on the first slide rail 42, and a moving cylinder 10 is installed on the turntable 4, and the moving cylinder 10 drives the moving block 43 to move obliquely along the first slide rail 42. The side surface of the moving block 43 is made into a contact inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the contact inclined surface is the same as the inclination angle of the moving groove 41. A second slide rail 44 arranged horizontally is installed on the moving block 43, and a guide sleeve 8 is slidably arranged on the second slide rail 44. A moving cylinder 9 is installed on the moving block 43, and the moving cylinder 9 drives the guide sleeve 8 to move horizontally relative to the moving block 43.

[0023] In the above technical solution: a third slide rail is provided on the turntable 4, a plurality of support slide blocks 411 are provided on the third slide rail, and a support frame 412 is provided on the support slide block 411. The structure of the support frame 412 is basically the same as the structure of the support frame in the patent number "202320579907.2" and the patent name "A guide mechanism for a numerical control machine tool", and the only difference is that the two structures of the telescopic frame and the connecting block are omitted in the support frame 412. There are three groups of support frames 412 in total.

[0024] In the above technical solution: the third slide rail includes a moving section 45 and fixed sections 46 located at both ends of the moving section 45. The fixed section 46 is fixedly mounted on the turntable 4, a rotating oil cylinder 47 is provided on the side of the moving section 45, two mounting blocks 48 are mounted on the side of the turntable 4, and the rotating oil cylinder 47 is hinged between the two mounting blocks 48. A U-shaped block 49 is fixed on the piston rod of the rotating oil cylinder 47, a transmission block 410 is hinged on the U-shaped block 49, and the transmission block 410 is fixed to the middle of the side of the moving section 45.

[0025] In the above technical solution: two guide fixing blocks 413 are fixed on the side of the turntable 4, and a guide block 414 is fixed on the end of the side of the moving section 45. The guide block 414 is hinged to the side of the guide fixing block 413 through a rotating shaft 415.

[0026] Before milling, the support frame 412 on the third slide rail is moved to the moving section 45, the piston rod of the rotating cylinder 47 is shortened, and the moving section 45 and the guide block 414 are driven to rotate through the transmission block 410, and the guide block 414 rotates around the rotation axis 415 to guide the rotation of the moving section 45; the moving section 45 rotates to an inclined state, and the support frame 412 on the moving section 45 is tilted and separated from the moving path of the spindle 6, such as Figure 1 , 3 , as shown in Figure 4.

[0027] At the same time, the moving oil cylinder 10 drives the moving block 43 to move obliquely upward along the first slide rail 42, and the moving cylinder 9 drives the guide sleeve 8 to move backward relative to the moving block 43, so that the guide sleeve 8 is separated from the moving path of the spindle 6, and does not cause interference and disturbance to the milling process. The telescopic motor drives the spindle motor 5 and the spindle 6 to move horizontally relative to the turntable 4, and the spindle 6 directly performs milling processing.

[0028] Before drilling, the piston rod of the rotating oil cylinder 47 is extended, and the moving section 45 and the guide block 414 are driven to rotate through the transmission block 410. The moving section 45 rotates to be collinear with the fixed section 46 to form a complete slide rail. At this time, the support frame 412 can move on the third slide rail, and three groups of support frames 412 are arranged on the third slide rail at intervals. The moving oil cylinder 10 drives the moving block 43 to move obliquely downward along the first slide rail 42, and the moving cylinder 9 drives the guide sleeve 8 to move forward relative to the moving block 43, so that the guide sleeve 8 is collinear with the main shaft 6. The end of the main shaft 6 passes through the three groups of support frames 412 and the guide sleeve 8 in turn, and then the drilling process is carried out. The guide sleeve 8 and the support frame 412 both play a supporting and guiding role for the main shaft 6. The three groups of spaced support frames 412 realize multi-point support for the main shaft 6, which greatly improves the guiding effect, reduces the shaking of the main shaft 6 when it rotates, improves the drilling accuracy, and prevents the drilling center from deviating during processing.

[0029] The drilling and milling conversion mechanism of the CNC machine tool drives the moving block 43 to move obliquely upward along the first slide rail 42 through the moving cylinder 10, and the moving cylinder 9 drives the guide sleeve 8 to move backward relative to the moving block 43, so that the guide sleeve 8 is separated from the moving path of the main shaft 6, and does not cause interference and disturbance to the milling process. At this time, the machine tool is converted from the drilling mode to the milling mode, and the main shaft 6 directly performs milling processing. The rapid conversion of the drilling and milling mode is achieved through the movement of the guide sleeve 8, and there is no need to remove the guide sleeve or replace the machine tool. The cost is low, the operation is simple, and the work efficiency is high. At the same time, a support frame 412 is provided to support the main shaft 6 during drilling. The piston rod of the rotating cylinder 47 is shortened, driving the moving section 45 and the support frame 412 to rotate to an inclined state, and the support frame 412 is separated from the moving path of the main shaft 6 to prevent the support frame 412 from interfering with the main shaft 6 in the milling mode.

[0030] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. A person skilled in the art of the present invention may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, but this will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0031] Although the present invention uses the terms such as bed 1; slide moving motor 11; column 2; turntable 3; turntable 4; moving groove 41; first slide rail 42; moving block 43; second slide rail 44; moving section 45; fixed section 46; rotating cylinder 47; mounting block 48; U-shaped block 49; transmission block 410; supporting slide block 411; supporting frame 412; spindle motor 5; spindle 6; guide sleeve 8; moving cylinder 9; moving cylinder 10, etc., it does not exclude the possibility of using other terms. The use of these terms is only for more convenient description and explanation of the essence of the utility model; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the utility model.

[0032] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to the professional and technical personnel in this field. The specific embodiments described in this article are only used to illustrate the spirit of the utility model. The technicians in the technical field of the utility model can make various modifications or supplements to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar way, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the utility model or exceed the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A drilling and milling conversion mechanism for a CNC machine tool, comprising a turntable (4) and a spindle (6), wherein a guide sleeve (8) is provided at the end of the turntable (4), and the spindle (6) drills a workpiece after passing through the guide sleeve (8), characterized in that The end of the turntable (4) is provided with a moving groove (41), a first slide rail (42) is obliquely arranged in the moving groove (41), a moving block (43) is slidably arranged on the first slide rail (42), a second slide rail (44) arranged transversely is installed on the moving block (43), the guide sleeve (8) is slidably arranged on the second slide rail (44), a moving oil cylinder (10) is installed on the turntable (4), a moving cylinder (9) is installed on the moving block (43), the moving oil cylinder (10) drives the moving block (43) to move obliquely along the first slide rail (42), and the moving cylinder (9) drives the guide sleeve (8) to move transversely relative to the moving block (43), so that the guide sleeve (8) is separated from the moving path of the main shaft (6), and the main shaft (6) is directly milled.

2. A CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The turntable (4) is provided with a third slide rail, and a plurality of supporting slide blocks (411) are provided on the third slide rail. A supporting frame (412) is provided on the supporting slide block (411). The third slide rail comprises a moving section (45) and fixed sections (46) located at both ends of the moving section (45). The fixed sections (46) are fixedly mounted on the turntable (4). A rotating oil cylinder (47) is provided on the side of the moving section (45). Two mounting blocks (48) are mounted on the side of the turntable (4). The rotating oil cylinder (47) is hinged between the two mounting blocks (48). A U-shaped block (49) is fixed on the piston rod of the rotating oil cylinder (47). A transmission block (410) is hinged on the U-shaped block (49). The transmission block (410) is fixed on the side of the moving section (45). Before drilling, the movable section (45) and the fixed section (46) are collinear, the support frame (412) can move on the third slide rail, and the end of the spindle (6) passes through the support frame (412) and the guide sleeve (8) in sequence before drilling; Before the milling process, the support frame (412) on the third slide rail is moved to the moving section (45), the piston rod of the rotating cylinder (47) is shortened and drives the moving section (45) to rotate through the transmission block (410), and the support frame (412) on the moving section (45) is tilted and separated from the moving path of the main shaft (6).

3. A CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that Two guide fixing blocks (413) are also fixed on the side of the turntable (4), and a guide block (414) is fixed on the end of the side of the moving section (45). The guide block (414) is hinged to the side of the guide fixing block (413) through a rotating shaft (415), and the guide block (414) rotates synchronously with the moving section (45) around the rotating shaft (415).

4. A CNC machine tool drilling and milling conversion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The side wall of the movable groove (41) is arranged to be inclined, the inclination angle of the first slide rail (42) is the same as the inclination angle of the side wall of the movable groove (41), and the side surface of the movable block (43) is made into a contact inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the contact inclined surface is the same as the inclination angle of the movable groove (41).

5. The drilling and milling conversion mechanism of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a bed (1), on which a column moving motor is installed, on which a column (2) is slidably arranged, the output shaft of the column moving motor drives the column (2) to move laterally via a ball screw, a slide moving motor (11) is installed on the top of the column (2), on which a slide is slidably arranged, the output shaft of the slide moving motor (11) drives the slide to move up and down via a ball screw, a rotating plate (3) is fixedly connected to the slide, the rotating plate (4) is arranged on the rotating plate (3), and the rotating plate (4) can rotate on the rotating plate (3); The turntable (4) is provided with a telescopic motor, the spindle (6) and a spindle motor (5) for driving the spindle (6) to rotate; the spindle motor (5) is slidably arranged on the turntable (4); the telescopic motor drives the spindle motor (5) and the spindle (6) to move laterally relative to the turntable (4) via a ball screw.

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