Improved equal-specific-pressure cylinder hot press

Abstract

An improved equal-specific-pressure cylinder hot press comprises a machine frame with guide columns, a hot pressing mechanism is arranged on the upper portion of the machine frame, a base mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the machine frame, a rail and die mechanism is arranged between the hot pressing mechanism and the base mechanism, and the rail and die mechanism comprises a plurality of die units which are distributed regularly. A corresponding sliding plate assembly is arranged below each mold unit, a mechanical equal-specific-pressure cylinder is arranged below each mold unit, equal-specific-pressure cylinder units in one-to-one correspondence with the sliding plate assemblies are arranged in the mechanical equal-specific-pressure cylinders, equal-specific-pressure cylinder pistons are arranged in the equal-specific-pressure cylinder units, and the equal-specific-pressure cylinder pistons are arranged in the equal-specific-pressure cylinder units. Each equal-specific-pressure cylinder piston can abut against the corresponding sliding plate assembly to apply pressure, and the mechanical equal-specific-pressure function of each mold unit can be well achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hot presses, and particularly relates to an improved isobaric cylinder hot press. Background Art

[0002] A hot press is a device used to process materials under high temperature and high pressure, such as for processing materials like plastics, rubbers, composite materials, fiberboards, woods, and metals. The working principle of a hot press is to utilize its internal heating system and pressure system to heat the material to the required temperature and apply a certain pressure, thereby achieving the purposes of material welding, forming, curing, or changing physical properties.

[0003] For friction material hot presses, generally, it is a powder compaction molding process. In the traditional pressurization mode, it is easy to make the density of the powder compaction uneven, affecting the product quality. In addition, due to the inner cavity of the oil pressure type, there will be problems such as oil cylinder exhaust and difficult installation and debugging during use. For example, when there is air in the inner cavity of the oil pressure type, under the pressurized state, the pressures of each cavity will be different, resulting in different densities of the products and defective products. Therefore, it is necessary to evacuate the air in the inner cavity of the oil cylinder, which is not easy to operate and requires specialized personnel to operate.

[0004] Based on the above problems, the purpose of this research and development is to develop an isobaric cylinder device with equal pressure, simple operation, and no need for exhaust. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides an improved isobaric cylinder hot press. By using a mechanical isobaric cylinder for pressurization, when the powder has slight differences, it can rely on the mechanical isobaric pressure to make the applied pressures the same, and there is a part of the space that can be automatically adjusted. When the powder is compacted, even if there are differences in the weight and thickness of the powder in each cavity of the product, products with the same density can be completely produced, thus improving the product quality.

[0006] The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] The improved isobaric cylinder hot press includes a frame with guide columns. A hot pressing mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the frame, and a base mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the frame. A track and a mold mechanism are arranged between the hot pressing mechanism and the base mechanism. The track and the mold mechanism include several regularly distributed mold units. A corresponding sliding plate assembly is arranged below each mold unit. A mechanical isobaric cylinder is arranged below the mold unit. An isobaric cylinder unit corresponding to the sliding plate assembly is arranged in the mechanical isobaric cylinder. An isobaric cylinder piston is arranged in the isobaric cylinder unit. Each isobaric cylinder piston can abut against the corresponding sliding plate assembly to apply pressure, and can well realize the mechanical isobaric pressure function for each mold unit.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the inner side of the isobaric cylinder piston abuts against the piston top plate, and the piston top plate is supported on the substrate through an elastic support structure.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic support structure includes a movable support rod and an elastic member sleeved on the support rod, which can provide good elastic support force.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the support rod is an equal-height stud bolt, and the elastic member is a spring.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the track and die mechanism includes four die units, and four sliding plate assemblies are correspondingly arranged below the die units. The structure is reasonably arranged, and each die unit is provided with a powder cavity for placing powder materials for hot pressing operation.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects: In the isobaric cylinder mechanism of this application, by utilizing the characteristics of the spring having a set pre-pressure balance and compressibility, during pressurization, in the state of uneven powder materials, the isobaric cylinder mechanism can provide elastic force compensation and automatically fine-tune the pressurization height, so that the product will not have different densities due to uneven powder materials. This application adopts the isobaric cylinder mechanism, enabling each isobaric mechanism to independently press and compact according to the floating of the product powder materials, making the product density the same, without bubbles appearing inside the cylinder body, and solving the problem of difficult debugging. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is the front view of the hot press in the present utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 It is the three-dimensional view of a part of the structure in the hot press in the present utility model Figure 2 .

[0015] Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional view of the die unit structure in the hot press in the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 4 It is the schematic view of the sliding plate assembly and the mechanical isobaric cylinder structure in the hot press in the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 5 It is the three-dimensional view of the sliding plate assembly and the mechanical isobaric cylinder structure in the hot press in the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 6 It is the schematic view of the sliding plate assembly structure in the hot press in the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic support structure in the hot press of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the equal-ratio pressure cylinder in one embodiment of the present utility model. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following further describes the present utility model in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] In the following embodiments, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model.

[0023] See Figures 1 to 8 , the hot press involved in the present application includes a frame having guide columns 3. A hot pressing mechanism 1 is provided at the upper part of the frame, and a base mechanism 2 is provided at the lower part of the frame. A track and a mold mechanism 4 are provided between the hot pressing mechanism 1 and the base mechanism 2. The track and mold mechanism 4 includes a number of regularly distributed mold units 41. A corresponding sliding plate assembly 42 is provided below each mold unit 41. Step portions 424 are provided on both sides of each sliding plate assembly 42 in its moving direction. A number of the sliding plate assemblies 42 are horizontally distributed in two rows in its moving direction. The corresponding step portions 424 of adjacent sliding plate assemblies 42 are provided with a first floating mechanism 43. A second floating mechanism 44 is provided on the step portion 424 outside the sliding plate assembly 42. A number of elastic support structures are provided on both the first floating mechanism 43 and the second floating mechanism 44. The elastic support structure includes a movable support rod 451 and an elastic member 452 sleeved on the support rod 451 and limited. The elastic support structure on the first floating mechanism 43 is used to apply an elastic support force between the sliding plate assembly 42 and the mold unit 41. The elastic support structure on the second floating mechanism 44 is used to apply an elastic support force between the sliding plate assembly 42 and the pressure unit.

[0024] In the present application, the hot pressing mechanism 1 includes a pressing-down structure, and a pressing plate 6 is provided on the pressing-down structure. It further includes a pressing frame 5. During the hot pressing process, the pressing frame 5 acts on the second floating mechanism 44. A mechanical equal-ratio pressure cylinder 49 is provided below the sliding plate assembly 42. An equal-ratio pressure cylinder unit corresponding to the sliding plate assembly 42 is provided in the mechanical equal-ratio pressure cylinder 49. An equal-ratio pressure cylinder piston 47 is provided in these equal-ratio pressure cylinder units. Each equal-ratio pressure cylinder piston 47 can abut against the corresponding sliding plate assembly 42 to apply pressure, and can well realize the equal-ratio pressure function for each mold unit 41.

[0025] Specifically, in the present application, the inner side of the isobaric cylinder piston 47 abuts against the piston top plate 475, and the piston top plate 475 is supported on the substrate 477 through an elastic support structure. The elastic support structure also includes a support rod (equal-height column bolt) and an elastic member (spring), and this structure can achieve the function of a mechanical isobaric cylinder.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, in the present application, the track and die mechanism 4 includes four die units 41, which are distributed in a square shape; and four sliding plate assemblies 42 correspondingly arranged below each die unit 41. The structure is reasonably arranged. Each die unit 41 is provided with a powder cavity for placing powder materials for hot pressing operations. The support rod 451 is an equal-height stud, and the maximum floating distance of the first floating mechanism 43 is 10 cm, which can well meet the use requirements.

[0027] In the present application, the first floating mechanism 43 is: a strip-shaped structure with a T-shaped cross-section, and three to five elastic support structures are evenly distributed thereon; the two sides of the T-shaped strip-shaped structure are symmetrically placed on the step portions 424 of the adjacent sliding plate assemblies 42. This structure is a symmetrical structure, with uniform force transmission and high stability during operation. In addition, in the present application, the second floating mechanism 44 is: a strip-shaped structure with a convex edge on the side facing the sliding plate assembly 42, and three to five elastic support structures are evenly distributed thereon; the convex edge is placed on the step portion 424 outside the sliding plate assembly 42, with a simple structure and high stability.

[0028] In the description of the specific solutions in the present application above, the structures not described can be conventional structures and techniques in the prior art. The working principle of the hot press in the present application is as follows: Before the friction material is compacted, the powder of the friction material needs to be poured into the cavity of the die unit 41 and sent into the main machine by the die feeding mechanism. After reaching the positioning, the compaction starts. Due to the material characteristics of its powder, after the compaction is completed, the finished product will have a state where the thickness is the same but the density is uneven. Therefore, an isobaric pressing mechanism must be used so that at the beginning of the compaction action, the stroke of the elastic support structure can be variably elastic and self-adjust the compaction according to the powder state to achieve equal product density. Of course, when installing the pre-pressure on each cylinder block, all spring forces have been adjusted to be equal by using equal-height bolts and piston top plates, etc., so that the same pressure will be generated during compaction.

[0029] The reverse floating mechanism of the advancing and retreating die track is designed to prevent damage to the advancing and retreating die track in the state of powder filling. When the volume difference of the powder is too large, during compaction, the equalizing pressure cylinder and the sliding plate assembly will push out a relatively high stroke. Without the reverse floating mechanism, the advancing and retreating die track will be damaged. In this application, with the first floating mechanism 43 (reverse floating mechanism), the sliding plate assembly can have a floating space to avoid the above situation. This mechanical equalizing pressure mechanism solves the problem of difficult installation and debugging of the hydraulic type, and has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient installation. In addition, the design of the reverse floating mechanism solves the problem that the traditional track design cannot float in the reverse direction, reducing the equipment damage rate.

[0030] The technical core of this application is to provide a hot press with an equalizing pressure cylinder group that has equal pressure, is easy to operate, and does not require exhaust. The specific advantages are as follows.

[0031] (1)Optimization of the reverse floating mechanism of the advancing and retreating die track: In traditional advancing and retreating die mechanisms, fixed track mechanisms are generally used to prevent the die from sticking to the product and avoid the die being unable to disengage during mold opening, which may cause defects in the product. In this application, to match the working mode of this equalizing pressure cylinder, a first floating mechanism (reverse floating mechanism) is provided on the advancing and retreating die guiding track. Utilizing the compressible property of the elastic member 452 (spring), combined with the design of the first floating mechanism 43 and the elastic support structure with equal-height column bolts, each die unit 41 can independently operate the corresponding sliding plate assembly 42 and the first floating mechanism 43. Even if there are problems with the product powder in the die unit 41 during the early stage of compaction, the first floating mechanism 43 can provide support force to avoid damage to the mechanism caused by insufficient powder.

[0032] (2)Optimization of the equalizing pressure oil cylinder group mechanism: Existing equalizing pressure cylinder systems basically adopt hydraulic designs. Utilizing the incompressibility of oil and the characteristic of internal pressure balance, when the press is pressurized, the equalizing pressure cylinder can automatically fine-tune the pressurization height in the state of uneven powder, so that the product will not have different densities due to uneven powder. However, the hydraulic mechanism is very difficult to debug in the early stage of use. Since the inside of the equalizing pressure cylinder needs to be filled with oil to make the piston of the equalizing pressure cylinder stay in the middle of the cylinder body, air bubbles will be generated in the cavity during oil filling. To squeeze out these air bubbles, professional debugging personnel are required. If the sealing parts inside the oil cylinder need to be replaced during later use, a lot of time is required to re-debug the equalizing pressure oil cylinder to avoid product defects caused by the compressibility of air due to the problem of air inside the cylinder body. To solve this problem, this application adopts a mechanical equalizing pressure cylinder mechanism, which uses high-strength and high-rigidity springs inside, combined with a piston top plate and equal-height bolts, so that each equalizing pressure mechanism can independently float and compact according to the product powder, making the product density the same and avoiding the generation of air bubbles due to oil injection inside the cylinder body, and solving the problem of difficult debugging.

[0033] The protection scope of the present utility model includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. The protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the claims, and any substitutions, deformations, and improvements that are easily conceivable by those skilled in the art to this technology shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An improved isometric cylinder hot press, comprising a frame with a guide column (3), a hot pressing mechanism (1) being provided on the upper part of the frame, a base mechanism (2) being provided on the lower part of the frame, a track and a mold mechanism (4) being provided between the hot pressing mechanism (1) and the base mechanism (2), characterized in that: The track and mold mechanism (4) comprises a plurality of regularly distributed mold units (41), each of which is provided with a corresponding sliding plate assembly (42) below the mold unit (41), and a mechanical isobaric pressure cylinder (49) is provided below the mold unit (41), wherein isobaric pressure cylinder units corresponding to the sliding plate assemblies (42) are provided in the mechanical isobaric pressure cylinder (49), and each isobaric pressure cylinder piston (47) is provided in the isobaric pressure cylinder unit, and each isobaric pressure cylinder piston (47) can press against the corresponding sliding plate assembly (42) to apply pressure.

2. The improved isobaric hot press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the isobaric cylinder piston (47) abuts against the piston top plate (475), and the piston top plate (475) is supported on the base plate (477) via an elastic support structure.

3. The improved isobaric hot press according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic support structure comprises a movable support rod (451) and an elastic member (452) sleeved on the support rod (451).

4. The improved isobaric hot press according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support rod (451) is a column bolt of equal height, and the elastic member (452) is a spring.

5. The improved isobaric hot press according to claim 4, characterized in that: The track and mold mechanism comprises four mold units (41), and four sliding plate assemblies (42) are correspondingly arranged below the mold units (41).

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