Antenna structure

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna structure. The antenna structure comprises a reflecting plate, at least two radiation oscillators and at least one bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator, the reflecting plate is provided with at least two installation stations, the radiation oscillators and the installation stations are installed in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and at least one bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator is arranged on one installation station. The bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillators and the radiation oscillators are arranged on the same plane of the reflecting plate, and the opening directions of the bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillators are opposite to the reflecting plate. The radiation oscillators are placed in the bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillators to form a high-frequency array structure and can receive and emit high-frequency electromagnetic wave signals, and the radiation oscillators are placed outside the bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillators to form a low-frequency array structure and can receive and emit low-frequency electromagnetic wave signals. By setting the internal and external relations of the radiation oscillators and the bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillators in different combination forms on the reflecting plate, frequency customization of receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves of the antenna structure is realized, and multi-band coverage and more flexible communication application can be realized according to use scenes by combining the advantages of antennas in different bands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of radiation antennas, and particularly relates to an antenna structure. Background Art

[0002] An antenna system is an overall system composed of multiple radiation units, a feed source, a reflector, a support structure, etc., and is used to transmit or receive radio wave signals. The antenna generates an electromagnetic field through the flow of current on a conductor, and converts electrical energy into radio wave radiation; or generates an induced current through the radiation field of the received radio wave, and converts the electromagnetic wave energy into electrical energy.

[0003] In an antenna system, a combination of high-frequency elements and low-frequency elements is usually adopted to adjust the electromagnetic wave frequency. However, the applicable frequency of the antenna system in the prior art is fixedly set, and the operating frequency range of the elements is narrow and cannot include both low frequency and high frequency at the same time, making it difficult to adjust the elements according to the usage scenario. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical object of the utility model is to provide an antenna structure, aiming to solve the problem that the operating frequency of the antenna structure is difficult to adjust.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the utility model is implemented as follows. An antenna structure includes a reflector, at least two radiation elements, and at least one bowl-shaped low-frequency element;

[0006] The reflector is provided with at least two installation positions, and each of the radiation elements is installed corresponding to each of the installation positions one by one, and at least one of the bowl-shaped low-frequency elements is arranged on one of the installation positions;

[0007] Each of the bowl-shaped low-frequency elements and each of the radiation elements are arranged on the same plane of the reflector, and the opening directions of each of the bowl-shaped low-frequency elements face away from the reflector.

[0008] In some embodiments of the utility model, each of the installation positions is provided with an installation hole. Each of the radiation elements includes a main body assembly and a cable fixedly connected to the main body assembly, and the cable passes through the installation hole to the side of the reflector away from the main body assembly.

[0009] In some embodiments of the utility model, the main body assembly includes a loading piece, a radiation unit, and an insulating seat connected in sequence. The radiation unit is arranged between the loading piece and the insulating seat, and the insulating seat is detachably connected to the reflector.

[0010] In some embodiments of the utility model, the radiation unit includes a plurality of radiation surfaces, and the extending directions of each of the radiation surfaces are perpendicular to the plane direction of the reflector.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the radiation unit further includes a connecting member, each of the radiation surfaces is fixedly connected to the connecting member, the connecting member is provided with a clamping groove, and the insulating seat is provided with a convex portion that is clamped with the clamping groove.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present utility model, a feeding piece is arranged in the radiation unit, the feeding piece is fixedly connected to the cable, and the insulating seat is provided with an opening for passing the cable.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present utility model, a detachable support member is arranged between the loading piece and the radiation unit, and the plane extension direction of the loading piece is parallel to the extension direction of the reflector.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the loading piece is provided with a connecting hole, the support member is provided with an elastic portion inserted into the connecting hole towards the loading piece, the elastic portion includes two elastic buckles, and the two elastic buckles have a moving direction of approaching or separating.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present utility model, each bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator includes a base and a plurality of connecting segments connected to the base, the base is detachably connected to the reflector, the base is provided with a through hole corresponding to the mounting hole, and an opening angle is formed between the extension direction of each connecting segment and the plane extension direction of the reflector.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the opening angle is 30° to 45°.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the antenna structure in the present utility model lies in:

[0018] The present application provides an antenna structure, including a reflector, at least two radiation oscillators, and at least one bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator; the reflector is provided with at least two mounting positions, each radiation oscillator is installed corresponding to each mounting position one by one, and at least one bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator is arranged on one mounting position; each bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator and each radiation oscillator are arranged on the same plane of the reflector, and the opening directions of each bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator face away from the reflector. The bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator is usually designed to work in a lower frequency range and process low-frequency signals such as long waves, medium waves, or short waves. The radiation oscillator is placed inside the bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator to form a high-frequency array structure, which can receive and transmit high-frequency electromagnetic wave signals. The radiation oscillator is placed outside the bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator to form a low-frequency array structure, which can receive and transmit low-frequency electromagnetic wave signals. By setting the internal and external relationships of different combinations of radiation oscillators and bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillators on the reflector, the frequency customization of the antenna structure for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves is realized, combining the advantages of antennas in different frequency bands, and multi-band coverage and more flexible communication applications can be achieved for different usage scenarios. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna structure in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic exploded view of the antenna structure in;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the radiation element in the antenna structure in;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic exploded view of the radiation element in the antenna structure in.

[0023] In the drawings, each reference numeral represents:

[0024] 100, antenna structure; 11, reflector; 111, mounting hole; 112, threaded hole; 12, radiation element; 121, cable; 122, loading piece; 1221, connection hole; 123, radiation unit; 1231, radiation surface; 1232, connecting piece; 1233, card slot; 1234, feeding piece; 1235, hanging hole; 124, insulating seat; 1241, convex part; 1242, opening; 125, support piece; 1251, elastic buckle; 1252, hook; 13, bowl-shaped low-frequency element; 131, connecting section; 132, base. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0025] The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "circumferential", "radial", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , this application proposes an antenna structure 100, which includes a reflector 11, at least two radiation elements 12, and at least one bowl-shaped low-frequency element 13; the reflector 11 is provided with at least two installation positions, and each radiation element 12 is installed corresponding to each installation position one by one, and at least one bowl-shaped low-frequency element 13 is arranged at one installation position; each bowl-shaped low-frequency element 13 and each radiation element are arranged on the same plane of the reflector 11, and the opening direction of each bowl-shaped low-frequency element 13 is set away from the reflector 11.

[0029] The bowl-shaped low-frequency element 13 is usually designed to work in a lower frequency range, such as several hundred megahertz to several gigahertz, or even lower frequencies, for processing low-frequency signals such as long waves, medium waves, or short waves. The radiation element 12 is placed inside the bowl-shaped low-frequency element 13 to form a high-frequency array structure, which can receive and transmit high-frequency electromagnetic wave signals. The radiation element 12 is placed outside the bowl-shaped low-frequency element 13 to form a low-frequency array structure, which can receive and transmit low-frequency electromagnetic wave signals. By setting the internal and external relationships of the radiation elements 12 and the bowl-shaped low-frequency elements 13 in different combination forms on the reflector 11, the frequency customization of the antenna structure 100 for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves is realized, combining the advantages of antennas in different frequency bands, and multi-band coverage and more flexible communication applications can be achieved.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1In this embodiment, two radiation arrays 12 and a bowl-shaped low-frequency array 13 are provided on the reflector 11, thereby forming a high-frequency radiation structure and a low-frequency radiation structure. In other embodiments, each radiation array 12 on the reflector 11 may be provided with a bowl-shaped low-frequency array 13 to achieve a fully covered high-frequency radiation area, which is not limited here.

[0031] Among them, the reflector 11 in the antenna structure 100 is an important component for reflecting or focusing electromagnetic waves. The reflector 11 can reflect electromagnetic waves from the radiating element, making the beam more concentrated and directional, thereby enhancing the transmission and reception directivity of the antenna. That is, the signal capture and radiation efficiency of the antenna in a specific direction is improved, thereby expanding the communication coverage or enhancing the signal transmission quality. The reflector 11 can also help improve the efficiency of the antenna by refocusing the scattered electromagnetic waves to the main radiation direction to reduce energy loss.

[0032] The radiation array 12 and the bowl-shaped low-frequency array 13 are arranged on the same side of the reflector 11, which can improve the propagation range and quality of the electromagnetic wave signal, avoid external interference and damage, reduce mutual interference between different components, and improve the performance stability of the overall antenna structure 100. In addition, the radiation array 12 and the bowl-shaped low-frequency array 13 have the same radiation direction, and the electromagnetic wave signals of the two are coupled, and the electromagnetic wave can be modulated according to the actual use situation.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 2 In this embodiment, each installation station is provided with an installation hole 111, and each radiation array 12 includes a main body component and a cable 121 fixedly connected to the main body component, and the cable 121 passes through the installation hole 111 to the side of the reflector 11 away from the main body component. Combined with the above-mentioned technical solution of directly installing the radiation array 12 and the bowl-shaped low-frequency array 13 on the reflector 11, the installation bracket erected between the radiation array 12 and the reflector 11 in the related technology is reduced, saving space and reducing the volume. There is no need to consider the problem of the inability to ground the plastic bracket and the cost and weight caused by the die-cast bracket, which reduces the types of materials, reduces the installation steps, improves production efficiency and reduces costs.

[0034] At the same time, it also reduces the back radiation of the antenna, avoids the transmission of the signal toward the back of the antenna, and thus improves the forward radiation efficiency of the antenna. And by combining with the reflector 11, it improves the efficiency of the radiation array 12 and improves the signal transmission and reception performance.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, specifically, the main body component includes a loading sheet 122, a radiation unit 123, and an insulating base 124 that are connected in sequence. The radiation unit 123 is disposed between the loading sheet 122 and the insulating base 124, and the insulating base 124 is detachably connected to the reflector 11. The material of the reflector 11 can be a metal material. To prevent short circuits in the electronic devices within the antenna structure 100, an insulating base 124 is provided between the main body component of the radiation unit 123 and the reflector 11, which serves the functions of insulating isolation and fixed connection. Among them, the detachable connection form between the insulating base 124 and the reflector 11 can be in forms such as screw locking, snap fit, and pin. In this embodiment, threaded holes 112 are provided on the insulating base 124 and the reflector 11, and they are locked by screw components.

[0036] In this embodiment, the radiation unit 123 includes a plurality of radiation surfaces 1231, and the extending direction of each radiation surface 1231 is perpendicular to the plane direction of the reflector 11. The extending direction of the plurality of radiation surfaces 1231 is the radiation direction of the radiation element 12. The radiation direction is the same as the axial direction of the radiation element 12 and perpendicular to the plane of the reflector 11. The electromagnetic wave signal is emitted from the radiation element 12. When the electromagnetic wave is radiated by the antenna and encounters the reflector 11, the reflector 11 can redirect these beams to present different radiation directions. By reasonably setting the position and angle of the reflector 11, the directivity of the electromagnetic wave radiation is enhanced, making the radiation more concentrated in a specific direction.

[0037] Furthermore, the radiation unit 123 further includes a connecting member 1232. Each radiation surface 1231 is fixedly connected to the connecting member 1232. The connecting member 1232 is provided with a slot 1233, and the insulating base 124 is provided with a convex portion 1241 that is snap-fitted with the slot 1233. The radiation surface 1231 is perpendicular to the reflector 11, which can reduce the projected area of the radiation surface 1231 on the reflector 11, avoiding the disadvantage that the position of the connecting member 1232 cannot be fastened when it is exactly below the radiation surface 1231 during fixation, and improving the production efficiency. The connecting member 1232 serves the function of simultaneously fixing a plurality of radiation surfaces 1231, and then the radiation surfaces 1231 are fixed to the reflector 11 through the snap-fit form of the slot 1233 and the convex portion 1241, improving the assembly efficiency and stability. In other embodiments, the connection form between the insulating base 124 and the connecting member 1232 can also be in forms such as plug-in connection and threaded connection, which are not limited herein.

[0038] To achieve the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals, a feeding piece 1234 is provided inside the radiation unit 123. The feeding piece 1234 is fixedly connected to the cable 121, and the insulating seat 124 is provided with an opening 1242 for passing the cable 121. During the transmission process, the feeding piece 1234 transmits the radio frequency energy output by the transmitter into the antenna system for radiation. The opening 1242 provided in the insulating seat 124 protects the cable 121, preventing the solder joints from cracking and falling off during the bending process. Its overall structural stability is higher, the protection of the solder joints is better, and the reliability is better.

[0039] During the reception process, the feeding piece 1234 transmits the received radio frequency energy from the antenna system to the receiver for processing. The feeding piece 1234 can play a role in impedance matching, so that the impedance between the output end of the transmitter or receiver and the antenna system is matched, thereby maximizing the energy transmission and reducing the signal reflection loss. In some types of antennas, the feeding piece 1234 itself may also act as a radiator to emit radio frequency energy. For example, in some microstrip antennas, the feeding piece 1234 is both a transmission line and a radiator.

[0040] A detachable support member 125 is provided between the loading piece 122 and the radiation unit 123. The plane extension direction of the loading piece 122 is parallel to the extension direction of the reflector 11. The loading piece 122 can be used to adjust the input impedance of the antenna to achieve the best impedance matching with the feeding piece 1234. By adjusting the parameters of the loading piece 122, the reflection loss can be effectively reduced and the energy transmission efficiency can be improved. The parallel arrangement of the loading piece 122 and the reflector 11 can enhance each other, making the overall directivity of the antenna structure 100 more concentrated and clear, helping the antenna to obtain higher gain in a specific direction and improving the signal transmission and reception efficiency. It can simplify the structural design of the antenna system, reduce unnecessary complexity and cost. This configuration can more easily achieve the debugging and optimization of the antenna.

[0041] Specifically, the loading piece 122 is provided with a connection hole 1221. The support member 125 is provided with an elastic part inserted into the connection hole 1221 facing the loading piece 122. The elastic part includes two elastic buckles 1251 and the two elastic buckles 1251 have a moving direction of approaching or separating. By squeezing the two opposite elastic buckles 1251, they enter the connection hole 1221, and the connection hole 1221 restricts the two elastic buckles 1251 from separating and is clamped and fixed with the elastic buckles 1251. A limiting part can also be provided at one end of the elastic buckle 1251 close to the loading piece 122. By squeezing the two elastic buckles 1251, the limiting part passes through the connection hole 1221. After releasing the two elastic buckles 1251, the limiting part abuts against the periphery of the connection hole 1221 to restrict the two elastic buckles 1251 from detaching from the connection hole 1221, thereby realizing the stable connection of the support member 125 to the loading piece 122.

[0042] By adjusting the length and elasticity of the support member 125 to change the relative positions of the loading sheet 122 and the feeding sheet 1234, the frequency tuning of the antenna can be achieved, and then the radiation pattern of the antenna can be regulated to meet the requirements of different application scenarios. This helps to ensure that the antenna has good performance near the designed frequency, including high radiation efficiency and matching performance.

[0043] In this embodiment, the elastic part of the support member 125 further includes a hook 1252 facing away from the elastic buckle 1251. A hanging hole 1235 is provided at one end of the radiation unit 123 facing the loading sheet 122. The hook 1252 is hung with the hanging hole 1235 for connecting and fixing the radiation unit 123 and the loading sheet 122, which has the advantage of fast disassembly and assembly efficiency.

[0044] In this embodiment, each bowl-shaped low-frequency dipole 13 includes a base 132 and a plurality of connecting segments 131 connected to the base 132. The base 132 is detachably connected to the reflector 11. A through hole corresponding to the mounting hole 111 is provided through the base 132. An opening angle exists between the extending direction of each connecting segment 131 and the plane extending direction of the reflector 11. The connection form between the base 132 of the bowl-shaped low-frequency dipole 13 and the reflector 11 can be in forms such as screw assemblies, snap connections, and pins. When the radiation dipole 12 is nested inside the bowl-shaped low-frequency dipole 13, the insulating seat 124 of the radiation dipole 12 and the base 132 of the bowl-shaped low-frequency dipole 13 are assembled together at the same mounting station. Threaded holes 112 can be provided at the mounting station to connect the insulating seat 124 and the base 132 together to the reflector 11, thereby improving the assembly efficiency.

[0045] It can be understood that when the radiation dipole 12 is nested inside the bowl-shaped low-frequency dipole 13, there is no need to raise the radiation dipole 12. The height of the connecting segment 131 of the bowl-shaped low-frequency dipole 13 can be reduced, so that the weight and size of the antenna structure 100 are reduced, which is convenient for installation, and the wave width converges. The performance is equivalent to that of the antenna structure 100 with the radiation dipole 12 raised, reducing the antenna cost and improving the working efficiency.

[0046] Specifically, the connecting section 131 of the bowl-shaped low-frequency oscillator 13 needs to protrude outward, and the formed opening angle is the acute angle between the reflector 11 and the connecting section 131. The opening angle is 30° to 45°, and can be, for example, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, etc. If the angle between the connecting section 131 and the reflector 11 is too large, that is, the distance from the reflector 11 is too far, it will lead to a weakened focusing effect of the low-frequency radiation oscillator 12, thereby weakening the gain and directivity performance of the antenna structure 100 and making the signal transmission or reception effect worse. On the contrary, if the angle between the connecting section 131 and the reflector 11 is too small, that is, the distance from the reflector 11 is too close, it will also cause the performance of the antenna structure 100 to decline. Too small an angle may cause the reflector 11 to interfere with or diffract the signal emitted by the antenna structure 100, affecting the radiation characteristics and directivity performance of the antenna structure 100.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: It includes a reflector, at least two radiation arrays and at least one bowl-shaped low-frequency array; The reflector is provided with at least two installation stations, each of the radiation arrays is installed and arranged correspondingly to each of the installation stations, and at least one of the bowl-shaped low-frequency arrays is arranged on one of the installation stations; Each of the bowl-shaped low-frequency arrays and each of the radiation arrays are arranged on the same plane of the reflection plate, and the opening direction of each of the bowl-shaped low-frequency arrays is arranged away from the reflection plate.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the installation stations is provided with an installation hole, and each of the radiation arrays includes a main body component and a cable fixedly connected to the main body component, and the cable passes through the installation hole to the side of the reflector away from the main body component.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main body component comprises a loading plate, a radiation unit and an insulating seat which are connected in sequence, the radiation unit is arranged between the loading plate and the insulating seat, and the insulating seat is detachably connected to the reflection plate.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiation unit includes a plurality of radiation surfaces, and an extension direction of each radiation surface is perpendicular to a plane direction of the reflection plate.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radiation unit further comprises a connector, each of the radiation surfaces is fixedly connected to the connector, the connector is provided with a slot, and the insulating seat is provided with a convex portion which is engaged with the slot.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A feeding plate is arranged in the radiation unit, the feeding plate is fixedly connected to the cable, and the insulating seat is provided with an opening for passing the cable.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A detachably connected support member is provided between the loading plate and the radiation unit, and the plane extension direction of the loading plate is kept parallel to the extension direction of the reflection plate.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The loading plate is provided with a connection hole, and the supporting member is provided with an elastic part inserted into the connection hole toward the loading plate, and the elastic part includes two elastic buckles, and the two elastic buckles have a moving direction of approaching or moving away from each other.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the bowl-shaped low-frequency arrays includes a base and a plurality of connecting sections connected to the base. The base is detachably connected to the reflector plate. The base is provided with a through hole corresponding to the mounting hole. An extension direction of each of the connecting sections has an opening angle with a plane extension direction of the reflector plate.

10. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The opening angle is 30° to 45°.

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