Workpiece clamping structure for horizontal machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to a workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, which belongs to the technical field of horizontal machine tools, and comprises a hydraulic cylinder body, a hydraulic shaft sleeve, a hydraulic cylinder cover and an elastic chuck, an accommodating cavity is arranged in the hydraulic shaft sleeve, at least part of the elastic chuck is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, an accommodating groove is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder body, and the accommodating groove is communicated with the hydraulic shaft sleeve. The containing groove at least contains part of the elastic chuck, the hydraulic shaft sleeve is located between the hydraulic cylinder body and the hydraulic cylinder cover and can do reciprocating motion between the hydraulic cylinder body and the hydraulic cylinder cover, and when the hydraulic shaft sleeve moves in the direction opposite to the hydraulic cylinder cover, the inner diameter of the elastic chuck is reduced to clamp a workpiece. When the hydraulic shaft sleeve moves towards the hydraulic cylinder cover, the inner diameter of the elastic chuck is increased to loosen the workpiece, and the two ends of the elastic chuck are both provided with tapers. The workpiece clamping structure for the horizontal machine tool is reasonable in structure, good in clamping force and capable of stably clamping a workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of horizontal machine tools, and particularly refers to a workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool. Background Art

[0002] Spline sleeves and spline shafts are both used to transmit mechanical torque. A spline connection consists of an internal spline and an external spline. Both the internal and external splines are multi-tooth parts. The spline on the inner cylindrical surface is the internal spline, and the spline on the outer cylindrical surface is the external spline. Therefore, a spline sleeve is actually an internal spline, and a spline shaft is an external spline. According to the different tooth profiles, spline connections can be divided into two categories: rectangular splines and involute splines. Both of these two types of splines have been standardized. The traditional processing process of spline sleeves is relatively complex, and the processing equipment is expensive. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of spline sleeves is relatively high.

[0003] The domestic database discloses a utility model with the application number 202221626848.1 and the patent name of a broaching machine for processing spline sleeves. It includes a die bed, a hydraulic cylinder fixed bed, and a die. A hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder fixed bed. A workpiece positioning fixture is arranged between the die bed and the hydraulic cylinder fixed bed. A die moving unit is arranged on the die bed, and the die moving unit is used to support and translate the die. The die is in the shape of a cylindrical rod, and a plurality of grooved teeth are arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the die. The plurality of grooved teeth are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the die, and multiple rows of grooved teeth are arranged in a circumferential array with the central axis of the die as the center. The workpiece positioning fixture is used to position the workpiece. The workpiece is in the shape of a cylinder. When processing the workpiece, the front end of the die passes through the inside of the workpiece and is fixedly connected to the movable shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder. Although the above structure can solve the above technical problems, it can only process the internal spline groove of a circular tube workpiece. It cannot clamp the workpiece and only relies on the workpiece positioning fixture to axially position the circular tube workpiece. If the circular tube workpiece deviates, it is easy to reduce the yield rate of the circular tube workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool with a reasonable structure, good clamping force, and capable of stably clamping the workpiece.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved as follows:

[0006] A workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, comprising a hydraulic cylinder body, a hydraulic bushing, a hydraulic cylinder cover and an elastic chuck. An accommodation cavity is provided in the hydraulic bushing, and at least part of the elastic chuck is accommodated in the accommodation cavity. An accommodation groove is provided in the hydraulic cylinder body, and at least part of the elastic chuck is accommodated in the accommodation groove. The hydraulic bushing is located between the hydraulic cylinder body and the hydraulic cylinder cover and can reciprocate between the hydraulic cylinder body and the hydraulic cylinder cover. When the hydraulic bushing moves in the direction away from the hydraulic cylinder cover, the inner diameter of the elastic chuck shrinks to clamp the workpiece. When the hydraulic bushing moves in the direction towards the hydraulic cylinder cover, the inner diameter of the elastic chuck becomes larger to release the workpiece. Tapers are provided at both ends of the elastic chuck. A workpiece abutting device is further provided on the hydraulic cylinder body. The workpiece abutting device is located in the accommodation groove and is arranged close to the elastic chuck.

[0007] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the workpiece abutting device comprises an adjusting seat, an adjusting sleeve and a locking nut. The adjusting sleeve is connected to the adjusting seat by threads. The adjusting seat is fixed in the hydraulic cylinder body. The locking nut is screwed on the adjusting sleeve, and the locking nut can lock the adjusting sleeve on the adjusting seat. One end of the adjusting sleeve facing the elastic chuck abuts against the workpiece.

[0008] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the hydraulic bushing comprises an outer bushing and an adjusting sleeve. The outer bushing and the adjusting sleeve are connected to each other by threads.

[0009] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the position of the adjusting sleeve in the outer bushing can be adjusted by threads.

[0010] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, a guiding step is provided at one end of the adjusting sleeve close to the hydraulic cylinder cover, and at least part of the guiding step is in contact with the inner wall of the outer bushing.

[0011] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, a sealing sleeve is provided between the bushing body and the hydraulic cylinder body and the hydraulic cylinder cover.

[0012] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, a first sealing groove is provided on the outer side surface of the sealing sleeve, and an O-ring is provided in the first sealing groove. At least one second sealing groove is provided on the inner side surface of the sealing sleeve, and a sealing ring is provided in the second sealing groove.

[0013] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the sealing sleeve is made of copper.

[0014] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the accommodation groove is provided with a taper.

[0015] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, when the inner diameter of the elastic chuck shrinks, the inner diameters of the taper openings at both ends of the elastic chuck are the same.

[0016] The prominent and beneficial technical effects of the present utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0017] In the present utility model, through the mutual cooperation of the hydraulic cylinder body, the hydraulic bushing, the hydraulic cylinder cover and the elastic chuck, when the hydraulic bushing moves towards the hydraulic cylinder body, it will push the elastic chuck to contract. The inner hole of the elastic chuck will shrink simultaneously, and the elastic chuck will clamp the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be stably clamped without offset, improving the yield rate of the product. When the hydraulic bushing moves away from the hydraulic cylinder body, the elastic chuck returns to its initial state, and the elastic chuck will release the workpiece, facilitating the removal of the workpiece. The taper designed on the elastic chuck is to enable the elastic chuck to contract better and stably clamp the cylindrical workpiece, so that it will not offset during spline processing and has better coaxiality. The designed workpiece abutting device can control the position of the round tube workpiece in the elastic chuck by adjusting the position of the adjusting sleeve on the adjusting seat, and after adjusting the position, the adjusting sleeve can be fixed on the adjusting seat by the locking nut. Moreover, the adjusting seat is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder body. At the same time, using the locking nut to lock is also for the convenience of subsequent disassembly and maintenance. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is another structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is the sectional view of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 is the enlarged view of part A of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 is the exploded view of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 is the exploded sectional view of the present utility model.

[0024] The meanings represented by the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0025] 1 - Hydraulic cylinder body; 2 - Hydraulic bushing; 3 - Hydraulic cylinder cover; 4 - Elastic chuck; 5 - Workpiece abutting device; 11 - Receiving groove; 20 - Receiving cavity; 21 - Outer bushing; 22 - Adjusting sleeve; 23 - Guide step; 51 - Adjusting seat; 52 - Adjusting sleeve; 53 - Locking nut; 213 - Sealing ring; 215 - Sealing sleeve; 216 - First sealing groove; 217 - O-ring; 218 - Second sealing groove; 219 - Sealing ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The following further describes the present utility model in combination with specific embodiments:

[0027] As Figures 1 - 6 shown: A workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, including a hydraulic cylinder body 1, a hydraulic bushing 2, a hydraulic cylinder head 3 and an elastic chuck 4. An accommodation cavity 20 is provided in the hydraulic bushing 2, and at least a part of the elastic chuck 4 is accommodated in the accommodation cavity 20. An accommodation groove 11 is provided in the hydraulic cylinder body 1, and at least a part of the elastic chuck 4 is accommodated in the accommodation groove 11. The hydraulic bushing 2 is located between the hydraulic cylinder body 1 and the hydraulic cylinder head 3 and can reciprocate between the hydraulic cylinder body 1 and the hydraulic cylinder head 3. When the hydraulic bushing 2 moves away from the hydraulic cylinder head 3, the inner diameter of the elastic chuck 4 shrinks to clamp the workpiece. When the hydraulic bushing 2 moves towards the hydraulic cylinder head 3, the inner diameter of the elastic chuck 4 becomes larger to release the workpiece. Tapers are provided at both ends of the elastic chuck 4. A workpiece abutting device 5 is further provided on the hydraulic cylinder body 1. The workpiece abutting device 5 is located in the accommodation groove 11 and is arranged close to the elastic chuck 4. Specifically, through the mutual cooperation of the hydraulic cylinder body, the hydraulic bushing, the hydraulic cylinder head and the elastic chuck, when the hydraulic bushing moves towards the hydraulic cylinder body, it will push the elastic chuck to contract, and the elastic chuck will clamp the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be stably clamped. The designed workpiece abutting device is used to abut the workpiece to ensure that the workpiece will not shift and improve the yield of the product. When the hydraulic bushing moves away from the hydraulic cylinder body, the elastic chuck returns to its initial state, and the elastic chuck will release the workpiece, facilitating the removal of the workpiece. The designed taper is to enable the elastic chuck to contract better and stably clamp the cylindrical workpiece so that it will not shift during spline processing.

[0028] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the workpiece abutting device 5 includes an adjusting seat 51, an adjusting sleeve 52 and a locking nut 53. The adjusting sleeve 52 is connected to the adjusting seat 51 through threads. The adjusting seat 51 is fixed in the hydraulic cylinder body 1. The locking nut 53 is screwed on the adjusting sleeve 52, and the locking nut 53 can lock the adjusting sleeve 52 on the adjusting seat 51. One end of the adjusting sleeve 52 facing the elastic chuck 4 abuts against the workpiece. Specifically, the position of the round tube workpiece in the elastic chuck can be controlled by adjusting the position of the adjusting sleeve on the adjusting seat, and after adjusting the position, the adjusting sleeve can be fixed on the adjusting seat by the locking nut. The adjusting seat is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder body. At the same time, using the locking nut for locking is also for convenient subsequent disassembly and maintenance.

[0029] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the hydraulic bushing 2 includes an outer bushing 21 and an adjusting sleeve 22. The outer bushing 21 and the adjusting sleeve 22 are connected to each other by threads. The adjusting sleeve 22 can be adjusted in position within the outer bushing 21 by threads. Specifically, this can adjust the clamping tightness of the elastic chuck. Since the moving distance of the hydraulic bushing is fixed, when the adjusting sleeve is set away from the receiving groove, the hydraulic bushing moves towards the hydraulic cylinder block, and the hydraulic bushing cannot compress the elastic chuck to the minimum. At this time, the clamping force of the elastic chuck weakens; when the adjusting sleeve is set close to the receiving groove, the hydraulic bushing moves towards the hydraulic cylinder block, and the hydraulic bushing can compress the elastic chuck to the minimum. At this time, the clamping force of the elastic chuck increases.

[0030] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, a guiding step 23 is provided at one end of the adjusting sleeve 22 close to the hydraulic cylinder cover 3. Specifically, the designed guiding step is to facilitate the cooperation of the adjusting sleeve with the hydraulic bushing and improve the use stability of the two.

[0031] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, a sealing sleeve 215 is provided between the bushing body 211 and the hydraulic cylinder block 1 and the hydraulic cylinder cover 3. A first sealing groove 216 is provided on the outer side surface of the sealing sleeve 215, and an O-ring 217 is provided in the first sealing groove 216. At least one second sealing groove 218 is provided on the inner side surface of the sealing sleeve 215, and a sealing ring 219 is provided in the second sealing groove 218. Specifically, this is to ensure that the oil fluid will not seep to other positions, and the oil fluid can always be within the accommodating space.

[0032] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the sealing sleeve 215 is made of copper material. Specifically, this can avoid scratching the hydraulic bushing and ensure its sealing performance.

[0033] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, the receiving groove 11 has a taper. Specifically, this is to cooperate with the elastic chuck, and the taper of the receiving groove is the same as that of the elastic chuck.

[0034] In the above workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, when the inner diameter of the elastic chuck 4 shrinks, the inner diameters of the two tapered ends of the elastic chuck 4 are the same. Specifically, this can better clamp the workpiece.

[0035] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydraulic cylinder body (1), a hydraulic sleeve (2), a hydraulic cylinder head (3) and an elastic chuck (4); the hydraulic sleeve (2) is provided with a receiving cavity (20), the receiving cavity (20) at least partially receiving the elastic chuck (4); the hydraulic cylinder body (1) is provided with a receiving groove (11), the receiving groove (11) at least partially receiving the elastic chuck (4); the hydraulic sleeve (2) is located between the hydraulic cylinder body (1) and the hydraulic cylinder head (3), and can be arranged between the hydraulic cylinder body (1) and the hydraulic cylinder head (3); ), when the hydraulic sleeve (2) moves away from the hydraulic cylinder head (3), the inner diameter of the elastic chuck (4) is reduced to clamp the workpiece; when the hydraulic sleeve (2) moves toward the hydraulic cylinder head (3), the inner diameter of the elastic chuck (4) is increased to release the workpiece; both ends of the elastic chuck (4) are provided with tapers; a workpiece abutment device (5) is also provided on the hydraulic cylinder body (1); the workpiece abutment device (5) is located in the accommodating groove (11) and is arranged close to the elastic chuck (4).

2. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece abutment device (5) comprises an adjustment seat (51), an adjustment sleeve (52) and a locking nut (53); the adjustment sleeve (52) and the adjustment seat (51) are connected to each other via a thread; the adjustment seat (51) is fixed in the hydraulic cylinder body (1); the locking nut (53) is screwed onto the adjustment sleeve (52); and the locking nut (53) can lock the adjustment sleeve (52) on the adjustment seat (51); and one end of the adjustment sleeve (52) facing the elastic chuck (4) abuts against the workpiece.

3. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic sleeve (2) comprises an outer sleeve (21) and an adjusting sleeve (22), and the outer sleeve (21) and the adjusting sleeve (22) are connected to each other via threads.

4. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The position of the adjusting sleeve (22) in the outer shaft sleeve (21) can be adjusted via threads.

5. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide step (23) is provided at one end of the adjustment sleeve (22) close to the hydraulic cylinder cover (3).

6. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing sleeve (215) is provided between the hydraulic shaft sleeve (2), the hydraulic cylinder body (1) and the hydraulic cylinder cover (3).

7. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer side surface of the sealing sleeve (215) is provided with a sealing groove 1 (216), an O-ring (217) is provided in the sealing groove 1 (216), and the inner side surface of the sealing sleeve (215) is provided with at least one sealing groove 2 (218), a sealing ring (219) is provided in the sealing groove 2 (218).

8. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing sleeve (215) is made of copper.

9. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, characterized in that: The accommodating groove (11) is provided with a taper.

10. The workpiece clamping structure for a horizontal machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the inner diameter of the elastic chuck (4) is reduced, the inner diameters of the tapered openings at both ends of the elastic chuck (4) are consistent.

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