Motor with encoder

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor with an encoder, and belongs to the technical field of motors, the motor comprises a motor body and the encoder, the encoder comprises a magnetic head and a detection chip, the motor body is sleeved with an outer shell, the rear side face of the outer shell is open and covered with a rear cover, and the rear cover is provided with a stepped hole. The rear end of a main shaft of the motor body penetrates out of the stepped hole and is provided with a magnetic head, the stepped hole comprises a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole, the calibers of the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole are sequentially arranged from small to large, a rear bearing is installed in the second through hole, a rear cover is rotationally connected with the main shaft through the rear bearing, and an adapter is installed in the third through hole. And the detection chip is arranged on the adapter. The structure of the motor is further optimized, the independently-arranged adapter is adopted to be matched with installation of the encoder, a rear bearing locking mode is adopted, the distance between a magnetic head of the magnetic encoder and a chip can be controlled to the maximum extent, and normal operation of the encoder is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of electric machinery, and particularly to an electric machine with an encoder. Background Art

[0002] An electric machine, commonly known as a motor, is an electromagnetic device that realizes the conversion or transmission of electrical energy based on the law of electromagnetic induction. An electric machine generally includes a stator and a rotor. The stator includes laminated cores and coil windings wound around the laminated cores. The rotor includes a rotating shaft and a rotor core sleeved on the rotating shaft, and permanent magnets are provided on the outer edge of the rotor core. The main function of the electric machine in a circuit is to generate a driving torque and serve as a power source for electrical appliances or various machines.

[0003] To improve the operating stability of the electric machine, it is usually necessary to install a position sensor to detect the position signal of the rotor of the electric machine, and then the controller controls the electric machine with high performance according to the position signal. An encoder is a relatively commonly used position sensor, mainly including a magnetoresistive sensor chip, a magnetic head, and a signal processing circuit, etc. Among them, the magnetic head generates a position signal as the motor rotor rotates, the sensor chip collects this position signal, and sends it to the controller via the signal processing circuit.

[0004] Related prior art such as the Chinese patent application "Servo Motor with a Magnetic Encoder", application number: CN201820554677.3, discloses an electric machine main body and an independent cooling fan coaxially connected to one end thereof. A main shaft tail magnetic head mounting seat is provided at one end of the electric machine main body connected to the independent cooling fan. The magnetic head mounting seat is fixedly connected to the magnetic head through a magnet head copper bracket, and the magnetic head is facing the center position of the magnetic signal detection board; an encoder cover is also provided between the magnetic signal detection board and the independent cooling fan; a junction box is provided on the top of the electric machine main body, and a signal line adapter board is provided in the junction box, and the signal line adapter board is electrically connected to the magnetic signal detection board.

[0005] For the existing electric machine to install an encoder, the structure of the electric machine needs to be adapted to the encoder to achieve the installation of the encoder, and the installation of the encoder in the prior art is not convenient. This application makes further improvements in this regard. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide an electric machine with an encoder, further optimize the structure of the electric machine, adopt an independently arranged adapter to match the installation of the encoder, and adopt the method of locking the rear bearing, which can control the distance between the magnetic head and the chip of the magnetic encoder to the greatest extent and ensure the normal operation of the encoder.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A motor with an encoder, including a motor body and an encoder. The encoder includes a magnetic head and a detection chip. An outer housing is sleeved outside the motor body. The rear side of the outer housing is open and covered by a rear cover. The rear cover is provided with a stepped hole. The rear end of the main shaft of the motor body passes through the stepped hole and is installed with a magnetic head. The stepped hole includes a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole arranged in ascending order of diameter. A rear bearing is installed in the second through hole. The rear cover is rotationally connected to the main shaft through the rear bearing. An adapter is installed in the third through hole, and the detection chip is installed in the adapter.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are as follows: First, the rear side of the outer housing of this application is open to facilitate the installation of the motor body. Then, a rear cover is installed at the open rear side to fix the motor body in the outer housing and protect the motor body. Second, the rear end of the main shaft of the motor body is arranged to pass through the stepped hole and is installed with a magnetic head, which simply and conveniently realizes the installation of the magnetic head. Third, an adapter is installed in the third through hole, and the detection chip is installed in the adapter. By independently setting the adapter to match the installation of the encoder, the magnet head is directly opposite to the center position of the magnetic signal detection board, ensuring the normal operation of the encoder. Moreover, the adapter is independently set and can be replaced according to different encoder structures without changing other structures of the motor, improving the universality. Finally, the stepped hole includes a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole arranged in ascending order of diameter. A rear bearing is installed in the second through hole. The rear cover is rotationally connected to the main shaft through the rear bearing. On the one hand, the rear bearing plays a role in installing the main shaft and reducing the friction of the main shaft rotation. On the other hand, after the rear bearing is installed with the main shaft, it also realizes the limitation and fixation of the relative position between the rear cover and the main shaft, thereby ensuring the distance between the magnetic head and the chip of the magnetic encoder and ensuring the normal operation of the encoder.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the rear section of the main shaft has a stepped frustum structure. The rear section of the main shaft includes a first section, a second section, and a third section arranged in descending order of diameter. The main shaft is coaxially arranged with the stepped hole.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the first section is located in the first through hole. The diameter of the first section is smaller than the aperture of the first through hole, and there is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the first section and the inner wall surface of the first through hole. That is, in this application, the first section and the rear cover are in a non-contact state, avoiding interference with the rotation state of the main shaft and reducing friction.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the second section is located in the second through hole, and a rear bearing is disposed on the outer sleeve of the second section, and the inner diameter of the rear bearing is adapted to the outer diameter of the second section, and the outer diameter of the rear bearing is adapted to the inner diameter of the second through hole. In the present application, because the rear section of the main shaft is a stepped truncated cone structure, the installation position of the rear bearing on the main shaft is limited, and the rear bearing is limited by the first section.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the third section constitutes the rear end face of the spindle, the third section is covered with a connecting sleeve, the magnetic head is connected to the third section through the connecting sleeve, the magnetic head is located on the extension line of the central axis of the third section, and the magnetic head is coaxially arranged with the third section. When the spindle of the motor rotates, it will drive the magnetic head to rotate synchronously. In addition, the magnetic head of the present application is small in size, which reduces the resistance of the spindle rotation as much as possible.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the adapter is annular in structure, the outer diameter of the adapter is adapted to the third through hole, and the rear end of the main shaft of the motor body passes through the center axis of the adapter. The above structure is used to design the position of the magnetic head, so that the magnetic head can be as close to the detection chip as possible while following the rotation of the motor main shaft, so that the detection chip can detect the rotation of the main shaft. In the present application, the detection chip installed on the adapter is already protruding from the back cover.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the outer cover of the rear cover is provided with an outer cover, the outer cover is fixed to the rear cover by bolts, a wiring terminal is provided on one side of the outer cover, and the wires of the encoder and the wires of the motor body are led out from the wiring terminal. That is, the structural setting of the present application does not require opening holes on the outer shell of the motor to lead out the wires, but can directly pass through the rear cover and then pass through the wiring terminal on the outer cover.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the front side of the outer shell is open and covered by a front cover, a mounting seat is provided on the side of the front cover facing the motor body, a front bearing is installed in the mounting seat, and the front cover is connected to the main shaft through the front bearing. The front side of the outer shell of the present application is open to facilitate the installation of the motor body, and then the front cover is installed at the front side opening to confine the motor body in the outer shell to protect the motor body.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the front cover is provided with an axial hole, the front end of the main shaft passes through the axial hole, and there is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft and the inner wall surface of the axial hole, thereby reducing the friction of the main shaft rotation.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the front cover is provided with an ejection hole, the ejection hole is opposite to the outer shell, the ejection hole is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the front cover, and the structure of the ejection hole matches the screw. The ejection hole is provided on the front cover, and when the front cover needs to be removed, the screw can be screwed in to eject the front cover.

[0018] On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the art, the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these drawings are only drawn for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the drawings only schematically show the composition or structure of the described object and may include exaggerated displays, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0020] Figure 1 Structural schematic of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 Structural schematic of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Partial enlarged view at the rear cover in

[0024] Among them, the specific descriptions of the reference numerals are as follows: 1. Motor body; 2. Magnetic head; 3. Detection chip; 4. Outer housing; 5. Rear cover; 6. Main shaft; 7. First through hole; 8. Second through hole; 9. Third through hole; 10. Rear bearing; 11. Adapter; 12. First section; 13. Second section; 14. Third section; 15. Connecting sleeve; 16. Outer cover; 17. Mounting seat; 18. Front bearing; 19. Shaft hole; 20. Ejection hole; 21. Front cover; 22. Terminal. Specific Embodiments

[0025] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0027] A motor with an encoder, Embodiment 1 is as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, it includes a motor body 1 and an encoder. The encoder includes a magnetic head 2 and a detection chip 3. An outer housing 4 is sleeved outside the motor body 1. The rear side of the outer housing 4 is open and covered by a rear cover 5. The opening on the rear side of the outer housing 4 of the present application is for the convenience of installing the motor body 1. Then, the rear cover 5 is installed at the opening on the rear side to fix the motor body 1 within the outer housing 4 and protect the motor body 1.

[0028] The rear cover 5 is provided with a stepped hole. The rear end of the main shaft 6 of the motor body 1 passes through the stepped hole and is installed with a magnetic head 2. The stepped hole includes a first through hole 7, a second through hole 8, and a third through hole 9 arranged in ascending order of diameter. A rear bearing 10 is installed in the second through hole 8. The rear cover 5 is rotationally connected to the main shaft 6 through the rear bearing 10. On the one hand, the rear bearing 10 plays a role in installing the main shaft 6 and reducing the friction of the rotation of the main shaft 6. On the other hand, after the rear bearing 10 is installed with the main shaft 6, it also realizes the limitation and fixation of the relative position between the rear cover 5 and the main shaft 6, thereby ensuring the distance between the magnetic head 2 of the magnetic encoder and the chip and guaranteeing the normal operation of the encoder.

[0029] An adapter 11 is installed in the third through hole 9, and the detection chip 3 is installed on the adapter 11. By independently setting the adapter 11 to match the installation of the encoder, the magnet head is directly opposite the center position of the magnetic signal detection board to ensure the normal operation of the encoder. Moreover, since the adapter 11 is independently set, it can be replaced according to different encoder structures without the need to modify other structures of the motor, improving the universality.

[0030] Embodiment 2, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, the rear section of the main shaft 6 has a stepped frustum structure. The rear section of the main shaft 6 includes a first section 12, a second section 13, and a third section 14 arranged in descending order of diameter. The main shaft 6 is coaxially arranged with the stepped hole.

[0031] The first section 12 is located within the first through hole 7. The diameter of the first section 12 is smaller than the aperture of the first through hole 7. There is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the first section 12 and the inner wall surface of the first through hole 7. That is, in the present application, the first section 12 and the rear cover 5 are in a non-contact state, avoiding interference with the rotation state of the main shaft 6 and reducing friction.

[0032] The second section 13 is located within the second through hole 8. A rear bearing 10 is sleeved outside the second section 13. The inner diameter of the rear bearing 10 is adapted to the outer diameter of the second section 13, and the outer diameter of the rear bearing 10 is adapted to the inner diameter of the second through hole 8. In the present application, because the rear section of the main shaft 6 has a stepped frustum structure, the installation position of the rear bearing 10 on the main shaft 6 is limited, and the rear bearing 10 is limited by the first section 12.

[0033] The third section 14 mentioned above forms the rear end face of the main shaft 6. A connecting sleeve 15 is sleeved outside the third section 14. The magnetic head 2 is connected to the third section 14 through the connecting sleeve 15. The magnetic head 2 is located on the extension line of the central axis of the third section 14, and the magnetic head 2 is coaxially arranged with the third section 14. When the main shaft 6 of the motor rotates, it will drive the magnetic head 2 to rotate synchronously. Moreover, the magnetic head 2 of the present application is small in size, and the resistance of the rotation of the main shaft 6 is reduced as much as possible.

[0034] The adapter 11 mentioned above is integrally in an annular structure. The outer diameter of the adapter 11 is adapted to the third through hole 9, and the rear end of the main shaft 6 of the motor body 1 passes through the central axis of the adapter 11. With the above structure to design the position of the magnetic head 2, the magnetic head 2 can be as close as possible to the detection chip 3 while following the rotation of the motor main shaft 6, which is convenient for the detection chip 3 to detect the rotation of the main shaft 6. In the present application, the detection chip 3 installed on the adapter 11 has protruded from the rear cover 5 as a whole.

[0035] An outer cover 16 is covered outside the rear cover 5. The outer cover 16 is fixed to the rear cover 5 by bolts. A wiring terminal 22 is arranged on one side surface of the outer cover 16. The wires of the encoder and the wires of the motor body 1 are led out from the wiring terminal 22. That is, with the structural setting of the present application, there is no need to open holes on the outer shell 4 of the motor to lead out the wires, but the wires can directly pass through the rear cover 5 and then pass through the wiring terminal 22 on the outer cover 16.

[0036] Other contents of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0037] Embodiment 3, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, the front side surface of the outer shell 4 is open and covered by a front cover 21. An installation seat 17 is arranged on the side of the front cover 21 facing the motor body 1. A front bearing 18 is installed in the installation seat 17. The front cover 21 is connected to the main shaft 6 through the front bearing 18. The front side surface of the outer shell 4 of the present application is open to facilitate the installation of the motor body 1. Then, the front cover 21 is installed at the open front side surface to limit and fix the motor body 1 in the outer shell 4 to protect the motor body 1.

[0038] The front cover 21 is provided with a shaft hole 19, and the front end of the main shaft 6 passes through the shaft hole 19. There is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 6 and the inner wall surface of the shaft hole 19. The friction of the rotation of the main shaft 6 is reduced.

[0039] The front cover 21 is provided with an ejection hole 20. The ejection hole 20 faces the outer shell 4. The ejection hole 20 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the front cover 21, and the structure of the ejection hole 20 matches the screw. By providing the ejection hole 20 on the front cover 21, when it is necessary to disassemble the front cover 21, a screw can be screwed in to eject the front cover 21.

[0040] The other contents of Embodiment 3 are the same as those of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.

[0041] The present application has been introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present application and its core idea. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A motor with an encoder, characterized in that: The invention comprises a motor body (1) and an encoder, wherein the encoder comprises a magnetic head (2) and a detection chip (3), the motor body (1) is provided with an outer shell (4) on its outer sleeve, the rear side of the outer shell (4) is open and covered by a rear cover (5), the rear cover (5) is provided with a stepped hole, the rear end of a main shaft (6) of the motor body (1) passes through the stepped hole and is provided with a magnetic head (2), the stepped hole comprises a first through hole (7), a second through hole (8) and a third through hole (9) which are arranged in order from small to large in diameter, a rear bearing (10) is provided in the second through hole (8), the rear cover (5) is rotatably connected to the main shaft (6) via the rear bearing (10), an adapter (11) is provided in the third through hole (9), and the detection chip (3) is provided on the adapter (11).

2. A motor with an encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear section of the main shaft (6) is a stepped truncated cone structure. The rear section of the main shaft (6) comprises a first section (12), a second section (13) and a third section (14) whose diameters are arranged in descending order. The main shaft (6) is coaxially arranged with the stepped hole.

3. A motor with an encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first section (12) is located in the first through hole (7), the diameter of the first section (12) is smaller than the aperture of the first through hole (7), and there is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the first section (12) and the inner wall surface of the first through hole (7).

4. A motor with an encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second section (13) is located in the second through hole (8), and a rear bearing (10) is disposed on the outer sleeve of the second section (13). The inner diameter of the rear bearing (10) is adapted to the outer diameter of the second section (13), and the outer diameter of the rear bearing (10) is adapted to the inner diameter of the second through hole (8).

5. A motor with an encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third section (14) constitutes the rear end surface of the main shaft (6). The third section (14) is covered with a connecting sleeve (15). The magnetic head (2) is connected to the third section (14) via the connecting sleeve (15). The magnetic head (2) is located on the extension line of the central axis of the third section (14). The magnetic head (2) and the third section (14) are coaxially arranged.

6. The motor with encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter (11) is annular in structure as a whole. The outer diameter of the adapter (11) is adapted to the third through hole (9). The rear end of the main shaft (6) of the motor body (1) passes through the central axis of the adapter (11).

7. The motor with encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer cover (16) is provided on the outer side of the rear cover (5), and the outer cover (16) is fixed to the rear cover (5) by bolts. A wiring terminal (22) is provided on one side of the outer cover (16), and the wires of the encoder and the wires of the motor body (1) are led out from the wiring terminal (22).

8. The motor with encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the outer shell (4) is open and covered by a front cover (21); a mounting seat (17) is provided on the side of the front cover (21) facing the motor body (1); a front bearing (18) is installed in the mounting seat (17); and the front cover (21) is connected to the main shaft (6) via the front bearing (18).

9. A motor with an encoder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front cover (21) is provided with an axial hole (19), the front end of the main shaft (6) passes through the axial hole (19), and there is a distance between the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft (6) and the inner wall surface of the axial hole (19).

10. The motor with encoder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front cover (21) is provided with an ejection hole (20), the ejection hole (20) is opposite to the outer shell (4), the ejection hole (20) is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the front cover (21), and the structure of the ejection hole (20) matches the screw.

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