Brushless direct current motor driving circuit board and related equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of brushless direct current motors, and discloses a brushless direct current motor driving circuit board and related equipment, and the brushless direct current motor driving circuit board comprises a PCB and a driving circuit disposed on the PCB. The drive circuit comprises an input end used for being connected with a direct current power supply, an inverter circuit module and a three-phase current output end used for being connected with the motor body. The inverter circuit module comprises a circuit layer integrated with a three-phase bridge type inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer arranged on the top of the circuit layer. According to the brushless direct current motor driving circuit board and the related equipment, the circuit layer of the three-phase bridge type inverter circuit and the heat dissipation layer arranged at the top of the circuit layer are integrated, and the mode of top heat dissipation and integration of the three-phase bridge type inverter circuit into one circuit layer is adopted, so that the reliability of the brushless direct current motor driving circuit board is improved on the premise that the function is not changed. And the total area, the total weight and the processing cost of the circuit board are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of brushless DC motors, and particularly relates to a brushless DC motor drive circuit board and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the circuit board of the brushless DC motor, an inverter circuit is usually provided. The inverter circuit is usually a bridge inverter circuit composed of multiple switch tubes (such as MOS transistors, i.e., metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors) and connecting wires. The bridge inverter circuit is used to convert the input DC power into three-phase currents and input them into the three-phase windings of the three-phase brushless DC motor respectively, so as to drive the three-phase brushless DC motor to rotate. In the existing circuit board of the brushless DC motor, the switch tubes of the inverter circuit are arranged on the PCB board in a dispersed manner, resulting in the inverter circuit occupying a large area in the circuit board, thereby increasing the weight and processing cost of the circuit board; in addition, in the design of the circuit board, the bottom heat dissipation form is usually adopted (i.e., a heat dissipation layer is arranged on the back of the PCB board for heat dissipation). Therefore, it is necessary to process heat dissipation through holes at the position corresponding to each switch tube on the PCB board and fill the heat conductive metal in the heat dissipation through holes so as to transfer the heat of the switch tube to the heat dissipation layer, thereby further increasing the processing cost.

[0003] Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved and developed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a brushless DC motor drive circuit board and related equipment. By using an inverter circuit module composed of a circuit layer integrating a three-phase bridge inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer arranged on the top of the circuit layer, top heat dissipation is adopted and the three-phase bridge inverter circuit is integrated into one circuit layer. Under the premise of unchanged function, the number of pads and the total area of ​​the circuit board are reduced, and the processing of heat dissipation holes on the PCB board is avoided, thereby reducing the total weight and processing cost of the circuit board.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a brushless DC motor drive circuit board, comprising a PCB board and a drive circuit arranged on the PCB board, the drive circuit comprising an input terminal for connecting to a DC power supply, an inverter circuit module and a three-phase current output terminal for connecting to a motor body, the inverter circuit module comprising a circuit layer integrating a three-phase bridge inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer arranged on top of the circuit layer.

[0006] A brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in the present application has an inverter circuit module composed of a circuit layer integrating a three-phase bridge inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer arranged on the top of the circuit layer. It adopts top heat dissipation and integrates the three-phase bridge inverter circuit into one circuit layer. Under the premise of unchanged function, the number of pads and the total area of ​​the circuit board are reduced, and the processing of heat dissipation holes on the PCB board is avoided, thereby reducing the total weight and processing cost of the circuit board.

[0007] Optionally, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit in the circuit layer is provided with 6 switching tubes, and the 6 switching tubes include switching tube M1 and switching tube M4 constituting the first bridge arm, switching tube M2 and switching tube M5 constituting the second bridge arm, and switching tube M3 and switching tube M6 constituting the third bridge arm.

[0008] Optionally, the three-phase current output end includes a U-phase interface, a V-phase interface and a W-phase interface, and the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the third bridge arm are respectively connected to the U-phase interface, the V-phase interface and the W-phase interface.

[0009] Optionally, the switch tube is a MOSFET tube, an IGBT tube, a BJT tube or a thyristor.

[0010] Optionally, a heat-conducting insulating layer is provided between the circuit layer and the heat dissipation layer;

[0011] The thermally conductive insulating layer is used to conduct the heat of the circuit layer to the heat dissipation layer.

[0012] The present application provides a brushless DC motor drive circuit board, which arranges a thermally conductive insulating layer between a circuit layer and a heat dissipation layer so that the heat of the circuit layer is smoothly transferred to the heat dissipation layer, thereby achieving a top heat dissipation effect.

[0013] Optionally, the inverter circuit module is a rectangular module, and the side length of the inverter circuit module is no more than 6 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the driving circuit further includes a control chip disposed on the PCB board, and the control chip is electrically connected to the inverter circuit module.

[0015] A brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in the present application is provided with a control chip. The control chip outputs a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to an inverter circuit module to adjust the duty cycle of the switch tube in the circuit layer, thereby adjusting the current size and direction in the inverter circuit module to achieve the purpose of controlling the motor body.

[0016] Optionally, the driving circuit further includes a filter capacitor disposed on the PCB board, and the filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the inverter circuit module between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input end.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a brushless DC motor driver, comprising the brushless DC motor drive circuit board described above.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present application provides a brushless DC motor, comprising the brushless DC motor driver, a DC power supply and a motor body as described above, wherein the DC power supply, the brushless DC motor driver and the motor body are electrically connected in sequence.

[0019] As can be seen from the above, the brushless DC motor drive circuit board and related equipment of the utility model, through the inverter circuit module composed of a circuit layer integrating a three-phase bridge inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer arranged on the top of the circuit layer, adopts top heat dissipation and combines the three-phase bridge inverter circuit into one circuit layer. Under the premise of unchanged function, the number of pads and the total area of ​​the circuit board are reduced, and the processing of heat dissipation holes on the PCB board is avoided, thereby reducing the total weight and processing cost of the circuit board.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by practicing the embodiments of the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the written description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a front view of a brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a top view of a brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a circuit layer of a brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a brushless DC motor provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. PCB board; 2. Inverter circuit module; 3. Circuit layer; 4. Heat dissipation layer; 5. Thermal insulation layer; 6. Control chip; 7. Filter capacitor; 8. DC power supply; 9. Motor body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0028] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the utility model is a brushless DC motor driving circuit board, a PCB board 1 and a driving circuit arranged on the PCB board 1, the driving circuit includes an input end connected to a DC power supply (the input end includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The input terminal is not shown), the inverter circuit module 2 and the three-phase current output terminal ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 (The three-phase current output end is not shown in the figure), the inverter circuit module 2 includes a circuit layer 3 integrating a three-phase bridge inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer 4 arranged on the top of the circuit layer 3.

[0030] A brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in the present application has an inverter circuit module composed of a circuit layer integrating a three-phase bridge inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer arranged on the top of the circuit layer. It adopts top heat dissipation and integrates the three-phase bridge inverter circuit into one circuit layer. Under the premise of unchanged function, the number of pads and the total area of ​​the circuit board are reduced, and the processing of heat dissipation holes on the PCB board is avoided, thereby reducing the total weight and processing cost of the circuit board.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein U + is the positive pole of the input terminal, U - is the negative terminal of the input terminal. Figure 3As can be seen from the figure, the current enters the brushless DC motor drive circuit board from the input end, and after the current is filtered by the filter capacitor 7 (the introduction of the filter capacitor 7 is described later) to stabilize the voltage, the current is input to the inverter circuit module 2, and the control chip 6 (the introduction of the control chip 6 is described later) connected to the inverter circuit module 2 is used to adjust the current size and direction in the inverter circuit module 2 to form a three-phase current. At the three-phase current output end ( Figure 3 The three-phase current output terminal is not shown in the figure) and the three-phase current is output to the three-phase winding of the motor body 9. Among them, the control chip 6 outputs a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to the inverter circuit module 2 to adjust the duty cycle of the switch tube in the circuit layer 3, thereby adjusting the current size and direction in the inverter circuit module 2 to control the speed and torque of the motor rotor of the motor body 9, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the motor body 9.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a circuit layer of a brushless DC motor drive circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6 are switch tubes, and VDD, WSS, VSS, USS, WH, WL, VH, VL, UH, UL, W, V, and U are interfaces, wherein interface VDD is the positive electrode interface of the input end, and interface VDD is connected to the positive electrode of the input end; interface WSS, interface VSS, and interface USS are the negative electrode interfaces of the input end, and interface WSS, interface VSS, and interface USS are all connected to the negative electrode of the input end; interface W (i.e., W phase interface), interface V (i.e., V phase interface), and interface U (i.e., U phase interface) are three-phase current output end interfaces, and interface W, interface V, Interfaces U are all connected to the three-phase current output terminals; interfaces WH, WL, VH, VL, UH, and UL are adjustment interfaces, and interfaces WH, WL, VH, VL, UH, and UL are all connected to the control chip 6; the control chip 6 inputs PWM to the switch tubes M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6 through interfaces WH, WL, VH, VL, UH, and UL, respectively, to adjust the duty ratios of the switch tubes M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6, thereby controlling the current size and direction in the inverter circuit module 2.

[0033] Specifically, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit in the circuit layer 3 is provided with 6 switch tubes, including switch tubes M1 and switch tube M4 constituting the first bridge arm, switch tubes M2 and switch tube M5 constituting the second bridge arm, and switch tubes M3 and switch tube M6 constituting the third bridge arm;

[0034] In a specific application, the six switch tubes of the three-phase bridge inverter circuit in the circuit layer 3 include switch tubes M1 and M4 constituting the first bridge arm, switch tubes M2 and M5 constituting the second bridge arm, and switch tubes M3 and M6 constituting the third bridge arm. By adjusting the duty cycle of switch tubes M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6, the current size and direction in the inverter circuit module 2 can be controlled.

[0035] Integrating the three-phase bridge inverter circuit into the circuit layer 3 can reduce the area occupied by the inverter circuit module 2 in the PCB board 1, adjust the layout of the brushless DC motor drive circuit board, reduce the number and area of ​​pads on the PCB board 1 without changing the function, and reduce the weight of the PCB board 1. Moreover, the heat dissipation layer 4 can be directly set on the top of the circuit layer 3 to dissipate the heat of the circuit layer 3 into the air.

[0036] Specifically, the three-phase current output end includes a U-phase interface, a V-phase interface and a W-phase interface, and the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the third bridge arm are respectively connected to the W-phase interface, the V-phase interface and the U-phase interface.

[0037] In a specific application, the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the third bridge arm are respectively connected to the interface W, the interface V and the interface U of the three-phase current output end, specifically, the connection point between the switch tube M1 and the switch tube M4 is connected to the W phase interface, the connection point between the switch tube M2 and the switch tube M5 is connected to the V phase interface, and the connection point between the switch tube M3 and the switch tube M6 is connected to the U phase interface. Through the three interfaces of the three-phase current output end, the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the third bridge arm are respectively connected to the three-phase winding of the motor body 9.

[0038] Specifically, the switch tube may be, but is not limited to, a MOSFET tube, an IGBT tube, a BJT tube or a thyristor.

[0039] In specific applications, the switch tube can be set to a MOSFET tube, an IGBT tube, a BJT tube or a thyristor, among which the MOSFET tube, the IGBT tube, the BJT tube and the thyristor are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] Specifically, a heat-conducting insulating layer 5 is provided between the circuit layer 3 and the heat dissipation layer 4;

[0041] The thermally conductive insulating layer 5 is used to conduct the heat of the circuit layer 3 to the heat dissipation layer 4 .

[0042] In specific applications, the heat-conducting insulating layer 5 (i.e., heat dissipation paste) is a heat-conducting organic silicone grease-like compound made of organic silicone as the main raw material and adding heat-resistant and excellent thermal conductive materials, which is used to conduct the heat of the circuit layer 3 to the heat dissipation layer 4, thereby ensuring the stability of the electrical performance of the brushless DC motor drive circuit board. Among them, the heat dissipation layer 4 can be, but is not limited to, a metal heat sink.

[0043] Specifically, the inverter circuit module 2 is a rectangular module, and the side length of the inverter circuit module 2 is no more than 6 mm.

[0044] In a specific application, the inverter circuit module 2 is a rectangular module, the side length of the inverter circuit module 2 is not greater than 6 mm, and the area of ​​the inverter circuit module 2 is not greater than 36 mm. 2 , compared with the traditional BLDC motor circuit board (the traditional BLDC motor circuit board has multiple MOS transistors occupying an area of ​​about 90mm 2 ), reducing a large amount of occupied area, while also reducing the total area of ​​the PCB board 1, reducing the weight of the PCB board 1, and reducing the production materials and processing costs.

[0045] Specifically, the driving circuit further includes a control chip 6 disposed on the PCB board 1 , and the control chip 6 is electrically connected to the inverter circuit module 2 .

[0046] In a specific application, the control chip 6 is electrically connected to the inverter circuit module 2. The control chip 6 outputs a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to the inverter circuit module 2 to adjust the duty cycle of the switch tube in the circuit layer 3, thereby adjusting the current size and direction in the inverter circuit module 2 to control the speed and torque of the motor rotor of the motor body 9, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the motor body 9.

[0047] Specifically, the driving circuit further includes a filter capacitor 7 disposed on the PCB board 1 ; the filter capacitor 7 is connected in parallel with the inverter circuit module 2 between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input end.

[0048] In a specific application, the filter capacitor 7 is used to filter the current to stabilize the voltage of the current. The filter capacitor 7 may be provided with at least one capacitor, and the specific number may be set according to actual needs.

[0049] A brushless DC motor driver is provided in an embodiment of the present application. The brushless DC motor driver includes the brushless DC motor driver circuit board described above. When current enters the brushless DC motor driver circuit board from the input end, the current is filtered by the filter capacitor 7 to stabilize the voltage, and then input into the inverter circuit module 2. The current in the inverter circuit module 2 is adjusted in size and direction through the control chip 6 to form a three-phase current, and the three-phase current is output to the three-phase winding of the motor body 9 at the three-phase current output end.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a brushless DC motor provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 Wherein U, V, and W are three-phase windings of a brushless DC motor, and the brushless DC motor includes the brushless DC motor driver, DC power supply 8, and motor body 9 mentioned above, and the DC power supply 8, the brushless DC motor driver, and the motor body 9 are electrically connected in sequence, wherein a motor rotor and a sensor are arranged in the motor body 9 (at least one sensor may be arranged, and the sensor includes but is not limited to a position sensor, a speed sensor, and a current sensor), and the motor rotor of the motor body 9 is connected to the inverter circuit module 2 of the brushless DC motor driver (wherein the motor rotor is connected to the three-phase current output end of the inverter circuit module 2 with the three-phase winding as an interface), and the sensor of the motor body 9 is connected to the control chip 6 of the brushless DC motor driver. The electric energy (current) provided by the DC power supply 8 enters the brushless DC motor drive circuit board from the input end. After the current is filtered by the filter capacitor 7 to stabilize the voltage, the stabilized current will be input into the inverter circuit module 2, and output to the motor rotor of the motor body 9 at the three-phase current output end of the inverter circuit module 2. In response to the input current, the motor rotor rotates, and the sensor sends a feedback signal to the control chip 6 based on the speed and torque of the motor rotor. The control chip 6 controls the duty cycle of the switch tube in the inverter circuit module 2 based on the feedback signal to adjust the current size and direction in the inverter circuit module 2, thereby controlling the speed and torque of the motor rotor of the motor body 9, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the motor body 9.

[0051] Through this technical solution, an inverter circuit module consisting of a circuit layer integrating a three-phase bridge inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer arranged on the top of the circuit layer is formed. By adopting top heat dissipation and integrating the three-phase bridge inverter circuit into one circuit layer, the number of pads and the total area of ​​the circuit board are reduced without changing the function, and the processing of heat dissipation holes on the PCB board is avoided, thereby reducing the total weight and processing cost of the circuit board.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "certain embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0053] The above are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brushless DC motor drive circuit board, comprising a PCB board (1) and a drive circuit arranged on the PCB board (1), the drive circuit comprising an input terminal for connecting to a DC power supply (8), an inverter circuit module (2) and a three-phase current output terminal for connecting to a motor body (9), characterized in that: The inverter circuit module (2) comprises a circuit layer (3) integrated with a three-phase bridge inverter circuit and a heat dissipation layer (4) arranged on top of the circuit layer (3).

2. The brushless DC motor driving circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase bridge inverter circuit in the circuit layer (3) is provided with 6 switch tubes, the 6 switch tubes comprising a switch tube M1 and a switch tube M4 constituting a first bridge arm, a switch tube M2 and a switch tube M5 constituting a second bridge arm, and a switch tube M3 and a switch tube M6 constituting a third bridge arm.

3. The brushless DC motor driving circuit board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three-phase current output end includes a U-phase interface, a V-phase interface and a W-phase interface, and the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the third bridge arm are respectively connected to the U-phase interface, the V-phase interface and the W-phase interface.

4. The brushless DC motor driving circuit board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch tube is a MOSFET tube, an IGBT tube, a BJT tube or a thyristor.

5. The brushless DC motor driving circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-conducting insulating layer (5) is provided between the circuit layer (3) and the heat dissipation layer (4); The heat-conducting insulating layer (5) is used to conduct the heat of the circuit layer (3) to the heat dissipation layer (4).

6. The brushless DC motor driving circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter circuit module (2) is a rectangular module, and the side length of the inverter circuit module (2) is no greater than 6 mm.

7. The brushless DC motor driving circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive circuit further comprises a control chip (6) arranged on the PCB board (1), and the control chip (6) is electrically connected to the inverter circuit module (2).

8. The brushless DC motor driving circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive circuit further comprises a filter capacitor (7) arranged on the PCB board (1), and the filter capacitor (7) is connected in parallel with the inverter circuit module (2) between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input end.

9. A brushless DC motor driver, characterized in that: A brushless DC motor drive circuit board comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A brushless DC motor, characterized in that: It comprises the brushless DC motor driver as claimed in claim 9, a DC power supply (8) and a motor body (9), wherein the DC power supply (8), the brushless DC motor driver and the motor body (9) are electrically connected in sequence.

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