Light path structure and laser machine tool
By designing an optical path structure including a bracket, a mirror and an adjustment device in a laser machine tool, the complex installation of the reflector and inconvenient laser optical path adjustment are solved, and convenient adjustment of the laser optical path and improved processing accuracy are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421770710.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-24
AI Technical Summary
The installation process of reflectors in existing laser machines is complicated and is inconvenient to fine-tune the laser flight route, which affects the processing accuracy.
An optical path structure is designed, including a bracket, a mirror and an adjustment device. The mirror is swung horizontally and vertically through the adjustment device, which simplifies the adjustment process of the laser optical path.
It realizes convenient adjustment of the laser optical path, improves processing accuracy, and simplifies the installation process of the reflector.
Smart Images
Figure CN222971225U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to an optical path structure and a laser machine tool. Background Art
[0002] In a laser processing machine tool, generally, there are a laser generator, a laser head, and an optical path structure connecting the laser generator and the laser head. In the current laser structure, except for the laser generator using optical fiber transmission, the rest of the laser optical path transmission mainly relies on mirrors for transmission. Therefore, the installation position, angle, etc. of the mirrors have a great impact on the processing accuracy of the laser machine tool. At present, the installation process of the mirrors is relatively complex and cumbersome, and it is not convenient to finely adjust the flight path of the laser after the mirrors are installed. Summary of the Utility Model
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0004] The solution of the utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows:
[0005] An optical path structure includes a bracket, and also includes a first mirror, a first adjusting device, a second adjusting device, a second mirror, and a third mirror. The first mirror is arranged on the bracket. The first adjusting device and the second adjusting device are respectively arranged on the bracket. The second mirror is arranged on the first adjusting device. The third mirror is arranged on the second adjusting device. The first mirror, the second mirror, and the third mirror are arranged at the same height, and the laser passes through the first mirror, the second mirror, and the third mirror in sequence. The first adjusting device is used to adjust the second mirror so that the second mirror can swing vertically and horizontally. The second adjusting device is used to adjust the third mirror so that the third mirror can swing vertically and horizontally.
[0006] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the optical path structure further includes a housing. The housing is fixed on the frame. A laser transmission space is provided inside the housing. An input hole communicating with the laser transmission space is provided on the housing. An output hole communicating with the laser transmission space is provided on the housing. The first mirror is arranged at the input hole. The first mirror is fixedly connected to the housing or the bracket. The laser reflected by the first mirror penetrates into the laser transmission space through the input hole. The first adjusting device and the second adjusting device are both arranged in the laser transmission space.
[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first adjusting device and the second adjusting device are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner with respect to each other.
[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first adjusting device includes a first fixing seat, a first swing frame, a first ball, two first upper set screws, a first lower set screw and a plurality of first springs. The first fixing seat is fixed on the bracket. The first swing frame is arranged in an L shape. Both the first swing frame and the first fixing seat are provided with depressions. The first ball is arranged in the depressions on the first swing frame and the first fixing seat. The first ball can rotate relative to the first swing frame, and the first ball can rotate relative to the first fixing seat. The depression on the first swing frame is arranged at the L-shaped corner of the first swing frame. The first upper set screw and the first lower set screw are respectively arranged on the first fixing seat. The first upper set screw and the lower set screw are respectively used to abut against the two L-shaped ends of the L-shaped first swing frame. Both ends of all the first springs respectively abut against the first swing frame and the first fixing seat. All the first springs are arranged between the first upper set screw and the first lower set screw. The first mirror is fixed on the first swing frame.
[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the second adjusting device includes a second fixing seat, a second swing frame, a second ball, two second upper set screws, a second lower set screw and a plurality of second springs. The second fixing seat is fixed on the bracket. The second swing frame is arranged in an L shape. Both the second swing frame and the second fixing seat are provided with depressions. The second ball is arranged in the depressions on the second swing frame and the second fixing seat. The second ball can rotate relative to the second swing frame, and the second ball can rotate relative to the second fixing seat. The depression on the second swing frame is arranged at the L-shaped corner of the second swing frame. The second upper set screw and the second lower set screw are respectively arranged on the second fixing seat. The second upper set screw and the lower set screw are respectively used to abut against the two L-shaped ends of the L-shaped second swing frame. Both ends of all the second springs respectively abut against the second swing frame and the second fixing seat. All the second springs are arranged between the second upper set screw and the second lower set screw. The second mirror is fixed on the second swing frame.
[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first adjusting device is arranged on the right side of the first mirror, and the second adjusting device is arranged in front of or behind the first adjusting device.
[0011] The present utility model also provides a laser machine tool, which includes the optical path structure in any of the above technical solutions, and further includes a frame, a laser generator, a connecting frame and a bellows cover. The laser generator is arranged on the frame. The bellows cover extends in the up-and-down direction. The upper end of the bellows cover is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. The connecting frame and the laser generator are fixedly connected. A reflecting mirror group is arranged on the connecting frame. The reflecting mirror group is used to conduct the laser generated by the laser generator vertically downward into the bellows cover. The lower end of the bellows cover is fixedly connected to the bracket. The first reflecting mirror is used to receive the laser transmitted by the reflecting mirror group.
[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the laser machine tool further includes a laser head. The laser head is arranged on the frame and is used to receive the laser emitted by the third reflecting mirror.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The first reflecting mirror is used to receive the laser emitted by an external laser source and transmit it to the second reflecting mirror, and then it is reflected by the second reflecting mirror to the third reflecting mirror. The laser emitted from the third reflecting mirror can be input into an external laser head. Through the settings of the first adjusting device and the second adjusting device, the laser can be adjusted to swing horizontally and vertically, so as to adjust the flying angle of the laser, and its use is very convenient. Description of the Drawings
[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the optical path structure of the present utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 is the Figure 1 axial sectional view at A-A in the present utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 is the front view of the optical path structure of the present utility model;
[0017] Figure 4 is the Figure 3 axial sectional view at B-B in the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 5 is the axonometric Figure 1 ;
[0019] Figure 6 is the axonometric Figure 2 ;
[0020] Figure 7 is the axonometric view of the second adjusting device of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 8 is the Figure 4 enlarged view at K in the present utility model.
[0022] In the drawings: 1 - bracket, 2 - first reflector, 3 - first adjusting device, 31 - first fixing seat, 32 - first swing frame, 33 - first ball, 34 - first upper set screw, 35 - first lower set screw, 36 - first spring, 4 - second adjusting device, 41 - second fixing seat, 42 - second swing frame, 43 - second ball, 44 - second upper set screw, 45 - second lower set screw, 46 - second spring, 5 - second reflector, 6 - third reflector, 7 - housing, 8 - laser generator, 9 - bellows, 10 - laser head, 11 - galvanometer scanner, 12 - swing device. Detailed implementation mode
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the above description of the embodiments are briefly described. Obviously, the described drawings are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other design solutions and drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure and technical effects generated by the present invention in combination with the embodiments and drawings to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, all the connection / connection relationships mentioned in the text do not refer to the direct connection of components alone, but refer to the more optimal connection structure that can be formed by adding or reducing connection accessories according to the specific implementation situation. Each technical feature in the present invention can be combined interactively without conflicting with each other.
[0025] Refer to Figures 1 to 8 , an optical path structure, including a bracket 1, a first reflector 2, a first adjusting device 3, a second adjusting device 4, a second reflector 5 and a third reflector 6. The first reflector 2 is arranged on the bracket 1. The first adjusting device 3 and the second adjusting device 4 are respectively arranged on the bracket 1. The second reflector 5 is arranged on the first adjusting device 3. The third reflector 6 is arranged on the second adjusting device 4. The first reflector 2, the second reflector 5 and the third reflector 6 are arranged at the same height. The laser passes through the first reflector 2, the second reflector 5 and the third reflector 6 in sequence. The first adjusting device 3 is used to adjust the second reflector 5 so that the second reflector 5 can swing vertically and horizontally. The second adjusting device 4 is used to adjust the third reflector 6 so that the third reflector 6 can swing vertically and horizontally.
[0026] As described above, the first reflector 2 is used to receive the laser emitted by the external laser source and transmit it to the second reflector 5, and then reflected by the second reflector 5 to the third reflector 6. The laser emitted from the third reflector 6 can be input into the external laser head 10. Through the settings of the first adjustment device 3 and the second adjustment device 4, the laser can be adjusted to swing horizontally and vertically, so as to adjust the flight angle of the laser, and its use is very convenient.
[0027] In some embodiments, the optical path structure further includes a housing 7, the housing 7 is fixed on the frame, a laser transmission space is provided in the housing 7, an input hole communicating with the laser transmission space is provided on the housing 7, an output hole communicating with the laser transmission space is provided on the housing 7, the first reflector 2 is disposed at the input hole, the first reflector 2 is fixedly connected to the housing 7 or the bracket 1, the laser reflected by the first reflector 2 penetrates into the laser transmission space through the input hole, and the first adjustment device 3 and the second adjustment device 4 are both disposed in the laser transmission space. This structure is simple and convenient to set. The second reflector 5 and the third reflector 6 are disposed in the laser transmission space, which can effectively reduce the entry of external dust into the laser transmission space.
[0028] In some embodiments, the first adjustment device 3 and the second adjustment device 4 are symmetrically arranged about a center. This structure is simple and convenient to set. The first adjustment device 3 and the second adjustment device 4 are symmetrically arranged about a center, which is convenient for the operator to adjust the swing angles of the second reflector 5 and the third reflector 6 respectively, so as to adjust the flight direction of the laser.
[0029] In some embodiments, the first adjusting device 3 includes a first fixing seat 31, a first swing frame 32, a first ball 33, two first upper set screws 34, a first lower set screw 35, and multiple first springs 36. The first fixing seat 31 is fixed on the bracket 1. The first swing frame 32 is arranged in an L shape. Depressions are provided on both the first swing frame 32 and the first fixing seat 31. The first ball 33 is arranged in the depressions on the first swing frame 32 and the first fixing seat 31. The first ball 33 is rotatable relative to the first swing frame 32, and the first ball 33 is rotatable relative to the first fixing seat 31. The depression on the first swing frame 32 is provided at the L-shaped corner of the first swing frame 32. The first upper set screw 34 and the first lower set screw 35 are respectively arranged on the first fixing seat 31. The first upper set screw 34 and the lower set screw are respectively used to abut against the two L-shaped ends of the L-shaped first swing frame 32. Both ends of all the first springs 36 respectively abut against the first swing frame 32 and the first fixing seat 31. All the first springs 36 are arranged between the first upper set screw 34 and the first lower set screw 35. The first mirror 2 is fixed on the first swing frame 32. When the angle of the second mirror 5 needs to be adjusted, the operator can adjust the lengths of the first upper set screw 34 and the first lower set screw 35 that are screwed out, so that the first swing frame 32 rotates around the first ball 33, and further adjust the included angle between the first swing frame 32 and the first fixing seat 31. The first upper set screw 34 and the first lower set screw 35 are respectively connected to the first fixing seat 31 in a threaded fit.
[0030] In some embodiments, the second adjusting device 4 includes a second fixing seat 41, a second swing frame 42, second ball bearings 43, two second upper set screws 44, second lower set screws 45 and a plurality of second springs 46. The second fixing seat 41 is fixed on the bracket 1. The second swing frame 42 is arranged in an L shape. Both the second swing frame 42 and the second fixing seat 41 are provided with depressions. The second ball bearings 43 are arranged in the depressions on the second swing frame 42 and the second fixing seat 41. The second ball bearings 43 can rotate relative to the second swing frame 42, and the second ball bearings 43 can rotate relative to the second fixing seat 41. The depression on the second swing frame 42 is arranged at the L-shaped corner of the second swing frame 42. The second upper set screws 44 and the second lower set screws 45 are respectively arranged on the second fixing seat 41. The second upper set screws 44 and the lower set screws are respectively used to abut against the two L-shaped ends of the L-shaped second swing frame 42. Both ends of all the second springs 46 respectively abut against the second swing frame 42 and the second fixing seat 41. All the second springs 46 are arranged between the second upper set screws 44 and the second lower set screws 45. The second reflector 5 is fixed on the second swing frame 42. When the angle of the third reflector 6 needs to be adjusted, the operator can adjust the lengths of the second upper set screw 44 and the second lower set screw 45 that are set to protrude, so that the second swing frame 42 rotates around the second ball bearings 43, and further adjust the included angle between the second swing frame 42 and the second fixing seat 41. The second upper set screw 44 and the second lower set screw 45 are respectively connected to the second fixing seat 41 by thread fit.
[0031] In some embodiments, the first adjusting device 3 is arranged on the right side of the first reflector 2, and the second adjusting device 4 is arranged in front of or behind the first adjusting device 3. This structure is simple and convenient to set. Through the setting of this structure, it is convenient for the operator to adjust the angle of the optical axis.
[0032] The present utility model also provides a laser machine tool, which includes the optical path structure in any of the above technical solutions, and also includes a machine frame, a laser generator 8, a connecting frame and a bellows 9. The laser generator 8 is arranged on the machine frame. The bellows 9 extends in the up and down direction. The upper end of the bellows 9 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. The connecting frame and the laser generator 8 are fixedly connected. The connecting frame is provided with a reflector group, and the reflector group is used to conduct the laser generated by the laser generator 8 vertically downward into the bellows 9. The lower end of the bellows 9 is fixedly connected to the bracket 1. The first reflector 2 is used to receive the laser transmitted by the reflector group. Through the setting of the bellows 9, the laser incident on the first reflector 2 can be surrounded, and the influence of external dust on the first reflector 2 can be reduced.
[0033] Since the above content has elaborated on the optical path structure, those skilled in the art should be able to understand it in combination with the accompanying drawings of the specification. Therefore, the optical path structure will not be elaborated here any further.
[0034] In some embodiments, the laser machine tool further includes a laser head 10, which is disposed on the frame. The laser head 10 is used to receive the laser emitted by the third mirror 6. This structure is simple and convenient to set up. The laser head 10 includes a galvanometer 11 and a swinging device 12. The axis of the swinging device 12 extends horizontally.
[0035] During debugging, the laser can be first made to be incident on the first mirror 2, and the position and angle of the first mirror 2 are adjusted so that the light emitted from the first mirror 2 is incident on the second mirror 5. The positions of the second mirror 5 and the third mirror 6 are adjusted so that the laser can pass through the second mirror 5 and the third mirror 6 in sequence. During debugging, the operator can set the sensor on the above-mentioned swinging device 12, and the sensor can be a 2D lateral effect position sensor. The operator can first preliminarily adjust the laser beam so that the laser beam is roughly located at the center of the optical axis. By adjusting the swinging of the swinging device 12 to make the laser swing, for example, swing at 0°, ±90°, and record the positions of the three light spots. In the way of making a circle with three points, connect these three light spots to form the first circle. Then, finely adjust the first adjusting device 3 and the second adjusting device 4, for example, finely adjust the light spot position by 0.5 mm. Then repeat making the swinging device 12 swing at 0°, ±90°, and record the positions of these three light spots, and make a second circle in the way of making a circle with three points for the three light spots. The midpoint position of the center distance between the second circle and the second circle is the position of the optical axis center to be calibrated. Finally, install the 2D lateral effect position sensor below the output end of the galvanometer 11. Similarly, in the above way, by making the galvanometer 11 drive the laser to swing at three positions of 0°, ±90°, and record the light spots, and then finely adjust the position of the galvanometer 11 again. Make the galvanometer 11 drive the laser to swing at three positions of 0°, ±90° again, and record the positions of the light spots in the same way. Similarly, draw a circle of the positions of the galvanometer 11 twice in the way of making a circle with three points. The center of the center distance of the circles made at the two positions of the galvanometer 11 is the center position of the optical axis. By adjusting the position of the galvanometer 11 until the optical axis is located at the center of the center distance.
[0036] The above has specifically described the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent variations or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent variations or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.
Claims
1. An optical path structure, comprising a bracket (1), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a first reflector (2), a first adjusting device (3), a second adjusting device (4), a second reflector (5) and a third reflector (6); the first reflector (2) is arranged on the bracket (1); the first adjusting device (3) and the second adjusting device (4) are respectively arranged on the bracket (1); the second reflector (5) is arranged on the first adjusting device (3); the third reflector (6) is arranged on the second adjusting device (4); the first reflector (2), the second reflector (5) and the third reflector (6) are arranged at the same height; the laser passes through the first reflector (2), the second reflector (5) and the third reflector (6) in sequence; the first adjusting device (3) is used to adjust the second reflector (5) so that the second reflector (5) can swing vertically and horizontally; The second adjusting device (4) is used to adjust the third reflecting mirror (6) so that the third reflecting mirror (6) can swing vertically and horizontally.
2. The optical path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical path structure also includes a shell (7), the shell (7) is fixed on the frame, a laser transmission space is provided in the shell (7), an input hole connected to the laser transmission space is provided on the shell (7), an output hole connected to the laser transmission space is provided on the shell (7), the first reflector (2) is arranged at the input hole, the first reflector (2) and the shell (7) or the bracket (1) are fixedly connected, the laser reflected by the first reflector (2) passes through the input hole into the laser transmission space, and the first adjustment device (3) and the second adjustment device (4) are both arranged in the laser transmission space.
3. The optical path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adjusting device (3) and the second adjusting device (4) are arranged centrally symmetrically to each other.
4. The optical path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adjusting device (3) comprises a first fixed seat (31), a first swing frame (32), a first ball (33), two first upper push screws (34), a first lower push screw (35) and a plurality of first springs (36); the first fixed seat (31) is fixed on the bracket (1); the first swing frame (32) is arranged in an L shape; both the first swing frame (32) and the first fixed seat (31) are provided with recesses; the first ball (33) is arranged in the recesses on the first swing frame (32) and the first fixed seat (31); the first ball (33) and the first swing frame (32) are relatively rotatable; the first ball (33) and the first fixed seat (31) are arranged in a substantially L-shaped manner; 1) can rotate relatively, the depression on the first swing frame (32) is arranged at the L-shaped corner of the first swing frame (32), the first upper push screw (34) and the first lower push screw (35) are respectively arranged on the first fixed seat (31), the first upper push screw (34) and the lower push screw are respectively used to abut against the L-shaped ends of the L-shaped first swing frame (32), the two ends of all the first springs (36) are respectively abutted against the first swing frame (32) and the first fixed seat (31), all the first springs (36) are arranged between the first upper push screw (34) and the first lower push screw (35), and the first reflector (2) is fixed on the first swing frame (32).
5. The optical path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second adjusting device (4) comprises a second fixed seat (41), a second swing frame (42), a second ball (43), two second upper top screws (44), a second lower top screw (45) and a plurality of second springs (46); the second fixed seat (41) is fixed on the bracket (1); the second swing frame (42) is arranged in an L shape; the second swing frame (42) and the second fixed seat (41) are both provided with recesses; the second ball (43) is arranged in the recesses on the second swing frame (42) and the second fixed seat (41); the second ball (43) and the second swing frame (42) are relatively rotatable; the second ball (43) and the second fixed seat (41) are rotatable relative to each other .... 1) can rotate relatively, the depression on the second swing frame (42) is arranged at the L-shaped corner of the second swing frame (42), the second upper push screw (44) and the second lower push screw (45) are respectively arranged on the second fixed seat (41), the second upper push screw (44) and the lower push screw are respectively used to abut against the L-shaped ends of the L-shaped second swing frame (42), the two ends of all the second springs (46) are respectively abutted against the second swing frame (42) and the second fixed seat (41), all the second springs (46) are arranged between the second upper push screw (44) and the second lower push screw (45), and the second reflector (5) is fixed on the second swing frame (42).
6. The optical path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adjusting device (3) is arranged on the right side of the first reflecting mirror (2), and the second adjusting device (4) is arranged in front of or behind the first adjusting device (3).
7. A laser machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises the optical path structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and also comprises a frame, a laser generator (8), a connecting frame and an accordion cover (9), wherein the laser generator (8) is arranged on the frame, the accordion cover (9) extends in the up and down direction, the upper end of the accordion cover (9) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame, the connecting frame and the laser generator (8) are fixedly connected, a reflector group is provided on the connecting frame, the reflector group is used to conduct the laser generated by the laser generator (8) vertically downward into the accordion cover (9), the lower end of the accordion cover (9) is fixedly connected to the bracket (1), and the first reflector (2) is used to receive the laser transmitted by the reflector group.
8. The laser machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser machine tool also includes a laser head (10), which is arranged on a machine frame and is used to receive laser light emitted by a third reflector (6).