Photovoltaic module
By setting up an aerogel layer, a graphene thermal film and PBO fiber belt on the photovoltaic module, three fire protection lines are formed, which solves the problem of insufficient fire resistance capabilities of existing photovoltaic modules under extreme fire and high temperature conditions, and significantly improves their thermal insulation and fire resistance performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421609438.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic modules cannot pass 100% of the rigorous Class A test under extreme fire and high temperature conditions, and their fire resistance is insufficient, mainly due to the limited heat resistance of the material and uneven heat transfer.
By setting an aerogel layer on the front panel of the photovoltaic module and a PBO fiber tape on the back panel, combined with the use of graphene thermally conductive film, three fire-proof lines are formed. The aerogel layer blocks heat, the graphene thermally conductive film evacuates heat, and the PBO fiber belt provides refractory support.
It significantly improves the thermal insulation and fire resistance of photovoltaic modules, ensures that they maintain integrity and reliability under extreme fire and high temperature conditions, and protects the safety of power stations and surrounding facilities.
Smart Images
Figure CN222981907U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic component. Background Art
[0002] The fireproof performance of photovoltaic modules is a reflection of the superior performance of the module manufacturers' products. All major photovoltaic manufacturers have fireproof photovoltaic module products. However, the structural design of fireproof photovoltaic module products of major manufacturers basically relies on the support of refractory materials inside the module, while ignoring the ability of the overall structure of the module to conduct and block fire and heat sources. At present, the internal high-temperature resistant support belt of photovoltaic modules made of polytetrafluoroethylene is the mainstream in the current market. However, through research, it is found that photovoltaic modules with this type of structure cannot pass 100% of the test process and basically cannot meet the conditions for the more stringent A-level test. The following points are summarized: (1) According to the internationally recognized fire protection level test method, the heated part of the photovoltaic module at the fire scene or the test site is unevenly heated locally, and the surface of the photovoltaic module is basically non-metallic material, and the thermal conductivity is generally less than 100W / mk. The high temperature concentrated in the local area during the 10-minute test cycle is not conducive to uniform heat distribution and heat dissipation, which can easily cause the photovoltaic module to melt and fall off due to local high temperature. (2) At present, the focus of fire prevention of photovoltaic modules is to improve the fire resistance of materials as much as possible, ignoring the three main ways of heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation. Fire-proof photovoltaic modules basically cannot avoid the cross-linking and curing of polymer high-molecular adhesive films. The heat resistance of these materials is limited. Therefore, the fire prevention ability of photovoltaic modules needs to coordinate the thermal radiation and thermal conductivity of each part of the material. Simple optimization and upgrading of high-temperature resistance of materials cannot achieve the expected effect. (3) The glass used in ordinary fire-proof photovoltaic modules is stress-strengthened glass. Simple high-stress glass can resist high-temperature fire to a certain extent, but it cannot guarantee tolerance test. In addition, increasing the stress level of glass has different degrees of risks for glass production, such as increased glass hole defect rate, and photovoltaic module production process, such as module self-explosion. Utility Model Content
[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module of the utility model has good heat insulation ability, ensuring the integrity and reliability of the photovoltaic module under extreme fire and extreme high temperature conditions.
[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module.
[0005] A photovoltaic module comprises a front panel, a front adhesive film, a battery body, a back adhesive film, a back panel and an aerogel layer, wherein the front panel, the front adhesive film, the battery body, the back adhesive film and the back panel are stacked and connected in sequence, wherein the light-receiving surface of the front panel facing outwards has an aerogel layer.
[0006] In some of these embodiments, the thickness of the aerogel layer is 25 nm to 37 nm.
[0007] In some of these embodiments, the aerogel layer completely covers the light-receiving surface of the front panel facing outward.
[0008] In some of these embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a graphene heat-conducting film, the graphene heat-conducting film is connected between the front panel and the front adhesive film, and the graphene heat-conducting film corresponds to the string gap position of the battery body.
[0009] In some of these embodiments, the width of the graphene heat-conducting film is 1.8 mm to 2.2 mm.
[0010] In some of these embodiments, the number of the graphene heat-conducting films is multiple, the multiple graphene heat-conducting films are arranged at intervals, and each of the graphene heat-conducting films is respectively arranged at the string gap position of the battery body.
[0011] In some of these embodiments, the thickness of the graphene heat-conducting film is 2 nm to 30 nm.
[0012] In some of these embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a PBO fiber tape, and the PBO fiber tape is arranged between the back adhesive film and the back panel.
[0013] In some of these embodiments, the number of the PBO fiber tapes is multiple, a plurality of the PBO fiber tapes are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the back panel and the PBO fiber tapes correspond to the chip gap positions, and a plurality of the PBO fiber tapes are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the back panel and the PBO fiber tapes correspond to the string gap positions.
[0014] In some of these embodiments, the width of the PBO fiber tape located at the chip gap position is 2 mm to 3 mm;
[0015] The width of the PBO fiber tape located at the string gap position is 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm;
[0016] And / or, the thickness of the PBO fiber tape is 2 nm to 30 nm.
[0017] For the above photovoltaic module, by arranging an aerogel layer on the light-receiving surface of the front panel, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel layer is as low as 27.5 mW / m*k, the aerogel layer can still maintain good physical properties under the condition of contacting a temperature of 560 °C, and can block most of the heat from penetrating downward into the module, forming the first line of fire prevention, improving the heat insulation ability of the photovoltaic module, ensuring the integrity and reliability of the photovoltaic module under extreme fire and extreme high temperature conditions, and protecting the safety of the power station and surrounding facilities. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0019] In order to more fully understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following will be described in conjunction with the drawings. Among them, the same reference numerals in the following description represent the same parts.
[0020] Figure 1 Side structure schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 Inner surface schematic diagram of the front panel of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 Inner surface schematic diagram of the back panel of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0023] Description of the Reference Numerals
[0024] 10. Photovoltaic module; 100. Front panel; 200. Front adhesive film; 300. Battery body; 400. Back adhesive film; 500. Back panel; 600. Aerogel layer; 700. Graphene heat conduction film; 800. PBO fiber tape. Detailed Embodiments
[0025] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present utility model. However, the present utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0027] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0028] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "under" and "beneath" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.
[0029] In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "several" is more than one, and the meaning of "multiple" is more than two. Understandings such as "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. do not include the present number, and understandings such as "above", "below", "within", etc. include the present number. If there is a description of "first" and "second", it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.
[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this utility model belongs. The terms used in the description of this utility model herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this utility model. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.
[0031] In this disclosure, the "light-receiving surface" and the "backlight surface" are only used to distinguish the set positions of the two opposite surfaces of the battery substrate in terms of name. In actual working conditions, the "light-receiving surface" is the surface of the battery substrate that mainly receives light, but the "backlight surface" does not necessarily not receive light. On the contrary, due to the existence of diffuse reflected light, etc., the "backlight surface" can also receive light irradiation in actual working conditions.
[0032] The embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module 10, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0033] The photovoltaic module 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, for example, please refer to Figure 1 as shown Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application. The photovoltaic module 10 of the present application has good fire prevention performance.
[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the structure of the photovoltaic module 10, the photovoltaic module 10 will be introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Please refer to Figure 1 as shown, a photovoltaic module 10 includes a front panel 100, a front encapsulant 200, a battery body 300, a back encapsulant 400, a back panel 500, and an aerogel layer 600. The front panel 100, the front encapsulant 200, the battery body 300, the back encapsulant 400, and the back panel 500 are sequentially laminated and connected. Among them, the aerogel layer 600 is provided on the light-receiving surface facing outward of the front panel 100.
[0035] For the above-mentioned photovoltaic module 10, by providing the aerogel layer 600 on the light-receiving surface of the front panel 100, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel layer 600 is as low as 27.5 mW / m*k. The aerogel layer 600 can still maintain good physical properties under the condition of contacting a temperature of 560 °C, and can block most of the heat from penetrating downward into the module, forming the first line of fire prevention, improving the heat insulation ability of the photovoltaic module 10, ensuring the integrity of the photovoltaic module 10 in extreme fire situations, and protecting the safety of the power station and surrounding facilities.
[0036] In some of the embodiments, the thickness of the aerogel layer 600 is 25 nm to 37 nm. The thickness of the aerogel layer 600 can be any value or any range between 25 nm and 37 nm.
[0037] In some of these embodiments, the aerogel layer 600 completely covers the light-receiving surface facing outward of the front panel 100.
[0038] In some of these embodiments, the photovoltaic module 10 further includes a graphene thermal conductive film 700. The graphene thermal conductive film 700 is connected between the front panel 100 and the front adhesive film 200. The graphene thermal conductive film 700 is correspondingly located at the string gap position of the battery body 300. Refer to Figure 2 as shown Figure 2 which is a schematic diagram of the inner surface of the front panel of the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the graphene thermal conductive films 700 are distributed at intervals in the width direction of the battery cells.
[0039] In some of these embodiments, the width of the graphene thermal conductive film 700 is 1.8 mm to 2.2 mm.
[0040] In some of these embodiments, the number of the graphene thermal conductive films 700 is multiple. The multiple graphene thermal conductive films 700 are arranged at intervals. Each graphene thermal conductive film 700 is respectively arranged at the string gap position of the battery body 300.
[0041] In this application, the graphene thermal conductive films 700 are uniformly arranged on the embossed surface (the surface facing the front adhesive film 200) of the front panel 100 of the photovoltaic module 10, with a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m·K to 1900 W / m·K. The graphene thermal conductive films 700 are arranged longitudinally in the string gap. The main consideration is that the light transmittance of the graphene thermal conductive film 700 is lower than that of conventional photovoltaic auxiliary materials. In addition, the string spacing gap is larger and long enough compared to the cell spacing. Setting the graphene thermal conductive film 700 in the string gap can avoid the light transmittance shortcoming and expand the heat conduction area. The width of the graphene thermal conductive film 700 is about 2 mm, and the specific pattern is subject to the battery specifications. The structure of this application mainly utilizes the high thermal conductivity of the graphene thermal conductive film 700 to quickly and evenly transfer the heat of the photovoltaic module 10 to all parts of the photovoltaic module 10, avoiding the self-explosion risk of thermal stress concentration of the photovoltaic module 10 and facilitating the external dissipation of heat.
[0042] In some of these embodiments, the thickness of the graphene thermal conductive film 700 is 2 nm to 30 nm.
[0043] In some of these embodiments, the photovoltaic module 10 further includes a PBO fiber tape 800. The PBO fiber tape 800 is arranged between the back adhesive film 400 and the back panel 500.
[0044] In some of these embodiments, refer to Figure 3 as shown Figure 3Schematic diagram of the inner surface of the back panel of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The number of PBO fiber tapes 800 is multiple. A plurality of PBO fiber tapes 800 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the back panel 500, and the PBO fiber tapes 800 correspond to the positions of the cell gaps. Preferably, in the present application, a plurality of PBO fiber tapes 800 can also be arranged at intervals in the width direction of the back panel 500, and the PBO fiber tapes 800 correspond to the positions of the string gaps. Such an arrangement can further achieve fire prevention. Attached Figure 3 In the figure, only the PBO fiber tapes 800 arranged at intervals in the length direction are shown.
[0045] In some embodiments, the width of the PBO fiber tape 800 located at the cell gap position is 2 mm to 3 mm.
[0046] In some embodiments, the width of the PBO fiber tape 800 located at the string gap position is 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm.
[0047] In some embodiments, the thickness of the PBO fiber tape 800 is 2 nm to 30 nm.
[0048] In the present application, referring to Figure 3 As shown, on the embossed surface (the surface facing the back adhesive film 400) of the back panel 500 of the photovoltaic module 10, PBO fiber tapes 800 are arranged. Based on the component layout design, the PBO fiber tapes 800 are embedded in the cell gap regions (including the cell gaps and string gaps of the component). The PBO fiber tapes 800 are distributed in a crisscross pattern. The width of the PBO fiber tape 800 located at the cell gap position is about 2.5 mm, and the width of the PBO fiber tape 800 located at the string gap position is about 3 mm. The width and number of the PBO fiber tapes 800 depend on the component layout and cell specifications.
[0049] In some embodiments, the covering order at the intersections of the PBO fiber tapes 800 is in sequence: back panel 500 → PBO fiber tape 800 at the string gap → PBO fiber tape 800 at the cell gap. The PBO fiber tapes 800 have strong tensile and high-temperature resistance characteristics. They can still ensure the complete physical strength at temperatures above 650 °C, and can ensure the integrity and reliability of the photovoltaic module 10 while experiencing high temperatures with a very small amount of material used.
[0050] It should be noted that for the above-mentioned numerical intervals (i.e., numerical ranges), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of the selectable numerical values within the numerical interval is considered continuous, and includes the two numerical endpoints of the numerical interval (i.e., the minimum value and the maximum value), as well as each numerical value between these two numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when the numerical interval only refers to the integers within the numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, as well as each integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing each integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges disclosed in this application should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges subsumed therein. The "numerical values" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative values, such as numbers, percentages, ratios, etc. The "numerical interval" is allowed to broadly include quantitative intervals such as percentage intervals, ratio intervals, and ratio value intervals.
[0051] In some of these embodiments, the front panel 100 and the back panel 500 can each be a photovoltaic glass panel.
[0052] In this application, through experimental analysis, the heat-receiving part of the photovoltaic module 10 is comprehensively optimized. A three-way fire prevention line is formed by the heat source blocking of the aerogel layer 600 + the heat transfer dissipation of the graphene heat conduction film 700 + the fire-resistant support of the PBO fiber tape 800, resulting in a fire prevention and high-temperature resistance effect of 1 + 1 + 1 > 3. In the photovoltaic module 10 of this application, the aerogel layer 600 with excellent heat insulation performance on the light-receiving surface blocks the heat. Inside the photovoltaic module 10, the graphene heat conduction film 700 made of a high thermal conductivity material laterally dissipates the heat to each area of the photovoltaic module 10, alleviating the heat-receiving pressure in the area. After these two layers of materials lose protection at the same time, the PBO fiber tape 800 inside the photovoltaic module 10 can still form a network to protect the molten material with its extremely high heat resistance, preventing the molten material of the photovoltaic module 10 from spilling, achieving the purpose of fire prevention, and improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module 10.
[0053] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own focuses. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
[0054] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.
[0055] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present utility model. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the patent of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several variations and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present utility model shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module (10), characterized in that: The invention comprises a front panel (100), a front adhesive film (200), a battery body (300), a back adhesive film (400), a back panel (500) and an aerogel layer (600), wherein the front panel (100), the front adhesive film (200), the battery body (300), the back adhesive film (400) and the back panel (500) are sequentially stacked and connected, wherein the light-receiving surface of the front panel (100) facing outwards has an aerogel layer (600).
2. The photovoltaic assembly (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the aerogel layer (600) is 25 nm to 37 nm.
3. The photovoltaic assembly (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerogel layer (600) completely covers the light-receiving surface of the front panel (100) facing outwards.
4. The photovoltaic module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module (10) further comprises a graphene thermally conductive film (700), wherein the graphene thermally conductive film (700) is connected between the front panel (100) and the front adhesive film (200), and the graphene thermally conductive film (700) corresponds to a string gap position of the battery body (300).
5. The photovoltaic assembly (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the graphene thermal conductive film (700) is 1.8 mm to 2.2 mm.
6. The photovoltaic assembly (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the graphene heat-conducting films (700) is plural, the plural graphene heat-conducting films (700) are arranged at intervals, and each of the graphene heat-conducting films (700) is arranged at a string gap position of the battery body (300).
7. The photovoltaic assembly (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the graphene thermal conductive film (700) is 2nm-30nm.
8. The photovoltaic module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module (10) further comprises a PBO fiber tape (800), wherein the PBO fiber tape (800) is arranged between the back adhesive film (400) and the back panel (500).
9. The photovoltaic assembly (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the PBO fiber tapes (800) is plural, and the plural PBO fiber tapes (800) are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the back panel (500), and the PBO fiber tapes (800) correspond to the sheet gap positions, and the plural PBO fiber tapes (800) are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the back panel (500), and the PBO fiber tapes (800) correspond to the string gap positions.
10. The photovoltaic assembly (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that: The width of the PBO fiber tape (800) located at the intersheet gap is 2 mm to 3 mm; The width of the PBO fiber tape (800) located at the string gap position is 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm; And / or, the thickness of the PBO fiber tape (800) is 2 nm to 30 nm.