Horizontal boiler capable of expanding heating surface

Abstract

The utility model discloses a horizontal boiler capable of expanding the volume of a heating surface. The horizontal boiler comprises an incinerator; an inlet of the horizontal flue is connected with an outlet of the incinerator; an inlet of the tail flue is connected to an outlet of the horizontal flue; the tail flue is vertically arranged; according to the utility model, the tail flue is additionally arranged at the outlet end of the horizontal flue, so that the total length of the flue is increased, and a space is provided for additionally arranging a superheater and a coal economizer, so that the heating surface is improved, and the evaporation capacity and the garbage treatment capacity of the boiler are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of boiler technology. More specifically, it particularly relates to a horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface. Background Art

[0002] For the already put into production waste incineration power plants, the actual operating load of the boiler far exceeds the design upper limit, resulting in the incinerator and high-temperature superheater being in a superheated state for a long time, directly affecting the operation and maintenance cost of the power plant and posing a great threat to safety production. Therefore, measures such as reducing the waste treatment volume and increasing the boiler heating surface are usually taken to reduce the possibility of overheating and bursting of the heating surface tube wall. Reducing the waste treatment volume cannot meet the demand for end-of-life waste disposal, and the business operation pressure surges; for traditional horizontal waste incineration boilers, except for increasing the water-cooled wall area in the furnace, the second flue, and the third flue, due to the limited expansion space and support structure in the horizontal flue, the possibility of expanding the heating surface in this area is relatively small, and at the same time, the construction difficulty is relatively large. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface, which can, as much as possible, solve the technical problem of difficult expansion of the heating surface under the condition of limited expansion space and support structure in the horizontal flue.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface, characterized in that

[0006] An incinerator;

[0007] A horizontal flue, the inlet of the horizontal flue is connected to the outlet of the incinerator;

[0008] A tail flue, the inlet of the tail flue is connected to the outlet of the horizontal flue; the tail flue is vertically arranged.

[0009] Optionally, a steel section guard plate is additionally arranged in the middle of the tail flue, and is arranged in a U-shaped structure.

[0010] Optionally, the tail flue is surrounded by steel section guard plates in four directions of front, back, left and right; multiple groups of superheaters and multiple economizers are arranged in the tail flue.

[0011] Optionally, a small expansion joint and a sealing steel plate are arranged between the steel section guard plate and the upper support beam.

[0012] Optionally, the support steel section is a symmetric double-spliced channel steel structure, forming a hollow channel, and stud nails are welded on the periphery and refractory castable is poured, and the thickness of the castable is 50 - 100 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the multiple groups of superheaters include a plurality of low-temperature superheaters.

[0014] Optionally, the supporting steel section is fixedly welded to the steel section guard plate on the front side on one side.

[0015] Optionally, a hopper is provided under each superheater of the horizontal flue, and the hopper is provided under the tail flue.

[0016] Optionally, the hopper provided at the U-shaped structure is provided with a plurality of downwardly inclined circular short pipes. All the circular short pipes are fixed to the middle of the hopper through an orifice plate, and the inclination angle of all the circular short pipes is 5-30°.

[0017] Optionally, the horizontal flue is provided with an evaporator and a plurality of superheaters. The superheaters sequentially include a high-temperature superheater and a plurality of medium-temperature superheaters.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0019] By adding a tail flue at the outlet end of the horizontal flue, the total length of the flue is increased, providing space for adding superheaters and economizers, thereby increasing the heating surface and the evaporation capacity and waste treatment capacity of the boiler. In addition, by arranging a low-temperature superheater in the tail flue, the heat of the flue gas at a relatively low temperature in the tail flue is effectively utilized, improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler. In addition, by arranging the superheater and the economizer in the tail flue, excessive damage to the equipment by high-temperature flue gas can be avoided, the service life of the equipment is extended, and the installation and maintenance of the equipment are facilitated. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a vertical tail flue of a horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a U-shaped structure of a tail flue of a horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to the present utility model.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1, incinerator; 21, first flue; 22, second flue; 23, third flue; 3, horizontal flue; 31, evaporator; 321, high-temperature superheater; 322, medium-temperature superheater; 4, tail flue; 41, steel section guard plate; 42, steel section guard plate; 43, superheater; 431, low-temperature superheater; 44, economizer; 51, hopper; 52, hopper; 6, circular short pipe; 61, orifice plate. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 at the same time. A horizontal boiler provided by an embodiment of the present application that can expand the heating surface includes:

[0025] An incinerator 1;

[0026] A horizontal flue 3, the inlet of the horizontal flue 3 is connected to the outlet of the incinerator 1;

[0027] A tail flue 4, the inlet of the tail flue 4 is connected to the outlet of the horizontal flue 3; the tail flue 4 is vertically arranged.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, a horizontal boiler provided by the present utility model increases the length of the flue by connecting the tail flue 4 to the outlet end of the horizontal flue 3. In addition, the setting of the tail flue 4 can make full use of the vertical space of the original incineration power plant, enabling the superheater and economizer that need to be added to be arranged in the tail flue 4, achieving the purpose of expanding the heating surface, realizing the improvement of the boiler evaporation capacity and the increase of the amount of waste entering.

[0029] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 at the same time. The incinerator 1 includes a furnace chamber 11, a first flue 21, a second flue 22, and a third flue 23; the inlet of the first flue 21 is connected to the outlet of the furnace chamber 11, then the outlet of the first flue 21 is connected to the inlet of the second flue 22, and the outlet of the second flue 22 is connected to the inlet of the third flue 23; the outlet of the third flue 23 is connected to the inlet of the horizontal flue 3. And the first flue 21, the second flue 22, and the third flue 23 are arranged side by side, making the structure of the entire incinerator more compact. At the same time, the side-by-side arrangement is also beneficial to the uniform distribution and flow of flue gas, improving the efficiency of flue gas treatment.

[0030] In another embodiment of the present application, the tail flue 4 is preferably perpendicular to the horizontal flue 3 at 90°. The 90° perpendicular turn can ensure the stability of the flue gas flow. This stable flow pattern helps to reduce the energy loss caused by flow disorder.

[0031] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2, a steel plate guard 41 is additionally arranged in the middle of the tail flue 4, and is arranged in a U-shaped structure. By additionally arranging the steel plate guard 41 in the middle of the tail flue 4, the length of the flue can be further extended, providing sufficient installation space for the expansion of the heating surface. In addition, the additionally arranged steel plate guard 41 significantly enhances the structural strength and stability of the tail flue 4. As a high-strength material, the steel plate guard 41 has excellent compressive and anti-deformation capabilities, and can effectively resist the stress generated by the flue gas flow and temperature change; in addition, the U-shaped structure arrangement of the steel plate guard 41 helps to optimize the flow of the flue gas. The U-shaped structure forms a smooth transition area inside the tail flue 4, reducing the resistance of the flue gas during the flow process. This helps to maintain the flow rate and temperature of the flue gas, reduce energy loss, and improve the flow efficiency of the flue gas.

[0032] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 , the tail flue 4 is surrounded by steel plate guards 42 in the front, back, left and right directions; this design not only enhances the structural stability and strength of the tail flue, but also makes the space inside the flue more effectively utilized. In addition, multiple superheaters 43 and multiple economizers 44 are arranged in the tail flue 4; through the tail flue 4, multiple superheaters 43 and economizers that cannot be placed in the horizontal flue 3 are placed in the tail flue 4, making full use of the space of the tail flue, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the length of the flue and increasing multiple superheaters 43 under the condition of effective space, thereby increasing the heating surface.

[0033] In another embodiment of the present application, the steel plate guard 42 is placed on the support beam; multiple superheaters 43 are arranged in the tail flue 4, and each group of superheaters 43 is placed on the support steel in the front-back direction. The support steel is inserted into the reserved support openings of the steel plate guards 42 in the front-back direction. It shows that each group of superheaters 43 is supported by the steel plate guards 42 and then transmitted to the support beam. This structure can ensure the stability and safety of the superheater, and is also convenient for installation and maintenance. Specifically, the steel plate guard 42 is placed on the support beam, providing a stable support structure for the entire tail flue. This design not only enhances the structural stability of the tail flue, but also provides a solid foundation for the arrangement of the internal equipment.

[0034] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2, in the tail flue 4, multiple groups of superheaters 43 are arranged, including multiple low-temperature superheaters 431. The low-temperature superheaters 431 are mainly used to heat the feed water to a temperature close to that of saturated steam. There are multiple reasons for arranging the low-temperature superheaters 431 in the tail flue 4. First, the flue gas temperature in the tail flue 4 is relatively low, but still contains a certain amount of heat, and this part of the heat can be effectively utilized by the low-temperature superheaters 431, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the entire boiler. Second, arranging the low-temperature superheaters 431 in the tail flue can avoid excessive damage to the superheater pipes by high-temperature flue gas and extend the service life of the superheater.

[0035] In another embodiment of the present application, a small expansion joint and a sealing steel plate are provided between the profiled steel guard plate 42 and the upper support beam. First, the small expansion joint is provided to absorb and compensate for the thermal expansion caused by temperature changes. During the operation of the boiler, the temperature in the tail flue 4 will change, which will cause thermal expansion of the profiled steel guard plate 42 and the support beam. Without an expansion joint, this thermal expansion may cause structural stress concentration, deformation, or even damage. The small expansion joint can absorb this thermal expansion and ensure the integrity and stability of the structure. Second, the sealing steel plate is provided to ensure the sealing of the structure. Due to the high temperature and high pressure in the working environment, if there is a gap between the profiled steel guard plate 42 and the support beam, it may cause flue gas leakage, which will not only reduce the thermal efficiency of the boiler, but also may cause environmental pollution and even pose a threat to the health of the staff.

[0036] In another embodiment of the present application, the support profiled steel is a symmetric double-channel steel structure, forming a hollow channel; the double-channel steel structure of the support profiled steel can utilize its hollow structure to form a heat dissipation channel and reduce the thermal expansion stress of the steel structure. The periphery of the hollow channel is welded with studs and cast with refractory castable, and the thickness of the castable is 50-100 mm. The selection of the thickness range of the castable thickness can be based on a comprehensive consideration of material properties, working environment temperature, and required refractory time, aiming to ensure that the support profiled steel can work stably for a long time in a high-temperature environment.

[0037] In another embodiment of the present application, the support profiled steel is welded and fixed to the profiled steel guard plate 42 on the front side unilaterally, which can fully reserve an expansion gap and improve the safety factor.

[0038] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1Or 2, the horizontal flue 3 is provided with an evaporator 31 and a plurality of superheaters 32. The superheaters 32 successively include a high-temperature superheater 321 and a plurality of medium-temperature superheaters 322. The high-temperature superheater 321 is located at the front end of the superheater group, and it bears the highest flue gas temperature. Therefore, both its pipe material and structural design need to have extremely high high-temperature resistance performance. Through the heating of the high-temperature superheater 321, the temperature of the steam can be rapidly increased. The medium-temperature superheaters 322 are located behind the high-temperature superheater 321, and their function is to further heat the steam to the required superheat temperature. Since the flue gas temperature borne by the medium-temperature superheaters 322 is relatively low, their pipe material and structural design can be relatively simplified, but good heat transfer performance and durability still need to be ensured. Through the collaborative work of the evaporator 31 and the plurality of superheaters 32, the horizontal flue 3 can effectively utilize the heat of the flue gas and achieve efficient conversion and utilization of thermal energy. This design not only improves the thermal efficiency of the boiler, but also helps to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution, and has important practical application value.

[0039] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 , a hopper 51 is provided under each superheater (high-temperature superheater 321 or medium-temperature superheater 322) of the horizontal flue 3, and a hopper 52 is provided under the tail flue 4. During the operation of the boiler, the superheater is used to further heat the saturated steam to the superheated state, and some ashes and other solid particles may be generated during this process. The main function of the hopper 51 or 52 is to receive and store these burned ashes to ensure that they do not accumulate on the surface of the superheater or other equipment, so as to keep the equipment clean and efficient. Similarly, a hopper 52 is also provided under the tail flue 4, and the economizer and the low-temperature superheater 431 in the tail flue 4 will generate particulate matter, which will be collected by the hopper 52. This can prevent these harmful substances from being directly discharged into the environment and polluting the atmosphere.

[0040] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 , a plurality of downwardly inclined circular short pipes 6 are provided in the hopper 52 provided at the U-shaped structure. All the circular short pipes 6 are fixed to the middle of the hopper 52 through an orifice plate 61. The inclination angle of all the circular short pipes 6 is 5-30°, which can effectively separate the fly ash in the flue gas and reduce the pressure of the flue gas purification system.

[0041] It can be understood that the present utility model is described through some embodiments. Those skilled in the art know that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments. Additionally, under the teaching of the present utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface, characterized in that: Incinerators; A horizontal flue, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the incinerator; A tail flue, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the horizontal flue; the tail flue is arranged vertically; A steel guard plate is added in the middle of the tail flue, which is arranged in a U-shaped structure.

2. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail flue is formed by being surrounded by steel guard plates in four directions: front, back, left and right; a plurality of groups of superheaters and a plurality of economizers are arranged in the tail flue.

3. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: A small expansion joint and a sealing steel plate are arranged between the steel guard plate and the upper support beam, and the steel guard plate is connected with the supporting steel.

4. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The supporting steel is a symmetrical double-jointed channel steel structure to form a hollow channel, and claw nails are welded on the periphery to cast refractory castables, and the thickness of the castables is 50 to 100 mm.

5. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of groups of superheaters include a plurality of low temperature superheaters.

6. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting steel is fixed to the steel guard plate on the front side by single-side welding.

7. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal flue is provided with an evaporator and a plurality of superheaters, and the superheaters include a high-temperature superheater and a plurality of medium-temperature superheaters in sequence.

8. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to claim 7, characterized in that: An ash hopper is provided under each superheater of the horizontal flue, and the ash hopper is provided under the tail flue.

9. A horizontal boiler capable of expanding the heating surface according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ash hopper arranged at the U-shaped structure is provided with a plurality of groups of downwardly inclined short circular tubes, all of which are fixed to the middle of the ash hopper through a perforated plate, and all of which have an inclination angle of 5 to 30 degrees.

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