Ecological supporting structure for tunnel hole slag

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and provides a tunnel hole slag ecological supporting structure which comprises a plurality of anchor rods implanted along a mountain slope. The steps are arranged at the bottom of the mountain body, and a plurality of baffle assemblies are evenly installed on the steps in a staggered mode; the baffle assembly comprises an insertion pile, a bottom plate and a vertical plate, the bottom plate is flush with the step, the insertion pile is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate and is inserted into a mountain, and the vertical plate is kept perpendicular to the bottom plate; the waste residue filling wall is arranged below the tunnel and is laid next to the mountain from the steps, and geogrids are laid on the waste residue filling wall; the vegetation bags are arranged on one side of the slope surface of the waste residue filling wall and stacked layer by layer, and the vegetation bags are distributed in a step shape; and the concrete sealing layer is arranged at the top ends of the vegetation bags and the waste residue filling wall. The steps and the baffle assembly are arranged and matched with the anchor rods and the geogrids, so that the anti-sliding capacity of the hole opening supporting structure is improved, and the stability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and more specifically, to an ecological support structure for tunnel muck. Background Art

[0002] The terrain at the entrance of mountain tunnels has large undulations and is complex and diverse. Shallow burial and bias pressure are very common in such mountain tunnels. After the tunnel is excavated, the entrance will be subjected to significant unbalanced forces. As the throat of the tunnel, the tunnel entrance is a weak part of the tunnel and is extremely prone to tunnel structure damage under the action of unbalanced forces. When the excavated tunnel entrance is on the slope of the upper body, when the tunnel entrance is dug through, the other end is on the slope of the mountain body, resulting in a large height difference between the tunnel entrance and the original ground, and there are the following problems:

[0003] 1. A road surface needs to be laid at the tunnel entrance, and a support workbench with the same height needs to be set under the road surface to carry out muck transportation and disposal. Moreover, the transportation volume is large and the cost is high.

[0004] 2. Since most spoil grounds are large in scale, occupy a large amount of land, and once the spoil is not properly disposed of, geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows will occur, it is essential to set up retaining structures. Traditional support structures mostly use concrete aggregates, with high construction costs and high construction difficulties.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a stable anti-landslide support structure for the tunnel entrance using muck, which can make use of waste and save costs. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an ecological support structure for tunnel muck with good anti-landslide ability, which can make use of waste and has lower construction costs.

[0007] The embodiments of the utility model are realized by the following technical solutions: An ecological support structure for tunnel muck includes a plurality of anchor rods implanted along the mountain slope; a step provided at the bottom of the mountain, and a plurality of baffle assemblies are evenly and staggeredly installed on the step; each baffle assembly includes a plug pile, a bottom plate and a vertical plate, the bottom plate is flush with the step, the plug pile is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate and inserted into the mountain body, and the vertical plate is perpendicular to the bottom plate; a waste filling wall is arranged under the tunnel and laid close to the mountain body from the step, and a geogrid is laid on the waste filling wall; vegetation bags are arranged on the slope side of the waste filling wall and stacked layer by layer, and the vegetation bags are distributed in a stepped manner; a concrete sealing layer is arranged at the top of the vegetation bags and the waste filling wall.

[0008] Further, the stepped slope gap on the side of the vegetation bag away from the waste filling wall is filled with planting soil.

[0009] Further, water-permeable holes are formed in the vertical plate, and at least one reinforcing rib plate is provided between the vertical plate and the bottom plate.

[0010] Further, a rammed lime soil layer is filled on one of the steps, and shielding I-beams are inserted into the rammed lime soil layer, and the shielding I-beams are arranged closely adjacent to the bottom of the vegetation bag.

[0011] Further, it further includes a retaining wall, the retaining wall is arranged closely adjacent to the rammed lime soil layer, and a catch drain is further provided beside the retaining wall; the retaining wall is formed by casting concrete or masonry with mortar.

[0012] Further, the vertical spacing between adjacent anchor rods is 1.5 m - 1.8 m.

[0013] Further, the thickness of the concrete sealing layer is 25 cm - 30 cm.

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model at least have the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. By arranging horizontal steps at the bottom of the mountain and cooperating with the baffle assembly, the waste slag retaining wall formed by the tunnel muck is in contact therewith. At the same time, the contact of multiple anchor rods and the connection with the waste slag retaining wall share a part of the gravity, and this support structure is not prone to landslides and will not show overall settlement;

[0016] 2. The vegetation bags are used to grow plants by piling up outside, and the roots lock the soil mass, which is both beautiful and further improves the ability to prevent soil and water loss;

[0017] 3. The tunnel muck is fully utilized, the masonry of concrete masonry is reduced, and the construction is convenient and the cost is saved. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the tunnel muck ecological support structure provided for the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 For Figure 1 The partial enlarged view of the A position in;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a front view structure diagram of the mountain body in the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the baffle assembly in the present utility model.

[0023] Icon: 1 - anchor rod, 2 - mountain body, 3 - step, 4 - baffle assembly, 41 - vertical plate, 411 - water permeable hole, 42 - bottom plate, 43 - insertion pile, 44 - reinforcing rib plate, 5 - waste residue filling wall, 6 - geogrid, 7 - vegetation bag, 8 - planting soil, 9 - concrete sealing layer, 10 - rammed lime soil layer, 11 - shielding I-beam, 12 - retaining wall, 13 - catchment ditch. Specific embodiments

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0027] The following is further described with specific embodiments. Refer to Figures 1 - 4As shown in the figure, this embodiment is a tunnel muck ecological support structure, which includes a number of anchor rods 1 implanted along the slope of the mountain body 2; a step 3, which is arranged at the bottom of the mountain body 2, and a number of baffle components 4 are evenly and staggeredly installed on the step 3; the baffle component 4 includes a plug pile 43, a bottom plate 42 and a vertical plate 41. The bottom plate 42 is flush with the step 3, and the plug pile 43 is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate 42 and inserted into the mountain body 2, and the vertical plate 41 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 42; a waste filling wall 5, which is arranged under the tunnel and is laid closely along the mountain body 2 from the step 3, and a geogrid 6 is laid on the waste filling wall 5; vegetation bags 7, which are stacked layer by layer on the slope side of the waste filling wall 5, and the vegetation bags 7 are distributed in a stepped shape; a concrete sealing layer 9, which is arranged at the top of the vegetation bags 7 and the waste filling wall 5; specifically, the muck excavated from the tunnel is filled along the mountain body 2 at the tunnel entrance to form a waste filling wall 5, which reduces the transportation cost and is more convenient for construction. Usually, the landslide of the mountain body 2 can slide from the bottom. By opening a step 3 on the mountain body 2 and cooperating with the horizontal block of the vertical plate 41 of the baffle component 4, the overall gravity of the waste filling wall 5 acts vertically on the step 3, and then cooperating with the waste retaining wall to pile up against the mountain body 2, a number of anchor rods 1 share a part of the weight of the waste retaining wall. The concrete sealing layer 9 forms a road and blocks a part of the rainwater from entering the waste filling wall 5 to increase its weight and increase the risk of sliding. In summary, the above measures make the support structure composed of muck not easy to slide. The geogrid 6 makes the waste more integral, and the roots of the plants growing from the external vegetation bags 7 will also lock the soil body. This support structure has high stability.

[0028] It should be noted that the vegetation bag 7, also known as a greening bag or a grass planting bag, is a bag for planting plants made of environmentally friendly materials and is widely used in urban greening, soil conservation, prevention of soil erosion and other fields. The vegetation bag 7 is mainly made of materials such as non-woven fabric and sunshade net. These materials have the characteristics of anti-ultraviolet, durability, good water permeability and air permeability. In addition, the vegetation bag 7 is also filled with cultivation media such as soil and sand, and plant seeds are implanted.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, in order to improve the anti-soil erosion ability of the support structure, planting soil 8 is filled in the stepped slope gap on the side of the vegetation bag 7 away from the waste filling wall 5. Some plants such as shrubs can be planted according to the planting soil 8. The roots of the shrubs can extend into the vegetation bag 7 on the side, and the soil body of the slope can be locked by the roots of the shrubs.

[0030] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, a water permeable hole 411 is opened on the vertical plate 41, and excessive water can flow down along the slope, avoiding excessive water accumulation at the bottom of the support structure, which is likely to cause overall sliding. At least one reinforcing rib plate 44 is arranged between the vertical plate 41 and the bottom plate 42 to improve the strength of the vertical plate 41 and the ability to limit the left and right movement of the muck when it contacts the vertical plate 41.

[0031] As shown Figure 1 in the figure, a compacted lime soil layer 10 is filled on a step 3, and a pile 43 is inserted into the compacted lime soil layer 10 to shield an I-beam 11, and the shielding I-beam 11 is arranged close to the bottom of the vegetation bag 7.

[0032] This embodiment further includes a retaining wall 12, the retaining wall 12 is arranged close to the compacted lime soil layer 10, and a catch drain 13 is also arranged beside the retaining wall 12; the retaining wall 12 is formed by concrete pouring or masonry with mortar; specifically, it is arranged at the outermost part of the support structure and abuts against the compacted lime soil layer 10. When the excess water flows down from above, it can be drained away through the catch drain 13 formed by concrete pouring.

[0033] It is worth mentioning that the vertical spacing between adjacent anchor bolts 1 is 1.5m - 1.8m; specifically, the anchor bolts 1 with such a spacing can restrict the waste residue filling close to the mountain body 2 in the gravity direction, and play a certain role in preventing landslides.

[0034] Preferably, the thickness of the concrete sealing layer 9 is 25cm - 30cm.

[0035] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel slag ecological support structure, characterized by: It comprises a plurality of anchor rods (1) implanted along the slope of a mountain (2); A step (3) is arranged at the bottom of the mountain (2), and a plurality of baffle assemblies (4) are evenly and staggeredly installed on the step (3); The baffle assembly (4) comprises a plugging pile (43), a bottom plate (42) and a vertical plate (41), wherein the bottom plate (42) is flush with the step (3), and the plugging pile (43) is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate (42) and inserted into the mountain (2), and the vertical plate (41) and the bottom plate (42) are kept vertical; A waste slag filling wall (5) is arranged below the tunnel and is laid from the step (3) close to the mountain (2), and the waste slag filling wall (5) is laid with a geogrid (6); Vegetation bags (7) are arranged on one side of the slope of the waste slag filling wall (5) and are stacked layer by layer, and the vegetation bags (7) are distributed in a stepped manner; A concrete sealing layer (9) is arranged on the top of the vegetation bag (7) and the waste slag filling wall (5).

2. The tunnel slag ecological support structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The gaps in the stepped slope of the vegetation bag (7) away from the waste slag filling wall (5) are filled with planting soil (8).

3. The tunnel slag ecological support structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vertical plate (41) is provided with a water-permeable hole (411), and at least one reinforcing rib plate (44) is provided between the vertical plate (41) and the bottom plate (42).

4. The tunnel slag ecological support structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: One of the steps (3) is filled with a compacted soil layer (10), and the piles (43) inserted in the compacted soil layer (10) have shielding I-beams (11), and the shielding I-beams (11) are arranged close to the bottom of the vegetation bag (7).

5. The tunnel slag ecological support structure according to claim 4 is characterized by: It also comprises a retaining wall (12), wherein the retaining wall (12) is arranged close to the compacted lime soil layer (10), and a drainage ditch (13) is arranged on the side of the retaining wall (12).

6. The tunnel slag ecological support structure according to claim 5 is characterized by: The retaining wall (12) is constructed by pouring concrete or laying mortar stones.

7. The tunnel slag ecological support structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The distance between the upper and lower rows of adjacent anchor rods (1) is 1.5m-1.8m.

8. The tunnel slag ecological support structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The thickness of the concrete sealing layer (9) is 25cm-30cm.

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