Composite TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) with two deslagging modes

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) with two deslagging modes, which relates to the technical field of rock tunnel boring machines and comprises a shield, a cutterhead is arranged at the front end of the shield, the interior of the cutterhead is of a hollow structure, and the front wall and the rear wall of the cutterhead are respectively a panel and a back plate; a main driving assembly used for driving the cutter head to rotate is arranged on the inner side of the shield, a belt conveyor assembly is arranged in the middle of the main driving assembly in a penetrating mode, a screw conveyor assembly is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the shield, and a thrust oil cylinder and a segment erector are arranged on the rear portion of the inner side of the shield. The method has the beneficial effects that when the self-stability of the tunnel surrounding rock is good, the center belt conveyor is adopted for deslagging, and efficient deslagging is matched with TBM efficient tunneling; when tunnel surrounding rock is broken and poor in water, a bottom screw conveyor is matched with a central belt conveyor to discharge slag, and a TBM cutter head is prevented from being stuck; when the tunnel surrounding rock is broken and rich in water, the bottom screw conveyor is adopted for deslagging, the situation that water inrush and mud inrush cannot be controlled is avoided, and tunnel construction safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rock tunnel boring machines, in particular to a composite TBM with two slag discharging methods. Background Technique

[0002] The strata traversed by tunnels are becoming more and more complex and the working conditions encountered are becoming more and more severe. The rock tunnel boring (abbreviated as TBM) with a single slag discharging method can no longer meet the needs of tunnel construction. For the traditional TBM that only discharges slag through the central belt conveyor, when the tunnel surrounding rock is broken and collapsed, the cutter head of the TBM is easily stuck, and when the tunnel surrounding rock is broken and water-rich, water inrush and mud gushing are likely to occur. The dual-mode TBM that uses both the central belt for slag discharging and the bottom screw conveyor for slag discharging, such as the dual-mode shield with the application number 202410846613.0, can only be used in conjunction with a shield cutter head without a back plate. Otherwise, the screw conveyor will interfere with the back plate of the cutter head. However, the shield cutter head with only a panel has low strength and stiffness and does not meet the requirements of long-distance tunneling of long-distance TBMs. In addition, the central belt conveyor cannot be retracted in time and it is difficult to cope with sudden mud gushing and water inrush.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the engineering problems of the cutter head of the TBM being stuck and mud gushing and water inrush in water-rich and broken strata, inventing a composite TBM with two slag discharging methods that has the functions of central belt slag discharging and bottom screw conveyor slag discharging and can be used in conjunction with a drum-shaped TBM cutter head with both a panel and a back plate is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art at present. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a composite TBM with two slag discharging methods in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The utility model realizes the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A composite TBM with two slag discharging methods includes a shield. A cutter head is arranged at the front end of the shield. The inside of the cutter head is a hollow structure. The front wall and the rear wall of the cutter head are a panel and a back plate respectively. A main drive assembly for driving the cutter head to rotate is arranged inside the shield. A belt conveyor assembly passes through the middle of the main drive assembly. A screw conveyor assembly is arranged at the bottom inside the shield. A propulsion oil cylinder and a segment erector are arranged behind the shield inside. The screw conveyor assembly includes a telescopic shaft, a cylinder body, a gate and a drive. The drive is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cylinder body. The telescopic shaft is arranged inside the cylinder body. A spiral blade is arranged on the telescopic shaft. The gate is arranged below the rear end of the cylinder body. The belt conveyor assembly includes a belt conveyor, a slag receiving hopper and an oil cylinder. The slag receiving hopper is arranged at the head position of the belt conveyor. The slag receiving hopper is connected with the main drive assembly through the oil cylinder. A central slag discharging port is opened on the back plate of the cutter head corresponding to the slag receiving hopper. Baffles capable of blocking the central slag discharging port are arranged at both the front and rear ends of the slag receiving hopper.

[0007] Preferably, hob mounting seats are arranged on the panel of the cutter head, and slag scraping plate mounting seats and slag inlet openings are arranged at the edge positions of the panel of the cutter head; a plurality of slag discharge openings are symmetrically arranged at the edge of the back plate of the cutter head, and a plurality of slag chutes are arranged between the panel and the back plate of the cutter head.

[0008] Preferably, hobs are arranged on the hob mounting seats, and slag scraping plates are arranged on the slag scraping plate mounting seats.

[0009] Preferably, the baffle at the front end of the slag scraping plate is located between the panel and the back plate of the cutter head, and the baffle at the rear end of the slag scraping plate is located behind the back plate of the cutter head.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when the self-stability of the tunnel surrounding rock is good, the central belt conveyor is used for slag discharge, and the efficient slag discharge is combined with the efficient tunneling of the TBM; when the tunnel surrounding rock is broken and water-poor, the bottom screw conveyor is combined with the central belt conveyor for slag discharge to prevent the TBM cutter head from being stuck; when the tunnel surrounding rock is broken and water-rich, the bottom screw conveyor is used for slag discharge to avoid uncontrollable water inrush and mud gushing and ensure the safety of tunnel construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0012] Figure 1 It is a right-view structural schematic diagram of the central belt conveyor slag discharge mode of a composite TBM with two slag discharge modes according to the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a right-view structural schematic diagram of the bottom screw conveyor slag discharge mode of a composite TBM with two slag discharge modes according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a front three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cutter head of a composite TBM with two slag discharge modes according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 It is a back three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cutter head of a composite TBM with two slag discharge modes according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the selection of the TBM slag discharge mode under different surrounding rock conditions of a composite TBM with two slag discharge modes according to the present invention.

[0017] The description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0018] 1. Cutter head; 2. Belt conveyor assembly; 3. Main drive assembly; 4. Shield; 5. Screw conveyor assembly; 6. Jacking cylinder; 7. Segment erector; 1-1. Hob mounting seat; 1-2. Slag scraping plate mounting seat; 1-3. Slag inlet; 1-4. Slag outlet; 1-5. Slag chute; 2-1. Belt conveyor; 2-2. Slag receiving hopper; 2-3. Cylinder; 5-1. Telescopic shaft; 5-2. Cylinder body; 5-3. Gate; 5-4. Drive. Specific embodiments

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings:

[0022] As Figures 1 - 5As shown in the figure, a composite TBM with two slag discharge methods includes a shield 4. A cutter head 1 is provided at the front end of the shield 4. The inside of the cutter head 1 is a hollow structure. The front wall and the rear wall of the cutter head 1 are a panel and a back plate respectively. Inside the shield 4, a main drive assembly 3 for driving the cutter head 1 to rotate is provided. A belt conveyor assembly 2 passes through the middle of the main drive assembly 3. At the bottom inside the shield 4, a screw conveyor assembly 5 is provided. Behind the inside of the shield 4, a propulsion cylinder 6 and a segment erector 7 are provided. The screw conveyor assembly 5 includes a telescopic shaft 5-1, a cylinder body 5-2, a gate 5-3 and a drive 5-4. The drive 5-4 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cylinder body 5-2. The drive 5-4 includes a motor for driving the telescopic shaft 5-1 to rotate and a hydraulic cylinder for driving the telescopic shaft 5-1 to extend and retract. The telescopic shaft 5-1 is inserted into the cylinder body 5-2. The telescopic shaft 5-1 includes a shaft sleeve and a mandrel inserted inside the shaft sleeve. A spiral blade is provided on the mandrel. The mandrel is a hexagonal prism. The cross-sectional shape of the inner hole of the shaft sleeve is a hexagon matching the mandrel. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed inside the shaft sleeve. The moving end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mandrel. A gate 5-3 for blocking the slag discharge port of the cylinder body 5-2 is provided below the rear end of the cylinder body 5-2. The belt conveyor assembly 2 includes a belt conveyor 2-1, a slag receiving hopper 2-2 and an oil cylinder 2-3. The slag receiving hopper 2-2 is provided at the head position of the belt conveyor 2-1. The slag receiving hopper 2-2 is connected to the main drive assembly 3 through the oil cylinder 2-3. A central slag discharge port is provided on the back plate of the cutter head 1 corresponding to the slag receiving hopper 2-2. Baffles capable of blocking the central slag discharge port are provided at both the front and rear ends of the slag receiving hopper 2-2. The baffle at the front end of the slag scraping plate is located between the panel and the back plate of the cutter head 1, and the baffle at the rear end of the slag scraping plate is located behind the back plate of the cutter head 1.

[0023] Hob mounting seats 1-1 are arranged on the panel of the cutter head 1, and slag scraping plate mounting seats 1-2 and slag inlet 1-3 are arranged at the edge position of the panel of the cutter head 1. A plurality of slag dropping ports 1-4 are symmetrically arranged at the edge of the back plate of the cutter head 1. A plurality of slag chutes 1-5 are arranged between the panel and the back plate of the cutter head 1. Hob is provided on the hob mounting seat 1-1. The hob is used to break rocks. A slag scraping plate is provided on the slag scraping plate mounting seat 1-2. The slag scraping plate scrapes the broken rocks into the inside of the cutter head 1.

[0024] Working principle: When the surrounding rock has good self-stability, the central slag discharge method is adopted: The belt conveyor 2-1 and the slag receiving hopper 2-2 extend into the center of the cutter head 1. The slag scraping plates around the cutter head 1 scrape the rock slag that falls to the bottom of the tunnel after being broken by the hobs through the slag inlet 1-3 into the space between the panel and the back plate of the cutter head 1. The rock slag that enters the space between the panel and the back plate of the cutter head 1 is lifted as the cutter head 1 rotates. Under the action of its own weight, the rock slag radially slides along the slag chutes 1-5 between the panel and the back plate of the cutter head 1 to the slag receiving hopper 2-2 at the center position of the cutter head 1, and then is transported backward through the belt conveyor 2-1.

[0025] When the surrounding rock is broken and lacks water, a large amount of rock debris in front of the cutter head 1 and on the top of the tunnel collapses and enters the cutter head 1, making it difficult for the cutter head 1 to rotate continuously. The bottom slag discharge is assisted by the central slag discharge method: the cutter head 1 is released from the difficulty mode to rotate a slag discharge port 1-4 on the back of the cutter head 1 to the bottom of the tunnel. Then, the telescopic shaft 5-1 of the screw machine assembly 5 is extended by the hydraulic cylinder, and the front end is extended into the slag discharge port 1-4 at the bottom of the cutter head 1. Then, the gate 5-3 at the tail of the screw machine assembly 5 is opened, and the rock debris accumulated in the cutter head 1 is discharged backwards through the screw machine assembly 5. When the amount of rock debris accumulated in the cutter head 1 is reduced and the cutter head 1 can rotate continuously, the telescopic shaft 5-1 of the screw machine assembly 5 is retracted, and the belt conveyor 2-1 is used to discharge the slag.

[0026] When the surrounding rock is broken and rich in water, in order to prevent the open center slag discharge method from causing water gushing and mud bursting, only the bottom slag discharge method is used: first, the belt conveyor 2-1 and the slag receiving bucket 2-2 are retracted from the center of the cutter disc 1, and the baffle on the slag receiving bucket 2-2 closes the center slag discharge port on the back plate of the cutter disc 1. Then, the telescopic shaft 5-1 of the screw machine assembly 5 is extended into the slag discharge port 1-4 at the bottom of the cutter disc 1, and the rock slag is discharged backwards through the screw conveyor assembly, and the water gushing and mud bursting are controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the tail end gate 5-3 of the screw machine assembly 5; after most of the rock slag accumulated in the cutter disc 1 is discharged, the telescopic shaft 5-1 of the screw machine assembly 5 is retracted and the tail end gate 5-3 is closed; the cutter disc 1 rotates, the thrust cylinder 6 extends, and the TBM excavates the rock and advances forward.

[0027] The belt conveyor 2-1, the main drive assembly 3, the shield 4, the thrust cylinder 2-36, the segment assembler 7, the roller cutter mounting seat 1-1, the scraper plate mounting seat 1-2, the belt conveyor 2-1, the slag receiving bucket 2-2, the cylinder 2-3, and the gate 5-3 are all common standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods, so no further records are made here.

[0028] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the utility model are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements shall fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected.

Claims

1. A composite TBM with two slag discharge modes, comprising a shield (4), characterized in that: A cutter disc (1) is arranged at the front end of the shield (4), the interior of the cutter disc (1) is a hollow structure, and the front wall and rear wall of the cutter disc (1) are respectively a panel and a back panel; a main drive assembly (3) for driving the cutter disc (1) to rotate is arranged on the inner side of the shield (4), a belt conveyor assembly (2) is passed through the middle of the main drive assembly (3); a screw machine assembly (5) is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the shield (4), and a propulsion cylinder (6) and a segment assembler (7) are arranged at the rear of the inner side of the shield (4); the screw machine assembly (5) comprises a telescopic shaft (5-1), a cylinder (5-2), a gate (5-3) and a drive (5-4); the drive (5-4) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cylinder (5-2). 4), a telescopic shaft (5-1) is inserted into the cylinder (5-2), a spiral blade is arranged on the telescopic shaft (5-1), and a gate (5-3) is arranged below the rear end of the cylinder (5-2); the belt conveyor assembly (2) comprises a belt conveyor (2-1), a slag receiving bucket (2-2) and an oil cylinder (2-3), a slag receiving bucket (2-2) is arranged at the head position of the belt conveyor (2-1), the slag receiving bucket (2-2) is connected to the main drive assembly (3) via the oil cylinder (2-3), a central slag outlet is opened on the back plate of the cutter disc (1) corresponding to the slag receiving bucket (2-2), and baffles capable of blocking the central slag outlet are arranged at both the front and rear ends of the slag receiving bucket (2-2).

2. A composite TBM with two slag discharge modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hob mounting seat (1-1) is arranged on the panel of the cutter disc (1), and a scraper plate mounting seat (1-2) and a slag inlet (1-3) are arranged at the edge of the panel of the cutter disc (1); a plurality of slag outlets (1-4) are symmetrically arranged at the edge of the back plate of the cutter disc (1), and a plurality of groups of slag sliding plates (1-5) are arranged between the panel and the back plate of the cutter disc (1).

3. A composite TBM with two slag discharge modes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A roller cutter is arranged on the roller cutter mounting seat (1-1), and a scraper plate is arranged on the scraper plate mounting seat (1-2).

4. A composite TBM with two slag discharge modes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle plate at the front end of the scraper plate is located between the front panel and the back panel of the cutter disc (1), and the baffle plate at the rear end of the scraper plate is located at the rear side of the back panel of the cutter disc (1).

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