Long-distance temporary supporting device for fully-mechanized excavation roadway

Abstract

The utility model discloses a long-distance temporary supporting device for a fully-mechanized excavation roadway. The long-distance temporary supporting device comprises a plurality of gate-type supports arranged side by side. Migration mechanisms are arranged among the door-type supports, so that the door-type supports in the odd-numbered rows and the door-type supports in the even-numbered rows alternately move; a forepoling bar mechanism is arranged at the top end of the gate-type support located at the foremost end and used for supporting a roadway roof; a roadway clearing mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the gate-type support located at the foremost end and used for trimming the ground in the advancing direction of the gate-type supports; side supporting mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the top end of the gate-type support located on the rear portion and used for supporting the side wall of the top of the roadway. The trimming structure and the supporting structure are orderly combined, so that the stability of surrounding rock of a roadway is effectively maintained, the trimming structure and the fully-mechanized coal winning machine can work in parallel, continuous operation of the fully-mechanized coal winning machine is achieved, and the tunneling efficiency of coal mining operation is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of roadway support, in particular to a long-distance temporary support device for fully-mechanized excavation roadway. Background Art

[0002] In the current coal industry, the excavation operation of coal mine roadways often adopts the method of using an full-mechanized roadheader equipped with an on-board temporary support device. However, this operation method generally has the phenomenon of unbalanced excavation and support, which seriously restricts the efficient and green development of fully-mechanized excavation roadways in coal mines. According to statistical data, during the construction operation of fully-mechanized excavation roadways, the proportion of excavation time in the cycle operation time is about 20%, the proportion of permanent support time in the cycle operation time is about 40%, and the proportion of temporary support time in the cycle operation time is about 10%. In order to improve the coal mining rate, it is particularly important to develop a new type of long-distance temporary support device with reasonable matching, strong environmental adaptability and capable of realizing timely pressure-bearing support. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a long-distance temporary support device for fully-mechanized excavation roadways, aiming to improve the excavation speed of fully-mechanized excavation roadways in coal mines, realize parallel operation of excavation and support, and at the same time improve the safety level of fully-mechanized excavation roadways in coal mines.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0005] A long-distance temporary support device for fully-mechanized excavation roadways includes a plurality of portal frames arranged side by side; a moving mechanism is arranged between the plurality of portal frames to make the portal frames in odd rows and the portal frames in even rows perform alternating moving actions; a front-probing beam mechanism is arranged at the top of the portal frame at the forefront to support the roadway roof; a roadway trimming mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the portal frame at the forefront to trim the ground in the advancing direction of the portal frame; side support mechanisms are arranged on both sides at the top of the portal frames at the rear to support the side walls of the roadway top.

[0006] Further, the portal frame includes a left column, a right column and a steel frame cross beam. The left column and the right column are symmetrically arranged, and the steel frame cross beam is spanned on the tops of the left column and the right column; both the left column and the right column include a guide rail base, an upper hydraulic cylinder and a lower hydraulic cylinder. The top of the guide rail base is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the steel frame cross beam through the upper hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom of the guide rail base is connected to the column base through the lower hydraulic cylinder; the guide rail base is connected to the moving mechanism.

[0007] Further, a buffer cross beam is fixedly connected to the top of the steel frame cross beam to buffer the collision force generated during the support process.

[0008] Further, there are four gantry supports, which are, from front to back, the first gantry support, the second gantry support, the third gantry support, and the fourth gantry support.

[0009] Further, there are two sets of transporting mechanisms, and the two sets of transporting mechanisms are respectively arranged corresponding to the left columns and right columns of the first gantry support, the second gantry support, the third gantry support, and the fourth gantry support; the transporting mechanism includes a first odd-numbered group of guide rails, a first even-numbered group of guide rails, a second odd-numbered group of guide rails, a second even-numbered group of guide rails, and a pushing oil cylinder; on the guide rail base, there are successively arranged from top to bottom a first odd-numbered group of mounting holes, a first even-numbered group of mounting holes, a pushing oil cylinder mounting hole, a second odd-numbered group of mounting holes, and a second even-numbered group of mounting holes that penetrate the guide rail base horizontally; the first odd-numbered group of guide rails, the first even-numbered group of guide rails, the second odd-numbered group of guide rails, and the second even-numbered group of guide rails are respectively inserted into the first odd-numbered group of mounting holes, the first even-numbered group of mounting holes, the second odd-numbered group of mounting holes, and the second even-numbered group of mounting holes in the guide rail bases of the first gantry support, the second gantry support, the third gantry support, and the fourth gantry support, and the first odd-numbered group of guide rails and the second odd-numbered group of guide rails are fixedly connected to the guide rail bases in the first gantry support and the third gantry support and are slidably connected to the guide rail bases in the second gantry support and the fourth gantry support; the first even-numbered group of guide rails and the second even-numbered group of guide rails are fixedly connected to the guide rail bases in the second gantry support and the fourth gantry support and are slidably connected to the guide rail bases in the first gantry support and the third gantry support; the pushing oil cylinder is connected to the pushing oil cylinder mounting hole to realize the alternating movement of the first gantry support and the third gantry support and the second gantry support and the fourth gantry support through the contraction and extension actions of the pushing oil cylinder.

[0010] Further, the pushing oil cylinder includes a pushing oil cylinder piston rod, a pushing oil cylinder cylinder body, and a pushing support rod; one end of the pushing oil cylinder piston rod is connected to the pushing oil cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base in the first gantry support through a universal joint, the other end of the pushing oil cylinder piston rod is sleeved inside one end of the pushing oil cylinder cylinder body, the other end of the pushing oil cylinder cylinder body passes through the pushing oil cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base in the second gantry support and is fixedly connected to one end of the pushing support rod, and the other end of the pushing support rod passes through the pushing oil cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base in the third gantry support and is fixedly connected to the pushing oil cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base in the fourth gantry support.

[0011] Furthermore, the front probe beam mechanism includes a plurality of front probe beams, two mounting plates symmetrically fixed at both ends of the length direction of the steel frame crossbeam in the first gantry bracket, a second front probe beam fixing rod is connected between the two mounting plates, front probe beam hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the two mounting plates, the bottom ends of the two front probe beam hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected to the two mounting plate pins, and the top ends of the two front probe beam hydraulic cylinders are connected through the first front probe beam fixing rod; the plurality of front probe beams are arranged side by side along the length direction of the steel frame crossbeam, the rear end of the front probe beam is connected to the pin of the second front probe beam fixing rod, and the bottom end of the middle part of the front probe beam is connected to the pin of the first front probe beam fixing rod.

[0012] Furthermore, an anchor net fixing rod is rotatably connected between the two mounting plates, one end of the anchor net fixing rod passes through one of the mounting plates and is transmission connected to a hydraulic motor fixed on the outer wall of the mounting plate, an anchor net roll is wrapped around the outside of the anchor net fixing rod, one end of the anchor net roll passes through the gap between the rear end of the front exploration beam and the steel frame crossbeam in the first gantry bracket, so as to realize the fixed protection of the top plate by the anchor net.

[0013] Furthermore, the tunnel clearing mechanism includes a forward hydraulic cylinder, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, and a milling head; the length direction of the forward hydraulic cylinder is consistent with the arrangement direction of a plurality of gantry supports, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is longitudinally arranged, the rear end of the forward hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the front end side wall of the guide rail base in the first gantry support, the front end of the forward hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the milling head with a 360° all-round rotation function; a diagonal brace is fixedly connected between the middle part of the forward hydraulic cylinder and the guide rail base in the first gantry support to improve the stability of the installation structure of the forward hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the side support mechanism has six groups, and the six groups of side support mechanisms are respectively arranged at the two ends of the length direction of the steel frame beam in the second gantry, the third gantry and the fourth gantry; the side support mechanism includes two side support hydraulic cylinders, two oblique support hydraulic cylinders and a side support plate; the length direction of the two side support hydraulic cylinders is consistent with the length direction of the steel frame beam, the two oblique support hydraulic cylinders are arranged in an inclined state, the two side support hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of one end of the steel frame beam and one end of the two side support hydraulic cylinders is fixedly connected to the steel frame beam, and the other end of the two side support hydraulic cylinders is connected to the bottom pin shaft of one end of the side support plate; the top ends of the two oblique support hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of one end of the steel frame beam and the top ends of the two oblique support hydraulic cylinders are connected to the bottom pin shaft of the steel frame beam, and the bottom ends of the two oblique support hydraulic cylinders are connected to the middle bottom pin shaft of the side support plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0016] 1. Regarding the crossbeam: The top beam of the present utility model adopts a structure combining a steel frame crossbeam and a buffer crossbeam, which increases the contact area between the crossbeam and the roof, greatly reduces the deformation pressure of the roof, and can effectively prevent the deformation of the roof; when the portal support is moved in the present utility model, the remaining portal supports can still effectively support the roof, preventing the deformation and collapse of the roof during the support moving process; the present utility model has strong adaptability to the uneven roof surface. Due to the relatively flexible nature of the buffer crossbeam, the buffer crossbeam can maintain a large range of deformation and better transmit the roof pressure.

[0017] 2. Regarding the track: The present utility model uses multiple tracks for bearing in the vertical direction, greatly preventing the deformation of the track caused by uneven stress, and ensuring the smoothness and stability of the support moving process.

[0018] 3. Regarding the structure of the pushing oil cylinder: The present utility model connects the portal support and the piston rod of the pushing oil cylinder through a universal joint. During the pushing process, when there is a slight deviation in the pushing oil cylinder, it does not affect its pushing effect, greatly ensuring the adaptability of the pushing oil cylinder.

[0019] 4. Regarding the roadway cleaning structure: The present utility model can clean the fillet at the connection between the roadway sidewall and the roadway floor through the roadway cleaning mechanism, making the floor of the front route of the portal support flatter, enhancing the applicability of the present utility model in the coal mine driving roadway, and at the same time ensuring the stability of the portal support after landing.

[0020] 5. Through the orderly combination of the trimming structure and the support structure, the present utility model not only improves the driving efficiency but also effectively maintains the stability of the roadway surrounding rock; moreover, after the full-face roadheader completes one cut of the driving task, the present utility model can timely support the newly exposed roadway roof, greatly reducing the elastic-plastic deformation of the roof; at the same time, it can work in parallel with the full-face roadheader to realize the continuous operation of the full-face roadheader, effectively improving the driving efficiency of the coal mining operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is the left side view of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is the rear view of the portal support in the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the left view of the migration mechanism in the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the side view of the side support mechanism in the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is the rear upward view of the front-probing beam mechanism in the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is the side view of the roadway cleaning and cutting mechanism in the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 It is the first step of the support moving in the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 It is the second step of the support moving in the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 9 It is the third step of the support moving in the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 10 It is the fourth step of the support moving in the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 11 It is the fifth step of the support moving in the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 12 It is the sixth step of the support moving in the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 13 It is the seventh step of the support moving in the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 14 It is the eighth step of the support moving in the present utility model;

[0036] Description of the Drawings: Front-probing beam mechanism 1, roadway cleaning mechanism 2, side support mechanism 3, moving mechanism 4, first portal support 5, second portal support 6, third portal support 7, fourth portal support 8, steel frame crossbeam 9, buffer crossbeam 10, upper hydraulic cylinder on the column 11, guide rail base 12, lower hydraulic cylinder on the column 13, piston rod of the upper hydraulic cylinder on the column 14, cylinder block of the upper hydraulic cylinder on the column 15, first odd-numbered group of mounting holes 16, first even-numbered group of mounting holes 17, mounting hole for the pushing hydraulic cylinder 18, second odd-numbered group of mounting holes 19, second even-numbered group of mounting holes 20, cylinder block of the lower hydraulic cylinder on the column 21, piston rod of the lower hydraulic cylinder on the column 22, column base 23, first odd-numbered group of guide rails 24, first even-numbered group of guide rails 25, second odd-numbered group of guide rails 26, second even-numbered group of guide rails 27, guide rail connection interface 28, universal joint 29, piston rod of the pushing hydraulic cylinder 30, cylinder block of the pushing hydraulic cylinder 31, pushing hydraulic cylinder connection interface 32, pushing support rod 33, side support hydraulic cylinder 34, first pin shaft 35, side support plate 36, inclined support hydraulic cylinder 37, inclined support base 38, second pin shaft 39, third pin shaft 40, mounting plate 41, hydraulic motor 42, front-probing beam hydraulic cylinder 43, bearing of the anchor mesh fixing rod 44, front-probing beam 45, first front-probing beam fixing rod 46, anchor mesh fixing rod 47, anchor mesh roll 48, second front-probing beam fixing rod 49, extending hydraulic cylinder 50, lifting hydraulic cylinder 51, milling head 52, first diagonal brace 53, first diagonal brace 54. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment discloses a long-distance temporary support device for a fully-mechanized tunneling roadway, including a front-probing beam mechanism 1, a roadway cleaning mechanism 2, a side support mechanism 3, a moving mechanism 4, a first portal support 5, a second portal support 6, a third portal support 7, and a fourth portal support 8 that are connected in sequence from top to bottom and from front to back; the front-probing beam mechanism 1 is used to support the roadway roof of the cantilever part of the full-mechanized tunneling machine, the roadway cleaning mechanism 2 is used to trim the ground in the advancing direction of the support column, which can make the support more stable in supporting the roof, the side support mechanism 3 is used to support the upper stress concentration area of the left and right side walls of the roadway to prevent the roadway side from bulging, and the moving mechanism 4 is used for the alternating advancement of the first portal support 5, the second portal support 6, the third portal support 7, and the fourth portal support 8.

[0039] Among the four gantry supports, the first and third gantry supports are odd-numbered groups, and the second and fourth gantry supports are even-numbered groups;

[0040] As Figure 2 shown, the first gantry support 5, the second gantry support 6, the third gantry support 7 and the fourth gantry support 8 have the same structure, including a left column, a right column and a cross beam supported on the top of the columns; the cross beam includes a buffer cross beam 10 and a steel frame cross beam 9 from top to bottom, and the buffer cross beam 10 and the steel frame cross beam 9 are fixed by an embedded method. Among them, a column base is provided below the steel frame cross beam, and a groove is provided above. The lower part of the buffer cross beam can be embedded into the upper groove of the steel frame cross beam, and the buffer cross beam is composed of a material with relatively weak rigidity; the column of the gantry support is connected to the column base of the steel frame cross beam; the left and right columns include a hydraulic cylinder 11 on the column, a guide rail base 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13 under the column and a column base 23. The bottom end of the cylinder block 15 of the hydraulic cylinder on the column is connected to the upper end of the guide rail base 12 by bolts, the piston rod 14 of the hydraulic cylinder on the column faces the roadway roof, and the top end of the piston rod 14 of the hydraulic cylinder on the column is fixed to the steel frame cross beam 9 by bolts; the bottom end of the cylinder block 21 of the hydraulic cylinder under the column is connected to the lower end of the guide rail base 12 by bolts, the piston rod 22 of the hydraulic cylinder under the column faces the roadway floor, and the bottom end of the piston rod 22 of the hydraulic cylinder under the column is connected to the column base 23 by a spherical hinge; a circular hinge interface is provided in the middle of the column base 23, and the overall structure of the column base 23 presents a boat shape, that is, both sides of the bottom surface are arc surfaces and the bottom surface is a plane.

[0041] Four guide rail mounting holes and one push cylinder mounting hole are provided on the guide rail base 12. Among them, the four guide rail mounting holes are divided into two odd-numbered group mounting holes and two even-numbered group mounting holes. The five mounting holes are, from top to bottom, the first odd-numbered group mounting hole 16, the first even-numbered group mounting hole 17, the push cylinder mounting hole 18, the second odd-numbered group mounting hole 19 and the second even-numbered group mounting hole 20.

[0042] As Figure 3 shown, the transport mechanism 4 is provided with two groups on the left and right, and each group has four guide rail structures and one push cylinder structure. Among them, the four guide rails correspond to the four guide rail mounting holes provided on the guide rail base one by one, and the push cylinder corresponds to the cylinder mounting hole provided on the guide rail base;

[0043] Each migration mechanism 4 includes a first odd-numbered group of guide rails 24, a first even-numbered group of guide rails 25, a second odd-numbered group of guide rails 26, a second even-numbered group of guide rails 27, a guide rail connection interface 28, a universal joint 29, a push cylinder piston rod 30, a push cylinder cylinder block 31, a push cylinder connection interface 32, and a push support rod 33; each group of guide rails consists of three sections of guide rails, and each section of guide rail is connected by gaskets and bolts. Among them, the odd-numbered group of guide rail connection interfaces 28 are at the adjacent positions behind the second gantry bracket and the third gantry bracket, and the even-numbered group of guide rail connection interfaces 28 are at the adjacent positions in front of the second gantry bracket and the third gantry bracket;

[0044] The front end of the universal joint 29 is connected to the push cylinder mounting hole 18 of the middle column of the first gantry bracket, and the rear end of the universal joint 29 is connected to the front end of the push cylinder piston rod 30; the push cylinder cylinder block 31 passes through the push cylinder mounting hole 18 of the second gantry bracket and is connected to the front end of the push support rod 33, and the push support rod passes through the push cylinder mounting hole 18 of the third gantry bracket and is connected to the push cylinder mounting hole 18 of the fourth gantry bracket; the push cylinder connection interface 32 is located between the second gantry bracket and the third gantry bracket;

[0045] The first odd-numbered group of guide rails 24, the first even-numbered group of guide rails 25, the second odd-numbered group of guide rails 26, and the second even-numbered group of guide rails 27 are inserted into the first odd-numbered group of mounting holes 16, the first even-numbered group of mounting holes 17, the second odd-numbered group of mounting holes 19, and the second even-numbered group of mounting holes 20 of the first gantry bracket 5, the second gantry bracket 6, the third gantry bracket 7, and the fourth gantry bracket 8; the first odd-numbered group of guide rails 24 and the second odd-numbered group of guide rails 26 are fixed to the first gantry bracket 5 and the third gantry bracket 7, and the fixing points are located in the first odd-numbered group of mounting holes 16 and the second odd-numbered group of mounting holes 19. The front ends of the two odd-numbered groups of guide rails are aligned with the front sides of the first odd-numbered group of mounting holes 16 and the second odd-numbered group of mounting holes 19 on the middle column of the first gantry bracket; the first even-numbered group of guide rails 25 and the second even-numbered group of guide rails 27 are fixed to the second gantry bracket 6 and the fourth gantry bracket 8, and the fixing points are located in the first even-numbered group of mounting holes 17 and the second even-numbered group of mounting holes 20. The rear ends of the two even-numbered groups of guide rails are aligned with the rear sides of the first even-numbered group of mounting holes 17 and the second even-numbered group of mounting holes 20 on the middle column of the fourth gantry bracket;

[0046] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, there are six groups of the side support mechanisms 3, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the steel frame crossbeams of the second portal support 6, the third portal support 7, and the fourth portal support 8; each group of side support mechanisms 3 includes two side support hydraulic cylinders 34, two inclined support hydraulic cylinders 37, and a side support plate 36. Among them, one end of the two side support hydraulic cylinders 34 is bolted to both sides of the left and right ends of the steel frame crossbeam 9, and the front end of the cylinder body of the side support hydraulic cylinder 34 does not exceed the left and right ends of the steel frame crossbeam 9. The other end of the two side support hydraulic cylinders 34 is pin-connected to the bottom end of one end of the side support plate 36 through a second pin shaft 39; one end of the two inclined support hydraulic cylinders 37 is hinged to the inclined support base 38 at the bottom of the column base of the steel frame crossbeam 9 through a third pin shaft 40. The inclined support base 38 is close to the inner edge of the column base of the steel frame crossbeam 9. The other end of the two inclined support hydraulic cylinders 37 is pin-connected to the middle bottom end of the side support plate 36 through a first pin shaft 35; through the extension actions of the side support hydraulic cylinders 34 and the two inclined support hydraulic cylinders 37, the side support plate 36 is used to support the side wall of the top of the roadway.

[0047] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the front-probing beam mechanism 1 is fixed on the steel frame crossbeam of the first portal support. The front-probing beam mechanism mainly includes a wire mesh laying structure and a front-probing beam support structure fixed to the left and right mounting plates 41. Among them, the two mounting plates 41 are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the steel frame crossbeam of the first portal support. The wire mesh laying structure mainly includes an anchor mesh roll 48, an anchor mesh fixing rod 47, a hydraulic motor 42, and an anchor mesh fixing rod bearing 44. Among them, the hydraulic motor 42 is bolted to the outside of the left mounting plate 41. The anchor mesh fixing rod bearing 44 is embedded in the mounting holes reserved in the middle of the two mounting plates 41. The anchor mesh fixing rod 47 passes through the left bearing and is connected to the rotating shaft of the hydraulic motor 42 through a coupling. The axis of the anchor mesh fixing rod bearing 44 coincides with the axes of the rotating shaft of the hydraulic motor 42, the coupling, and the anchor mesh fixing rod 47 on a straight line. The coupling is bolted to connect the anchor mesh fixing rod 47 and the rotating shaft of the hydraulic motor 42, and the anchor mesh roll 48 is wrapped around the anchor mesh fixing rod 47;

[0048] The front-probing beam support structure mainly includes a first front-probing beam fixing rod 46, a second front-probing beam fixing rod 49, a front-probing beam 45, and a front-probing beam hydraulic cylinder 43; the left and right ends of the first front-probing beam fixing rod 46 are fixed in the upper mounting holes of the two mounting plates 41. The two ends of the second front-probing beam fixing rod 49 are hinged to the piston rod ends of the front-probing beam hydraulic cylinders 43 on the left and right sides. The cylinder bottoms of the front-probing beam hydraulic cylinders 43 on the left and right sides are hinged to the lower mounting holes of the two mounting plates 41; a plurality of front-probing beams 45 are arranged side by side from left to right on the first front-probing beam fixing rod 46 and the second front-probing beam fixing rod 49. The first front-probing beam fixing rod 46 passes through the row of aligned hinge seats below the front-probing beam 45, and the second front-probing beam fixing rod 49 passes through the row of aligned hinge seats behind the front-probing beam 45; a gap is reserved between the rear end of the front-probing beam and the steel frame crossbeam for the anchor mesh to pass through.

[0049] As Figure 6 shown, there are two sets of roadway cleaning and cutting mechanisms 2, which are respectively fixed on the left and right columns of the first gantry support; it mainly includes an extending hydraulic cylinder 50, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 51, a milling head 52 and two diagonal braces 53, 54. Among them, the rear end of the cylinder body of the extending hydraulic cylinder 50 is connected in the pushing cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base 12 of the middle column of the first gantry support, and the front end of the cylinder body of the extending hydraulic cylinder 50 is connected to the guide rail base 12 through the diagonal braces 52 and 53. The top end of the cylinder body of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 51 is connected to the front end of the piston rod of the extending hydraulic cylinder 50, and the milling head 52 is connected to the bottom end of the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 51; the extending hydraulic cylinder 50 can drive the milling head 52 to move back and forth, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 51 can drive the cutting head 52 to move up and down, and the cutting head 52 can rotate 360° in all directions by itself; there is a certain angle between the two diagonal braces 53, 54. One end of the two diagonal braces at the extending hydraulic cylinder is a circular arc surface, which fits the cylinder body of the extending hydraulic cylinder, and one end of the two diagonal braces at the column is a rectangular plane, which fits the front side of the column.

[0050] The working mode steps of the present utility model are as follows:

[0051] (1) The initial state of the long-distance temporary support device for fully-mechanized tunneling roadway is as Figure 7 shown; during the process of the full-mechanized roadheader tunneling one cut, the roadway cleaning and cutting mechanism 2 also acts synchronously. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 51 extends to make the milling head 52 contact the roadway floor until it starts to trim the roadway, and the extending hydraulic cylinder 50 slowly extends forward. During the process of the milling head 52 cutting the rock mass, the coal and gangue blocks are rotated to both sides through the spiral blades of the milling head, as Figure 8 shown;

[0052] (2) During the process of the full-mechanized roadheader tunneling one cut, the roadway cleaning and cutting mechanism 2 trims the roadway forward. At the same time, the side support mechanisms 3 on the left and right sides of the second gantry support 6 and the fourth gantry support 8 contract. After the side support hydraulic cylinders 34 and the diagonal support hydraulic cylinders 37 contract in place (as Figure 8 shown), the upper hydraulic cylinders 11 and the lower hydraulic cylinders 13 on the columns of the second gantry support 6 and the fourth gantry support 8 contract, making the second gantry support 6 and the fourth gantry support 8 in a suspended state (as Figure 9 shown), avoiding collision with the roadway and the full-mechanized roadheader. Then the transporting mechanism 4 starts to act, and the pushing cylinder contracts to pull the second gantry support 6 and the fourth gantry support 8 forward by a forward step distance (as Figure 10As shown in the figure, the forward step distance is set to the distance of one cut of the full-face tunneling machine. At this time, the first odd-numbered group of guide rails 24 and the second odd-numbered group of guide rails 26 are fixed guide rails, and the first even-numbered group of guide rails 25 and the second even-numbered group of guide rails 27 are movable guide rails. After the second gantry support 6 and the fourth gantry support 8 are in place, the upper column hydraulic cylinder 11 and the lower column hydraulic cylinder 13 extend. Adjust the initial support force of the upper column hydraulic cylinder to make the buffer crossbeam 10 fully contact the roadway roof, increase the support area of the roadway, and effectively support the roadway roof. Adjust the support force of the lower column hydraulic cylinder to make the column base 23 stably land on the roadway floor. The side support mechanism extends after the column hydraulic cylinder extends in place and stops moving after the support pressure of the side support hydraulic cylinder 34 and the inclined support hydraulic cylinder 37 reaches the set value. The even-numbered group of gantry supports enters the support state, as Figure 11 shown;

[0053] After the even-numbered group of gantry supports complete a forward step distance, the roadway cleaning mechanism 2 finishes the repair of the advancing path of the odd-numbered group of gantry supports, and the roadway cleaning mechanism 2 starts to contract towards the gantry support (as Figure 12 shown). At the same time, the tunneling machine also completes one cut of tunneling work, stops tunneling, and after the staff checks for loose rocks and asks about the roof conditions, the tunneling machine advances forward by one step distance;

[0054] While the tunneling machine advances forward, the odd-numbered group of supports moves forward simultaneously with the front-probing beam mechanism 1 and the roadway cleaning mechanism 2. The side support mechanisms 3 on both sides of the third gantry support 7 contract. After the side support hydraulic cylinder 34 and the inclined support hydraulic cylinder 37 contract in place (as Figure 12 shown), the upper column hydraulic cylinder 11 and the lower column hydraulic cylinder 13 of the first gantry support 5 and the third gantry support 7 contract, making the first gantry support 5 and the third gantry support 7 in a suspended state (as Figure 13 shown) to avoid collision with the roadway and the full-face tunneling machine. Then the transport mechanism 4 starts to act, and the push cylinder extends to push the first gantry support 5 and the third gantry support 7 forward by one forward step distance (as Figure 14 shown). At this time, the first even-numbered group of guide rails 25 and the second even-numbered group of guide rails 27 are fixed guide rails, and the first odd-numbered group of guide rails 24 and the second odd-numbered group of guide rails 26 are movable guide rails. After the first gantry support 5 and the third gantry support 7 are in place, the upper column hydraulic cylinder 11 and the lower column hydraulic cylinder 13 extend. Adjust the initial support force of the upper column hydraulic cylinder to make the buffer crossbeam 10 fully contact the roadway roof, adjust the support force of the lower column hydraulic cylinder to make the column base 23 stably land on the roadway floor. The side support mechanisms on both sides of the third gantry support 7 extend after the column hydraulic cylinder extends in place and stop moving after the support pressure of the side support hydraulic cylinder 34 and the inclined support hydraulic cylinder 37 on both sides of the third gantry support 7 reaches the set value. The odd-numbered group of gantry supports enters the support state (as Figure 7 shown);

[0055] After the odd-numbered portal supports enter the supporting state, the fully mechanized heading machine advances to the designated position and starts the heading operation. During the heading process of the fully mechanized heading machine, the next working cycle is entered according to steps (1), (2), (3), and (4).

[0056] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. Regarding the crossbeam: The top beam of the utility model adopts a structure combining a steel frame crossbeam and a buffer crossbeam, which increases the contact area between the crossbeam and the roof, greatly reduces the deformation pressure of the roof, and can effectively prevent the phenomenon of roof deformation; when the portal support is moved in the utility model, the remaining portal supports can still effectively support the roof, preventing the occurrence of roof deformation and caving during the support moving process; the utility model has strong adaptability to the unevenness of the roof. Due to the relatively soft nature of the buffer crossbeam, the buffer crossbeam can maintain a large range of deformation and better transmit the roof pressure.

[0058] 2. Regarding the track: The utility model adopts multiple tracks to bear the load in the vertical direction, greatly preventing the occurrence of deformation of the track due to uneven stress, and ensuring the smoothness and stability of the support moving process.

[0059] 3. Regarding the structure of the pushing oil cylinder: The utility model connects the portal support and the piston rod of the pushing oil cylinder through a universal joint. During the pushing process, when there is a slight deviation in the pushing oil cylinder, it does not affect its pushing effect, greatly ensuring the adaptability of the pushing oil cylinder.

[0060] 4. Regarding the roadway cleaning structure: The utility model can clean the fillet at the connection between the roadway sidewall and the roadway floor through the roadway cleaning mechanism, making the floor of the front route of the portal support smoother, enhancing the applicability of the utility model in the coal mine heading roadway, and at the same time ensuring the stability of the portal support after it lands.

[0061] 5. Through the orderly combination of the trimming structure and the support structure, the utility model not only improves the heading efficiency but also effectively maintains the stability of the roadway surrounding rock; moreover, after the fully mechanized heading machine completes one cut of the heading task, the utility model can timely support the newly exposed roadway roof, greatly reducing the elastic-plastic deformation of the roof; at the same time, it can operate in parallel with the fully mechanized heading machine to realize the continuous operation of the fully mechanized heading machine, effectively improving the heading efficiency of the coal mining operation.

Claims

1. A long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel, characterized in that: It comprises a number of gantry supports arranged side by side; a transport mechanism is arranged between the gantry supports to enable the gantry supports in odd-numbered rows and the gantry supports in even-numbered rows to move alternately; a front exploration beam mechanism is arranged at the top of the gantry support located at the front end to support the tunnel roof; a tunnel clearing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the gantry support located at the front end to trim the ground in the forward direction of the gantry support; side support mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the top of the gantry support located at the rear to support the side walls of the tunnel top.

2. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The gantry support includes a left column, a right column, and a steel frame beam. The left column and the right column are symmetrically arranged, and the steel frame beam is straddled on the top of the left column and the right column; the left column and the right column both include a guide rail base, an upper hydraulic cylinder, and a lower hydraulic cylinder. The top of the guide rail base is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the steel frame beam via the upper hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom of the guide rail base is connected to the column base via the lower hydraulic cylinder; the guide rail base is connected to the transport mechanism.

3. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: A buffer beam is fixedly connected to the top of the steel frame beam to buffer the collision force generated during the supporting process.

4. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: There are four gantry brackets, which are respectively a first gantry bracket, a second gantry bracket, a third gantry bracket, and a fourth gantry bracket from front to back.

5. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: The transport mechanism has two groups and the two groups of transport mechanisms are respectively arranged corresponding to the left column and the right column of the first gantry bracket, the second gantry bracket, the third gantry bracket, and the fourth gantry bracket; the transport mechanism includes a first odd-group guide rail, a first even-group guide rail, a second odd-group guide rail, a second even-group guide rail, and a push cylinder; the guide rail base is provided with a first odd-group mounting hole, a first even-group mounting hole, a push cylinder mounting hole, a second odd-group mounting hole, and a second even-group mounting hole that transversely penetrate the guide rail base from top to bottom; the first odd-group guide rail, the first even-group guide rail, the second odd-group guide rail, and the second even-group guide rail are respectively inserted into the middle guide rails of the first gantry bracket, the second gantry bracket, the third gantry bracket, and the fourth gantry bracket In the first odd-array mounting holes, the first even-array mounting holes, the second odd-array mounting holes, and the second even-array mounting holes of the base, the first odd-array guide rails and the second odd-array guide rails are fixedly connected to the guide rail bases in the first gantry bracket and the third gantry bracket, and are slidably connected to the guide rail bases in the second gantry bracket and the fourth gantry bracket; the first even-array guide rails and the second even-array guide rails are fixedly connected to the guide rail bases in the second gantry bracket and the fourth gantry bracket, and are slidably connected to the guide rail bases in the first gantry bracket and the third gantry bracket; the push cylinder is connected to the push cylinder mounting hole, so as to realize the alternating movement of the first gantry bracket and the third gantry bracket and the second gantry bracket and the fourth gantry bracket through the contraction and extension of the push cylinder.

6. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The push cylinder includes a push cylinder piston rod, a push cylinder body, and a push support rod; one end of the push cylinder piston rod is connected to the push cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base of the first gantry bracket via a universal joint, the other end of the push cylinder piston rod is sleeved on the inner side of one end of the push cylinder body, the other end of the push cylinder body passes through the push cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base of the second gantry bracket and is fixedly connected to one end of the push support rod, the other end of the push support rod passes through the push cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base of the third gantry bracket and is fixedly connected to the push cylinder mounting hole on the guide rail base of the fourth gantry bracket.

7. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: The front probe beam mechanism includes a plurality of front probe beams, two mounting plates symmetrically fixed at both ends of the length direction of the steel frame cross beam in the first gantry bracket, a second front probe beam fixing rod is connected between the two mounting plates, and front probe beam hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the two mounting plates, the bottom ends of the two front probe beam hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected to the two mounting plate pins, and the top ends of the two front probe beam hydraulic cylinders are connected through the first front probe beam fixing rod; the plurality of front probe beams are arranged side by side along the length direction of the steel frame cross beam, the rear end of the front probe beam is connected to the pin of the second front probe beam fixing rod, and the bottom end of the middle part of the front probe beam is connected to the pin of the first front probe beam fixing rod.

8. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: An anchor net fixing rod is rotatably connected between the two mounting plates, one end of the anchor net fixing rod passes through one of the mounting plates and is transmission connected to a hydraulic motor fixed on the outer wall of the mounting plate, an anchor net roll is wrapped around the outside of the anchor net fixing rod, one end of the anchor net roll passes through the gap between the rear end of the front exploration beam and the steel frame crossbeam in the first gantry bracket, so as to realize the fixed protection of the top plate by the anchor net.

9. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The tunnel clearing mechanism includes a forward extension hydraulic cylinder, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, and a milling head; the length direction of the forward extension hydraulic cylinder is consistent with the arrangement direction of a plurality of gantry supports, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is longitudinally arranged, the rear end of the forward extension hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the front end side wall of the guide rail base in the first gantry support, the front end of the forward extension hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the milling head with a 360° all-round rotation function; an oblique support rod is fixedly connected between the middle part of the forward extension hydraulic cylinder and the guide rail base in the first gantry support to improve the stability of the installation structure of the forward extension hydraulic cylinder.

10. The long-distance temporary support device for a fully mechanized tunnel as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The side support mechanism has six groups, and the six groups of side support mechanisms are respectively arranged at the two ends of the length direction of the steel frame beam in the second gantry, the third gantry and the fourth gantry; the side support mechanism includes two side support hydraulic cylinders, two oblique support hydraulic cylinders and a side support plate; the length direction of the two side support hydraulic cylinders is consistent with the length direction of the steel frame beam, the two oblique support hydraulic cylinders are arranged in an inclined shape, the two side support hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of one end of the steel frame beam and one end of the two side support hydraulic cylinders is fixedly connected to the steel frame beam, and the other end of the two side support hydraulic cylinders is connected to the bottom pin shaft of one end of the side support plate; the top ends of the two oblique support hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of one end of the steel frame beam and the top ends of the two oblique support hydraulic cylinders are connected to the bottom pin shaft of the steel frame beam, and the bottom ends of the two oblique support hydraulic cylinders are connected to the middle bottom pin shaft of the side support plate.

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